2024屆黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)5月聯(lián)合模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（附答案解析）

2024屆黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市高三下學(xué)期5月聯(lián)合模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)

試題

學(xué)校:姓名：班級(jí)：考號(hào)：

一、閱讀理解

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=

10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.Allthe

assignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningand

coursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework

(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-class

writingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass*

lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto

timeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedat

home,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperiod

itislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Daily

assignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofan

excusedabsencewillbeaccepted.

1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

2.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou5re

lookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthat

bandwagon.

IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwas

livingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletely

zerowastelikeme.I'velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou'llfind

encouragingifyou'redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeina

not-always-supportivehousehold.

Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.Iremembershowingmy

parentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,

andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,

andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabit

discouraging.

Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyown

reach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn'tneed.SinceIhadmyown

toiletries（洗漱用品），Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialso

offeredtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowaste

groceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon'tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontrol

overyourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.

Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourself

ifotherscommentonwhatyou'redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.If

youhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon'tdomuchandcanoften

leaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.

Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.

4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords'jumponthatbandwagon“meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Shareanapartmentwithyou.B.Joinyouinwhatyou'redoing.

C.Transformyourwayofliving.D.Helpyoutomakethedecision.

5.Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor'sfathertowardbuyinggrocerieswithjars?

A.Hedisapprovedofit.B.Hewasfavorabletoit.

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C.Hewastolerantofit.D.Hedidn'tcareaboutit.

6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A.Sheisquitegoodatcooking.B.Sherespectsothers9privacy.

C.Sheenjoysbeingahousewife.D.Sheisadeterminedperson.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.

B.Howtohaveone'sownpersonalspaceathome.

C.Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.

D.Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.

Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Last

week,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatits

humanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israefsformernationaldebatingchampion.

Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromits

libraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekinds

oferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointto

afundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputer

scienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:"There'sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhat

ifstalkingabout/9

WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhat

distinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputer

workswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsinto

another.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningis

irrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butfor

humans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmatters

isnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbut

whattheymean.

Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interaction

thatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjust

insideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocial

relations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.Andthafswhy,howeverastonishing

ProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwith

artificialintelligence.

8.WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplaintheuseofasoftwareprogram.

B.ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.

C.TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater.

D.Toemphasizethefairnessofthecompetition.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles“inparagraph2referto?

A.Arguments.B.Doubts.C.Errors.D.Differences.

10.WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?

A.Createrules.B.Comprehendmeaning.

C.Talkfluently.D.Identifydifficultwords.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols.

B.Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped.

C.Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters.

D.Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture.

Asweage,evenifwe'rehealthy,theheartjustisn'tasefficientinprocessingoxygenasit

usedtobe.Inmostpeoplethefirstsignsshowupintheir50sorearly60s.Andamongpeoplewho

don'texercise,thechangescanstartevensooner.

“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20years

anditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversity

ofTexas.Thafswhathappenstotheheart.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthat

evenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyour

agingheart.

Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64whodidnot

exercisemuchbutwereotherwisehealthy.Participantswererandomlydividedintotwogroups.

Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobic（無(wú)氧）exercise-balancetrainingand

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weighttraining-threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseunder

theguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsaw

remarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.

“Wetookthese5O-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,9,

saysLevine.64Andthereasontheygotsomuchstrongerandfitterwasthattheirheartscouldnow

fillalotbetterandpump（泵送）alotmorebloodduringexercise.^^Buttheheartsofthosewho

participatedinlessintenseexercisedidn'tchange,hesays.

“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven?talready,isinlatemiddleagewhen

theheartstillhasflexibility,Levinesays."Weputhealthy70-year-oldsthroughayearlong

exercisetrainingprogram,andnothinghappenedtothematall.^^

Dr.NiecaGoldberg,aspokeswomanfortheAmericanHeartAssociation,saysLevine's

findingsareagreatstart.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroups

ofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.

12.WhatdoesLevinewanttoexplainbymentioningtherubberband?

A.Therightwayofexercising.B.Thecausesofaheartattack.

C.Thedifficultyofkeepingfit.D.Theagingprocessoftheheart.

13.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?

A.Dietplan.B.Professionalbackground.

C.Exercisetype.D.Previousphysicalcondition.

14.WhatdoesLevine^researchfind?

A.Middle-agedheartsgetyoungerwithaerobicexercise.

B.High-intensityexerciseismoresuitablefortheyoung.

C.Itisnevertoolateforpeopletostarttakingexercise.

D.Themoreexercisewedo,thestrongerourheartsget.

15.WhatdoesDr.NiecaGoldbergsuggest?

A.Makinguseofthefindings.B.Interviewingthestudyparticipants.

C.Conductingfurtherresearch.D.Clarifyingthepurposeofthestudy.

Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbook

yournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,ifscomfortableand

relaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.

Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,sellout

veryquickly.16Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,ifsagoodideatomakeyour

reservationsatleast90daysinadvance.

Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghim

double-checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agood

onecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.17Thenyouwon'thavetowalkthrough

severalcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.

Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketfor

free,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.18Inthesummerinparticular,theair

conditioningcanmakethemquitecold.

Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,so

missingyourscanbeadisaster.19Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparture

times,notarrivaltimes.

Havefun.20Readabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworld

unfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofseconds

inanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwo

mileposts).Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you'regoing67.92mph.

A.Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.

B.You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.

C.Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.

D.Thafsparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.

E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.

F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.

G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthafsrightnexttothediner.

二、完形填空

OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.Melanie

Baileyshouldhave21thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her22camebecauseshe

試卷第6頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

wascarryinga23acrossthefinishline.

Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher

24whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She25tohelpherfellow

runner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith26.

Shecouldn't.Baileythen27toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthe

waytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget28attention.

Oncethere,Lenouewas29andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthat

shehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme30

tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.

AsforBailey,sheismore31aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig32.

“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't33her,“Baileytoldthereporter.t6IfeellikeIwasjust

doingtherightthing.^^

Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe34,they'vesince

becomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe35ofhumankindnesswontheday.

21.A.designedB.followedC.changedD.finished

22.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuse

23.A.judgeB.volunteerC.classmateD.competitor

24.A.raceB.schoolC.townD.training

25.A.agreedB.returnedC.stoppedD.promised

26.A.courageB.aidC.patienceD.advice

27.A.wentawayB.stoodupC.steppedasideD.bentdown

28.A.medicalB.publicC.constantD.equal

29.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated

30.A.hungerB.painC.coldD.tiredness

31.A.worriedB.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged

32.A.gameB.problemC.lessonD.deal

33.A.leaveB.cureC.botherD.understand

34.A.rideB.testC.meetD.show

35.A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange

三、語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

DuringChina'sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijing36arranged

theresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.Theterm“hutong”,37(original)

meaning“waterwell“inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.

IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,38(surround)in

concentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses

39(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-ranking

officialsandwealthybusinessmenoften40(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroof

beamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedby41(space)

homesandwalledgardens.Fartherfromthecenterlivedthecommonersandlaborers.Their

siheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand42(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthe

hutongswerenarrower.

HutongsrepresentanimportantculturalelementofthecityofBeijing.ThankstoBeijing's

longhistory43capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareeven

associatedwithhistoric44(event).Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculture

representedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongs

reflect45cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.

四、書信寫作

46.假定你是李華，你校圖書館新開(kāi)設(shè)“小組學(xué)習(xí)室"，請(qǐng)你給你的留學(xué)生同學(xué)Michael寫一

封信，邀請(qǐng)他一同體驗(yàn)，內(nèi)容包括：

1.位置與開(kāi)放時(shí)間；2.室內(nèi)設(shè)施和功能。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

試卷第8頁(yè)，共10頁(yè)

五、書面表達(dá)

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.

Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwas

onlymysecondlanguage.Writingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowed

metopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedallthe

parts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.

So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:

“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotat

this."Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.

IchosePaulReveredhorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith（車艮匠）inBoston

whorodeahorseatnightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswere

coming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse9smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;and

unlikelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.

Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Did

hewanttoquit?Isympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,like

Reveredhorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersisterto

correctmygrammar.IcheckedoutahalfdozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ieven

readafewofthem.

WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,"'Great.

Now,writeitagain.^^Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethought

ofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn'twin,Iwouldn'tcare.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.

Iwenttomyteacher9sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.

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參考答案:

1.C2.B3.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。

1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題"GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature（文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)

分辦法）“和Essays（60%）部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthe

gradeofforthiscourse（你的四篇主要文章將構(gòu)成本課程評(píng)分的主要部分）”可知，文章介紹了

文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。由此推知，本文是出自一個(gè)課程計(jì)劃。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標(biāo)題"Essays（60%）”以及“GroupAssignments（30%）”和“Daily

Work/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework（10%）”可知，學(xué)生的最終成績(jī)由3

部分組成。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題o根據(jù)"LateWork”部分"Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,it

willearnazero.（如果沒(méi)有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會(huì)得到零分）”可知，如果在截止日

期后一周才交文章，你將會(huì)得零分。故選A項(xiàng)。

【點(diǎn)睛】

4.B5.A6.D7.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零浪費(fèi)的生活方式。

4.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線部分前文“Chancesarethatifyou'relookingtoliveamoresustainable

lifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto（如果你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能

不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好）”及第二段中的"I'velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,

whichIhopeyou'llfindencouragingifyou'redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethe

changeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.（在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西,我希望如果

你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改變，你會(huì)感到鼓舞）”可知，

如果你想過(guò)一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng)。由

此推知，劃線詞組jumponthatbandwagon與Joinyouinwhatyou9redoing.（加入你正在做的

事情）意思接近。故選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowaste

groceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoff

asabitdiscouraging.（幾天后，我?guī)е谝还蘖銖U物雜貨回來(lái)了，我父親評(píng)論說(shuō)，我到處帶著

答案第1頁(yè)，共11頁(yè)

罐子是多么愚蠢。結(jié)果有點(diǎn)令人沮喪）”可推知，作者的父親不贊成用罐子買食品雜貨。故選

Ao

6.推理判斷題o根據(jù)第四段中的"Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatI

couldthatwaswithinmyownreach.（然而，隨著減少浪費(fèi)的幾個(gè)月的持續(xù)，我盡了自己力所

能及的努力）“及“Perhapsyourhouseholdwon'tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesome

controloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.（也許你的家庭不會(huì)完全

改變，但你可以控制自己的個(gè)人空間，做出你想要的改變）”可推知，作者是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的

人。故選D。

7.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Chancesarethatifyou'relookingtoliveamoresustainable

lifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.（如果你想過(guò)——種更

可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好加入這一運(yùn)動(dòng)）”及第二段中的“I've

learnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou'llfindencouragingifyou'redoing

yourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.（在這

個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)到了一些東西，我希望如果你在一個(gè)不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄

清楚如何做出改變，你會(huì)感到鼓舞）”可知，文章主要講述了作者如何在家庭中過(guò)零浪費(fèi)的生

活方式。故選C。

【點(diǎn)睛】

8.B9.C10.B11.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹的是在辯論中戰(zhàn)勝人類的名為ProjectDebater的軟

件程序。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的"Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftware

programcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israefsformer

nationaldebatingchampion.（上周,在舊金山的一場(chǎng)公開(kāi)辯論中，一個(gè)名為ProjectDebater的

軟件程序擊敗了它的人類對(duì)手，其中包括以色列前全國(guó)辯論冠軍NoaOvadia。廣可知，作者

在第一段提到NoaOvadia的目的是展示ProjectDebater的聰明。故選B。

9.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.It

takessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.

Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.（盡管ProjectDebater很聰明，但它也

有一些弱點(diǎn)。它從文檔庫(kù)和預(yù)先構(gòu)建的參數(shù)中提取句子，并將它們串在一起。這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致

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人類不會(huì)犯的錯(cuò)誤。）”和“willnodoubtbeironedout（毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)會(huì)被解決）”可知，劃線詞所在

句子表示“這樣的錯(cuò)誤會(huì)被糾正，被解決”，劃線詞wrinkles的意思是“錯(cuò)誤”，和errors意思

相近，故選C。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,

andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemost

intelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulesto

transformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.

Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.（Hammond所指的是意義的問(wèn)題，而意義是區(qū)分最

不聰明的人類和最聰明的機(jī)器的關(guān)鍵。計(jì)算機(jī)使用符號(hào)。它的程序指定了一組將一串符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)

換為另一串符號(hào)的規(guī)則。但它并沒(méi)有具體說(shuō)明這些符號(hào)的含義。事實(shí)上，對(duì)于計(jì)算機(jī)來(lái)說(shuō)，

意義是無(wú)關(guān)緊要的。）“可知，根據(jù)Hammond的說(shuō)法，ProjectDebater不能理解意義，故選B。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,not

ofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthat

assignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,social

conventionsandsocialrelations.（意義的產(chǎn)生是通過(guò)社會(huì)互動(dòng)的過(guò)程，而不是計(jì)算的過(guò)程，這

種互動(dòng)塑造了我們頭腦中符號(hào)的內(nèi)容。賦予意義的規(guī)則不僅存在于我們的頭腦中，也存在于

社會(huì)之外，存在于社會(huì)記憶、社會(huì)習(xí)俗和社會(huì)關(guān)系中。）”可知，從最后一段我們能了解到社

會(huì)互動(dòng)是理解符號(hào)的關(guān)鍵。故選A。

【點(diǎn)睛】

12.D13.C14.A15.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是鍛煉對(duì)于心臟的好處。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“"Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butput

itinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,saysDr.BenLevine,aheart

specialistattheUniversityofTexas.Thafswhathappenstotheheart.‘想想橡皮筋。一開(kāi)始，它

是靈活的，但把它放在抽屜里20年，它就會(huì)變得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克薩斯大學(xué)的心臟

專家本?萊文博士說(shuō)。這就是心臟的變化。廣可知，萊文想通過(guò)提到橡皮筋來(lái)解釋心臟的老化

過(guò)程，故選D。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的"Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobic

exercise-balancetrainingandweighttraining-threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdid

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high-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.（第——

組每周參加三次非有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)——平衡訓(xùn)練和重量訓(xùn)練。第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進(jìn)行4

天或更多的高強(qiáng)度有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)。）”可知，兩組在研究設(shè)計(jì)上的不同在于運(yùn)動(dòng)類型的不同，故選

Co

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseunderthe

guidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsaw

remarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.（第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進(jìn)行4天或更多的高強(qiáng)

度有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)。兩年后，第二組的心臟健康狀況有了顯著改善。廣和第四段的“Wetookthese

50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts/saysLevine.（萊文

說(shuō):“我們把這些50歲的心臟的時(shí)鐘撥回30或35歲的心臟。可知，萊文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了通

過(guò)有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，中年人的心臟會(huì)變得更年輕，故選A。

15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfar

largergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggest

difference.（但這項(xiàng)研究的規(guī)模很小，需要在更大的人群中重復(fù)進(jìn)行，以確定日常鍛煉的哪些

方面會(huì)產(chǎn)生最大的影響。廠可知，妮卡?戈德堡博士建議進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究。故選C。

16.D17.G18.C19.E20.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述一些關(guān)于如何使坐火車旅行盡可能愉快的建議。

16.根據(jù)上文“Planahead.Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,

selloutveryquickly.（提前計(jì)劃。大多數(shù)長(zhǎng)途火車，尤其是臥鋪，很快就賣光了。）”以及下文“But

nomatterwhenyoutravel,ifsagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.

（但無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候去旅行，最好至少提前90天預(yù)訂。戶可知，大多數(shù)長(zhǎng)途火車的臥鋪很容

易被定完，所以要提前安排預(yù)定，D項(xiàng)“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，D項(xiàng)中“busy

summermonths”與前后文呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前計(jì)劃。故選D項(xiàng)。

17.根據(jù)上文“Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.（一個(gè)好的旅行社有時(shí)可

以幫你找到打折的票。）“以及下文"Thenyouwon'thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsona

movingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.（這樣你就不必為了吃飯而每天三次在行駛的火

車上穿過(guò)幾節(jié)車廂了。）”可知，好的旅行社幫你預(yù)定，不僅可以找到打折的票，還可以節(jié)省

從臥鋪到餐車的距離，G項(xiàng)中“bookyouinasleepingcarthafsrightnexttothediner”與前后文

對(duì)應(yīng)，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“他可能還會(huì)給你預(yù)訂餐廳旁邊的臥鋪車廂?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。

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18.根據(jù)上文“Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenif

yourtripisanovernightone.（當(dāng)你乘坐火車時(shí)，你不會(huì)免費(fèi)獲得一條毯子，即使你的旅行是過(guò)

夜的。）“以及下文"Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.（特

別是在夏天，空調(diào)會(huì)讓他們很冷。）”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問(wèn)題，提醒乘客最好自

備毛毯，C項(xiàng)中“Thetemperatureonrailcars”與前后文對(duì)應(yīng)，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“列車上的溫度通

常很難控制。”符合語(yǔ)境。故