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湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市四區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期
3月調(diào)研考試(一模)
英語試題
第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
略
第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Theyear2023sawawidevarietyofTVandinternetvarietyshowsinChina,offering
amazingentertainmenttoaudiences.Hereare4popularvarietyshowsoftheyear.Ifsnevertoo
latetostartenjoyingthem.
BecomeaFarmer(Feb.-Jul.,iQIYI)
Thefarming-themedrealityshowtookChinesesocialmediabystorm,shiningaspotlighton
agriculture.InanefforttoconnectyoungurbanChinesewiththeagriculturalindustry,theshow
invites10youngmenfromvariousfieldstoexperiencelifeonthefarmland.
GreatEscapeSeason5(May-Sept.,MangoTV)
Thisrealityshowhastakenviewersonanimmersivejourney.Itenlistedwell-known
celebrities,whofacedchallengeswithinintricatelydesignedescaperooms.Theyhadtosearchfor
hiddenclues,solvepuzzlesanddeciphercodesto.unlocktheroomsinwhichtheyaretrapped.
TheBigBand3(Aug.-Oct,iQIYI)
TheBigBand3showcasesvariousmusicalgenreswith27bandsfromChina.Inthe
2023edition,folkChinesemusicianstookcenterstage,withnotableperformancesbyWayinafrom
GuangxiandAndaUnionfromInnerMongolia.
CallMebyFire,Season3(Aug.-Nov.,MangoTV)
Featuringalineupof32maleentertainers,thisseasonshowcasedperformancesinbothgroup
andsoloformats,withparticipantsranginginagefrom27to55.Throughouttheseason,the
participantsshowcasedtheirversatilitybyexploringvariousformsofartisticexpression,including
singing,dancingandacting.
1.Whichshowwillmakeaudiencesfeelimmersive?
A.BecomeaFarmer.B.TheBigBand3.
C.CallMebyFire,Season3.D.GreatEscapeSeason5.
2.WhatdoBecomeaFarmerandCallMebyFire,Season3haveincommon?
A.Theycentreonfarming.
B.TheywereproducedbyiQIYL
C.Theirparticipantsaremale.
D.Theyshowcasevariousmusicalgenres.
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethefourshows?
A.Theymadeahitin2023.
B.Theyfeaturedwell-knowncelebrities.
C.Theywereairedinthefirsthalfof2023.
D.Theyshowcasedvariousmusicalperformances.
【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2023年在中國(guó)流行的四檔電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜藝節(jié)
目,提供了這些節(jié)目的簡(jiǎn)要概述和特點(diǎn)。
K答案U1.D2.C3,A
[1題詳析]
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreatEscapeSeason5下的“Thisrealityshowhastakenviewersonan
immersivejourney」這個(gè)真人秀節(jié)目讓觀眾們身臨其境)”可知,GreatEscapeSeason5這個(gè)真
人秀節(jié)目讓觀眾沉浸其中。故選D項(xiàng)。
【2題詳析】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BecomeaFarmer下的"InanefforttoconnectyoungurbanChinesewiththe
agriculturalindustry,theshowinvites10youngmenfromvariousfieldstoexperiencelifeonthe
farmland.(為了將中國(guó)的城市年輕人與農(nóng)業(yè)聯(lián)系起來,節(jié)目邀請(qǐng)了10位來自不同領(lǐng)域的年輕
男人體驗(yàn)農(nóng)田生活)”以及CallMeByFire,Season3下的“Featuringalineupof32male
entertainers,thisseasonshowcasedperformancesinbothgroupandsoloformats,withparticipants
ranginginagefrom27to55.(這一季共有32名男藝人參加,他們的年齡從27歲到55歲不等,
有團(tuán)體表演和個(gè)人表演)”可知,BecomeaFarmer邀請(qǐng)的是10名來自不同領(lǐng)域的年輕人體驗(yàn)
農(nóng)田生活,而CallMeByFire,Season3的特色是32位男性藝人的表演。因此,這兩個(gè)節(jié)
目的共同點(diǎn)是參與者都是男性。故選C項(xiàng)。
【3題詳析】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Theyear2023sawawidevarietyofTVandinternetvarietyshowsin
China,offeringamazingentertainmenttoaudiences.Hereare4popularvarietyshowsoftheyear.
Ifsnevertoolatetostartenjoyingthem.(2023年,中國(guó)出現(xiàn)了各種各樣的電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜藝節(jié)目,
為觀眾提供了令人驚嘆的娛樂。以下是今年最受歡迎的4檔綜藝節(jié)目。開始享受它們永遠(yuǎn)不
會(huì)太遲)”可知,這四檔節(jié)目都是2023年的熱門節(jié)目。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
Differentfromregularconcerts,roadsideconcertsinGuiyang,capitalcityofsouthwest
China'sGuizhouProvince,allowpeopletoimmersethemselvesinmusic.Withoutticketsor
fences,youngpeopleheldhandstogether,singinganddancing.Videosshowingtheirrelaxingand
cheerfulperformanceswentviralafterbeingpostedonsocialmedia.
Fromcommonpeopletostars,musicbringspeopletogether."Whethertheyareordinary
peopleorstars,whensteppingontothesmallstagebytheroad,theycanenjoythejoyofmusic
together,saidZhouWenjia,deputyheadofthepublicitydepartmentofYunyanDistrict.
SunGuang,headofNanmingDistricfsculturalandtourismbureauinGuiyang,becameahit
fortheroadsideconcert.
“Ihaveamusicdream,saidSun,whooncetookpartinnationalcompetitionsand
performedonstageinBeijing.Butforbeingbusywithhiswork,hesawhisguitarcoveredindust.
Whileseeingtheflowingcrowds,Sunsignedupinsecret,putonhisleatherjacketandsunglasses,
andstoodonhisbelovedstage.
Butperhapsbecauseofhiswonderfulperformance,someaudiencerecognizedhim.When
singingonthestageforthethirdtime,ashortvideoshowinghisperformancebecameahitonline
andreceivednearly1millionviews,whichputhimatalossforatime.
QingyunMarket,oneofthevenuesofroadsideconcerts,isafamoustouristattractionin
Guiyangwhichsellsnightsnacksandlocalculturalandcreativeproducts.Withthepopularityof
concerts,themarkethasbecomeanimportantenginetoboostthecity'seconomy.
“Roadsideconcertsnowhavebecomeanimportanteconomicbooster,andIcouldbea
promoter.Thisisagoodcombinationofmyhobbiesandduties,9,saidSun.
Asroadsideconcertscontinuetogainsteam,musichasbecomeadrivingforcefor
consumption.Guiyanghasmadeitclearthatroadsideconcertswillcontinuetorequirezerotickets,
zerobusiness,andzerodistancefromthepeople,withanaimtobuildacitywithwarmthand
hospitality.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“wentviral“inparagraph1mean?
A.Caughtavirus.B.Becamepopular.
C.Piledup.D.Gotblocked.
5.Whatisthefeatureoftheroadsideconcert?
A.Peopleenjoythemusictogetherforfreebytheroad.
B.Manysuperstarsandbandsenjoystreetperformances.
C.Audienceimmersethemselvesinmusicinsidethefences.
D.Roadsideconcertsgainlittlesupportfromthegovernment.
6.WhydidSunGuangsignupinsecret?
A.Becauseheistoobusywithhiswork.
B.Becausehecan'tstandpublicattention.
C.Becausehewantstomaskhisrealidentity.
D.Becausehelacksconfidenceinhisperformance.
7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Roadsideconcertswillattractsponsorshiptoearnprofit.
B.Roadsideconcertswillchargetheaudienceinthefuture.
C.Roadsideconcertsareaimedtoimprovetheurbaninfrastructure.
D.RoadsideconcertscanboosttheeconomicdevelopmentinGuiyang.
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了貴陽市路邊音樂會(huì)的盛況,包括其與常規(guī)音
樂會(huì)的不同之處,人們對(duì)此的反響,以及這對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和旅游業(yè)的推動(dòng)作用等。
I1答案』4.B5.A6.C7.D
【4題詳析】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“QingyunMarket,oneofthevenuesofroadsideconcerts,isa
famoustouristattractioninGuiyangwhichsellsnightsnacksandlocalculturalandcreative
products.Withthepopularityofconcerts,themarkethasbecomeanimportantenginetoboostthe
city'seconomy.(青云市場(chǎng)是貴陽著名的旅游景點(diǎn),是路邊音樂會(huì)的舉辦地之一,銷售夜宵和
當(dāng)?shù)匚幕瘎?chuàng)意產(chǎn)品。隨著音樂會(huì)的流行,市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)成為推動(dòng)城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要引擎)”可知,音
樂會(huì)變得流行,由此推知,這些表演視頻在社交媒體上走紅,wentviral應(yīng)是“走紅”之意,
和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。
[5題詳析]
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Differentfromregularconcerts,roadsideconcertsinGuiyang,
capitalcityofsouthwestChina'sGuizhouProvince,allowpeopletoimmersethemselvesinmusic.
Withoutticketsorfences,youngpeopleheldhandstogether,singinganddancing.(與常規(guī)音樂會(huì)
不同,中國(guó)西南部貴州省省會(huì)貴陽的路邊音樂會(huì)讓人們沉浸在音樂中。沒有門票,也沒有圍
欄,年輕人手牽著手,載歌載舞)”可知,路邊音樂會(huì)的特點(diǎn)是人們?cè)诼愤呉黄鹈赓M(fèi)欣賞音樂。
故選A項(xiàng)。
【6題詳析】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“"Ihaveamusicdream,“saidSun,whooncetookpartinnational
competitionsandperformedonstageinBeijing.Butforbeingbusywithhiswork,hesawhis
guitarcoveredindust.Whileseeingtheflowingcrowds,Sunsignedupinsecret,putonhis
leatherjacketandsunglasses,andstoodonhisbelovedstage.("我有一個(gè)音樂夢(mèng),”孫說,他曾參
加過全國(guó)比賽并在北京的舞臺(tái)上表演過。但由于忙于工作,他看到他的吉他沾滿了灰塵???/p>
到熙熙攘攘的人群,孫偷偷報(bào)名,穿上皮夾克,戴上墨鏡,站在他心愛的舞臺(tái)上)”可知,他
穿上了皮夾克和太陽鏡,站在他心愛的舞臺(tái)上,這表明他不想被觀眾認(rèn)出,所以他秘密地報(bào)
名參加了路邊音樂會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【7題詳析】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Asroadsideconcertscontinuetogainsteam,musichasbecomea
drivingforceforconsumption.Guiyanghasmadeitclearthatroadsideconcertswillcontinueto
requirezerotickets,zerobusiness,andzerodistancefromthepeople,withanaimtobuildacity
withwarmthandhospitality.(隨著路邊音樂會(huì)的不斷興起,音樂已經(jīng)成為消費(fèi)的推動(dòng)力。貴陽
明確表示,路邊演唱會(huì)將繼續(xù)實(shí)行零票、零商業(yè)、零距離,建設(shè)熱情好客之城廣可知,本段
提到音樂可以推動(dòng)消費(fèi),貴陽將延續(xù)之前的政策,推動(dòng)音樂會(huì)的發(fā)展。由此推知,路邊音樂
會(huì)對(duì)貴陽的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有積極的推動(dòng)作用。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
Ofallthecreaturesontheplanet,thenarwhalisoneofthestrangestlooking.Ifsawhale
whichhasalargeprotrudingtuskcomingoutofitshead;thafshowitgot,itsnickname,the
unicornofthesea.TheyliveintheArcticOceanoffthecoastofCanada,RussiaandEast
Greenland.However,expertssaysomepopulationsofnarwhalcouldbeextinctby2025,andit's
allbecauseofnoisepollution.
Narwhalsrelyonecholocation,whichtheyusetofindfoodandnavigatetheirsurroundings.
Theanimalproducesasoundwavewhichbouncesoffanobject.Theypickthisreflectedsoundup
throughtheirlowerjaw,andinformationonfeatureslikesizeandspeedpassestotheirears.
However,increaseinhumanmarineactivity,aswellasclimatechange,hasresultedintheArctic
Oceanbecomingnoisier,whichmeansifsmoredifficultfornarwhalstorelyonsound.Susanna
Blackwell,whostudiestheeffectsofunderwaternoiseonmarineanimals,toldtheBBCthatthere
isnoisieractivityintheArcticOceanthaneverbecause,asseaicemelts,newnavigationroutes
areopening.Andwhileicebergsbreakingandcreakinghavebeenpartoftheoceansoundscapefor
hundredsofyears,man-madenoiseismuchharderforanimalstoadaptto,particularlyasthese
changesaresosudden.
ResearchpublishedinScienceAdvancesin2023recordedthereactionsofnarwhalstothe
simulated(模擬的)noisesofoilexpeditionsmadebyapatrolvessel(巡邏船).Thescientists
taggedandtrackedthecreaturesandfoundthat,onhearingthesesounds,theyendeddeepdives
andstoppedclicking,theecholocationsignaltheyuseforfindingfoodunderwater.Thisisthe
samereactionnarwhalshavetoorcas,whohuntthem,meaninghuman-madenoisecouldtrigger
thecreature's"threatbutton”.
So,whatcanwedo?CharlotteFindlay,apostdoctoralfellowatAarhusUniversity,says
“noiseisactuallyquiteeasytosolve.Weneedtoeitherturnitofforturnitdown.^^
8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenarwhalfromthefirstparagraph?
A.Ithasalargetuskfromitsjaw.
B.Itcurrentlyfacestheriskofdyingout.
C.Itlivesinthesouthernhemisphere.
D.Itsoundsdifferentfromotherwhales.
9.WhatdoesSusannaBlackwell'sstudyshow?
A.Narwhalsnavigatetheirsurroundingsbyecholocation.
B.Seaicemeltingmakestheoceannoisierthanever.
C.Man-madenoisehasagreaterimpactonmarineanimals.
D.Narwhalsarenotusedtoicebergsbreakingandcreaking.
10.Whatdoestheresearchmentionedinparagraph3imply?
A.Apatrolvesselwasappliedintheresearch.
B.Orcasarethenaturalenemytonarwhals.
C.Noiseswouldchangetheecholocationsignal.
D.Scientiststaggednarwhalsunderthewater.
11.Whafsthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.SurvivalofNarwhalthreatenedbyman-madenoise.
B.Expertspredictingtheextinctionofthenarwhal.
C.Newresearchsettosolveunderwaternoisepollution.
D.Narwhalpopulationaffectedbyunderwaternoisepollution.
【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了獨(dú)角鯨這一生物,闡述了它們的生活習(xí)性、生
存現(xiàn)狀以及所面臨的威脅,特別是人為噪音對(duì)它們生存的影響。
K答案U8.B9.C10.C11.A
【8題詳析】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段中“However,expertssaysomepopulationsofnarwhalcouldbeextinct
by2025,andifsallbecauseofnoisepollution.,專家表示,到2025年,一些獨(dú)角鯨種群
可能會(huì)滅絕,這都是因?yàn)樵胍粑廴荆笨芍?dú)角鯨目前面臨著滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【9題詳析】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SusannaBlackwell,whostudiestheeffectsofunderwaternoiseon
marineanimals,toldtheBBCthatthereisnoisieractivityintheArcticOceanthaneverbecause,
asseaicemelts,newnavigationroutesareopening.Andwhileicebergsbreakingandcreaking
havebeenpartoftheoceansoundscapeforhundredsofyears,man-madenoiseismuchharderfor
animalstoadaptto,particularlyasthesechangesaresosudden.(SusannaBlackwell研究水下噪
音對(duì)海洋動(dòng)物的影響,她告訴BBC,北冰洋的活動(dòng)比以往任何時(shí)候都要嘈雜,因?yàn)殡S著海
冰融化,新的航行路線正在開辟。數(shù)百年來,冰山破裂和吱吱作響一直是海洋聲景的一部分,
但人造噪音對(duì)動(dòng)物來說更難適應(yīng),尤其是這些變化太突然了)”可知,SusannaBlackwell的研
究顯示人造噪音對(duì)海洋動(dòng)物的影響更大。故選C項(xiàng)。
【10題詳析】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ResearchpublishedinScienceAdvancesin2023recordedthe
reactionsofnarwhalstothesimulated(模擬的)noisesofoilexpeditionsmadebyapatrolvessel
(巡邏船).Thescientiststaggedandtrackedthecreaturesandfoundthat,onhearingthesesounds,
theyendeddeepdivesandstoppedclicking,theecholocationsignaltheyuseforfindingfood
underwater.Thisisthesamereactionnarwhalshavetoorcas,whohuntthem,meaning
human-madenoisecouldtriggerthecreature's"threatbutton^^.(2023年發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》上
的一項(xiàng)研究記錄了獨(dú)角鯨對(duì)巡邏船模擬的石油勘探噪聲的反應(yīng)??茖W(xué)家們對(duì)這些生物進(jìn)行了
標(biāo)記和追蹤,發(fā)現(xiàn)它們聽到這些聲音后,會(huì)結(jié)束深潛,停止發(fā)出點(diǎn)擊聲,即它們?cè)谒乱捠?/p>
時(shí)使用的回聲定位信號(hào)。這是獨(dú)角鯨對(duì)捕食它們的逆戟鯨做出的同樣反應(yīng),這意味著人為制
造的噪音可能會(huì)觸發(fā)這種生物的“威脅按鈕”)”可知,巡邏船模擬的石油勘探噪聲會(huì)讓獨(dú)角鯨
結(jié)束深潛,停止發(fā)出水下覓食時(shí)使用的回聲定位信號(hào)。由此推知,本段暗示了噪音會(huì)改變回
聲定位信號(hào)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【11題詳析】
主旨大意題??v觀全文,尤其是第一段中"However,expertssaysomepopulationsofnarwhal
couldbeextinctby2025,andit'sallbecauseofnoisepollution.(然而,專家表示,至2025年,
一些獨(dú)角鯨種群可能會(huì)滅絕,這都是因?yàn)樵胍粑廴緫艨芍恼轮饕v述了人為噪音對(duì)獨(dú)角
鯨生存的威脅。所以A項(xiàng)"SurvivalofNarwhalthreatenedbyman-madenoise(人造噪音威脅獨(dú)
角鯨的生存)”是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
D
Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesaBMWcar,butisunique:It
capturesmorecarbonthanitemits."Ourendgoalistocreateamoresustainablefuture,9,saidJens
Lahaije,financemanagerforTU/ecomotive,theEindhovenUniversityofTechnologystudent
teamthatcreatedthecar.CalledZEM,forzeroemissionmobility,thetwo-seaterhousesa
Cleantronlithium-ionbattery(鋰電池)pack,andmostofitspartsare3D-printedfromrecycled
plastics,Lahaijesaid.Thetargetistominimizecarbondioxideemittedduringthecar'sfull
lifespan,frommanufacturingtorecycling,headded.
BatteryelectricvehiclesemitvirtuallynoCO2duringoperationcomparedwith
combustion-engine(燃燒式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))vehicles,butbatterycellproductioncancreatesomuch
pollutionthatitcantakeEVstensofthousandsofmilestoachieve“carbonparity(相同)“with
comparablefossil-fueledmodels.
“DirectaircaptureisafairlynewmethodofcleaningtheairbycapturingCO2intoafilter
(過濾器).Wehavemadeuseofthisinnovativetechnologyandimplementedthisinourcar.The
ideaisverysimple:whiledriving,airwillmovethroughourself-designedfiltersandtheCO2will
becapturedandstored.5,ZEMusestwofiltersthatcancaptureupto2kilograms(4.41lb)ofCO2
over20,000milesofdriving,theEindhoventeamestimated.Theyimagineafuturewhenfilters
canbeemptiedatchargingstations,basedonthefactthatthereisanationwidecharging
infrastructure,whichincludesresidential,commercialandpublicchargersacrossthecountry
installedbytheEnergyDepartment,automakersandprivatebusinesses.
ThestudentsareshowingtheirvehicleonaUSpromotionaltourtouniversitiesand
companiesfromtheEastCoasttoSiliconValley,hopingtoattractmorefinancialsupport.
Itishardtotellwherethefuturewilltaketheelectricvehicles,butitisclearthattheyholda
lotofpotentialforcreatingamoresustainablefuture.Intheend,onlytimewilltellwhatroad
electricvehicleswilltakeinthefuture.
12.Whatadvantagedoesthenewly-designedcarhave?
A.ItlookslikeaBMWcar.B.Itisadrive-lesscar.
C.Ifsacarbon-eatingelectricvehicle.D.Itpurifiesairautomatically.
13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?
A.Thefunctionoffilters.
B.Thebenefitsofdirectaircapture.
C.Theapplicationprospectofthetechnology.
D.Theoperatingprincipleofthetechnology.
14.Whatproblemdothestudentteamfaceaccordingtothepassage?
A.Lackofresearchfund.
B.Unpredictableapplicationprospect.
C.Nopermissionfromthegovernment.
D.Strongobjectionfromthecarcompanies.
15.WhatisJensLahaije'sattitudetowardthefutureofthesportyall-electriccar?
A.Doubtful.B.Confident.
C.Concerned.D.Pessimistic.
【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。它詳細(xì)介紹了一款來自荷蘭的新型全電動(dòng)汽車的設(shè)計(jì)和特點(diǎn),
包括其獨(dú)特的能夠吸收碳的功能以及使用回收塑料進(jìn)行3D打印的環(huán)保特性。
K答案X12.C13.D14.A15.B
【12題詳析】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesaBMWcar,
butisunique:Itcapturesmorecarbonthanitemits.(這款來自荷蘭的運(yùn)動(dòng)型全電動(dòng)汽車類似于
寶馬汽車,但它的獨(dú)特之處在于:它吸收的碳比排放的要多)”以及“Thetargetistominimize
carbondioxideemittedduringthecar'sfulllifespan,frommanufacturingtorecycling,he
added.(他補(bǔ)充說,目標(biāo)是將汽車從制造到回收的整個(gè)使用壽命期間的二氧化碳排放量降到最
低)”可知,這款新設(shè)計(jì)的汽車能夠吸收比它排放的更多的碳,因此它的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于它是一款能
夠“吃碳”的電動(dòng)汽車。故選C項(xiàng)。
【13題詳析】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“"Directaircaptureisafairlynewmethodofcleaningtheairby
capturingCO2intoafilter(過濾器).Wehavemadeuseofthisinnovativetechnologyand
implementedthisinourcar.Theideaisverysimple:whiledriving,airwillmovethroughour
self-designedfiltersandtheCO2willbecapturedandstored.^^ZEMusestwofiltersthatcan
captureupto2kilograms(4.41lb)ofCO2over20,000milesofdriving,theEindhoventeam
estimated.Theyimagineafuturewhenfilterscanbeemptiedatchargingstations,basedonthe
factthatthereareanationwidecharginginfrastructure,whichincludesresidential,commercial
andpublicchargersacrossthecountryinstalledbytheEnergyDepartment,automakersand
privatebusinesses.「直接空氣捕獲是一種相當(dāng)新的清潔空氣的方法,能夠?qū)⒍趸疾东@到
過濾器中。我們利用了這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新技術(shù),并將其應(yīng)用到我們的汽車中。這個(gè)想法很簡(jiǎn)單:在開
車的時(shí)候,空氣會(huì)通過我們自己設(shè)計(jì)的過濾器,二氧化碳會(huì)被捕獲并儲(chǔ)存起來?!卑R蚧魷?/p>
團(tuán)隊(duì)估計(jì),ZEM使用兩個(gè)過濾器,在20,000英里的行駛中可以捕獲多達(dá)2公斤(4.41磅)
的二氧化碳。他們?cè)O(shè)想的未來是,充電站的過濾器可以被清空,因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)全國(guó)性的充電基
礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,包括由能源部、汽車制造商和私營(yíng)企業(yè)在全國(guó)各地安裝的住宅、商業(yè)和公共充電器)”
可知,本段主要介紹了直接空氣捕獲技術(shù)的操作原理,即,通過過濾器捕獲二氧化碳。故選
D項(xiàng)。
【14題詳析】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThestudentsareshowingtheirvehicleonaUSpromotionaltour
touniversitiesandcompaniesfromtheEastCoasttoSiliconValley,hopingtoattractmore
financialsupport.(學(xué)生們正在美國(guó)東海岸和硅谷的大學(xué)和公司進(jìn)行宣傳之旅,希望能吸引更
多的資金支持)”可知,學(xué)生們正在美國(guó)進(jìn)行宣傳巡回,希望吸引更多的財(cái)政支持,因此可以
推斷出他們面臨的問題是缺乏研究資金。故選A項(xiàng)。
【15題詳析】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Itishardtotellwherethefuturewilltaketheelectricvehicles,butit
isclearthattheyholdalotofpotentialforcreatingamoresustainablefuture.Intheend,onlytime
willtellwhatroadelectricvehicleswilltakeinthefuture.(很難說電動(dòng)汽車的未來將走向何方,
但很明顯,它們?cè)趧?chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來方面具有很大的潛力。最終,只有時(shí)間才能告訴
我們電動(dòng)汽車未來將走向何方)”可知,本段提到電動(dòng)汽車有很大的潛力創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的
未來,而根據(jù)第一段可知,JensLahaije是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)理,因此他對(duì)這款運(yùn)動(dòng)型全電
動(dòng)汽車的未來應(yīng)該是充滿信心的。因此,他的態(tài)度是自信的。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余
選項(xiàng)。
Howtobemoreproductive
Gettingthingsdoneisn'tworkingalldayat100milesanhour.16.Andthe
followingtipscandefinitelyhelpyou.
17
Smallertaskslikeansweringemailsare"shallowwork”.Trytobemoreconsciousofwhat
yourshallowtasksare,andgiveyourselfpermissiontoblockthemoutforawhilesoyoucan
focusontheimportanttasksthatrequire“deepwork”.
Callitaday
Forgoodproductivity,bestrictaboutwhenyourworkingdayisover,andwhenyougetto
theendofyourplannedworksession,easeyourselfintoamorerelaxedstate.Lookthroughyour
unfinishedwork.18.Thenclosethattextbookorlaptopandsaysomethingoutloudlike
""Shutdowncomplete!,?Afterthat?Havesomefun.Giveyourmindtherestifsearned.
Findyourtoplevelgoal
19.Findthebigthingthatwecouldcallyourlife'spurpose,likeinspiringothers,or
helpingpeopleinsociety.Putthatatthetop.Onthenextlevelyou'llhavemid-levelgoalslike
passinganexam.Thegoalsbelow-it-shouldallfeedintoyourtop-level.They'llbesmaller,more
practicalthings-perhapswritinganemail,ordoingsomeresearch.Iftheydon'thelpwith
achievingyourtopgoal,thengetridofthem!
Makeyourbreakssmarter
Time-managementmasterFrancescoCirillosaysthatforevery25minutesofintense
concentration,youshouldtakefiveofftodonothingatall,whichgivesthebraintimetorecover
andkeepsyourproductivityhigh.20.Movearound,stareoutofawindow.
A.Shutouttheshallow
B.Makeouttheshallow
C.Findsomepicturesofkittensandpuppiesfirst
D.Organiseyourprioritiesbymakingapyramidofgoals
E.Inthefive-minutebreaks,don9tjumponyourphone
F.Writeashortplanofhowyou'lltackleittomorrow
G.Lookingforwaystodolessandgetmoredoneactuallymakesmoresense
【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要介紹了關(guān)于如何提高工作效率的實(shí)用建議和方法。
R答案』16.G17.A18.F19.D20.E
【16題詳析】
根據(jù)前文“Gettingthingsdoneisn'tworkingalldayat100milesanhour.(把事情做好不是整天
以每小時(shí)100英里的速度工作。)”以及后文"Andthefollowingtipscandefinitelyhelpyou.(T
面的建議絕對(duì)能幫到你。)“可知,G項(xiàng)“Lookingforwaystodolessandgetmoredoneactually
makesmoresense(尋找少做事、多成事的方法實(shí)際上更有意義)”承接上文,并引出本段主題,
符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。
【17題詳析】
分析設(shè)空,為本段小標(biāo)題,根據(jù)后文“Smallertaskslikeansweringemailsare"shallowwork”.
Trytobemoreconsciousofwhatyourshallowtasksare,andgiveyourselfpermissiontoblock
themoutforawhilesoyoucanfocusontheimportanttasksthatrequire“deepwork”.(像回復(fù)電
子郵件這樣的小任務(wù)則屬于“淺層工作”。試著更清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到你的淺層任務(wù)是什么,并允許
自己暫時(shí)把它們放在一邊,這樣你就可以專注于需要“深度工作”的重要任務(wù))”可知,本段
主要講述了把淺層任務(wù)放在一邊,專注于主要工作,所以A項(xiàng)“Shutouttheshallow(將淺層
工作拒之門外)”為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。
【18題詳析】
根據(jù)前文“Forgoodproductivity,bestrictaboutwhenyourworkingdayisover,andwhenyou
gettotheendofyourplannedworksession,easeyourselfintoamorerelaxedstate.Lookthrough
yourunfinishedwork.(為了提高效率,嚴(yán)格規(guī)定一天的工作時(shí)間,當(dāng)你完成計(jì)劃的工作時(shí),
讓自己進(jìn)入一個(gè)更放松的狀態(tài)。檢查一下你未完成的工作。)”可知,還有未完成的工作,再
根據(jù)后文“Thenclosethattextbookorlaptopandsaysomethingoutloudlike"Shutdown
complete!?,Afterthat?Havesomefun.Giveyourmindtherestifsearned.(然后合上課本或筆記
本電腦,大聲說“停工完成!”之后呢?玩得開心點(diǎn)。讓你的頭腦得到應(yīng)得的休息。)“可知,后
文講述開始休息,所以空處應(yīng)是對(duì)未完成工作的安排,F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Writeashortplanofhowyou]
tackleittomorrow(寫一份關(guān)于你明天如何處理它的簡(jiǎn)短計(jì)劃)”符合文意,承接上文,引出下
文。故選F項(xiàng)。
【19題詳析】
分析設(shè)空,位于段首,是本段中心句,根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Findyourtoplevelgoal(找到你的最
高目標(biāo))“以及后文"Findthebigthingthatwecouldcallyourlife'spurpose,likeinspiringothers,
orhelpingpeopleinsociety.Putthatatthetop.Onthenextlevelyou'llhavemid-levelgoalslike
passinganexam.Thegoalsbelow-it-shouldallfeedintoyourtop-level.They'llbesmaller,more
practicalthings-perhapswritinganemail,ordoingsomeresearch.Iftheydon'thelpwith
achievingyourtopgoal,thengetridofthem!(找至峨們可以稱之為人生目標(biāo)的大事,比如激勵(lì)
他人,或者幫助社會(huì)上的人。把它放在最上面。在下一個(gè)階段,你會(huì)有中等水平的目標(biāo),比
如通過考試。下面的目標(biāo)都應(yīng)該為你的最高目標(biāo)服務(wù)。它們將是更小、更實(shí)際的事情——可
能是寫一封電子郵件,或者做一些研究。如果它們不能幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)最高目標(biāo),那就去掉它們!)”
可知,本段主要講述設(shè)立目標(biāo),并且按照優(yōu)先級(jí)去排列,所以D項(xiàng)“Organiseyourprioritiesby
makingapyramidofgoals(通過建立一個(gè)金字塔的目標(biāo)來組織你的優(yōu)先級(jí))”符合本段主題。
故選D項(xiàng)。
【20題詳析】
根據(jù)前文“Time-managementmasterFrancescoCirillosaysthatforevery25minutesofintense
concentration,youshouldtakefiveofftodonothingatall,whichgivesthebraintimetorecover
andkeepsyourproductivityhigh.(時(shí)間管理大師弗朗西斯科?西里洛說,每集中注意力25分鐘,
你就應(yīng)該休息5分鐘,什么都不做,這給了大腦恢復(fù)的時(shí)間,讓你保持高效率。)”可知,E
項(xiàng)“Inthefive-minutebreaks,donjumponyourphone(在五分鐘的休息時(shí)間里,不要玩手機(jī))”
符合本段主題,講述休息的5分鐘要注意的事。故選E項(xiàng)。
第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwherethe
schoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Virginia-especiallyduringthecoldermonths
inwinter.
Hermother,DivyaGuptahada21:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedha
tookthechallenge22.Soshewenttowork.
TheresultwasSafeTravel,anapp23byMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmore
24whentravellingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogrammeittosenda
warningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshe25toarriveatadestinationwithina
certaintime.
ItwasthefirstIOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn'tthinkmuchwouldcome
fromtheproject,her26caughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalApp
Challenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia's1OthDistrict.
TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencourage27toconsidercareersinscience,
technology,engineering,andmathsby28codingandcomputerscience.Winning
studentsare29toattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250in
AmazonWebServicecredits.
Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,30andtesttheapp.Asforhernext
app,Medha'snotcertain.She31hasherapp-developmenttasksonholdbecauseshe's
32teachingherselfAItohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknows
thatthereareteamsof33probablydoingthesamething.Butshe34itcan't
hurtherownpart,too.
“Ifweseesomething35withtheworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,“shesaid.
“Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.9,
21.
A.suggestionB.clueC.perceptionD.secret
22.
A.optionallyB.seriouslyC.rudelyD.unhesitatingly
23.
A.recommendedB.improvedC.boughtD.designed
24.
A.secureB.encouraged
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