2024屆上海市黃浦區(qū)高三年級下冊二模英語試卷（解析版）

黃浦區(qū)2024年高考模擬考

英語試卷

（完成試卷時間：120分鐘總分：140分）

第I卷（共100分）

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Policemanandthief.D.Husbandandwife.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Hello,pleasetakeaseat.Ihaveyourtestresultshere,andit'sgoodnews.Thebloodtestcamebackclear.

Thereisnoindicationofanydigestiveissues.

W:Sothen,whydoIfeelsobadallthetime?

Q:Whafsthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Attheairport.B.Atasubwaystation.

C.Attheschoolgate.D.Atabusstop.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Excuseme.IhaveaconnectiontoChicagoat5:00.AmIgoingtomakeit?

M:Yes.Lookatthepeoplemoverthere.Itwilltakeyoutothedeparturegatewhereyouwanttogo.Thereshouldn't

beaproblem.

Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Cleaningthesquare.B.Drinkingatoast.

C.Movingthetable.D.Takingphotos.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Couldyougetthewholesquarein?

W:Movebackalittlebit.Nowtotheleft.There,thafsperfect.SayCheese!Good!

Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmostprobablydoing?

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Excited.B.Satisfied.C.Shocked.D.Uninterested.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:Ihaven'tevenstartedwritingmydraftyet.SoI'mreallyworriedaboutfinishingbytheendofnext

semester.

M:Youmeanyouhaven'tevenbegunyoursyet?!

Q:Howdidthemanfeelaboutthewoman'swritingprogress?

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Ifstinyandwarm.B.Itexcitesherwhenevershewalksin.

C.It'stoobigforoneperson.D.Itisnotthatsatisfactory.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Howcanitbejustokaywhenlastweekyouwereexcitedabouttheapartmentandkeptpostingphotosof

itonline?

W:Well,lastweekwhenImovedin,theapartmentseemedwarmandcomfortable,justtherightsizeforoneperson.

Butnowitjustseemstinybutlonely.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherapartmentnow?

6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Hewantedtohaveamoreprofitablecareer.

B.Hewasnotfitenoughasabasketballerthen.

C.Abasketballcareertypicallydidnotlastlong.

D.Itwascommonforbasketbailerstochangecareers.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:John,youastonishedfansbyleavingthesportatjust25.Whydidyouretiresoearly?

M:Iknewbasketballwasn'tacareerwithalotoflongevityformostplayers.SoIwantedtochangecareerswhileI

wasstillyoung.

Q:WhydidJohnretiresoearly?

7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Hermanagersatnexttoheratthemeeting.

B.Hermanagerdidn'tpraiseheratthemeeting.

C.Themanself-evaluatedhisannualperformance.

D.Themandidn'tattendtheevaluationmeetingatall.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Howdidyourannualperformanceevaluationmeetingwithyourmanagergo?Didyougetmuchinthe

wayofpraise?

W:Nexttozero.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Themanfeelsenergeticaftertheinterview.

B.Themanregardsthewomanasagoodlistener.

C.Thewomanwantstotrysomethingbeyondhercapacity.

D.Thewomaniswillingtobeginfromtheentry-levelposition.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:ThisismyfirstjobaftergraduatingfromuniversityandIamverykeentostartfromthebottomin

whatevercapacityImaybeofuse.

M:Thafsgoodtohear.Yousoundveryenergetic.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Towitnessthedevelopmentofacity.B.Totapherpotentialwell.

C.Tocontributenoticeablytoacity.D.Todoresearchonmaterials.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Wow,you'vedecidedtostudyarchitecture.

W:Yes.Duetoitsmaterialnature,architectureisonefieldwhereIwillbeabletoclearlywitnessthecontributionI

maketoacity.

Q:Whydoesthewomandecidetostudyarchitecture?

10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

A.Whichcountriesaresimilar?B.Howtofixthings?

C.Howtokeepfit?D.Whoarefacingtheseproblems?

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:Peoplereadmybooksbecausemorethan60%ofAmericansareoverweight,andothercountriesare

facingsimilarproblems.

M:Basically,weallwanttoknowhowtofixthings.

Q:Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobethetopicofthewoman'sbook?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearonelongerconversationandtwoshortpassages.After

eachconversationorpassage,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Theconversationandthe

passageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

11.

A.Healthydiets.B.Goodsleepquality.

C.Costefficiency.D.Senseofsafety.

12.

A.Theyareequippedwithcomputers.B.Theyaretechnology-supported.

C.Theycankeepweatherrecords.D.Theyhaveseveralelectricitypanels.

13.

A.Deliveringfoodtothosewhoneedit.

B.Takingfriendsanywhereintheworld.

C.Streamingvideosoftheirnewwayoflife.

D.Meetingthebasicneedsofpeopleinremoteareas.

14.

A.Itisacceptable.B.Itisexpensive.

C.Itisoutofdate.D.Itisproblematic.

【答案】11.C12.B13.C14.A

【解析】

【原文】W:So,I'vebeenthinking,thissummerholiday,I'dHketotryrentingamotorhomeandexploringabit

more.

M:Amotorhome?Youmeantospendthesummerlivinginacar?

W:Yes,amotorhome.Andno,ifsnothinglikelivinginacar.Thesearepropervehicleswithfullsizebedstosleep

in.Someevenhavekitchens.Thisway,wewouldn'thavetobelockedintooneplaceduringourholiday.We'dbe

abletovisitmoreplacesandtravelatourownpace.We'dprobablysavealotofmoneyaswell.

M:Ithinkmygrandfatherhadavehiclelikethat.Itdoesn'tsoundthatattractivetome.

W:Today'smotorhomesarecompletelydifferent.Thesedays,they'reequippedwithallthemodemcomforts.I've

seenquiteafewwithsolarpanelsthatprovideelectricitywhenyou'restopped.Thisway,youcanstilluseyour

computerorchargeyourphone.AndmostevenhaveWi-Fi,soiftheweather'snotgreat,youcouldstreamvideos.

M:I'mwarminguptotheidea.Keeptalking.

W:Loadsofpeoplearecommittingtothistrendfulltime.Checkitoutonline.Lotsofpeoplestreamvideosoftheir

alternativelifestylesandactuallyearnasalary.Imaginehavingthatkindoffreedomtogoanywhereyouwantand

workfromanywhereintheworld.

M:Okay,wecanconsiderit.Aslongasthebasicneedsliketoiletandshowersarecovered,I'mdefinitelyin.Do

youthinktherewillbeenoughroomformymountainbike?Whataboutfooddelivery?Willwebeabletoorderto

themotorhome?Willtherebeenoughspaceforthedog?Wewouldn'twanttoleavehimbehind.

W:Slowdown.Gladyou'reexcitedaboutit.Lefsstartbylookingatwhafsavailablefirst.

11.Accordingtothewoman,whatbenefitdoestravellinginamotorhomebring?

12.Whichofthefollowingisafeatureoftoday?smotorhomes?

13.Accordingtothewoman,howdolotsofpeopleearnasalarywiththeirmotorhomes?

14.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsamotorhomeattheendoftheconversation?

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

15.

A.Beinggenerous.B.Listinghouseholdduties.

C.Followingtheroommate'sadvice.D.Establishingrules.

16.

A.Topushhimorhertocleanitnexttime.B.Topreventfriction.

C.Togothroughahardtimegracefully.D.Toshowyourkindness.

17.

A.Doingtimemachineexperimentsisunsafe.

B.Nobodycanbeartheloudsoundatlatenight.

C.Communicationiskeytolivingtogetherinpeace.

D.Itisbettertokeepawkwardexperiencesasasecret.

【答案】15.D16.D17.C

【解析】

【原文】Todaywe'regoingtotalkabouthowtobeorhavearoommate.Herearethreetips.Tipl:Setrulesearlyon,

rightbeforeyoustarttoliveunderoneroof.Whobuysgarbagebags?Whotakesouttherubbishfromthekitchenand

thebathroom?AretherePhonezones?Tip2:Begenerous.Listen,peopleispeople,andwhentwopeopleliveina

closedspace,there'sgoingtobesomefriction.Soeveryonceinawhile,dothingsthataren'texpectedofyou.For

example,maybecleanthebathroomforyourroommatewhenheorsheishavingastressfultimeatschoolorwork.

Thisisn'taboutbeingapushover.Ifsaboutgivingtheotherpersonabitofthesamegracethatyou'dlikehimorher

togivetoyou.Tip3:Keepthelinesofcommunicationopen.Youmayassumethatyourroommateisokaywithallthe

latenightexplosionscomingfromyourroombecauseofyourtimemachineexperiments,butitneverhurtstotellhim

orherbeforehand.Itmightbeanawkwardconversation,buthere'sanadulthoodsecret:awkwardnessandunsafety

areoftenthepriceofadmissiontomakethingsmoreawesome.

15.Whatdocsthespeakersuggestdoingbeforepeoplestarttohavearoommate?

16.Whydoesthespeakersuggestyourcleaningthebathroomforyourroommateunderpressure?

17.WhatcanwelearnfromTip3?

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

18.

A.Whyweneedtowritedownourplans.

B.Whysometasksorresponsibilitiesmatter.

C.Whyitisnecessarytosparetimeforhandwriting.

D.Whyweshouldletgoofsomeunimportantthings.

19.

A.Bemoremotivatedatwork.

B.Reconsiderthevalueofatask.

C.Fulfillourcommitmenttothecommunity.

D.Raiseourawarenessofsocialresponsibility.

20.

A.Givingthemup.B.Assigningthemtoothers.

C.Typingthemdown.D.Addingtotheirmeaningfulness.

【答案】18.A19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】I'malwaysaskedthisquestion:inthedigitalage,whyisitnecessarytomakeplansbywritingthemdown

byhand?Well,eventhoughit'smucheasierandfastertotype,writingenablesustoslowdown,whichhelpsuspause

beforeweproceed.Itgivesusjustenoughtimetoaskareallyimportantquestion:"Isthistaskorresponsibilityeven

worththeeffortitwilltaketowritedown?”Iftheanswerisyes,thenthischoiceprovideswithanopportunityto

recommittoyourtaskorresponsibility.Thismeansthatyouhavetothinkaboutwhyifsimportantandremains

meaningful,andthatawarenesscanbereallymotivating.Ontheotherhand,iftheanswerisno,whichmeans

somethingisnotimportantenoughforthetimeittakestowritedown,thenchancesare,it'snotaddingalotofvalue

toyourlife.Ifsprobablyjustadistractionandyoucanletitgo.

18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

19.Accordingtothespeaker,whatdoesthepausebeforeweproceedenableustodo?

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingwiththetasksnotworthwritingdown?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

WalkingandUsingaPhoneisBadforYourHealth

Spendtimeonanycrowdedsidewalkandyou'llseeheadsbentoverandeyescastdownward.Onerecentstudy

ofcollegestudentsfoundthataquarterofpeoplecrossingintersections21(absorb)inadevice.Thatscreenin

yourhandisn9tjustdistractingyourattention.Italsochangesyourmood,yourmannerofwalkingandetc.一and

affectsyourabilitytogetfrompointAtopointB22runningintotrouble.

Whenyouwalkanduseaphoneatthesametime,youautomaticallyadjust23youmove.Videofootage

ofwalkershasshownthatpeopleonphoneswalkabout10percentslowerthanthoseundistractedones.These

changescanblocktrafficonthesidewalk.And24walkingmakesupabigportionofyourdailyphysical

activity,walkingmoreslowlymayhaveimpactsforyourfitness.

Lookingdownatasmartphonewhilewalkingcanalsoincreasetheamountofforce25(place)onthe

neckandupperbackmuscles,whichcouldreducebalanceandincreasetheriskoffalls.

Ifsnowwidelyacceptedthatwalkinginnaturalspacesisgoodforyourmentalhealth.Itappearsthat26

(get)thesebenefits,it'simportantthatyourattentionisontheenvironment,ratherthanonyourphone.

Mostofusunderstandthatwalkingandusingaphonecanberisky.Somecities,likeHonolulu,27(pass)

lawstocontroldistractedwalkers.Butresearchonthosedangershasturnedupsomesurprises.Onestudyhaslooked

attheconnectionbetween“phone-relateddistractedwalking^^andemergencydepartmentvisits.Usinggovernment

data28(extend)overtheyears2011to2019,theresearchersturnedupnearly30,000walkinginjuries

occasionedbyphones.

Ifyou'redistractedbyaphone,you'redefinitelyputting29atsomerisk.Sohowdoyoustaysafe?Ifyou

dowalkanduseyourdeviceatthesametime,stopwhenyou'rearoundstairs,crosswalksandmessyoruneven

ground,30accidentsaremorelikelytooccur.

【答案】21.wereabsorbed

22.without

23.how24.if##since

25.placed26.toget

27.havepassed

28.extending

29.yourself

30.where

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了在任何一個擁擠的人行道上，你都會看到人們低下頭，眼睛向下看。

最近一項針對大學(xué)生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，四分之一的人在過十字路口時會全神貫注地玩手機。

[21題詳解】

考查固定短語。句意：最近一項針對大學(xué)生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，四分之一的人在過十字路口時會全神貫注地玩手

機。短語beabsorbedin表示“全神貫注于”，此處主句found可知為一般過去時，從句用一般過去時，

主語為aquarterofpeople,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填wereabsorbed0

【22題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：它還會改變你的情緒，你走路的方式等等，并影響你從A點到B點而不遇到麻煩的能力。

后跟動名詞作賓語，表示‘'不"應(yīng)用介詞without。故填without。

【23題詳解】

考查賓語從句。句意：當(dāng)你一邊走路一邊使用手機時，你會自動調(diào)整你的移動方式。引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句

缺少方式狀語，故填how。

【24題詳解】

考查狀語從句。句意：如果/既然步行占你日常體育活動的很大一部分，那么走得慢一點可能會對你的健康

產(chǎn)生影響。此處可理解為條件狀語從句，表示“如果”應(yīng)用if；或理解為原因狀語從句，表示“既然”用

sinceo故填if/since。

[25題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：走路時低頭看智能手機也會增加施加在脖子和上背部肌肉上的力量，這會降低平

衡能力，增加跌倒的風(fēng)險。此處place與force構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填placed。

【26題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：看來，為了獲得這些好處，你的注意力應(yīng)該放在環(huán)境上，而不是手機上。此處get

在句中作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故填t。get。

[27題詳解】

考查時態(tài)。句意：一些城市，如檀香山，已經(jīng)通過了法律來控制分心的行人。表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在

產(chǎn)生影響用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為cities,助動詞用have。故填havepassed。

【28題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意:研究人員利用2011年至2019年政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了近3萬起由手機引起的步行損

傷。此處extend與date構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填extending。

【29題詳解】

考查代詞。句意：如果你被手機分散了注意力，你肯定會把自己置于危險之中。結(jié)合語境，此處指“你自

己”應(yīng)用反身代詞yourself。故填yourself。

【30題詳解】

考查定語從句。句意：如果你一邊走路一邊使用電子設(shè)備，在樓梯、人行橫道和雜亂或不平整的地面附近

停下來，因為這些地方更容易發(fā)生事故。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞stairs,crosswalksandmessyoruneven

ground,在從句作地點狀語，故填where。

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.convincingB.disinformationC.hazardsD.illogicalE.maintainF.preview

G.publiclyH.racingI.responseJ.speedK.seemingly

OpenAIUnveilsA.I.thatInstantlyGeneratesEye-PoppingVideos

LastApril,aNewYorkstart-upcalledRunwayAIrevealedtechnologythatletpeoplegeneratevideos.The

four-secondvideoswereshadowyanddisturbing.Buttheywereaclearsignthatartificialintelligencetechnologies

wouldgenerateincreasingly31videossooner.Just10monthslater,OpenAIhasrevealedasimilarsystem,

Sora,thatcreatesvideosthatlookasiftheywereliftedfromaHollywoodmovie.

OpenAIisamongthemanycompanies32toimprovethiskindofinstantvideogenerator.The

technologycould33theworkofexperiencedmoviemakers.Itcouldalsobecomeaquickandinexpensive

wayofcreatingonline34、makingitevenhardertotellwhafsrealontheinternet.

Inaninterview,theteambehindthetechnologysaidthecompanywasnotyetreleasingSoratothepublic

becauseitwasstillworkingtounderstandthesystem's35.Theintentionhereistogivea(n)36ofwhat

islikelytohappensoon,sothatpeoplecanseethecapabilitiesofthistechnology.

LikeothergenerativeA.I.technologies,OpenAFssystemlearnsbyanalyzingdigitaldata——inthiscase,videos

andsubtitlesdescribingwhatthosevideoscontain.OpenAIdeclinedtosayhowmanyvideosthesystemlearnedfrom

orwheretheycamefrom,excepttosaythetrainingincludedboth37availablevideosandvideosthatwere

licensedfromcopyrightholders.Thecompanysayslittleaboutthedatausedtotrainitstechnologies,mostlikely

becauseitwantsto38anadvantageovercompetitors.

Sorageneratesvideosin39toshortdescriptions.Thoughthevideoscanbeimpressive,theymayinclude

strangeand40images.Thesystem,forexample,recentlygeneratedavideoofsomeoneeatingacookie一but

thecookienevergotanysmaller.

【答案】31.A32.H

33.J34.B

35.C36.F

37.G38.E

39.140.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。主要說明了OpenAI推出即時生成令人瞠目結(jié)舌視頻的人工智能，這項技術(shù)可

以加快經(jīng)驗豐富的電影制作人的工作速度。

【31題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：但它們清楚地表明，人工智能技術(shù)將更快地制作出越來越有說服力的視頻。根據(jù)“Just

10monthslater,OpenAIhasrevealedasimilarsystem,Sora,thatcreatesvideosthatlookasiftheywereliftedfrom

aHollywoodmovie.（僅僅10個月后，OpenAI就發(fā)布了一個類似的系統(tǒng)Sora,它可以制作看起來像是從好萊

塢電影中摘取的視頻）”以及句意“有說服力的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞convincing,作定語修飾名詞videos。故選

Ao

【32題詳解】

考查動詞。句意:OpenAI是眾多競相改進(jìn)這種即時視頻生成器的公司之一。根據(jù)“toimprovethiskindof

instantvideogenerator^以及句意“競相”可知應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞racing,作定語修飾名詞companies。故選H。

[33題詳解】

考查動詞。句意：這項技術(shù)可以加快經(jīng)驗豐富的電影制作人的工作速度。根據(jù)"Itcouldalsobecomeaquick

andinexpensiveway"以及句意“加快”可知應(yīng)填動詞speed,且could后跟動詞原形。故選J。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：它還可能成為一種快速而廉價的制造網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛假信息的方式，使人們更難在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上分辨

什么是真實的。根據(jù)^makingitevenhardertotellwhafsrealontheinternet以及句意“虛假信息”可知應(yīng)

填名詞disinformation,故選B。

【35題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：在一次采訪中，該技術(shù)背后的團隊表示，該公司尚未向公眾發(fā)布Sora,因為它仍在努力

了解該系統(tǒng)的危害。根據(jù)umakingitevenhardertotellwhafsrealontheinternet^以及句意“危害”可知應(yīng)

填復(fù)數(shù)名詞hazards,作賓語。故選C。

36題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：這里的目的是對可能很快發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行預(yù)覽，以便人們可以看到這項技術(shù)的功能。根

據(jù)sothatpeoplecanseethecapabilitiesofthistechnology以及句意“預(yù)覽”可知應(yīng)填名詞preview,作賓

語，不定冠詞提示用單數(shù)。故選F。

【37題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：OpenAI拒絕透露該系統(tǒng)從多少視頻中學(xué)習(xí)，也不愿透露這些視頻來自哪里，只是說培訓(xùn)

包括公開可用的視頻和從版權(quán)所有者那里獲得許可的視頻。根據(jù)uavailablevideosandvideosthatwere

licensedfromcopyrightholders以及句意“公開”可知應(yīng)填副詞publicly,修飾形容詞available。故選G。

【38題詳解】

考查動詞。句意：該公司很少提及用于培訓(xùn)其技術(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)，很可能是因為它希望保持對競爭對手的優(yōu)勢。

根據(jù)^anadvantageovercompetitors^以及句意“保持”可知應(yīng)填動詞maintain,為不定式作賓語。故選E。

[39題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：Sora根據(jù)簡短的描述生成視頻。根據(jù)以及句意“根據(jù)”可知應(yīng)填名詞response,作賓

語。故選L

[40題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：雖然這些視頻可能令人印象深亥IJ,但它們可能包含奇怪和不合邏輯的圖像。根據(jù)“strange”

以及句意“不合邏輯的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞illogical,修飾名詞images。故選D。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

MyfatherdecidedtostartlearningFrenchwhenhewas57.Onthesurface,hisretirementhobbyseemsalittle

random——ourfamilyhasnoconnectiontoFrench-speakingcountries-buthis41randeeperthanapassion

forcakes.MygrandmotherdevelopedsignsofAlzheimersdisease（B可爾茲海默癥）inherearly70s,andstudies

suggestthatbeingbilingual,thatis,beingabletospeaktwolanguagesequallywell,can42thestartofthe

conditionbyuptofiveyears.Drawnbythat43benefit,manypeoplehaveattemptedtopickupanew

languageinadulthood.

Lotsofactivitiesarelinkedtobetterbrainhealthinoldage,likegettingmoreeducationwhenyou'reyounger

andphysicalactivity.Expertssayregularlyspeakingmultiplelanguagesmaybeespecially44though."We

uselanguageinallaspectsofdailylife,soabilingualbrainis45working/9saidMarkAntoniou,aprofessorat

WesternSydneyUniversitywhospecializesinbilingualism.

Theageatwhichyoulearnanotherlanguageappearstobelessimportantthanhow46youspeakit.The

cognitive（認(rèn)矢口的）benefitisfromhavingto47yourmothertongue,whichyourbrainisforcedtodoifyou're

tryingtorecalltherightwordsinanotherlanguage.Soifthesecondlanguageisusedalot,you'regettingthat

cognitive48.Thatprocessiscalledcognitiveinhibition.Intheory,byimprovingthesetypesofprocesses,the

brainbecomesstrongertothe49causedbydiseaseslikedementia.Thestrongeryourmentalpower,the

thinkinggoes,thelongeryoucanfunctionnormally,evenifyourbrainhealthstartsto50.

However,evidenceforthebenefitsoflearningasecondlanguageasahobbyinyour60sis51.Research

byDr.AntoniouandcolleaguesfoundthatwhileChineseadults60andupimprovedoncognitiontestsaftera

six-monthlanguagelearningprogram,peoplewhoplayedgameslikeSudokudidaswell.Twomorerecentstudieson

thetopicfoundvirtuallyno52incognitiveperformanceafterpeopletookpartinlanguage-learningprograms.

Thescientistswhoconductedthosestudiesofferedafewpotential53.Oneisthattheparticipantswere

highlymotivatedvolunteers,whomayhavealreadybeenatpeakperformancefortheirage,makingithardtoseeany

54.Anotheristhatthelanguageinterventionswereperhapstooshort.Thehandfulofstudieslookingintothe

issuehaveusedlanguagelessonsthatwereverydifferentintheir55andfrequency.Somestudiestaught

participantsforeightmonths,othersforjustoneveryintenseweek.

41.A.affectionB.contributionC.motivationD.struggle

42.A.delayB.preventC.signalD.stimulate

43.A.additionalB.educationalC.lastingD.potential

44.A.beneficialB.commonC.impracticalD.rare

45.A.carelesslyB.constantlyC.creativelyD.delicately

46.A.longB.oftenC.soonD.well

47.A.commandB.practiceC.restrictD.spread

48.A.functionB.psychologyC.systemD.training

49.A.damagesB.operationsC.painsD.signs

50.A.declineB.improveC.matterD.restore

51.A.availableB.mountingC.strongerD.weaker

52.A.differenceB.involvementC.pointD.reduction

53.A.applicationsB.explanationsC.findingsD.suggestions

54.A.diversitiesB.improvementsC.outcomesD.possibilities

55.A.contentB.intentionC.lengthD.requirement

【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.A45.B46.B47.C48.D49.A50.A51.

D52.A53.B54.B55.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了能說兩種語言，可以將癡呆癥發(fā)病時間推遲至多5年，由于這

種潛在的好處，許多人試圖在成年后學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言。專家表示，經(jīng)常說多種語言可能特別有益。

[41題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從表面上看，他的退休愛好似乎有點隨意一一我們家與法語國家沒有任何聯(lián)系

----但他的動機比對蛋糕的熱愛更深層次。A.affection喜愛；B.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；C.motivation動機；D.

struggle努力o根據(jù)上文“MyfatherdecidedtostartlearningFrenchwhenhewas57.（我父親在57歲時決定開

始學(xué)習(xí)法語）”可知，此處指父親學(xué)習(xí)法語的動機比對蛋糕的熱愛更深層次。故選C。

【42題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的祖母在70歲出頭時出現(xiàn)了阿爾茨海默氏癥的跡象，研究表明，會說雙語，

也就是能說兩種語言，可以將這種疾病的發(fā)病時間推遲至多5年。A.delay推遲；B.prevent阻止；C.signal

示意；D.stimulate激勵。根據(jù)后文"benefit,manypeoplehaveattemptedtopickupanewlanguageinadulthoodw

可知，此處指研究表明，會說雙語，也就是能說兩種語言，可以將這種疾病的發(fā)病時間推遲至多5年。故

選Ao

【43題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于這種潛在的好處，許多人試圖在成年后學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言。A.additional

附加的；B.educational教育的；C.lasting持久的;D.potential潛在的。結(jié)合上文提到研究表明，會說雙語,

也就是能說兩種語言，可以將癡呆癥的發(fā)病時間推遲至多5年，所以是潛在的好處，故選D。

【44題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：專家表示，經(jīng)常說多種語言可能特別有益。A.beneficial有益的；B.common

共同的；C.impractical不明智的；D.rare罕見的。根據(jù)上文KLotsofactivitiesarelinkedtobetterbrainhealthin

oldage,likegettingmoreeducationwhenyou'reyoungerandphysicalactivity.（許多活動都與老年時更好的大腦

健康有關(guān)，比如年輕時接受更多的教育和體育鍛煉）”提到了許多活動都與老年時更好的大腦健康有關(guān)，比

如年輕時接受更多的教育和體育鍛煉，而專家表示經(jīng)常說多種語言可能特別有益。故選A。

[45題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：西悉尼大學(xué)專門研究雙語的教授馬克?安東尼奧說：“我們在日常生活的各個

方面都使用語言，所以雙語大腦一直在工作。"A.carelessly馬虎地；B.constantly不斷地；C.creatively創(chuàng)

造性地；D.delicately微妙地。根據(jù)上文"Weuselanguageinallaspectsofdailylife,soabilingualbrainis”指

會說雙語的大腦一直在工作。故選B。

[46題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:你學(xué)習(xí)另一門語言的年齡似乎沒有你說這門語言的頻率重要。A.long長地;B.often

經(jīng)常；C.soon很快；D.well好地。根據(jù)上文“regularlyspeaking”可知，學(xué)習(xí)另一門語言的年齡似乎沒有你

說這門語言的頻率重要。故選B。

[47題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：認(rèn)知上的好處是必須限制你的母語，如果你試圖用另一種語言回憶正確的單詞，

你