高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)選修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions

Unit3Inventorsandinventions一、單詞表詞匯全查驗(yàn)——運(yùn)用多媒體，提問(wèn)默寫(xiě)詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．patentn． 專利證書(shū)；專利權(quán)2．courtyardn. 院子；庭院；天井3．walnutn. 胡桃；胡桃木4．powdern. 粉末；火藥5．perfumen. 香水；香味[第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]6．versionn． 版本；譯本7．extensionn. 分機(jī)；擴(kuò)大；延伸8．trianglen. 三角形；三角形物體9．criterionn．(pl.criteria) (評(píng)判的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；尺度10．stringn. 線；繩子；一串11．gluen. 膠；膠水vt. 粘貼；粘合[第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]12．greengrocern． 蔬菜水果商(pl.) 蔬菜水果店13．refrigeratorn. 冰箱14．jamn. 堵塞；阻塞；果醬15．microphonen. 麥克風(fēng)；話筒16．multipleadj. 多種的；多樣的；多類型的n. 倍數(shù)[第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]17．dynamicadj. 充滿活力的；精力充沛的； 動(dòng)態(tài)的；發(fā)展變化的18．personneln. 人力資源；人事部；全體人員19．helicoptern. 直升飛機(jī)20．cuben. 立方體；立方21．cubicadj. 立方的Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．distinguishvi.&vt. 顯示……的差別； 使……有所不同；辨別2．merciful_adj. 寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的3．productn. 產(chǎn)品4．a(chǎn)bruptadj. 突然的；意外的5．a(chǎn)bruptlyadv. 突然地；唐突地[第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]6．convenientadj. 便利的；方便的；就近的7．cautionn. 小心；謹(jǐn)慎8．expectationn. 預(yù)料；期待；期望9．passiveadj. 被動(dòng)的；消極的；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的10．merryadj. 愉快的；高興的[第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]11．merrilyadv. 高興地；愉快地12．seizevt. 抓?。蛔阶?；奪13．recognitionn. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)可；承認(rèn)14．claimn．&vt. 要求；聲稱；主張15．filen. 文件；檔案；文件夾vt. 提交；將……歸檔[第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]16．petencen． 能力；勝任；本領(lǐng)17．validadj. 有效的；確鑿的18．ripeadj. 熟的；成熟的19．freezingadj. 冰凍的；嚴(yán)寒的20．identificationn. 鑒定；辨認(rèn)；確定；身份證明[第九屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]21．dialvt. 撥()22．rainfall_n. 降雨23．innocentadj. 清白的；無(wú)罪的；天真的24．bearvt. 忍受；忍耐；負(fù)擔(dān)25．foreheadn. 額頭26．occasionallyadv. 偶然地；不時(shí)地[第十屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]27．tapvt.&vi. 輕打；輕拍；輕敲n. 輕輕地敲擊(聲)；(水)龍頭28．currentn. (水或氣)流；電流adj. 現(xiàn)在的；當(dāng)前的29．stableadj. 穩(wěn)固的；穩(wěn)定的；安定的30．invaluableadj. 無(wú)價(jià)的；極寶貴的31．a(chǎn)ssociatevt. 聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n. 同伴；伙伴[第十一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]32．practical_adj. 實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的；實(shí)用的33．directoryn. 簿；商行名錄34．dive_into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入35．set_out_(to_do)_ 開(kāi)始(做)36．call_up 給……打37．now_and_then 偶爾；有時(shí)38．set_about 開(kāi)始；著手[第十二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]39．hang_on_ 不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住40．out_of_order_ 次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障41．get_through 設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通)； (設(shè)法)做完；通過(guò)42．ring_back 回復(fù)43．ring_off_ 掛斷二、單元核心考點(diǎn)初熱身——提供語(yǔ)境，單元考點(diǎn)自測(cè)回顧(一)分類識(shí)記單詞——用時(shí)少·功效高識(shí)記單詞寫(xiě)對(duì)Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.patentn．專利證書(shū)；專利權(quán)2.courtyardn.院子；庭院；天井3.perfumen.香水；香味4.cuben.立方體；立方5.cubicadj.立方的6.stringn.線；繩子；一串7.greengrocern.蔬菜水果商；蔬菜水果店8.jamn.堵塞；阻塞；果醬9.microphonen.麥克風(fēng)；話筒10.dynamicadj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的11.personneln.人力資源；人事部；全體人員12.multipleadj.多種的；多樣的；多類型的n.倍數(shù)13.extensionn.分機(jī)；擴(kuò)大；延伸Ⅱ.寫(xiě)其形(漢譯英)1.foreheadn.額頭2.validadj.有效的；確鑿的3.ripeadj.成熟的；熟的4.passiveadj.被動(dòng)的；消極的；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的5.invaluableadj.無(wú)價(jià)的；極寶貴的6.directoryn.簿；商行名錄7.rainfalln.降雨核心單詞練通1.Iseized(抓住)theopportunitytopractisemyspokenEnglish.2.Youneedspecialsoftwaretoviewtheinformationinthe_file(s)(文件)．3.Nowadaysmanyoldpeoplehavetobear(忍受)miserablelonelinessaftertheirsonsordaughtersleavehomeforwork.4.Thesuspecttapped(輕敲)thetablenervouslywithfingerstohidehisfearinside.5.Webelievethatonlyastable(穩(wěn)定的)andfullyconfidentmiddleclasswillguaranteethestabilityandprosperityofHongKong.6.Thenewsonsmartphonessavespeoplemuchtimereadingthroughnewspapersforcurrent(當(dāng)前的)affairs.7.Idialed(撥打)120andwaitedthereuntilshewastakentohospital.8.Twenty-fivepercentofthestudentsclaimed(聲稱)thatitisthefamilygenesthataretoblame.9.Theabrupt(突然的)changeoftheclimatehasdrawnworldwideattentiontothebenefitofgreenenergy.10.Youcouldhearthemsinginganddancingmerrily(高興地)outinthestreet.拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.distinguishvi.&vt.顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別→distinguishedadj.著名的；卓越的；杰出的2.mercifuladj.寬大的；慈悲的；仁慈的→mercilessadj.殘忍的；無(wú)情的→mercyn．寬??；仁慈3.productn．產(chǎn)品→producev．生產(chǎn)→producern．生產(chǎn)者；制片人4.convenientadj.便利的；方便的；就近的→conveniencen．方便；便利→convenientlyadv.便利地5.cautionn．小心；謹(jǐn)慎→cautiousadj.小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的→cautiouslyadv.小心地；謹(jǐn)慎地6.expectationn．預(yù)料；期待；期望→expectv．預(yù)料；期待；期望；認(rèn)為7.recognitionn．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)可；承認(rèn)→recognizevt.認(rèn)出；識(shí)別；承認(rèn)8.freezingadj.冰凍的；嚴(yán)寒的→freezev．冰凍→frozenadj.凍結(jié)的9.identificationn．鑒定；辨認(rèn)；確定；身份證明→identityn．身份；同一性→identicaladj.同一的；完全相同的→identifyv．確定；鑒別10.innocentadj.清白的；天真的；無(wú)罪的→innocencen．天真；清白11.occasionallyadv.偶然地；不時(shí)地→occasionaladj.偶然的→occasionn．時(shí)機(jī)；機(jī)會(huì)；場(chǎng)合12.associatevt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n．同伴；伙伴→associationn．聯(lián)系；聯(lián)盟；協(xié)會(huì)13.practicaladj.實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的；實(shí)用的→practicen．實(shí)踐；練習(xí)v．練習(xí)；訓(xùn)練14petencen．能力；勝任；本領(lǐng)→petentadj.能勝任的；稱職的；有能力的[用準(zhǔn)用活]1.Childrenareinnocent,_asafutureteacherIhaveachildlike_innocenceandIwillreallylovethem.(innocent)2.Heisacautiousmanandisalwaysdoingthingswithcaution.Youshouldgetonwithhimcautiously.(caution)3.YoucanvisitProfessorLiwhenitisconvenient,_thatis,athisconvenience.Hishouseisconvenientlynearthebusstop.(convenient)4.Inwesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn’tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)5.Heissuchamercifulmanandalwayshasmercyonthosehomelessanimalsbutsometimeshecanbemercilesstothosehedoesn’tlike.(mercy)6.Thedogwaggeditstailinexpectationofabonebutwasexpectedtogoout.(expect)7.Itisfreezingoutsidenow,andmoresnowisfallingonalreadyfrozenstreets.(freeze)8.Thisismyoccasional_visittothethemepark,inwhichIoccasionallymeetthecartooncharactersIlikemost.(occasion)9.AlthoughtherearemanypracticaldifficultiesinlearningoralEnglish,youmustkeeppracticingspeakingeveryday.(practice)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.后綴-ive形容詞集錦①active主動(dòng)的②passive被動(dòng)的③positive積極的④negative消極的⑤subjective主觀的⑥objective客觀的2.表示“抓住”的相關(guān)動(dòng)詞一覽①seize抓??；捉?、赾atch抓??；接住③grasp抓??；掌握④clutch抓?。痪o握⑤capture抓??；俘獲⑥grapple抓住；格斗3.含fore-前綴的單詞面面觀①foreheadn．額頭②forearmn.前臂③forecastvt.預(yù)報(bào)④foreseevt.預(yù)見(jiàn)；預(yù)知⑤forewordn.前言⑥foretellv.預(yù)言；預(yù)示(二)語(yǔ)段串記短語(yǔ)——不枯燥·興趣高先寫(xiě)對(duì)再用準(zhǔn)第一組1.call_up給……打；使想起2.now_and_then偶爾；有時(shí)3.dive_into一心投入；迅速把手伸入4.ring_off掛斷5.hang_on不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住XiaoMingalwaysdreamsofinventinganewmobilephonethatdoesn’tdoharmtopeople’seyes.He①dives_intohisdreaminginventionsafterschooleveryday.②Now_and_thenhe③calls_uphisscienceteachertoconsultsomequestions.Histeachernever④rings_offuntilXiaoMinggetsasatisfyinganswer.第二組1.set_about開(kāi)始；著手2.set_out_(to_do)開(kāi)始(做)3.out_of_order次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障4.get_through設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過(guò)；度過(guò)5.ring_back回復(fù)Lastyear,XiaoMing①set_aboutdesigninghisnewmobilephoneafterhefiguredoutallthepuzzlingproblems.Hedid②get_throughalotofpainsduringhiswork.Tohispain,thephoneheisusingnowisoften③out_of_order,_especiallywhenhe④ringsothersback.Howhehopestoinventhisnewphoneearlier！?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.“v.＋into”短語(yǔ)薈萃①diveinto一心投入②burstinto突然闖入③runinto撞上④lookinto調(diào)查⑤knockinto撞上⑥breakinto破門而入2.“偶爾；有時(shí)”詞匯全接觸①nowandthen偶爾；有時(shí)②nowandagain有時(shí)；時(shí)而③fromtimetotime有時(shí)；偶爾④attimes偶爾；有時(shí)⑤onceinawhile偶爾；有時(shí)⑥onoccasion偶爾；有時(shí)3.“動(dòng)詞＋back”短語(yǔ)一覽①takeback拿回；撤銷②bringback帶回；使恢復(fù)③lookback回顧④dateback追溯到⑤keepback隱瞞；忍?、辢oldback控制住(三)仿寫(xiě)用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高背原句明句式學(xué)仿寫(xiě)1.Betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly,whichfreezeswhencooled.在碗的內(nèi)壁和外壁之間有些膠狀物，冷卻后會(huì)凍結(jié)。“連詞＋過(guò)去分詞”省略結(jié)構(gòu)。一旦曝光，膠卷就會(huì)被損壞而不能用了。Once_exposed_to_light,_thefilmwillbedamagedandgetuseless.2.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.(評(píng)定)專利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是很嚴(yán)格的，除非新的想法真是新穎的，否則很難被接受。so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。他的發(fā)明如此實(shí)用以至于很快就獲得了專利。Hisinventionwasso_practical_thathesoongotapatent.3.Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟蹤下去，不斷探索，不知不覺(jué)中，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)某種值得思考的東西占據(jù)著你的頭腦。祈使句＋and＋陳述句。好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上。Study_hard_and_you_will_make_progress_everyday.考點(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能TobeatrueinventorCanyoudistinguishdiscoveryandinvention?Adiscoveryissaidtobeanaccidentmeetingapreparedmind________?inventionissomethingonefindsthatdidnotexistbefore.Asweknow,inventorsoftenassociatetheirnewideas________?theirnewinventionseon,andyoucanalsoinventyournewthingsjustlikeAlexanderGrahamBellandThomasEdison?.1.①處可填入的詞為while，表示前后對(duì)比，意為“而”。2．②處可填入的詞為with;_它與associate構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)可以用connect...with...;link...to...等來(lái)替換。3．③處的句式結(jié)構(gòu)為“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。1．distinguishvt.&vi.顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別(1)distinguishbetweenAandB 區(qū)分A和Bdistinguish...from... 把……與……區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)distinguishoneselfas 作為……而出名(2)distinguishedadj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor... 因……而出名bedistinguishedas... 作為……而出名[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①It’simportanttodistinguishrealityfromdreams.②Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.③Asfarasweallknow,LangPinghasalreadydistinguishedherselfas_agreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.④Ontheotherhand,ShanghaiMuseum,awell-knownanddistinguished(distinguish)museumathomeandabroad,ismoreprofessionalinholdingpaintingexhibitions.⑤WeallknowthatYuanLongpingisdistinguishedforhisscientificachievements.2．a(chǎn)ssociatevt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系n．同伴，伙伴(1)associate...with... 使……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái)associatewithsb. 與某人交往/聯(lián)系beassociatedwith 與……有關(guān)(2)associationn. 聯(lián)系；聯(lián)盟；協(xié)會(huì)inassociationwith 與……聯(lián)合/有關(guān)聯(lián)[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Ifyouassociatewithpositive-thinkingpeople,youaredefinitelygoingtoachievesuccess.②Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociated(associate)withsmoking.補(bǔ)全句子③Weareworkingin_association_withalocalpanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我們正與一家當(dāng)?shù)毓韭?lián)合為無(wú)家可歸的人籌錢。3．“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句式Follow_it_up,_explore_all_around_it,_andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟蹤下去，不斷探索，不知不覺(jué)中，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)某種值得思考的東西占據(jù)著你的頭腦。(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句＝If...，＋主句(2)祈使句＋or/orelse/otherwise＋陳述句＝If...not...，＋主句(3)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句①Follow_your_doctor’s_advice,_andyouwillgetbettersoon.接受醫(yī)生的建議，你很快就會(huì)好的。②Don’tleaveyourbikehere,or_you_will_be_fined.不要把你的自行車放在這里，否則你會(huì)被罰款的。③A_few_minutes_earlier,_andIcouldhaveseenthefamousscientist.要是早來(lái)幾分鐘的話，我就能見(jiàn)到那位著名科學(xué)家了?？键c(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能TobeatrueinventorIfyoucan’tbear?theinconveniencethatsomethingbringstoyou,youcangetyourselfthroughthedifficultiesandinventsomethingmoreconvenient.Moreimportantly,don’tforgettocallthepatentofficeupbeforeyouapplyforthepatent.Apatentisanexclusiverightgrantedbythegovernmentandcanprotecttheinventor’sinterests.Inthissense,youareatrueinventor.1.①處單詞bear的意思是“忍受”，它的同義表達(dá)還有：stand;_tolerate;_put_up_with等。2．Whatshouldyoudofirstifyouinventsomething？(D)A．Beartheinconveniencebroughtbytheoldthings.B．Getyourselfthroughthedifficulties.C．Inventsomethingmoreconvenient.D．Applytothepatentofficeforthepatent.4．bearvt.忍受；忍耐；負(fù)擔(dān)；承擔(dān)；記?。簧?；結(jié)果實(shí)[練牢基點(diǎn)]寫(xiě)出下列句中bear的含義①WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair？負(fù)擔(dān)；承擔(dān)②Hecan’tbearbeinglaughedatinpublic.忍受③Shedidbearahealthybabyinhospitalyesterday.生育④Someofthenewly-plantedappletreeshavealsobeguntobear.結(jié)果實(shí)[系統(tǒng)考點(diǎn)](1)beardoing/todosth.忍受做某事bearsb./sb.’sdoingsth. 忍受某人做某事(2)bear/keepsth.inmind 記住某事bear/keepinmindthat... 記住……[練通重點(diǎn)]單句語(yǔ)法填空⑤Ican’tbearyoungpeoplecasting_(cast)awaytheiryouth.⑥Pleasebearinmindthatsuccessesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.5．getthrough設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過(guò)；度過(guò)；用完；耗盡[一詞多義]寫(xiě)出下列句中g(shù)etthrough的含義①M(fèi)ynewsecretaryisveryquick.Shegotthroughalotofworkinonemorning.設(shè)法做完②Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.打通③Luckily,thegapinthefencewasjustwideenoughforthesheeptogetthrough.通過(guò)④Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandhadtoaskhismomforsomemore.用完[歸納拓展]get(sth.)across(tosb.) (使某事)被(某人)理解getalongwithsb. 與某人相處；進(jìn)展getawaywithsth. 攜某物潛逃；不因某事受懲罰getdownto(doing)sth. 開(kāi)始做某事；認(rèn)真處理某事getover 熬過(guò)；克服(困難)⑤AccordingtoLee,itwasBen’scarelessnessthataccountedfortheaccident.ButBengot_away_withhiswrongdoing.根據(jù)Lee所說(shuō)的，正是Ben的粗心才導(dǎo)致了那場(chǎng)事故。但是，Ben僥幸逃脫了罪責(zé)。6．callup給……打；使想起[歸納拓展]?calloff 取消；停止進(jìn)行?callfor 要求；呼吁；需要?callat 拜訪(某地)?callon/upon 拜訪(某人)；號(hào)召；需求[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①Thephotocallsupthestoryofmychildhood.這張照片使我想起童年時(shí)代。②Don’tletanythingcalloffyourattentionfromyourstudies.不要讓別的事轉(zhuǎn)移你學(xué)習(xí)的注意力。③Successinschoolcallsformuchhardwork.在學(xué)校的成功需要付出大量的辛勤工作。[單元語(yǔ)基落實(shí)]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thespeechmainlydealswiththetroubleyoungchildrenhavedistinguishing(distinguish)betweenrightandwrong.2．Bearing(bear)aheavyburden,shehastoworkhardtobringupherchildren.3．Weallhaveanexpectation_(expect)thatwecanbeadmittedtoourownidealuniversities.4．Ifweareblindtoourownfaults,wewillnotbeverymerciful_(mercy)towardsothers.5．Wehopethatyouwillacceptourinvitationifitisconvenient_(convenience)foryou.6．Theserviceoffersyoungpeoplepractical(practice)adviceonfindingajob.7．Theexhibitionwasorganizedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.8．Theblindmantapped(tap)hiscaneonthesidewalkandwalkedtothesupermarket.9．Thefatheraswellashisthreechildrengoesskatingonthefrozen(freeze)rivereverySundayafternooninwinter.10．Inmyopinion,onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyandseizing(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.Ⅱ.選詞填空outoforder，hangon，getthrough，ringoff，nowandthen，diveinto，setabout，callup1．Iknowyouaretired,buttrytohang_onaminute.2．WhenIaskedifIwasspeakingtothemanagerhesimplyrang_off.3．Alotofpeopledived_intothelakeinsearchofthelostdiamondring.4．Assoonasshegotintotheclassroom,sheset_about_preparingforthelessons.5．Wewereverygladwhenweheardthatyouhadgot_throughyourexam.6．Icheckedthefilesandsomeofthepaperswereout_of_order.Youhadbettersortthemout.7．ThestudentsgotovisittheirEnglishteachernow_and_thenwhoretiredfromschoollastyear.8．AsIgrewupinasmalltownatthefootofamountain,thevisittothevillagecalled_upscenesofmychildhood.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全(或翻譯)句子1．課堂上認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師講課，否則你就無(wú)法理解老師說(shuō)的是什么。(祈使句＋or＋陳述句)Listen_to_the_teacher_carefully_in_class,_or_you_can’t_catchwhatheissaying.2．白求恩大夫挽救了那么多中國(guó)士兵的生命，以至于他被中國(guó)人永遠(yuǎn)地記住了。(so...that...)DoctorBethune_saved_so_many_Chinese_soldiers’_lives_that_he_was_remembered_byChineseforever.3.除非加以修改，否則這條法律將給農(nóng)民的生活造成困難。(連詞＋分詞)Unless_changed,_thislawwillmakelifedifficultforfarmers.4．這個(gè)世界上對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)似乎沒(méi)有什么是不可能的事情。(thereseem...)There_seems_to_be_nothing_that_seems_impossible_for_him_in_the_world.5．只有所有國(guó)家的人們聯(lián)合起來(lái)，我們才能解決世界上現(xiàn)存的一些問(wèn)題。(only位于句首的倒裝句)Only_if_people_of_all_the_countries_are_united_will_we_be_able_to_solve/can_we_solvesomeexistingproblemsintheworld.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．WeallknowthatHangzhouisfamousfortheWestLake.→WeallknowthatHangzhouis_distinguished_fortheWestLake.2．Butwhenhesetouttodoit,hecametoasuddenawarenessthatnothingissoeasy.→Butwhenheset_about_doing_it,_hecametoasuddenawarenessthatnothingissoeasy.3．Pleaselearnbyheart:Successesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.→Pleasebear_in_mind:_Successesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.4．Thesoundofmusicremindedhimofhishappymemoriesofhischildhood.→Thesoundofmusiccalled_uphishappymemoriesofhischildhood.[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]練(一)語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度(限時(shí)：25分鐘)Ⅰ.完形填空Resealable(可密封的)plasticbags—sometimescalledbyabrandname,suchasZiploc?—arethoselittleclearplasticbagsyouusetokeepyoursandwichesandchipsfresh.Theyusuallyhavesomesortofsealingmechanism,likeaplasticzipper,whichallowsyoutosealthebagtokeep__1__out.Keepingairawayfrom__2__allowsthemtostayfreshlonger.Bacteriaandotherorganismsintheairwill__3__fooditemsovertimeifallowedtoeinto__4__withthem.Sealedplasticbagskeeptheseorganisms__5__gettingtoyourfood.Resealableplasticbagscanbeusedformorethanjust__6__sandwiches,chipsandsnackstoschoolforlunch.They’realsousedtokeepleftovers__7__intherefrigerator.Manypeoplealsousethemto__8__foodinthefreezerforuseinthefuture.The__9__oftheresealableplasticbagstartedoutin1951atapanynamedFlexigrip,Inc.Flexigrip__10__aplasticzipperfrompatentswhichwasboughtfrom__11__BorgeMadsen.Thesezipperswere__12__usedaspartsofbindersandbriefcases.Overtime,__13__，plasticzipperbagsweredeveloped.Eventually,in1968,DowChemicalpany__14__tomarketitsZiploc?brandofresealableplasticbagstogrocerystores.Theyturnedouttobevery__15__.Today,thesetypesofbagsare__16__inmanydifferentsizesandstyles,fromsnackandsandwichbagstocraftandfreezerbags.Youcanalsobuybagswithexpandablebottomsthat__17__ontheirown.Somebagsevenallowyouto__18__foodinthemicrowave!However,nowmanypeopletrytouse__19__plasticbecauseofitseffectontheenvironment.Somanufacturersofresealableplasticbagshavetaken__20__tobeemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了可密封塑料袋的用途及發(fā)展史。同時(shí)指出，為了減少污染，這種塑料袋的生產(chǎn)廠家也采取措施以使他們的產(chǎn)品更加環(huán)保。1．A.air B．waterC．dust D．fog解析：選A由第二段開(kāi)頭的“Keepingairaway”可知，此處指把空氣阻擋在外面。2．A.plants B．containersC．bags D．foods解析：選D根據(jù)下文中的“Bacteriaandotherorganismsintheairwill__3__fooditemsovertime”可知，此處指讓空氣和食物隔離，以便食物保鮮的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)些，故選foods。3．A.bringin B．takeoutC．breakdown D．dealwith解析：選C空氣中細(xì)菌和其他微生物會(huì)分解食物導(dǎo)致食物變質(zhì)。breakdown意為“分解”。4．A.relation B．contactC．connection D．contract解析：選B如果細(xì)菌和其他微生物與食物接觸，食物將會(huì)很快變質(zhì)。contact意為“接觸”；relation意為“關(guān)系”；connection意為“連接”；contract意為“合同”。5．A.from B．a(chǎn)gainstC．through D．beyond解析：選Akeep...from...為固定搭配，意為“阻止……”。6．A.following B．presentingC．supplying D．transporting解析：選D下文中的“toschoolforlunch”說(shuō)明，此處指攜帶食物到學(xué)校。7．A.wet B．freshC．thin D．hard解析：選B根據(jù)句中的“intherefrigerator”及生活常識(shí)可知，它們也被用來(lái)保持剩余的食物新鮮。8．A.store B．cookC．share D．produce解析：選A本段主要介紹可密封塑料袋能用來(lái)保存食物，因此這里指儲(chǔ)存食物。9．A.result B．humourC．history D．success解析：選C根據(jù)下文中的“startedoutin1951atapanynamedFlexigrip,Inc”可知，此處提到這種可密封塑料袋的歷史。10．A.discovered B．developedC．spread D．a(chǎn)pproved解析：選B此處表示買了專利以后，研發(fā)了塑料拉鏈。11．A.writer B．teacherC．doctor D．inventor解析：選D句中patents說(shuō)明，博爾格·馬森是一位發(fā)明家。12．A.eventually B．frequentlyC．originally D．naturally解析：選C根據(jù)下文中的“Overtime,__13__，plasticzipperbagsweredeveloped.”可知，此處談的是塑料拉鏈袋的最初情況，故選originally。eventually意為“終于”。13．A.however B．besidesC．therefore D．otherwise解析：選A最初，塑料拉鏈袋的用途很少，后來(lái)它得到了發(fā)展。此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折。14．A.agreed B．beganC．promised D．preferred解析：選B最后，陶氏化學(xué)公司開(kāi)始將塑料拉鏈袋投入市場(chǎng)。15．A.necessary B．famousC．funny D．popular解析：選D文章介紹了這種塑料袋的發(fā)展。它也很受歡迎。16．A.precious B．expensiveC．a(chǎn)vailable D．fashionable解析：選C根據(jù)“inmanydifferentsizesandstyles,fromsnackandsandwichbagstocraftandfreezerbags”可知，這些袋子有很多不同的尺寸和樣式，在很多地方可以使用。17．A.move B．standC．float D．remain解析：選B根據(jù)句中的“bagswithexpandablebottoms”可知，袋子底部可伸展，因此它能豎起來(lái)。18．A.heat B．tasteC．find D．purchase解析：選A根據(jù)“inthemicrowave”可知，把食物放入微波爐中，為的是給食物加熱。19．A.more B．smallerC．larger D．less解析：選D根據(jù)“becauseofitseffectontheenvironment”可知，人們現(xiàn)在盡量少使用塑料袋。20．A.chances B．stepsC．photos D．orders解析：選B他們已經(jīng)采取措施以使他們的產(chǎn)品更加環(huán)保。takesteps意為“采取措施”。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空Scientistshavediscoveredthat__1__(stay)inthecoldcouldhelpusloseweight.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatexposuretothecoldincreaseslevelsofaproteinthathelpsformbrownfat—thetypeoffatthatproducesheatandkeepsuswarm.Brownfatburnsenergy,__2__helpsusloseweight.Whitefatstoresextraenergy,whichresults__3__weightgain.Theresearcherssaidthatbecauseairconditioningandheatinggiveusconstant,__4__(fort)temperatures,ourbody’sneedforbrownfathasdecreased.Theyfoundthat,“OutdoorworkersinnorthernFinlandwho__5__(expose)tocoldtemperaturehave__6__significantamountofbrownfatwhen__7__(pare)tosame-agedindoorworkers.”Theresearchwasconductedontwodifferentcontrolgroupsofmice.__8__groupwasinjectedwiththeproteinthathelpscreatebrownfat.Thisgrouplatergained30%lessweightafterbothgroupswerefedhigh-fatdiets.Theresearcherssaythiscouldbegoodnewsinthefightagainstobesity(肥胖癥).Peoplewhoareobesehave__9__(low)levelsofbrownfatthanthinnerpeople.HeadresearcherHeiSookSulsaid,“Thisproteincouldbeeanimportanttargetforresearchintothetreatmentandpreventionofobesityandobesity-relateddiseases.”Sheadded,“Ifyoucansomehowincreaselevelsofthisprotein,youcould__10__(possible)losemoreweightevenifeatingthesameamountoffood.”eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)在寒冷的環(huán)境下有助于減肥。)1．staying本句是“主句＋賓語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，從句中couldhelp是謂語(yǔ)部分，故stay是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式表示狀態(tài)。2．which空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞which指代前句話的內(nèi)容。3．inresultin“導(dǎo)致，造成”。故填in。4．fortable此處是和constant并列作temperatures的定語(yǔ)，故用形容詞形式。5．a(chǎn)reexposedexpose是及物動(dòng)詞，句中沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，判斷用被動(dòng)形式。beexposedto“暴露在……之下”，根據(jù)主謂一致原則，填areexposed。6．a(chǎn)asignificantamountof“大量的”。故填a。7．pared此處是“連詞＋分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，pare和句子主語(yǔ)outdoorworkers之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞，填pared。8．One從上文內(nèi)容可知此處指兩組中的一組，因位于句首，故填One。9．lower修飾名詞levels，用形容詞，根據(jù)句中than可知此處用比較級(jí)，故填lower。10．possibly修飾動(dòng)詞lose用副詞形式，故填possibly。練(二)第四部分寫(xiě)作增分專練——練規(guī)范(限時(shí)：40分鐘)Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作假如你校這個(gè)周末舉行60年校慶，校團(tuán)委發(fā)出通知要招聘一批志愿者，要求如下：1．具有為校慶服務(wù)的熱情，能為各方來(lái)賓做好服務(wù)工作；2．對(duì)學(xué)校歷史比較了解，有較好的溝通能力，能作學(xué)校文化的傳播者；3．漢語(yǔ)及英語(yǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，身體健康，周末每天工作8小時(shí)。假設(shè)你是李華，具備以上條件，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封申請(qǐng)信。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．信的格式已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：60年校慶the60thanniversaryofourschoolDearSirorMadam，Yourssincerely，LiHua參考范文：DearSirorMadam，Withtheingofthe60thanniversaryofourschool,I’dliketobeavolunteer.I’lltrymybesttoserveourdistinguishedguestswithenthusiasm.Ihaveagoodunderstandingofourschool.IamsureI’llnotonlyoffergoodservicetotheguests,butI’llalsoactasanexcellentmunicatorofourschool’shistoryandculture.What’smore,Icanspeakstanda