大學(xué)英語作文預(yù)測講義

大學(xué)英語寫作沖刺（2010.6）主講人：康建剛寫作沖刺注意事項(xiàng)考試趨勢：新+難；2．原則+方法；3．寫作三步驟：Pre-writing;While-writing;Post-writing。Writing1Directions:Thefollowingtablegivesstatisticsshowingtheaspectsofqualityoflifeinfivecountries.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationinthetablebelow.CountryGNPperhead(USdollars)DailycaloriesupplyperheadLifeexpectancyatbirth(years)Infantmortalityrates(per1000livebirths)Bangladesh140187740132Bolivia570208650124Egypt69029505697Indonesia58022964987USA1316036527412ModelComposition:Thetableusesfourbroadeconomicindicatorstoshowthestandardoflivinginfiveselectedcountries,includingboththemostdevelopednationintheworldandsomeofthelessdevelopednations.ThereisnodenyingthefactthattheUSAhadmuchhigherqualityoflifethanothercountries.Ascanbeclearlyseenfromthestatistics,theUSA—oneoftherichestcountriesintheworld—hadthehighestGNPanddailycalorieintake,thelongestlifeexpectancyandthelowestinfantmortalityrate.Theotherdevelopingcountrieshadaconsiderablylowerqualityoflife.Egypt,IndonesiaandBoliviaweresimilarintheirrangeofindicators,withEgypthavingthehighestqualityoflifeamongthethree.However,Egypt’sinfantmortalityratewasslightlyhigherthanIndonesia’s,at97deathsper1000comparedto87inIndonesia.Bangladeshhadbyfarthelowestqualityoflifeinallthefourindicators.ItsGNPwasonlyaboutone-hundredththatoftheUSA.ThefiguresintermsofthedailycaloriesupplyperheadandlifeexpectancyatbirthinBangladesharethehalfofthoserespectivelyinUSA,anditsinfantmortalityratewas10timesgreater.Inconclusion,itgoeswithoutsayingthatthefourdevelopingcountrieshavetodevelopalotmorebeforereachingthesamelevelofqualityoflifeastheUSA.Atthesametime,theUSAhastheresponsibilitytohelptheothercountriestodeveloptheireconomiesandimprovetheirpeople’slivingstandard.UsefulExpressionsandStructures:介紹圖表Thetable/chart/diagram/graph/picture/cartoonshows(that)...Thefigures/statisticsshow/describe/illustrate(that)…Asisshown/described/illustrated/indicated/revealedinthecartoon/picture/graph/chart/table,...Ascanbeclearlyseenfromthecartoon…Whatavividpictureitis!Ittellsusthatloveisjustlikealampinthedark,bringingjoyandwarmthtothepeoplearound.Accordingtothetable...,Ascanbeseenfromthetable...,Itcanbeseenfromthetable...Itisself-evidentthat…,Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…,Thereisnodenyingthefactthat…統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)方法increase/fallslightly/alittle/sharply/dramatically/drasticallyfrom...to...,skyrocket/soar/rise/decline/jumpfrom…to…remainsteadyat...,remainlevel,peakat...,reachtheclimaxat...,reachthelowat…,accountfor...twice/three...timesasmany/muchas...,onefifth/aquarter/athird/ahalfof...數(shù)據(jù)變化的表達(dá)方法Thenumber/amountof...increased/jumped/rose/decreased/dropped/fell/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steadily/gradually/slowly/slightlyfrom...to...Therewasasudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steady/gradual/slow/slightincrease/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fallinthenumber/amountof...from...to...開頭和結(jié)尾的常用句型Thetwographsdescribethesamethingseenintwodifferentways.Thefirstdiagramsimplyrecords…Thesecondgraphthrowsanewlighton…Thekeyfindingstakenfromthesurveysareasfollows:…ThistableprovidesseveralimportantpointsofcomparisonbetweenAandB.Writing2Beijing2008OlympicLogo Theemblem,officiallyentitled“ChineseSeal–DancingBeijing”,hasasingleChinesecharacteronatraditionalredChineseseal.Thewords“Beijing2008”arewrittenwithaChinesebrushbelowit.ThefigureinthelogoresemblesarunnerordancerandtheChinesecharacter“jing”whichmeans“capital”. Theimagecarriesthemessagethattoday’sChinaisnotonlyanationwithalongandglorioushistory,butalsoonefullofmoderndynamics. DancingBeijingisajourneytothefuture,theemblemforChinamovingtowardsthe2008OlympicGames.Itrepresentstheheartofanancientcultureembracingthemodernworld,thespiritofapeoplemovingtowardsanewdestiny.Itcapturesthesoulofacityintransformationanditsmotionconveysamessageofhope,joy,andunity. DancingBeijingisasymbolofthecity’spromisetomaketheGamesasuccessandtobeunlikeanytheworldhasknown.TheChinesesealofDancingBeijingisapromiserootedinhonourandtrust,characterandtruth. DancingBeijingisthecity’ssignature.TheancientartofcalligraphyexpressesthegraceandcharacteroftheChineseandthecharmandbeautyoftheirtraditions.TheimageofBeijing’sOlympics,inspiredbytheancientfigureforBeijing,turnsthecityintoadancingathleteinthegracefulsweepofthecalligrapher’shand. DancingBeijingisthecolourofChina.RedisthemostsignificantcolourinChineseculture’ssymbolofluck,ofcelebrationandofnewbeginnings.Thedepthofitsmeaningequalsthedepthofitsbeauty. DancingBeijingrepresentsthespiritoftheindividual.ItisthesymbolforeveryOlympian,everyperformer,everyvolunteerandeveryspectator.Armsflungwide,itinvitesallpeopleandtheworldtoshareinthecity’shistory,beauty,energy,anditsfuture. DancingBeijingisintheformofthedragon,theancientsymbolofChineseculturethathasbothbeautyandmajesty.ItsymbolizesabindingofthefireandlightoftheChinesepeople,thepowertothepromise. DancingBeijingisaninvitation,ahandextendedinwelcometoChina’scelebration.TheGamesareheldinthehopeofunitinghumanityasneverbefore.Theyareagestureoffriendshipandhopethatthecommunityofnationswilluniteinpeacethroughsport.Writing3OnOverseasStudy有人認(rèn)為出國留學(xué)是個(gè)人發(fā)展的最佳選擇；也有人堅(jiān)持在國內(nèi)也能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的理想；我的看法。Whenitcomestothechoiceofwhethertostudyabroadorathome,differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Someseemoreadvantagestooverseasstudy,whileothersbelievethatthedisadvantagesoutweighitsadvantages.Withthedeepeningofreformandopening-upofourcountry,manypeoplecangoabroadforfurtherstudy.Theyinsistthattherearemoremodernresearchfacilities,worldfamousprofessorsandexcellentenvironmentinsomeforeigncollegesanduniversities,whichlayaperfectfoundationfortheirfuturedevelopment.However,therearestillmanypeoplewhofavorstudyingathome.Theyarguethat,foronething,studyingabroadistooexpensiveandthereforedoesn’tpayoff.Foranother,therearenolanguageandculturalbarriersiftheystudyinourcountry.Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage,”soIbelievebothopinionsareacceptableinsomesense.Ifstudentshavethechancesandfinancialresources,theyshouldseizetheopportunitytogoabroadandbroadentheireyes.Ontheotherhand,ifconditionsdon’tpermit,theycanpursuetheirstudiesattopuniversitiesinourcountry.Whatcountsisnottheplacewheretheystudy,butwhattheycanlearn.UsefulExpressionsandStructures:1.表達(dá)比較1)Thesameistrueof…,Thesamecanbesaidof…2)Justas…,so…3)AsistoBwhat/asCistoDBookistothemindwhat/asfoodistothebody.4)AandBhavesomethingincommon5)AissimilartoBinthat…6)Like…7)ComparedwithA,B…2.表達(dá)對比1)Unlike…2)AdiffersfromBinthat…3)AisjusttheoppositetoB3．表達(dá)權(quán)衡1)AissuperiortoBbecause/inthat…/inthefollowingaspects.2)Theadvantagesof…outweighthedisadvantages3)…variesfrompersontoperson4)Nothingcanrival…Nothingcanrivalthepleasurefromtalkingtoagoodfriend.5)AbenefitspeopleinthefollowingwayswhileBbringsalotofharm.6)beofgreatbenefitto…,doalotofgoodto…,begoodfor…,dodamageto…,doharmto…7)notsomuch…as…Thereasonfortherapidincreaseinpopulationisnotsomuchariseinbirthrateasafallindeathrate.Writing4HowCanLaid-offWorkersFindNewJobs?很多下崗工人很難找到新的工作。如何幫助他們。ModelComposition:ThemarketeconomyhasbroughtChinabothbenefitsandheadaches,oneofwhichistheproblemoffindingnewjobsforlaid-offworkers.Thereisnodenyingthatserioussocialproblemswillariseunlessthisproblemisproperlysolved.Asaresult,itisessentialtoexplorewaystogetlaid-offworkersbacktowork.Seriousastheproblemseems,wecanfindsomesolutionstoit.Tobeginwith,priorityshouldbegiventotheexpansionoftertiaryindustry(第三產(chǎn)業(yè))becausetertiaryindustrycancreateagreatnumberofpositionswithfewrestrictionsonage,education,skill,etc.Also,littlecapitalisneededtosetupenterprisesinthisfield.Inaddition,thelaid-offworkershavetoupdatetheirskillstomeetthedemandsofthesociety,justastheoldsayinggoes,“Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.”Lastbutnotleast,theyshouldstoprelyingonthestateandthrowawayanyworriesabouttheir“face”whiledoing“l(fā)ow”jobssuchaswashingdishesatrestaurantsorsendingnewspaperstohouseholds.Oncethehabitofdependencyiscracked,thenthecountrycanmakeotherpolicychangesaimedatimprovingtheirlivingstandards.第一段介紹問題可以用：Whenitcomestotheproblem…/Asregards…/Withregardto…Asfarassomethingisconcerned…/Asto…/Asfor…peopleholdoppositeviewsontheproblemof…/people’sopinionsdiffer…/differentpeoplehavedifferentviews…AccordingtoarecentsurveybyBeijingYouthDaily/ChinaDaily/HubeiDaily…Thisisaproblemeveryoneofusshouldgivemorethoughtto.在第二段關(guān)于問題的原因時(shí)，可以用：Thosewhoagreewiththefirstpointofviewhavetheirarguments…Thosewhoopposetheideahavetheirreasons…Intheeyesofthefirstgroupofpeople…Asfarasthefirstgroupofpeopleareconcerned,theymaintain…Thesecondgroupofpeoplearguethat…On(the)onehand…Ontheotherhand…/Inthefirstplace…Inthesecondplace…Lastbutnottheleastimportant…/Tobeginwith…Inaddition…Intheend…第三段結(jié)尾的常用句型有：Whateverthereason,theproblemof…h(huán)asbecomeacripplingforcetothedevelopmentofourcountry.Despiteallthedifficulties,wemustsolvetheproblematanycost.Thesolvingoftheproblemof…needstheeffortsfromboththegovernmentandeverycitizenofthesociety.Nodoubtthisproblemhasbecomeanobstacletoourdevelopment.However,itmustbesolvedwiththejointeffortsofthegovernmentandthegeneralpublic.Tosolvetheproblem,peoplehavecomeupwithvariousmethodsaslistedbelow…Firstofall…Furthermore…Finally…/Foronething…Foranother…Justasacoinhastwosides,…h(huán)asbothitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Therefore,weshouldmakefulluseofitsadvantagesandtrytoavoiditsdisadvantages.Inmyopinion,thebestchoiceisto…Thebestsolution,asIknow,shouldbe…“Wellbegunishalfdone.”Ifwetrytosolvetheproblemasearlyaspossible,wewillbeabletonipitinthebud.Writing5CanComputersReplaceTeachersinEnglishTeaching?計(jì)算機(jī)及多媒體技術(shù)在大學(xué)英語課堂上使用越來越廣泛。老師和計(jì)算機(jī)相比的好處。計(jì)算機(jī)是否能在將來取代老師？為什么？Nowadayscomputer-aidedinstructionisgettingmoreandmorepopularonthecampusthroughouttheworld,especiallyinteachingEnglish.MoreandmorestudentstendtolearnEnglishindependentlywiththehelpofmultimedialearningsoftware.Theyclaimthattheyhavemorefreedomoflearningwhatevertheylikeattheirownpace,withbotheaseandcare.What’smore,computer-aidedinstructionisanoriginalwayoflearning,whichcanarousestudents’interest.Howeversomepeoplebelievethatteacherscanbetterhelpstudentslearnknowledgeandacquireskills.Theyarguethat,foronething,studentscannottalktomachines.ItgoeswithoutsayingthattolearnEnglishbetter,studentsshouldtalktoteachersandgetintouchwiththem.Foranother,teacherscannotsupervisestudents,thussomestudentsspendtheprecioustimenotonEnglish,butonnet-chattingorbrowsingpornwebsites.AsfarasIamconcerned,computerscannotreplaceteachersinEnglishteachingbecausestudentsneedtocontacthumanbeings,notmachines.Atthesametime,the