2022屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)提分計劃基礎(chǔ)語法之詞法篇一般過去時素材

2022英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)提分計劃基礎(chǔ)語法之詞法篇動詞部分11.一般過去時Ⅰ.考情分析命題人常將一般過去時、被動語態(tài)與主謂一致相結(jié)合，以考查考生的綜合能力。做題時，動詞的時態(tài)要和該句的時間狀語或上下文的時態(tài)保持一致，尤其不能忽略引號里的話。此外，還要留意主語和謂語之間是主動還是被動關(guān)系。Ⅱ.考點(diǎn)回顧1.結(jié)構(gòu)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)didwas/were+過去分詞2.概念：一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與它連用的時間狀語主要有yesterday,時間段+ago,last+時間名詞,in1989,justnow,oneday,onceuponatime,then等。3.行為動詞的過去式的規(guī)則變化的構(gòu)成(1)一般情況，直接加-ed：clean-finish-paint-help-last-laugh-pass-plant-push-play-walk-wash-watch-(2)以字母e結(jié)尾的詞，加-d：welcome-agree-change-close-love-move-phone-refuse-skate-use-(3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i,再加-ed：carry-cry-hurry-study-try-(4)以輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed：beg-control-fit-nod-occur-permit-plan-prefer-refer-regret-slap(拍)-stop-swap(交換)-admit-(5)例外：panic-picnic-equip-Ⅲ.真題感悟一、語法填空[例1]WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla’sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal__69__(mean)menorealharm.[簡析]meant。根據(jù)前文可知，是在敘述過去發(fā)生的事情。[例2]Istillremembervisitingafriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI__60__(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.[簡析]wasshocked。謂語動詞shock和主語I之間是被動關(guān)系，故用其被動語態(tài)。[例3]Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene__64__(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.[簡析]declared。根據(jù)后文的had可知是在敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時態(tài)。[例4]Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand__65__(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.[簡析]recommended。根據(jù)前文的shared可知是在敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時態(tài)。[例5]Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we__69__(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.[簡析]wereinvited。謂語動詞invite和主語we之間是被動關(guān)系，時間狀語onthelastdayofourweek-longstay與一般過去時連用。[例6]OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents’grades__62__(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.[簡析]improved。after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中使用了一般過去式，其主句用一般過去時以保持前后時態(tài)一致。[例7]I__1__(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,“HowwillImakefriends?”[簡析]voiced。[例8]TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探測器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—__61__(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.(2020全國卷Ⅰ)[簡析]touched。根據(jù)時間狀語lastweek可知，應(yīng)使用一般過去時態(tài)。[例9]Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand__66__(point)downtheriver.(2020全國卷Ⅲ)[簡析]pointed。and連接兩個并列的表示過去情況的謂語動詞。[例10]The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,__38__(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumwhichopenedin1759.(2020新高考山東卷)[簡析]formed。根據(jù)時間狀語in1759可知，應(yīng)使用一般過去時。[例11]Then,withtheriseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods__65__(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.(2020浙江卷)[簡析]meant考查謂語動詞。本句講述過去的情況，故用mean的過去式meant。[例12]Incities,however,thegain__61__(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.(2021年1月浙江卷)[簡析]was考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境主語thegain后接系動詞需用一般過去的三單形式was。[例13]We__66__(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.(2021全國甲卷)[簡析]hired考查動詞的時態(tài)。結(jié)合上下文的時態(tài)可知，此處用一般過去時。[例14]Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit__61__(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.(2021全國新高考Ⅰ卷)[簡析]was考查動詞的時態(tài)。由then可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，表示過去的人搬石頭做臺階很艱難。[例15]AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand__65__(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.(2021浙江卷)[簡析]sold考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)本句的謂語動詞rented和連詞and可判斷出，此處應(yīng)用sell的一般過去時，rented和sold是主句中兩個并列的謂語動詞。二、短文改錯[例1]TeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandles.[簡析]drank→drunk。[例2]Suddenlythearrowswereflyingdownatusfromthesky—theywerelookedlikerain![簡析]刪除were。句子主語“這些箭”與謂語動詞“看起來像”之間是主動關(guān)系。[例3]Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.[簡析]begun→began。and前后的謂語動詞時態(tài)要一致。[考4]Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsidetheshop.[簡析]telling→told。and前后的謂語動詞時態(tài)要一致，see和tell是并列謂語，故telling改為told。[例5]However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.[簡析]tell→told。全文在回憶過去的事情，基本時態(tài)為一般過去時。[例6]Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.[簡析]goes→went。全文描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，全篇文章以一般過去時為主。[例7]Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastaken,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecomeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.[簡析]become→became。and連接并列的謂語動詞，且用一般過去時態(tài)。[例8]Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecameanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.[簡析]took→taken。狀語從句主語thisphoto與動詞take之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。[例9]Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindabigchangethere.[簡析]find→found。本文講述的是去年寒假的事情，所以應(yīng)用find的過去式found。[例10]StillIunwillingtoplaythegameswiththemsometimes.[簡析]∧unwilling→was。[例11]Ididn’t