高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語必修四Unit4Bodylanguage

Unit4Bodylanguage一、單詞表詞匯全查驗(yàn)——運(yùn)用多媒體，提問默寫詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．flightn． 飛行；航班2．cheekn. 面頰3．dashvi. 猛沖；突進(jìn)4．simplyadv. 簡單地；只5．posturen. 姿勢；體態(tài)6．crossroadsn. 十字路口7．frownvi. 皺眉；蹙額[第二屏聽寫]8．misreadvt. 讀錯(cuò)；誤解9．facialadj. 面部的10．fistn. 拳頭11．yawnvi. 打呵欠12．respectfuladj. 恭敬的13．subjectiveadj. 主觀的14．rankn. 等級；軍銜15．cassetten. 磁帶16．employeen. 雇員Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第三屏聽寫]1．greetvi.&vt. 迎接；問候2．representvt. 代表；象征3．dormitoryn. 宿舍4．canteenn. 食堂5．curiousadj. 好奇的6．curiouslyadv. 好奇地7．a(chǎn)pproachvt.&vi. 接近；靠近；走近n. 接近；方法；途徑[第四屏聽寫]8．defendvt. 保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)9．defencen. 防御；保衛(wèi)10．majoradj. 主要的11．misunderstandvt. 誤解；誤會(huì)12．misunderstandingn. 誤解；誤會(huì)13．a(chǎn)dultn. 成人；成年人adj. 成人的；成熟的14．spokenadj. 口語的15．unspokenadj. 未說出口的；非口語的[第五屏聽寫]16．likelyadj. 可能的17．functionn. 作用；功能；職能vi. 起作用；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)18．easen. 安逸；舒適vt. 減輕(痛苦、憂慮)19．a(chǎn)ngern. 怒氣；怒火20．trulyadv. 真實(shí)地；真誠地；真正地21．hugvi.&vt. 擁抱[第六屏聽寫]22．a(chǎn)ssociationn． 社團(tuán)；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想23．falseadj. 錯(cuò)誤的；假的24．statementn. 陳述；說明25．defend_...against 防御；保衛(wèi)……以免受26．be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望……27．in_general 總的來說；通常28．a(chǎn)t_ease 舒適；快活；自由自在29．turn_one's_back_to 背對30．lose_face 丟臉

二、單元核心考點(diǎn)初熱身——提供語境，單元考點(diǎn)自測回顧(一)分類識記單詞——用時(shí)少·功效高識記單詞寫對Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.simplyadv.簡單地；只2.posturen.姿勢；體態(tài)3.crossroadsn.十字路口4.cheekn.面頰5.frownvi.皺眉；蹙額6.facialadj.面部的7.fistn．拳頭8.yawnvi.打呵欠9.respectfuladj.恭敬的10.subjectiveadj.主觀的Ⅱ.寫其形(漢譯英)1.dormitoryn.宿舍2.canteenn．食堂3.spokenadj.口語的4.unspokenadj.未說出口的；非口語的5.likelyadj.可能的6.easen.安逸；舒適vt.減輕(痛苦、憂慮)核心單詞練通1.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches(方法)tothestudyofmathematics.2.LindaandI,representing(代表)ourclass,willtakepartinthecontesttobeheldthisweekend.3.Asyouknow,smokingisoneofthemajor(主要的)causesofcancer,soyou'dbettergiveitup.4.Thefunction(功能)oftheheartistopumpbloodthroughthebody.5.Asa(n)adult(成年人),youshouldberesponsibleforyourowndecisions.6.Thecouplehugged(擁抱)eachotherwhentheyheardtheexcitingnews.7.Weoftenmakefalse(虛假的)impressionthatweunderstandsomethingwhenwedonot.拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.statementn．陳述；說明→statev．陳述；說明2.greetvi.&vt.迎接；問候→greetingn．問候；招呼3.associationn．社團(tuán)；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想→associatevt.把……聯(lián)系起來4.curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇；好奇心5.defendvt.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)→defencen．防御；保衛(wèi)6.misunderstandvt.誤解；誤會(huì)→misunderstandingn．誤解；誤會(huì)7.trulyadv.真實(shí)地；真誠地；真正地→trueadj.真實(shí)的→truthn．真實(shí)；真理；真相[用準(zhǔn)用活]1.Ifyoumisunderstandsomebody,it'slikelytoleadtoamisunderstanding.(misunderstand)2.Thecuriousboylookedattheboxcuriouslyandthenheopeneditoutofcuriosity.(curious)3.Totellyouthetruth,_I'mtrulygratefulforyourhelpingmemakemydreametrue.(true)4.Intimeofwar,lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.(defend)5.Enteringasupermarket,Iwaswarmlygreetedbythegreengrocer.Hischeerygreetingsmademefeelathome.(greet)6.Iwouldn'twanttobeassociatedwiththeillegalassociation.(associate)7.Hestatedtheotherdaythatthestatementwasnotmadebyhim.(state)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)1.表示“主要的；首要的”的形容詞一覽①major主要的；重要的②main主要的③primary主要的；首要的④chief首要的⑤principal主要的2.常見“人體部位及器官”名詞薈萃①cheek面頰②forehead額頭③chest胸部④shoulder肩膀⑤throat喉嚨3.以-e結(jié)尾的形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~集錦①true→truly②possible→possibly③fortable→fortably④entire→entirely⑤plete→pletely⑥fortunate→fortunately

(二)語段串記短語——不枯燥·興趣高先寫對再用準(zhǔn)第一組1.be_curious_about對……感到好奇的2.get_close_to接近；靠近3.as_if好像4.turn_one's_back_to背對5.lose_face丟臉WhenIwenttotheUSAforthefirsttime,I①was_curious_abouteverythingaroundme.Ifounditdifficulttomakemyselfunderstoodonlybyspokenwords.Itlooked②as_ifIhadbeeninanewworld.However,IwasunwillingtomunicatewithothersincaseI③lost_face.第二組1.defend_against防御；保衛(wèi)……以免受2.on_the_contrary相反地3.be_likely_to很可能……；有希望……4.in_general總的來說；通常5.at_ease舒適；快活；自由自在Asisknowntous,peopleusuallymunicatewithothersnotonlybyspokenwordsbutalsobybodylanguage.Whenyoufindyourfriendisdepressed,you'dbetternotignorehim;①on_the_contrary,_youshouldgivehimasmiletocheerhimupandatthatmomentthesmilewillputhim②at_ease.Ifsomeforeignersaskyouthedirections,youcanusebodylanguagetomakehimunderstand.③In_general,_bodylanguageisasimportantasspokenlanguage.?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時(shí)多輸入，用時(shí)順手出)表示“通常；總之”的短語大全(1)“通常；一般而言”①ingeneral通常②generallyspeaking一般說來(2)“總之”①inaword總之②allinall總之③inconclusion總之④inshort/brief總之；簡言之(三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高背原句明句式學(xué)仿寫1.ThefirstpersontoarrivewasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.第一個(gè)到達(dá)的是來自哥倫比亞的托尼·加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭·史密斯。thefirst/last(one/person)todosth.意為“第一個(gè)/最后一個(gè)做某事的人”。張夢雪是在2016年里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得第一枚金牌的中國運(yùn)動(dòng)員。ZhangMengxuewasthefirst_Chinese_athlete_to_win_the_gold_medalin2016RioOlympicGames.2.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheyfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.各種文化背景下人們互致問候的方式不盡相同，身體接觸和相互間距離的程度也并不一樣。notall“并非所有的都……”，表示部分否定。并不是所有人都愿意做這樣的工作，因?yàn)樗鼘τ谟行┤藖碚f太難了。Not_all_are_willing_to_do_such_work,_foritisquitehardforsomeofthem.3.However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelytotouchthem.不過，來自西班牙、意大利或南美等國的人會(huì)站在離別人很近的地方，而且可能會(huì)(用身體)接觸對方。belikelytodosth.“有可能做某事”。如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你很有可能考入理想的大學(xué)。(2014·四川高考書面表達(dá))Ifyoustudyhard,youare_likely_to_be_admitted_toyourdreaminguniversity.考點(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能Iwasthefirsttoarriveatthestadiumthismorningandbeganpracticingbasketball.AfterawhileIapproachedLiPing,myclosefriend,andpattedher________?theshoulder,butsheturnedherbacktome,makingmefeelembarrassed.________，andthereforeIwascurioustoknowwhathadhappened?.Perhapstherewassomemisunderstandingbetweenus.Nomatterwhathappened,Iwoulddefendherfrom________(hurt)?.1.①處應(yīng)填入介詞on。2.能填入②句中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)為__A__。A.ItseemedthatshewasangrywithmeB.Shebehavedasifnothinghadhappened3.③句中所填詞的正確形式為being_hurt。1．a(chǎn)pproachvt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近；找……商量n.接近；方法；途徑；步驟；通道(1)anapproachto... ……的方法/通道/途徑(to為介詞)(2)approachsb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物...beapproaching ……快到了[多角練透]單句語法填空①Alltheapproachestotheairportwereblockedbythepolice.②Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachestofinding(find)workmustchangeaswell.一句多譯隨著教師節(jié)的臨近，今年我們班決定換一種方式舉行一場晚會(huì)來慶祝這個(gè)重要的節(jié)日。③AsTeachers'Daywas_approaching,_ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.④WithTeachers'Dayapproaching,_ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.⑤WithTeachers'Dayaround_the_corner,_ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.⑥AsTeachers'Daywas_drawing_near,_ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“(做)某事的方法”的正確搭配有：①theapproachto(doing)sth.②thewaytodo/of(doing)sth.③themeansof(doing)sth.④themethodof(doing)sth.2．curiousadj.好奇的(1)becuriousabout 對……感到好奇becurioustodosth. 渴望做某事(2)curiosityn. 好奇；好奇心withcuriosity 好奇地from/outofcuriosity 出于好奇(3)curiouslyadv. 好奇地[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語法填空①I'mcuriousto_know(know)howmanysatelliteshavebeensenttospaceuptonow.②Inhighschool,Iwascuriousabouttheputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.③Theyhelpusunderstandsciencesubjectsbetterandarouseourcuriosity(curious)aboutscientificdiscoveries.(2014·浙江高考書面表達(dá))④Suddenlythegirlcalmeddownandbeganlookingallaroundwithcuriosity.⑤Curiously(curious)enough,thesamethinghappenedagainayearlaterexactly.3．defendvt.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)；辯護(hù)(1)defend...from/against 保護(hù)……以免受defendoneself 為自己辯護(hù)；自衛(wèi)(2)defencen. 防御；保衛(wèi)indefenceof 為了保衛(wèi)……[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語法填空①Whenthedogattackedme,Idefendedmyself(I)withastick.②HehasemployedoneoftheUK'stoplawyersto_defend(defend)him.③Somepeoplethinkthatstudentsshouldbetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainst/fromsomeattacks.④Allthepeople,menandwomen,youngandold,werefightingagainstthefloodindefence(defend)oftheirownhomes.4．thefirst/last(one/person)todosth.“第一個(gè)/最后一個(gè)做某事的人”The_first_person_to_arrivewasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.第一個(gè)到達(dá)的是來自哥倫比亞的托尼·加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭·史密斯。(1)當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級等修飾時(shí)或前有thenext,theonly,thelast等時(shí)，常用不定式作后置定語。(2)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞，常見的有：ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等。①IfIhaveanyfurthernews,youwillbethefirstpersonto_know(know)．如果我有進(jìn)一步的消息，你將是第一個(gè)知道的人。②Theabilityto_express(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.表達(dá)思想的能力和思想本身同等重要。③Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptsto_contact(contact)youfailed.在那個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的村子里沒有信號，所有聯(lián)系你的嘗試都沒成功。考點(diǎn)新組合閱讀微技能Asweallknow,peoplefromdifferentcultureshavedifferentbodylanguages.Somehug,________?othersshakehands.Ifyoudon'tunderstandallthedifferencesinbodylanguages,youarelikelytohavemajormisunderstandingwhenmunicating.Ingeneral,havingagoodmandofdifferentbodylanguagesisofgreatuseforustomunicatewithforeignersmoreconveniently?.Sowhenabroad,weshouldknowwearerepresentingourcountryandtrynottoloseface;whileathome,weshouldtrytoputforeignersatease?.1.①處缺一并列連詞，應(yīng)填入while，意為“然而”。2.②句中“havingagoodmandofdifferentbodylanguages”為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作主語；ofgreatuse為“of＋抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，可轉(zhuǎn)化為其相應(yīng)的形容詞形式，即ofgreatuse可替換為very_useful。3.③句中前后兩個(gè)分句中都含有一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句的省略句，均省略了we_are。5．majoradj.主要的；重要的n.專業(yè)vi.主修(1)majorin 主修(2)inthemajority 占大多數(shù)majorityn. 多數(shù);大多數(shù)themajorityof 大多數(shù)……[多角練透]單句語法填空①HehadabitterquarrelwithhisparentsaboutwhathewouldmajorinatStanfordUniversity.②InthatpanyIonceworked,womenworkersareinthemajority.同義替換③Generallyspeaking,ifyoulookattheaudienceataclassicalconcert,mostof(＝the_majority_of)themareovertheageoffifty.通常，如果你看一看古典音樂會(huì)上的觀眾，大多數(shù)是五十歲以上的。6．representvt.代表；象征；表現(xiàn)；描寫；描繪；聲稱(1)represent...as/tobe... 把……描繪成……representsth.tosb. 向某人說明某事representoneselfas/tobe... 自稱是……(2)representativen. 代表adj. 典型的；有代表性的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Intheafternoon,youtogetherwithsomeofourstudentrepresentatives(represent)aregoingtovisittheHaiheRiverandenjoythebeautifulscenerythere.同義替換②Onbehalfof(＝Representing)ourschool,I'mgladtotellyousomethingabouttheseactivities.(2014·陜西高考書面表達(dá))我非常高興代表我們學(xué)校告訴你們有關(guān)這些活動(dòng)的一些事情。補(bǔ)全句子③Sherepresents_her_mother_as/to_bethekindestmotherintheworld.她把她的媽媽描繪成世界上最好的母親。7．ingeneral總的來說；通常(1)asageneralrule 一般而言；通常generallyspeaking 總體而言；一般而言(2)onthewhole＝tosumup 總的來說asawhole 就整體來看；一般地說inaword 總之inshort/brief 簡而言之；總之[多角練透]單句語法填空①Petercanbereallydifficulttodealwiththematterattimeseventhoughhe'sanicepersoningeneral.②Generally(general)speaking,thenumberofthepeoplewhodriveafterdrinkingisonthedecrease.③Asageneralrule,themoreexpensivetheputeris,thebetteritis.補(bǔ)全句子④Weare,in_a_word,_busy.Ridiculouslybusy.總之，我們很忙。忙得不得了。8．a(chǎn)tease舒適；快活；自由自在(1)feel/lookatease 感到/看上去心情放松putsb.atease 使某人放松takeone'sease 休息；輕松一下(2)withease 輕易地；毫不費(fèi)力地(3)easeone'smind 使某人安心easesb.ofsth. 減輕某人的(痛苦、負(fù)擔(dān)等)[多角練透]單句語法填空①Weliveinanagewhenmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.②Ieasedhimofhisdifficultybytellinghimwhattodo.補(bǔ)全句子③Whenyoufeelnervous,you'dbetterlistentosomelightmusictoput_yourself_at_ease.當(dāng)你感到緊張時(shí)，你最好聽一些輕音樂使自己放松一下。9．belikelytodosth.“有可能做某事”However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandare_more_likely_to_touchthem.不過，來自西班牙、意大利或南美等國的人會(huì)站在離別人很近的地方，而且可能會(huì)(用身體)接觸對方。Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.＝It'slikelythat...意為“……做某事是可能的”。單句語法填空①Thatmeansthepriceislikely(like)togodownbecauseofthepetition.②Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelyto_be_improved(improve)．句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,youaremorelikelytodeveloptheabilitytogetonwellwithothers.→Ifyougrowupinalargefamily,it_is_more_likely_thatyoudeveloptheabilitytogetonwellwithothers.[單元語基落實(shí)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theteacheroftenasksustomakeuseofeverychancewegettoimproveourspoken(speak)English.2．Hewaslatetoday.However,histeacherforgavehimashewasthefirstto_arrive(arrive)atschoolingeneral.3．Shestaredathishusbandwithanger(angry),sayingthatshewouldneverforgivehim.4．Sheisnotanoutgoingpersonandshedoesn'tletanyoneknowwhatshetruly(true)felt.5．Muchtohisdelight,thetopstudentwillrepresenthisschoolto_make(make)aspeechatthemeeting.6．Being_misunderstood(misunderstand)byotherswhenyoudonothingwrongatallisquiteabadexperience.7．Withthesummervacationapproaching(approach),heiswonderingwhattododuringthistime.8．Thetreesplantedattheendofthe1990shavebeeapowerfuldefence(defend)againstthestrongwind.9．(2017·天津高考單選)Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.10．Hismindwasateaseandhefeltconfidentaboutthefuture.11．Itisgoodtobecuriousabouttheworldaroundyoubecausecuriosity(curious)isthebestteacher.12．Ingeneral,trafficaccidentsmayhappenatthecrossroads.13．Thelibraryisfunctioningasatemporaryhospitaltocopewithpeopleinjuredintheearthquake.14．SheisinPekingUniversity,majoring(major)inEnglishLiterature.15．Anothermonwayofgreeting(greet)inChineseistostatewhatsomebodyisdoing.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．HewascuriousaboutAustraliancities,sohereadthebookwrittenbyDr.Johnson.→Curious_about_Australian_cities,_hereadthebookwrittenbyDr.Johnson.(形容詞短語作狀語)2．Whenweapproachedthecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.→Approaching_the_city_center,_wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語)3．Hehashiredalawyertodefendhimagainsthisaction.→Hehashiredalawyerin_defence_ofhisaction.(defence)Ⅲ.一句多譯1．面對危險(xiǎn)，并非所有的人都能保持冷靜。①Not_all_the_people_can_keep_calminthefaceofdanger.②All_the_people_cannot_keep_calminthefaceofdanger.2．隨著高考的臨近，我們壓力很大。①With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching,_weareundergreatstress.(with;approach)②As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_draws_near,_weareundergreatstress.(as;draw)3．告訴媽媽這個(gè)消息是非常必要的。①Telling_mother_the_newswasquitenecessary.(v.-ing作主語)②It_was_quite_necessary_to_tellmotherthenews.(it作形式主語)4．如果你繼續(xù)吸煙，你的身體健康可能會(huì)受到損害。①Youare_likely_to_sufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.②It_is_likely_thatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.5．你工作越努力，越有可能成功。①Ifyouworkharder,youare_more_likely_to_succeed.②Theharderyouwork,the_more_likely_you_are_to_succeed.[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時(shí)：30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·山東省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)TheScottishposerEvelynGlennielostnearlyallherhearingasayounggirl,yetwentontoaverysuccessfulcareerinmusicincludingwinningGrammyawards.Whensomebodyasksher，“Howdoyouhear？”Sheresponds,“Howdoyouhear?Isitonlywithyourears？”ForGlennie,andforustoo,listeningisnotonlyhearing,butisunderstanding.Weneedtolistentowhatissaidandunsaid,andalsohowitissaid.It'simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.AsMarkTwainsaid，“Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandthelightningbug(螢火蟲)．”Ifyoumisssomethingoryou'renotsureyou'veheardaccurately,askthespeakers.Atthispointyou'renotevaluatingwhattheysay,butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.Herearesomewaystogetclearaboutwhattheysayanddon'tsay.Whyaretheysayingthisnow,insteadofsoonerorlater?Whyaretheyemphasizingthesepoints,insteadofsomethingelse?Listentohowitissaid.Peoplesendsignalsaboutwhattheymeanwiththeirvoicesandbodylanguagethatsometimesdifferfromthewordstheysay.Whilegoingthroughthenextpoints,thinkaboutsomeonewhoserealmeaningyoumightsometimesmiss,andseeifanyofthesesignalsmighteup.First,voices.Whenothersspeak,noticechangesintheirvolume,pace,andtone.Second,bodylanguage.Noticegestures,eyecontact,andfacialexpressions.Dothesesyncwhattheyaresaying,ordotheytelladifferentstory?Third,emotions.Whatisthepersontruefeeling?Nowyoumightnotknowforsure,butbeconsiderate,opentounderstanding,andaskthoughtfulquestions.語篇解讀：本文講述了聆聽的內(nèi)涵。我們要聽懂說話人想要表達(dá)的言外之意，并且要注意說話方式。1．What'sthewriter'spurposeofmentioningEvelynGlennie?A．Togiveanexampleofwisewords.B．Tointroduceaworld-famousmusician.C．Tohelpexplainthemeaningoflistening.D．Toencourageustofightagainstdisability.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ForGlennie,andforustoo,listeningisnotonlyhearing,butisunderstanding.”可知，對于Glennie和“我們”來說，聆聽不僅是用耳朵聽而且是理解，這里說明了聆聽的內(nèi)涵。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。2．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatMarkTwainsaid?A．ItisimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishwords.B．Peopleshouldknowwordscanbeusedinmanydifferentways.C．Englishisaveryplicatedlanguagewithalargevocabulary.D．Theslightdifferencebetweenwordsmayresultinmisunderstanding.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“It'simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.”和“Atthispointyou'renotevaluatingwhattheysay,butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.”可知，準(zhǔn)確聽懂說話者的意思很重要。因此，選項(xiàng)D“詞語的細(xì)微差異可能導(dǎo)致誤解”與MarkTwain所說的話意思相吻合。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sync”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Match. B．Prove.C．Describe. D．Analyze.解析：選A詞義猜測題。畫線詞前的修飾詞these指代前一句中的“gestures,eyecontact,andfacialexpressions”；再根據(jù)畫線詞后的“whattheyaresaying,ordotheytelladifferentstory”可推斷，match與畫線詞意思相近。故選A。4．Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．SpeakWhileYouListen B．ListenBeyondWordsC．ReadBetweenLines D．ThinkasYouTalk解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要說明通過觀察說話人的說話方式來聽懂說話人想表達(dá)的言外之意。所以選B。B(2018·紹興一中一模)StudentsatHarvardthistermhavebeendoingsomethingforthefirsttimeintheuniversity'slonghistory.Theypromisenottocheat,ormorespecifically,tosignuptoanhonorcodeinwhichtheypromisetosticktovaluesofacademicintegrity(學(xué)術(shù)誠信).Itmeansstudentsatthewell-knownUSuniversityhavetopromisenottocheatinexams.BrettFlehinger,aprofessoratHarvard,saysstudentsnowwritetheirown“personalresponse”tothehonorcodebeforestartingterm,repeattheirpromisewhenregisteringandthenagainbeforetakingexams.Harvard'sadoptionofanhonorcodefollowsawidely-knowncheatingeventin2012.Ononeexampaper,morethanahundredstudentswereinvestigatedandabout70laterfacedpunishment.Anannualsurveywasconductedbythestudentnewspaper,theHarvardCrimson.Thesurvey,basedonasampleofmorethan70%ofnewstudents,alsoaskedaboutcheating.Itfound9%admittedtohavingcheatedinanexam.Therewereotherswhohadcheatedinhomework,academicworkandotherassignments.Sowillstudentsbestoppedfromcheatingbyapromise?AstudypublishedinOctoberbytheUSNationalBureauofEconomicResearchfound“strongevidence”ofcheatingfromatleast10%ofstudents.“Itisnotsurprisingthatstudentscheat—theyhaveenoughreasonstodoso,andthelikelihoodofgettingcaughtislow，”concludedthestudy.“Whatisperhapsmoresurprisingisthatsolittleeffortisdevotedtocatchingcheatingstudents.”Wouldanhonorcodemakeadifference?SirCaryCooper,aprofessoratManchesterBusinessSchool,says,“Idon'tthinkitactuallystopsthecheatingthatmuch.Auniversitywillhaveitbecauseitgivesspecificmoralguidanceaboutwhatisincorrectbehavior.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。哈佛大學(xué)為了防止學(xué)生在考試中作弊，在注冊和考試前讓學(xué)生簽署誠信守則，以此來提升學(xué)術(shù)誠信度。5．What'sthemainpurposeofHarvard'shonorcode?A．Tospreadknowledge.B．Topreventstudentscheatinginexams.C．Topunishstudentscheatinginexams.D．Tointroduceresultsoffailingintheexams.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句及第一段內(nèi)容可知，哈佛大學(xué)的誠信守則的主要目的是防止學(xué)生考試作弊。故選B。6．WhatmadeHarvard'shonorcodeappear?A．ThesurveybytheHarvardCrimson.B．AlotofHarvard'sstudents'suggestions.C．TheinfluencefromtheotherUSuniversities.D．AnumberofHarvard'sstudents'cheatinginexams.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句及第三段內(nèi)容可知，作弊事件迫使哈佛大學(xué)采用誠信守則制度。故選D。7．WhatdoweknowaboutthenewstudentsofHarvard?A．Nobodyadmittedhavingcheatedinexams.B．Someofthemcheatedinacademicwork.C．Allofthemcheatedonhomework.D．Theydidn'tcheatinexams.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句及第四段內(nèi)容可知，一些哈佛新生曾在學(xué)術(shù)作業(yè)中作弊過。故選B。C(2018·福州五校第一次聯(lián)考)ThereisapopularsayingintheEnglishlanguage：“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverhurtme.”Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords,name-callingoreventheso-called“thesilenttreatment”canhurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysicallyhit,sometimesevenmoreso.Arecentstudyofmiddleschoolchildrenshowedthatverbal(言語的)abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain.ThestudywasaprojectofresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchoolinMassachusetts.ResearcherMartinTeicherandhisteamstudiedyoungadults,aged18to25.Theseyoungmenandwomenhadnoteverbeentreatedinacruelorviolentwaybytheirparents.Theresearchersaskedtheyoungpeopletoratetheirchildhoodexposuretoverbalabusefrombothparentsandotherchildren.Thentheresearchersperformedimagingtestsonthebrainsofthesubjects.Theimagesshowedthatthepeoplewhoreportedsufferingverbalabusefrompeersinmiddleschoolhadunderdevelopedconnectionsbetweentheleftandrightsideofthebrain.Thetwosidesofthebrainareconnectedbyalargebundleofconnectingfiberscalledthecorpuscallosum.Thiswastheareathatwasunderdeveloped.Themiddleschoolyearsareatimewhenthesebrainconnectionsaredeveloping.So,unkind,hurtfulmentsfromchildrenoradultsduringthisperiodhavethegreatesteffect.Theresearcherstestedthementalandemotionalconditionofalltheyoungpeopleinthestudy.Thetestsshowedthatthissamegroupofpeoplehadhigherlevelsoffear,depression,angeranddrugabusethanothersinthestudy.TheresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsonlineontheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry'swebsite.Parentscannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplesaytotheirchildren,buttheycanpreparetheirchildren.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。馬薩諸塞州哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，語言暴力會(huì)干擾大腦神經(jīng)的連接，對孩子的大腦發(fā)育造成不良影響。8．Whydoestheauthorusethepopularsayingatthebeginning?A．Toshowthepowerofwords.B．Tointroduceanoppositeview.C．Toprovetheauthor'sargument.D．Toshowancientpeople'swisdom.解析：選B作者意圖題。引用名人名言、諺語等是文章開篇的常見寫作方式，且大多用來引出文章的話題。但是根據(jù)此諺語后面的“Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords...sometimesevenmoreso.”可知，本文引用這個(gè)諺語恰恰是為了引出一個(gè)不同的或者說是相反的觀點(diǎn)，故選B。9．Whatwillbediscussedinthenextparagraph?A．mentsonthefindings.B．Approachestofurtherstudies.C．Suggestionstoparents.D．Differentopinionsonthematter.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者接下來應(yīng)該會(huì)就“父母如何幫助自己的孩子為可能遭受的語言暴力做好準(zhǔn)備，使他們不會(huì)受到語言暴力的影響”給出一些方法或建議。故選C。10．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thewaywespeakmatters.B．Verbalviolenceshouldbestopped.C．Unkindwordshurtthebrain.D．Wordsareworsethansticksandstones.解析：選C主旨大意題。文章介紹了語言暴力對孩子的不良影響，再根據(jù)文中的“verbal(言語的)abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain”可以看出，其影