外研版中考英語復(fù)習(xí)第七章冠詞教學(xué)課件

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基于語義的語法知識(shí)篇第七章冠詞考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)圖中考考點(diǎn)回顧考點(diǎn)題型考頻（5年6考）考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容不定冠詞a,an語法選擇4年3考2021,2022,2023：表示第一次提到的人或物4

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短文填空5年1考2019：固定搭配alotof2

定冠詞the單項(xiàng)填空1年1考2019：用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前1

語法選擇4年1考2020：表示上文出現(xiàn)過的人或物3

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單項(xiàng)填空31.______GreatWallisoneofthesevenwondersaroundtheworld.A.The B.A C.An D./考點(diǎn)解析

考查定冠詞用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。故選A。2

短文填空Onthegroundofthevillage，GrandpaHuanghaspainted__78__lotofwell-knownChinesesayings.考點(diǎn)解析

考查不定冠詞的固定搭配alotof(許多)。故填a。3

語法選擇Judie'sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite…Thenextmorning，theytook__38__kitetotheparkandtestedit.A.a B.an C.the D./考點(diǎn)解析

考查定冠詞表示上文出現(xiàn)過的人或物。故選C。4

語法選擇Alongtheriver，thereis__35__eight-kilometer-longwoodenwalkway.A./ B.a C.an D.the考點(diǎn)解析

考查不定冠詞表示第一次提到的人或物，且元音音素前用an。故選C。5

語法選擇Sometimesshewassotiredthatshefeltlikecrying，shewouldfind__38__quietplaceandcriedoutaloud.A.a

B.an C.the考點(diǎn)解析

考查不定冠詞表示第一次提到的人或物，且輔音音素前用a。故選A。6

語法選擇Davidhasbeentomanyspacecampsoverthelasteightyears.Lastmonth,hewentto__36__newspacecamp.A.a

B.an C.the考點(diǎn)解析考查不定冠詞表示第一次提到的人或物，且輔音音素前用a。故選A。考點(diǎn)精講精練考點(diǎn)1不定冠詞a,an1.不定冠詞a與an的區(qū)別(1)a用于以輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前（5年2考）。例abook一本書,aEuropeanlanguage一種歐洲語言（2）an用于以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前（2021.35）。例anoldman一個(gè)老人，anhonestboy一個(gè)誠實(shí)的男孩【注意】(1)以u(píng)開頭的單詞發(fā)音有兩種：當(dāng)u發(fā)ju音時(shí)，前面用a；當(dāng)u發(fā)

音時(shí)，前面用an。例Youmustwearauniformifyouwanttoworkhere.如果你想在這里工作，你必須穿制服。練Theweatherreportsaysit'srainytoday.You'dbettertake________umbrella.an（2）某些以h開頭的單詞要用an，因?yàn)槭鬃帜竓不發(fā)音。例Itwilltakeanhourtowalkthere.走路去那里要一個(gè)小時(shí)。練Myparentsoftentoldmetobe________honestman.我父母經(jīng)常告訴我要做一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。(3)單獨(dú)字母前的a和an的選用請(qǐng)記住一句話“Mr.Lihasonefox.”，這句話里包含的字母前面要用an。例Thereisan“h”anda“d”intheword“hold”.單詞“hold”里有一個(gè)“h”和一個(gè)“d”。練Youmiss________“s”intheword“island”.你在“island”這個(gè)單詞里少寫了一個(gè)“s”。anan2.不定冠詞a,an的用法(1)表示某一類人或物。例Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飛機(jī)是一種能飛的機(jī)器。練______actorisapersonwhoperformsinaplayorfilm.演員是一個(gè)在戲劇或電影中表演的人。An(2)第一次提到的人或物(5年3考)。例Iseeaboyoverthere.Isheyourbrother?我看到那邊有個(gè)男孩。他是你的弟弟嗎？練TheWWFis________environmentalorganization.WWF是一個(gè)環(huán)保組織。an(3)表示數(shù)量“一”，相當(dāng)于one。例IboughtawatchandtwopensformyfatheronFather'sDay.父親節(jié)那天我給我爸爸買了一塊手表和兩支鋼筆。練Theplanwillbereadyin______weekortwo.這個(gè)計(jì)劃將在一兩周內(nèi)做好。a(4)表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于every。例Westudyeighthoursaday.我們一天學(xué)習(xí)8個(gè)小時(shí)。練Youcanwaterthisplantthreetimes________week.你可以給這棵植物一周澆水3次。a(5)用在序數(shù)詞前面，表示“又一；再一”。例Thoughhefailedseventimes,hewantedtotryaneighthtime.雖然他失敗了7次，但他還想再試第8次。練TheshowisfantasticandIcan'twaittowatchit________secondtime.這場(chǎng)演出太精彩了，我迫不及待想看第二遍。a（6）用在某些固定搭配中。例alotof許多（2019.78），afew/little/bit一點(diǎn)兒，aperiodof一段……時(shí)期，haveagoodtime玩得開心，haveacold/fever感冒/發(fā)燒，havealook/rest/walk/talk/try看一看/休息/散步/聊天/試一試，inahurry匆忙()1.—Thesunisshining,andyou'dbettertake_______umbrellawhenyougoout.—OK.It's_______usefulsuggestion. (2023黑龍江龍東)A.an;the B.a;an C.an;aC()2.Thereare60minutesin_______hour. (2023甘肅白銀改編)A.a B.an C.the()3.The31stSummerUniversiade(大運(yùn)會(huì))is_______bigeventforChengdu.(2023四川成都A卷)A.a B.an C.theBA考點(diǎn)2定冠詞the1.表示上文出現(xiàn)過的人或物(2020.38)例Heisgoingtobuyausefulbook.Andthebookisonscience.他打算去買一本有用的書。而且這本書是關(guān)于科學(xué)的。2.表示談話雙方都知道的人或物例Couldyoupleaseopenthedoorforme？你可以幫我把門打開嗎？3.用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物、江河湖海山脈以及由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前例theearth地球，theYellowRiver黃河，theGreatWall長城(2019.31)4.用于指某世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代例inthe1990's/inthe1990s在20世紀(jì)90年代5.用在中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日（即英文名稱含有Festival的節(jié)日）前例ThewholefamilywillgettogetherattheSpringFestival.春節(jié)期間全家人都會(huì)聚在一起。6.用在西洋樂器前例playtheviolin拉小提琴，playthepiano彈鋼琴7.用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫婦倆”,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式例TheSmithsarewatchingTVathome.史密斯一家正在家里看電視。練TheGreens______goinghomeonatrain.格林一家正在回家的火車上。are8.用在形容詞前,表示一類人或物,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式例therich富人，thesick病人，theold老人,theblind盲人，thedead死人練Thewounded______broughttothehospitaljustnow.傷者剛剛被送到了醫(yī)院。9.用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)的前面例Shelivesonthefifthfloor.她住在5樓。練Tome,heis______cutestchildintheworld.對(duì)我來說，他是世界上最可愛的孩子。werethe10.用在帶有定語從句或介詞短語等作后置定語的名詞前，特指某人或某物例HeisthemanthatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天見到的那個(gè)男人。練Canyousee______bookontheteacher'sdesk?你看見講臺(tái)上的那本書了嗎？the11.用在某些固定搭配中(1)“動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體某一部位”結(jié)構(gòu)。例hitsb.onthehead撞到某人的頭，takesb.bythearm抓住某人的手臂(2)其他。例intheafternoon在下午，allthetime一直，atthesametime同時(shí)，bytheway順便說一下，intheend最后，attheendof在……的結(jié)尾，thenumberof……的數(shù)量()1.—WhatdoyouthinkoftheguidebookLonelyPlanet?—Oh,itisreally_______usefulone.Youcanalwaysfind_______informationyouneedwhiletraveling.(2023山東濱州改編)A.a;a B.an;the C.a;theC()2.Jennyorderedahamburgerand_______hamburgerwasnice.（2023吉林）A.a B.an C.the()3.—Whendid______twenty-fourthBeijingWinterOlympicGamestakeplace？—OnFebruary4，2022.(2022湖南郴州)A.a B.an C.the()4.Itisreallyoneof_______mostinterestingmuseumsthatI'veevervisited.A.the B.an C.aCCA考點(diǎn)3零冠詞1.在專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞以及抽象名詞前不加冠詞(1)專有名詞(人名、地名、校名、國家名等)前。例Jack杰克，NewYork紐約,PekingUniversity北京大學(xué),China中國(2)物質(zhì)名詞前。例water水,air空氣(3)抽象名詞前。例music音樂,love愛,hope希望【注意】（1）特指某個(gè)物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞時(shí)前面要加the。例theairintheroom房間里的空氣，theloveheshowstomusic他對(duì)音樂的愛（2）國家名的全稱前要加the。例theUnitedStatesofAmerica(theUSA)美國,theUnitedKingdom(theUK)英國（3）某些物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞前可加a/an，表示“一種；一份；一場(chǎng)……”。例aheavysnow/rain一場(chǎng)大雪/雨，agreatpleasure一種巨大的壓力2.在年份、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)假日以及星期幾前不加冠詞例inJuly在7月，onChristmasDay在圣誕節(jié),onSunday在星期天【注意】(1)特定某一年的季節(jié)前要加the。例Hewasborninthewinterof2005.他出生在2005年的冬天。(2)中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前要加the。例DuringtheSpringFestival，weoftenvisitourrelatives.春節(jié)期間，我們經(jīng)常走訪親戚。3.在學(xué)科、語言、球類、棋類、交通工具以及三餐前不加冠詞(1)學(xué)科、語言前。例studyscience學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué),speakEnglish說英語(2)球類、棋類前。例playsoccer踢足球,playchess下棋(3)與by連用的交通工具前。例bytrain坐火車(4)三餐前。例havebreakfast/lunch/dinner吃早/中/晚餐【注意】特指某餐時(shí)前面要加the;當(dāng)三餐前有修飾詞時(shí)要加a/an。例HowwasthedinneratMr.Smith'shouse？在史密斯先生家里吃的那頓晚餐怎么樣？練I'llmakeyou______bigdinner.我會(huì)為你做一頓豐盛的晚餐。a4.在稱呼語或表示頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞前不加冠詞例CaptainTrentgavehismenafullbriefing.特倫特船長給了他的下屬詳細(xì)的指示。5.名詞前有限定詞時(shí)不加冠詞常見的限定詞有指示代詞(this,that,these,those)、形容詞性物主代詞(my,your,his,her,its,our,their)以及一些不定代詞(some,any,no,every)等。例Thatbluebagismine.那個(gè)藍(lán)色的書包是我的。6.在某些固定搭配中不加冠詞例atlast最后，atonce立刻，atnight在晚上，athome/work/school在家/在工作/在學(xué)校，ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)，sidebyside肩并肩地，gotobed上床睡覺，gotohospital去醫(yī)院看病，yearafteryear一年又一年【拓展】在某些固定搭配中有無冠詞的區(qū)別：infrontof在……的前面（范圍外）inthefrontof在……的前面（范圍內(nèi)）inhospital(生病)住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院里takeplace發(fā)生taketheplace(of)代替attable在吃飯atthetable在桌旁nextyear明年(多用于一般將來時(shí))thenextyear第二年（多用于一般過去時(shí)）onearth究竟ontheearth在地球上()1.China'spandaYaYafinished_______30-daystayinShanghaiafterlandinginChinaandthenwassenttoBeijingZooin_______May. (2023遼寧營口改編)A.a;/ B.a;the C.the;aA()2.Bobismybrother.Helikesplaying_______basketball,buthedoesn'tlikeplaying_______piano. (2023黑龍江綏化)A.the;a B./;the C.an;the()3.Yangzhouis_______cityfullof_______history,cultureandmouthwateringfood. (2023江蘇揚(yáng)州改編)A.the;a B.a;/ C.the;the BBBaanthe/childdifferencedifficult Beforetennis,Wangwasjust__4__ordinary(普通的)boyfromavillage.Butin__5__2016,hewaschosenbyalocalclubasoneof__6__first10localchildrentolearntoplayprofessionaltennis.“Iwasnervousatthebeginningbecausetheoutsideworldwasso__7__frommyhome,”hesaid,addingthattennishashelpedhimmakemorefriendsandget__8__bettereducation.（2023山東濱州改編）an/thedifferenta4.____________ 5.____________6.____________ 7.____________8.____________an/thedifferenta語篇考點(diǎn)專練一、語法選擇主題：中國生肖兔的文化意象難度：★★★建議用時(shí)：7mins InChineseculture,twelvedifferentanimalsareusedtostandfortheChinesebirthyears.2023istheChineseYearoftheRabbit.At__1__beginningof2023,rabbitshavebeenusedforartisticthemesaroundtheworld.()1.A.a B.the C.anBAsaculturalimage(文化意象),rabbitshavebeenindifferent__2__ofart,includingstamps,colorfullightsandexhibitions（展覽）. TheworldwidepopularityoftheChineseRabbitmayhave__3__todowithWesternculture.ForpeopleinEurope,rabbitsmeannewlifeandprosperity(繁榮)as__4__cangivebirthtomanyyoungones.Sotheimageofarabbitiseasilyacceptedbypeopleinthewest.()2.A.form B.form's C.forms()3.A.nothing B.anything C.something()4.A.them B.they C.theirCCB ThroughtheChineseYearoftheRabbit,peoplefromothercountiescanget__5__closerlookintoChineseculture.OnJanuary21,__6__exhibitionwasheldinamuseumintheUStocelebratetheYearoftheRabbitand16excellentChineseartworksonrabbitswereonshow.It__7__visitorsthatrabbitshavebeenapopularartisticthemeinChinasinceancienttimes.()5.A.an B.the C.a()6.A.an B.the C.a()7.A.shows B.showed C.isshowingCABThemuseumhas__8__explainedthemeaningbehindrabbitsinChinatovisitors.Peoplecouldalsolearnaboutthestoriesoftherabbitandthemoonin__9__China. Imagesofthe12Chinese__10__arefuntoeveryone.Theycanhelpwithcommunicationbetweendifferentcultures.(2023山東威海改編)()8.A.too B.either C.also()9.A./ B.a C.the()10.A.animal B.animals C.animal'sCAB二、短文填空主題：中國的火鍋和英國的火鍋難度：★★★建議用時(shí)：7mins 請(qǐng)從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項(xiàng)。thanwhatsurprisingmaketraditionthefoodanhowacompletetaste IarrivedintheUKlastweekendtolearnEnglish.SofarIhavealreadymadeafewfriendsandhadsome__1__Englishfoodthere.Butafterhavinghamburgers,sandwichesandpotatoes,Ithoughtnonecouldbemoredelicious__2__Chinesefood,especiallymyfavorite—huoguo.Youcan'timagine__3__excitedIwaswhenIgottoknowthattherewasgoingtobeafreemealofhotpotto