puberty-girls-complete-女生青春期英文介紹

Herewewilltalkabout:Whatispuberty?Whenchangeshappentogirls?Whatarethesexorgans?Whatareperiodsandwhydotheyhappen?Formoreinformationyoucanvisit:What’sHappening?WhatisPuberty?Itisthetimewhenourbodieschangetowardan

adultbody.StarttodevelopnewfeelingsandinterestsStarttomakespermcellsorstarttomakeeggcellsThecellsnecessarytomakeanewhuman:WhatisPuberty?Egg+Sperm=BabyWewilltalkaboutthechangesthat

happenthatotherscansee.

Andchangesthatareprivate.

Whenwetalkaboutthesethings

itisnormaltofeelComfortableCuriousEmbarrassedDisgustExcitedShyWhendochangeshappen?Anywherebetween8and17.Mostpeoplebeginbetweentheagesof10and14.Whenyoustartmakesnodifferencetohowyoudevelop.Noageisbetteranyotherone.Forsome,mostofthechangeshappeninafewyears.Forsome,changeshappenslowlyoverlotsofyears.Whendochangeshappen?Thisisnormal.Whatchangeshappentogirls?GettallerandheavierBonesgrowbiggerandheavierHipsgetwiderandmorecurvyFacechangesshapeVoicegetsalittledeeperHairgrowsunderthearmpits,aroundthegenitals(pubichair)HaironarmsandlegsgrowsdarkerBreastsandnipplesgetlargerBodysweatsmoreInternalandexternalsexorgansgrowMayhavemoodswings,sexualthoughtsandfeelingsWhatchangeshappentogirls?Whatcausesthesechanges?Hormones–chemicalmessengersthattravelinthebloodstreamfromtheplacewheretheyaremade(calledglands)totheplacewheretheydotheirwork.Eachhormonehasaspecificjob.Thepituitarygland,deepinsideyourbrain,getsthingsstarted.Itsendsouthormonestooursexorganstogetthemtostartmakingsexhormones.

Itisthesexhormonesthatmakethechangesthatcausechildren’sbodiesgrowintoadultbodies.Bothboysandgirlsmakethesamesexhormones.Themainonesaretestosteroneandestrogen.Boysmakelotsoftestosterone,notsomuchestrogen.Girlsmakelotsofestrogen,notsomuchtestosterone.Whatcausesthesechanges?WhatwillIlooklikewhenIgrowup?Thatdependsmostlyonyourheredity,thegenesyougotwhenaneggcellandaspermcellfromyourbirthparentscametogethertomakethecellsthatdevelopedintoyou.WhatwillIlooklikewhenIgrowup?Genesmostlydeterminehowtallyouwillgrow,thecolourofyourhair,thesizeandshapeofyourbreastsandyouroverallbodyshape.Otherthingsthataffectourbodyarethefoodsweeat,howactiveweareandhowmuchsleepweget.Whatarethesexorgans?Thesepartsarealsocalledthereproductiveorgansandgenitals.Thepartsontheoutsideare:VulvaTheareaofsoftskinbetweenafemale’slegs.ClitorisSmallorganmadeofnervesandtissue.Atthetopwherethelipsjoin.Onlythetipisontheoutside,therestishiddeninside.Sensitivetotouch.Canfeeltinglyandpleasurable.

LabiaSoftfoldsofskinthatcovertheinnerpartsGrowdarkerandbiggeratpuberty.UrethraNotasexorgan.Tinyopeningthaturinecomesoutfromthebladder.Vaginalopening

Entrancetothevagina.Hymen

Thinpieceofskinthatmaycoverpartoftheopeningtothevagina.Oftensmallormissing.AnusBetweenthetwocheeksofthebuttocks.Itiswherebowelmovementscomeout.Whatarethesexorgans?Thepartsontheinsideare:UterusSometimescalledthewomb.Muscularorganaboutthesizeofapear.Wheredevelopingbaby,calledafetus,growsandisfed.Wheretheperiodcomesfrom.VaginaWarm,soft,moistpassagewayjoiningoutsideanduterus.Fallopiantubes

Narrowtubesbetweentheuterusandtheovary.OvariesGlandsthatmakeeggcellsandfemalesexhormones.Cervix

Thelowerpartoftheuterus.Makesmucustokeepspermalive.Hasopeningwherespermenteruterusandwherethebabycomesoutoftheuterus.Thepartsontheinsideare:Girlsarebornwithhundredsofthousandsoftinyeggs,calledova–oneiscalledanovum.Theseeggcellsareonlyhalfformed.Atpuberty,hormonestelltheovariesitistimetostartreleasingova.Usuallyoneeggatatimematures(develops)andisreleasedfromanovary.Sowhatareperiodsandwhydotheyhappen?Atthesametime,theuterusstartstogrowathickliningontheinsidewall.Thelininghaslotsoftinybloodvessels.Theliningistheretoprotectandfeedaneggthathascombinedwithaspermtoformafertilizedegg.Sowhatareperiodsandwhydotheyhappen?Ifaneggdoesnotmeetasperm,theliningisnotneeded.Itbreaksup.Mixedwithsomeblooditcomesouttheuterusintothevaginaandthenoutthevaginalopening.Thisiscalledmenstruationbutlotsoffemalesjustcallittheirperiod.Ifawomanisnotpregnantthenherovarywillreleaseanotheregg,theliningbuildupand,iftheeggisnotfertilized,shehasanotherperiod.Thisiscalledthemenstrualcycle.Sowhatareperiodsandwhydotheyhappen?Howdogirlsfeelabouthavingperiods?NervousScaredExcitedCuriousWeirdMatureAllfeelingsarenormalWhenwillIgetmyperiod?Noonecantellexactlywhenitwillstart.Manygirlsgetsomewhiteoryellowstuffontheirunderwear.Itismucusandtellsthegirlthatherperiodiscomingsometimewithinthenextyear.Howlongwillthebleedinglast?Eachfemaleisdifferent.Itcanvaryfrom3–8days.Duringaperiodweonlyloseafewtablespoonstoabouthalfacupofbloodinthattime–notalot.HowoftenwillIgetaperiod?Atfirsttheremaynotbeanypatterntowhenyouwillgetyournextperiod.Somewomenneverhavearegularpattern.Mostwomeneventuallyhavearegularcycle–theyknowapproximatelywhentheirnextperiodwillhappen.Thelengthofacycleisfromthefirstdayofbleedingonemonthtothefirstdayofbleedingthenexttimeithappens.Eachpersonisdifferentsosomewomenmayhaveaperiodevery23days,someevery28daysandsomeevery35days.Lotsofgirlskeepacalendar

tohelpthemkeeptrackofwhentheyhavetheirperiod

andhowlongitlasts.Willithurt?Thebleedingislikeanosebleed–wedon’tknowitishappeninguntilwebecomeawarethatwehavebloodonourunderwear.Somegirlsgetcramps–tightpainsaroundtheuterus–beforeandforadayortwoduringtheirperiod.Somegirlsgetcrampseveryperiod,someonceinawhileandsomenever.Ifyougetthem,talktoyourmomoranotherwomanaboutwhattodoforthem.WillpeopleknowwhenIgetmyperiod?Notunlessyoutellthem.Thebloodusuallydribblesoutabitatatime,itdoesn’tgushoutinapuddle.WhatdoIdowhenIgetmyperiod?Femalesusepadsortamponstocatchthebloodthatcomesfromthevagina.Sanitarypadsaremadeofmaterialthatabsorbstheblood.Mosthaveastickystripononesidetoholdthepadtotheunderwear.Padscomeinavarietyofsizesandshapes.Atamponisasmallplugofmaterialthatfitsinsidethefemale’svaginatoabsorbtheblood.Somegirlsliketousetampons,especiallyiftheyaredoingphysicalactivities.Somegirlsonlyusepads.Itisuptoyou.WhatdoIdowhenIgetmyperiod?PeoplesayyougetPMSwithperiods.WhatisitandwillIgetit?PMSstandsforpremenstrualsyndrome.Somefemalesstarttofeelweepy,“headachy”andbloated.Beforeandwhentheirperiodcomes.Ithappensbecausethehormonesarechanging.SomefemalesneverhavePMS.Everyoneisdifferent!Ifthishappenstoyoutalktoanadultyoutrust.SowhataboutBreasts?Lotsofgirlsfeelnervouswhentheirbreastsstarttogrow,othergirlsarethrilled.Willtheybetoobigortoosmall?,Willtheybethe

rightshape?YES-finallythey

aregrowing!Yourgenesdeterminethesizeandshapeofbreasts.Thesizedoesnotaffecthowmuchmilkamothercanmaketofeedababy.Thefirstthingyoumaynoticeisabumpbehindthenipple.ThentherewillbeswellingunderneathThenipplearegetsdarker.Breastsgrowslowlyandonesidemaybebiggerforawhile.Theymayfeelsoreattimeswhiletheyaredeveloping.SowhataboutBreasts?DoIhavetowearabra?Thatisuptoyou.Somegirlsneverwearbras.Somegirlsfeelmorecomfortablewearingone.I’mworriedthatIwillgetfatwhenIgothroughpuberty.CanIstopit?Females’bodyshapechangesandhipswidentomakemorespaceforafetustodevelop.Atpuberty,bothguysandgirlsgainweightanddevelopdifferentstrengths.Guysputonmoremuscle.Comparedtoagirlofthesameheight,weightandbuild,theguymaybeabletoliftmoreweightandrunfaster.Girlsbuildup“adiposetissue”–fat,whichisenergystoredinourbodyinourupperarms,breasts,thighsandbuttocks.Energyisneededforbreastfeedingandlookingafteranewbornchild.Girlscansurvivethings,likehungerandextremeheatandcold,betterthanaguyofhersize.I’mworriedthatIwillgetfatwhenIgothroughpuberty.CanIstopit?Whataboutfeelings?Bothgirlsandguyscanex