2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)突破專題四需要變形的名詞形容詞和副詞第二講形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)一形容詞和副詞的詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

考點(diǎn)一形容詞和副詞的詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1．形容詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律類別例詞名詞詞尾加-yrain→rainy，cloud→cloudy，luck→lucky，health→healthy，sleep→sleepy，wealth→wealthy動(dòng)詞詞尾加-(e)dlearn→learned，gift→gifted,talent→talented，advance→advanced，excite→excited動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ingchallenge→challenging，surprise→surprising,convince→convincing,frighten→frightening名詞詞尾加-ful/-lessmeaning→meaningful/meaningless,care→careful/careless,help→helpful/helpless，harm→harmful/harmless，colour→colourful/colourless，thank→thankful/thankless，peace→peaceful/peaceless，use→useful/useless，home→homeless名詞或動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ableaccept→acceptable，comfort→comfortable，knowledge→knowledgeable，respect→respectable，reason→reasonable名詞詞尾加-ousdanger→dangerous，courage→courageous，humour→humorous名詞詞尾的-ce變?yōu)?tconfidence→confident，difference→different名詞詞尾加-almusic→musical,person→personal，nation→national，education→educational，tradition→traditional名詞詞尾加-lyfriend→friendly,week→weekly，love→lovely名詞詞尾加-enwood→wooden,wool→woolen動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ive/-ativeattract→attractive,talk→talkative，prevent→preventive，protect→protective其他常見(jiàn)變化energy→energetic,fool→foolish，pleasure→pleasant/pleased，science→scientific[以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的名詞變成形容詞時(shí)，要雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny,fun→funny等)；以e結(jié)尾的名詞要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy,ice→icy,taste→tasty等)]【點(diǎn)津】區(qū)分-ed形容詞與-ing形容詞的具體方法：(1)-ing形容詞主要用于修飾物或事，表示事物的性質(zhì)特征，常譯為“令人……的”。(2)-ed形容詞通常用于說(shuō)明人的感受，常譯為“感到……的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)人自身的情感波動(dòng)；修飾事物時(shí)，則多修飾smile(微笑),feeling(感覺(jué)),appearance(外貌),cry(哭),face(面部表情),voice(聲音),mood(情緒),look(表情)等表示人的情緒狀況的名詞。2．副詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律類別例詞形容詞＋后綴-lyclear→clearly,great→greatly，loud→loudly，sudden→suddenly，sincere→sincerely，shy→shyly以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i再加-lyhappy→happily，heavy→heavily，angry→angrily，lucky→luckily，noisy→noisily詞尾為-ble/-le的形容詞，去e再加-yterrible→terribly，possible→possibly，gentle→gently，probable→probably，comfortable→comfortably，responsible→responsibly，suitable→suitably(例外：whole→wholly)詞尾為-ue的形容詞，去e再加-lytrue→truly詞尾為-ll的形容詞，直接加-yfull→fully，dull→dully詞尾為-ic的形容詞，加-allybasic→basically,scientific→scientifically，specific→specifically，automatic→automatically即時(shí)演練(一)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingusastonished(astonish)．2．Walkingalongatrailintheshadowyforest,Isawvarious(variety)plantsthathavestartedtoturnreddish.3．Theyaremakingthespaceexperienceaccessible