2024屆山東省青島市高三一模考試英語(yǔ)試題(含答案)

青島市2024年高三年級(jí)第一次適應(yīng)性檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AMonet:TheImmersive（沉浸式）ExperienceMonet:TheImmersiveExperienceinLiègeinvitesyoutostepintotheworldoftheFrenchpainterClaudeMonet,oneofthegreatestartisticgeniusesofthenineteenthcentury!ExploresomeofthemostbreathtakingpaintingsbyClaudeMonetwiththehelpofadigital360-degreepresentation.Theuniqueexhibitionconceptisstagedwithstate-of-the-artmultimediatechnology,whichshowsverylargeimagesofMonet’spaintingsonthewallsandfloorsofthebuilding．Ithasmusic,thesmellofflowers,andvoice-overinseverallanguagestomakethepaintingscomealiveinawayneverseenbefore．TofullygetintotheworldoftheFrenchpainter,visitorsareguidedthroughthreeexperiencerooms．Eachroomisahighlightonitsownandprovidesvisitorsnotonlywithaninsight,butalsowithnewexperiencesandnewviewpointsonMonet’slife,hisworkandhismasterpieces．Practicalinfo·Date:fromMarch2024·Openinghours:Wednesday,Thursday:10:00am-7:00pmFriday:10:00am-8:00pmSaturday:9:00am-8:00pmSunday:9:00am-7:00pmMondayandTuesday:Closed·Duration:thevisitwilltakearound60to75minutes·Location:EgliseSaint-Pholien,RueSaint-Pholien,4020Liège·PleaseconsulttheFAQsofthisexperiencehere1．HowdoestheexhibitionhelpvisitorsexploreMonet’spaintingsA．Itusesdigitaltechnology．B．Itgiveslecturesonart．C．Itoffersstagestovisitors．D．Itprovideslanguageservices．2．WhatwillvisitorsexperienceinthethreeroomsA．AnexplorationonFrenchart．B．Anintroductorytourofpainters．C．AuniquejourneytoMonet’sworld．D．AnencounterwithMonet-inspiredartworks．3．WhichofthefollowingisarecommendedvisitingtimeA．11:30am（Wed,Feb21）．B．10:00am（Tue,Mar19）．C．6:30pm（Thur,Mar28）．D．4:00pm（Sun,Apr7）．BTheMusicEducatorAward,thisyear,wenttoAnnieRay,anorchestra（管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)）directoratAnnandaleHighSchool．Shewasrecognizedforhereffortstomakemusicaccessibletoallstudents,particularlythosewithdisabilities．RaygottoattendtheawardsceremonyinLosAngelesandbringhomea$10,000prize．RaycreatedtheCrescendoOrchestraforstudentswithsevereintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities,aswellasaparentorchestrathatteachesnearly200caregiversayeartoplaythesameinstrumentastheirchild．Rayalsoworkswithalocalcharitytogivedamagedinstrumentsasecondlifeinherclassroom．Theorchestraisaboutmuchmorethanjustmakingmusic．Themostimportantistogivestudentsachancetodeveloptheircooperationskills,makemistakesandlearntheartofrefiningsomething．Raypushesherstudentstobebrave,gooutsidetheircomfortzoneandrealizetheyhavetolearnhowtomakebadsoundsbeforelearninghowtomakegoodsounds．Andtheyteachheralotinreturn．“Theychangedmyeducationalphilosophy．Iunderstandwhatittrulymeanstomeetastudentwherethey’reatandapplythatelsewhere,”shesaid．Thewarmreceptionontheceremonywasmeaningful．Actually,notmanypeopleunderstandwhatexactlymusiceducatorsdoorhowmuchtheirworkmatters．Whileheradministrationissupportive,thatlackofunderstandingisaproblemfacingtheprofessioningeneral．Anotherisresources．Shesaysherschool“desperately”needsnewinstruments．ShewillusesomeofherprizemoneytobuymoreRayalsoplanstoputsomeofthemoneytowardsanongoingscholarshipforstudentswhowanttopursuemusicwhentheygraduate．Sheknowsofseveral,thoseparticularlyinterestedinmusic,andaimstoofferfinancialsupportneededtorealizetheirmusicaldreams．“Itishardbuttrulysatisfying,”Raysaid．“Andthere’snothingelselikeitforthem.”4．WhatcanwelearnaboutRayfromthefirsttwoparagraphsA．Shehostedtheawardceremony．B．Shebroughtmusictomorepeople．C．Shegaveawayinstrumentstothepoor．D．Shefoundedalocalcharityforchildren．5．WhatdostudentsbenefitmostfromtheorchestraA．Theyacquirein-depthmusicalknowledge．B．Theymakefriendswiththelike-minded．C．Theygainpersonalgrowthfromplayingmusic．D．Theyimprovetheirconnectionswitheducators．6．Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyaboutA．Thereceptionontheceremony．B．Importanceofmusiceducation．C．Challengesformusiceducators．D．Planstoobtainresources．7．WhatdoesRayfindsatisfyingaccordingtothelastparagraphA．Winningascholarship．B．Developinginterestinmusic．C．Makingmusicalachievements．D．Transformingdreamsintoreality．CAnancientLatinproverbsays“Aquilanoncapitmuscas”—caglesdon’thuntflies—meaningthatimportantonesshouldn’tconcernthemselveswithsmall,insignificantmatters．ButthelionsinEastAfricashouldconcernthemselveswiththeseeminglyinsignificantants,becausetheseantsarechangingtheirlifestyles．Thestorystartswiththeacaciatrees（金合歡樹）inanAfricanwildlifeareaincentralKenya．Someoftheseacaciatreesprovidefoodandshelterforspecificantspecies,whichinturndefendthetreeagainstherbivores（食草動(dòng)物）．Theantsareactivelyattackinganddrivingawayherbivoresthatattempttofeedonthetree’sleaves．Thisishighlyeffective;theantsnotonlyphysicallyharmtheherbivoresbutalsoreleasechemicalsthatcandeterotherpotentialattackers．Buttheseantsareintrouble．Anotherspeciescalledthe“big-headed”antisdestroyingentiregroupsoftree-protectingants．This,inturn,setsoffanentirechainofeventsthatendsupinfluencingwhenandhowlionscanhunt．Thisantinvasion（入侵）affectsonethingaftertheother．Itleavestheacaciatreesdefenselessagainstherbivoresespeciallyelephants．Theelephantscomeinandeattheacaciasatfivetoseventimestherateobservedinuninvadedareas．Thelions,whilehuntingforfood,havenomoretreestouseforhiding．Thisreducedtreecovermakeslionslesssuccessfulathuntingandpushesthemtofinddifferentareastohuntin．“ThesetinyinvadersarepullingonthetiesthatputanAfricanecosystemtogether,determiningwhoiseatenandwhere,”saidToddPalmer,anecologistfromFlorida．Thelions,whicharealreadyendangered,aremanagingtocopewiththisbynolongerfocusingtheirattentiononzebras．Thezebras,ofcourse,canseethemmuchbetterontheapproachgiventhelackofcover．Instead,theyaretargetingwaterbuffalo．Butthisalsoisn’ttheendofthestory．Whoknowswhatthelions’changingstrategywillmeanfortheecosystemdowntheline8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deter”inparagraph2meanA．Direct．B．Discourage．C．Identify．D．Seek．9．WhatroledotheelephantsplayinthechainreactionA．Cooperatingwith“big-headed”ants．B．Damagingthehidingplaceforlions．C．Protectingtheacaciasfromherbivores．D．Startingoffthedisturbanceofthechain．10．Theauthormentionslions,zebrasandwaterbuffalotoshowthat______．A．a(chǎn)nimalsfallvictimtobiggeronesB．theecologyisontheroadtorecoveryC．a(chǎn)nimalsarecorelatedintheecosystemD．speciesarefirmlypositionedinthefoodchain11．WhatisthetextmainlyaboutA．Whatecologistsfindaboutanimals．B．WhyAfricanlionsareendangered．C．Howtinyantsaffectthewaylionshunt．D．HowthelawofthejungleworksinAfrica．DAtaconferencelastweek,Ireceivedaninterestingpieceofadvice:“Assumeyouarewrong.”TheadvicecamefromBrianNosek,afellowpsychologyprofessor．Hewasn’tobjectingtoanyparticularclaimI’dmade—hewasofferingastrategyforpursuingbetterscience,andforencouragingotherstodothesame．TounderstandthecontextforNosek’sadvice,weneedtotakeastepback—tothenatureofscienceitself.Despitewhatmanyofuslearnedinelementaryschool,thereisnosinglescientificmethod．Justasscientifictheorieschange,sodoscientificmethods．Assumingyouarerightmightbeamotivatingforce,sustainingtheenormouseffortthatconductingscientificworkrequires．Butitalsomakesiteasytointerpretcriticismsaspersonalattacks,andforscientificargumentstodevelopintopersonalbattles．Beginning,instead,fromtheassumptionyouarewrong,acriticismiseasiertobeviewedasahelpfulpointer,aconstructivesuggestionforhowtobelesswrong—agoalthatyourcriticprobablyshares．Nosek’sadvicemaysoundpessimistic,butit’snotsoforeigntoscience．Philosophersofsciencesometimesrefertothe“pessimisticmeta-induction（元?dú)w納）”onthehistoryofscience:Allofourpastscientifictheorieshavebeenwrong,sosurelyourcurrenttheorieswillturnouttobewrong,too．Thatdoesn’tmeanwehaven’tmadeprogress,butitdoesindicatethatthereisalwaysroomforimprovement—waystobelesswrong．Iliketheadvicebecauseitbuildsinanawarenessofourlimitationsandareadinesstoaccepttheunknown（“therearethingsIdonotknow!”）alongwithasensethatwecandobetter（“therearethingsIdonotknowyet!”）．Italsobuildsinasenseofcommunity—we’reallinthesameboatwhenitcomestofallingshortofgettingthingsright.Perhapsthefocusonasharedgoal—ourgoalasscientistsandhumansofbeinglesswrong—canhelpmakeupforanyharminscientificmotivationorcommunication．12．WhydidNoseksendtheadviceA．Toexpressopinionsaboutmyclaims．B．Toremindmetobeopentocriticism．C．Toencouragemetotakeupscience．D．Tobettermyunderstandingofpsychology．13．HowdoesassumingyouarewronghelpA．Itmotivatesscientiststomakeefforts．B．Itaddressespersonalattacksandconflicts．C．Itsetsaconstructiveimprovementgoal．D．Itcontributestoadeeperinsightintoyourself．14．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofsciencetheoriesA．Dynamic．B．Testable．C．Pioneering．D．Well-established．15．WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetextA．AccepttheUnknownB．AimtoBeLessWrongC．GetEngagedinPsychologyD．DigintotheNatureofScience第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyouthinkofyourclosestfriends,whowillcometoyourmindPerhapsyourcollegeroommatesortheneighboryouplayedwithasachild．Regardlessofhowyoumetthesepeople,theymostlikelyhaveonekeythingincommon:16A2023studyfoundthat,forthoseaged21to30,over80percentintheirsocialcircles,werebornwithinfiveyearsofthem．Moreover,nearly63percentofadultshavenoclosefriends15yearsolderoryoungerthanthem．Spendingourtimewithsuchanarrowgroupofpeoplecanfuelagesegregation（隔離）andincreaseourloneliness．Theselimitationsalsokeepusfromothergenerations’mindsetsandpotentiallysurprisingpointsofconnection．17Ofcourse,theonesthatareoldermightofferabrieflookintothecomingyears．Aprogramthatrunsschoolsoutofseniorcentershassaidalotaboutit．18DawnCarr,asociologyprofessor,saidmostolderpeoplegetmuchfrompracticalhelp—withnewtechnology,forinstance—theiryoungerfriendsoffered．19Havingfunwithsomeonedecadesyoungerdefinitelytakesofftheirpressureto“acttheirage”．20Lila,aged75,wasproudthatherlifeexperiencespreparedhertogiveadvicetoheryoungfriendwithdepression,forwhichtheyoungwasgrateful．Also,olderfriendsoffermoreexamplesofwhatgrowingupcanlooklike．Ifsomeone’sparentsaretheonlyolderpeopletheyknowwell,theymightfailtopictureotherpossibilities．Agreaterpoolofolderfriendscanhelpyoungpeoplecreatetheirownblueprint．A．Youbefriendthosewholivearound．B．They’reallroughlythesameageasyou．C．Othersmightfindjoyinexposuretonewideas．D．Broughtcloser,bothseemorethanonebenefit．E．Youngerfriendscanbeareminderofpastselves．F．Formingthesekindsoffriendshipisparticularlyhardtoday．G．Indeed,intergenerationalrelationshipisneveraone-waystreet．第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenmyfatherwasateenager,hehadbeendeclaredaprodigy（天才）byhisartteacher．He21tobecomeanartteacherandhadsome22ofhispaintings．Butwhenmymothergotill,hiscreativelifeceased．Irememberedmyfather’s23forart．Oneday,Iaskedwhetherhewasinterestedindrawingacartoon.Myfatherwasnotmuchofa24．Whenlearningtodrive,Ihadaskedifitwasmoreimportantto25thecarsaheadorthosebehind．“Both.”Thenhewas26forthenextthreemiles．Hegaveno27answertomyquery（詢問(wèn)）．Iaskedagainthefollowingday．Stillnoreal28．Iultimately29theidea．Iunderstoodhehadenoughonhisplatealready．Butaweeklater,Ireceivedanemailfrommyfather—witha（n）30．IdownloadedthefileandtherewasthecartoonIhadaskedhimtodraw!Webegantodrawcartoons．Theprocessofcreatinggavehim31．Ashebuilthisartmusclesbackup,histeenageself’senthusiasm32．Heisnowpainting,drawingandtalkingsomuchIhaveto33I’mgettingacalltoescapehis34.IfheweretoaskmewhetherIwasprouderofthecartoonorofhimturninghislifearound,Iwouldsay,“35.”21．A．wentonB．a(chǎn)greedC．seemedD．happened22．A．recordsB．copiesC．exhibitsD．celebrations23．A．choiceB．loveC．skillD．idea24．A．talkerB．teacherC．painterD．thinker25．A．driveoffB．rushthroughC．lookintoD．concentrateon26．A．carefulB．silentC．impatientD．polite27．A．definiteB．relevantC．simpleD．clever28．A．channelB．responseC．messageD．word29．A．droppedB．failedC．forgotD．regretted30．A．listB．presentC．budgetD．a(chǎn)ttachment31．A．freedomB．safetyC．purposeD．trust32．A．grewB．returnedC．a(chǎn)ppearedD．mixed33．A．pretendB．stateC．jokeD．mention34．A．excitementB．disappointmentC．embarrassmentD．a(chǎn)musement35．A．MyselfB．YouC．NeitherD．Both第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChineseLoongisthefifthanimalofthe12-yearChinesezodiaccycle,36（consider）tobemythicalandsymbolicoffortune．Recently,salesofthingswithdragonelementshavewitnessedexplosivegrowthone-commerceplatforms．Datafromane-commerceplatformshowthatsearches37dragon-relatedgoodsviaitsonlinemarketplacehavereached23million．38issaidthatsinceJanuary,goodswithdragon-themedelements,suchasdailynecessities,alcoholandgoldjewelry39（prefer）byconsumers．Thepurchasingexcitementisexpectedto40（huge）boostconsumerconfidenceandimprovetherecoveryofconsumption．Purchasesbythepost-1990sandpost-2000sgenerationsaccountedfornearly55%,whileconsumersinGuangdongprovince,Beijing,Jiangsuprovinceinthatorder,41（be）thetopthreespendersondragon-featureditems．BecausethedragonisanimportantsymbolofChinesetraditionalculture42goodluck,Chineseconsumersareexpressingtheirhopesfor43betterlifeinthenewyear．“BrandsshouldcapitalizeontraditionalChineseculturetolaunchmoreinnovative44（product）,”aresearchfellowsaid,45（stress）thatSpringFestivalisthetraditionalfestivalChinesepeopleattachthemostimportanceto,andit’salsoapeakseasonforconsumption．第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你校今年開設(shè)了蔬菜栽培、傳統(tǒng)工藝（handcraft）等實(shí)踐課程。請(qǐng)你給外國(guó)好友John寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．你的參與情況；2．你的體會(huì)。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJohn,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ibeggedmymomtoletmemakecookiesbymyself．EventhoughIhadneverattemptedbakingbefore,IwasnineyearsoldandmyfriendEmmiehadbeenbakingcupcakesbyherselfforayear．IwasdeterminedtoprovethatIcouldmakeit．Mybrother,Caleb,laughedattheideaofmecookingalone,callingitadisaster．Havingabigbrothercanbeannoying．Despitehislaughing,mymomagreedtoletmetry．SheremindedmetotakemytimeandbecarefulbecauseI’dhadsomemessyspillsbeforeIwasnine．Irac