河北省邢臺(tái)市多校2024屆高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷(含答案)

河北省邢臺(tái)市多校2024屆高三下學(xué)期模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

Keepingplantsathomeisahealthyandcomfortablewayoflife.Thefollowing

houseplantscancreateamostbeautifulpieceofgreenforyourhome.Bird5sNestFern（蕨）

Thebird'snestfernisagoodchoiceforanyonewithahousethatwouldn'tsupportsun-

lovingspecies.It'sahardyfernvarietyadaptingtolivingonforestfloors,wheretheairtends

tobecoolanddamp.Itlikestobemistedaswell,butthisdoesn'talwaysmeanyouneeda

mistingbottle一spraying（噴灑）itinthesinkorhangingitnearashoweroftenworksas

well.ChineseMoneyPlant

Thisisafloweringspeciesthatmightbemostappropriateforexperiencedplant

gardenerslookingforanewchallenge.Itprefersamoderateamountofindirectlight,and

tendstodryoutslightlybetweenwateringsessions.Itproducesnewplantseasilywithoutany

input,directlyfromitsrootsystem.Thesecancoexistinthesamepotfora

time.ResurrectionPlant

ThisnativeoftheMexicandeserthasadaptedtosurvivinginextremedroughtby

curling（蜷縮）intoaballandremaininginseeminglylifelessstateforyears,ifnecessary.In

thisform,itcanbetransportedbythewindacrossthedrylandscapetoareaswithwater.It

willrevivewithinhoursinashallowbowlofwater,unfoldingandtransformingintoafresh

andgreenmoss（苔葬）.SnakePlant

Thisisastrikinghouseplantthatcanbeanespeciallygoodoptionfornewplantowners

whoyoumightnottrusttokeepaplantalive.Itgrowshappilyinalmostanycondition.While

itprefersbrightlight,itdoesn'tmindshadeorevenartificiallight.Plus,thankstoitsthick,

fleshyleaves,itstoreswaterwithremarkableefficiency,whichmakesitsurvivewithout

waterintheearth.

1.Whatisspecialaboutthebird'snestfern?

A.Itprefersshade.B.Itissun-loving.

C.Ittendstogrowinthesink.D.Itcanreturntolifeafterdeath.

2.Whichplantwilltestitsowner9sgardeningskillmost?

A.Bird'snestfem.B.Chinesemoneyplant.

C.Resurrectionplant.D.Snakeplant.

3.Whatdoresurrectionplantandsnakeplanthaveincommon?

A.Theydemandattentiveowners.B.Theyareverydrought-tolerant.

C.Theywillcurlforself-protection.D.Theycanstorewaterfordrought.

Giventhatcancerisoneofthedeadliestdiseasesoutthere,anynewdevelopmentinour

fightagainstitishighlypraiseworthy.ThelatestbreakthroughwasmadebyHemanBekelein

2023,a14-year-oldstudentfromVirginia.Thestudenthascreatedabarsoaptotreatskin

cancer.Now,hisfindingshaveearnedhimthetitleofAmerica'sTopYoungScientist.

Bekeleremembershealwayssawpeoplewhowereconstantlyhitbytheglaringsunas

achild.Ashegrewupandbegantorealizetheriskslikeskincancerwereassociatedwithsun

exposure,theboydecidedtocomeupwithsolutions.

Whilesimilartreatmentsareavailable,Bekelehopedtoworkonamoreaffordable

alternative,especiallyforthoseindevelopingcountries."Iwantedtomakemyidea

somethingthatnotonlywasgreatintermsofsciencebutalsocouldbenefitasmanypeople

aspossible,“Bekelesays.Itisoftenthesimplesolutionsthatarethemosteffectivebecause

soapisadailyroutineformostpeople.

WiththeguidanceofDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,Bekelemade

hissoapbymixingregularsoapwithcompounds（化合物）thatslowlyreactivatedendritic

（枝狀的）cells.Whenthesoapisapplied,itreleasestoll-likereceptorsintoourskin.These

receptorsattachontodendriticcellswhichreactivatethem.Thereactivateddendriticcells

thenjoinwithTNiol2cellstofightcancercells.Ratherthanacure,Bekele9ssoapaimsto

helppeople'simmunecellsstayactivewhilefightingskincancer.

Fornow,theyoungscientisthopestoimprovehisinventionandcreateanon-profitto

distributethesoapamongthosewhoneeditmost."Ibelievethatyoungmindscanmakea

positiveimpactontheworld,“Bekelesaid."Ihaveastrongdesiretoknowhowthephysical

worldworksandhowtoimprovethelivesofitsinhabitants,andthischallengegivesmethe

perfectplatformtoshowcasemyideas.”

4.WhyisBekele'schildhoodexperiencementionedinparagraph2?

A.Toshowhisgeniusforscientificcreation.

B.Toexpresspeople'seagernessforhissoap.

C.Toexplainhismotivationtocreatethesoap.

D.Toremindpeopleoftheirsimilarmemories.

5.WhatdoesBekeleexpectabouthissoap?

A.Itcanbeadmirableforthedesign.

B.Itcanbeavailabletomorepeople.

C.Itwillbeeffectiveincuringanycancer.

D.Itwillbepioneeringintermsofscience.

6.Whatisparagraph4centeredon?

A.Thetreatmentprincipleofthesoap.

B.Thedamagecausedbyskincancer.

C.Thepreventionmeasuresofskincancer.

D.Theprofessionalevaluationofthesoap.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?

A.Creativeandloyal.B.Ambitiousandplain.

C.Curiousandadaptable.D.Sympatheticandcurious.

California^WaterResourcesControlBoardrecentlyapprovednewregulationsina

unanimous（一致同意的）vote-toiletorshowerwastewaterwillberecycledandpumped

intothepublicdrinkingwatersystem.

In2023,morethan97%ofCaliforniahasbeeninmoderatetoseveredrought,while

watersuppliersarestrugglingtokeepup.A2022watersupplyanddemandreportindicated

thataround18%ofwatersupplierswereatriskoffacingpotentialshortages.“Therealityis

thatanyoneoutthereonMississippiRiverandonColoradoRiver,andanyoneoutthere

takingdrinkingwaterdownstreamisalreadydrinking"toilettotap',"saidEsquivel,adirector

oftheBoard.

Earlyinthe1990s,thestatewasstrugglingtoovercomethedistasteitsresidentshad

towarddrinkingrecycledwater.Theireffortsfizzledoutwhenthephrase“toilettotap”

caughtonandmetwithfierceresistance.Theideabecametoounpopulartobeimplemented.

Despitethenegativename,theregulationsarethekeytoensuringthesupplyofdrinking

water.

California^newregulationswouldletwateragenciestotreatwastewater,andthenputit

backintothedrinkingwatersystem.Ithastakenofficialsmorethan10yearstodevelopthese

regulations,aprocessthatincludedseveralstudiesbyindependentgroupsofscientists.Toput

theschemeintoeffectandbuildhugewaterrecyclingplants,however,wateragenciessay

theywillneedtoprovetopeoplethatrecycledwaterisnotonlysafetodrinkbutalsounder

monitoring.

Thenewregulationsrequirethewastewaterbetreatedforallbacteriaandviruses.Infact,

thetreatmentissointensethatitremovesallofthemineralsthatmakefreshdrinkingwater

tastegood.Thatmeansthemineralsneedtobeaddedbackattheendoftheprocess."What

wehaveherearestandards,science,andimportantlymonitoringthatallowustohavesafe

purewater,andprobablybetterinmanyinstances/9saidEsquivel.Headdedthatittakestime

andmoneytobuildthesetreatmentcenters.So,theywillonlybeavailableforbiggercitiesat

first.

8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?

A.TohighlightthecurrentsevereclimatecrisisinCalifornia.

B.TodescribetheroleofCalifornia'snewwaterregulations.

C.TorevealthedistributionofwaterresourcesinCalifornia.

D.ToshowtheurgencyofwatersupplyreforminCalifornia.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fizzledout“inparagraph3mean?

A.Failed.B.Worked.C.Stoodout.D.Paidoff.

10.Whatiscriticalforwateragenciestoconducttherecyclingwastewaterproject?

A.Policiesfromthegovernment.B.Therecognitionbythepublic.

C.Scientificresearchonwastewater.D.Theconstructionofrecyclingplants.

11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Themineralswillbepreservedinthetreatment.

B.Thetreatmentcenterswillbebuiltinruralareas.

C.Therecycledwaterseemstobeofbetterquality.

D.Bacteriawillbeproducedinthetreatingprocess.

Extendedproducerresponsibility(EPR)referstoapolicyapproachwhereproducersare

givenresponsibilityfortheenvironmentalimpactsoftheirproductsthroughouttheproduct

lifecycle.Basedonthepolluterpaysprinciple,thisapproachrequiresproducerstofinancethe

costsofrecyclingordisposingofproductsthatconsumersnolongerwant.Itaimstoshiftthe

costsassociatedwiththemanagementofdealingwithsolidwasteawayfromthelocal

government.

ThetermEPRwasfirstcoinedin1990byaSwedishprofessor,ThomasLindhqvist,who

introducedtheideaofproducersbeingresponsiblefortheirproductstotheSwedishMinistry

oftheEnvironment.ThefirstexampleofEPRcameinGermanyin1991,where

manufacturerspickeduphouseholdpackagingalongsidemunicipalwastecollections.Since

1990,countriesaroundtheworldhaveadoptedEPRpoliciesaroundkeysectorssuchas

packaging,electronics,batteries,andvehicles.

EPRcreatesafinancialmotivationforproducerstodesignproductsthatlastlongerand

canberecycled.ThisisbecauseEPRplacestheend-of-lifecostsontheproducer.EPRhas

historicallybeensuccessfulinthemanagingofproductsthatposeriskstocommunitiessuch

asbatteries,paintandoldmedicines.EPRhasledmanyproducerstoredesigntheseitemsto

reducetheirrisks.Finally,duetoERPclosingtheloop（循環(huán)）onmaterialsmanagement,this

approachusesmuchlessenergythanittakestoproduceitemsfromthebeginning.

However,criticsofEPRhaveissueswithproducersaddingrecyclingcoststotheinitial

pricetagofaproduct.Anotherdisadvantageisthatattheinternationallevel,itcannegatively

affectimportstocountriesthathavestrictEPRpoliciesasproducersinothercountrieswill

notwanttobesubjecttoextrafeesfromthesepolicies.Additionally,itrestrictscompetition

atthelocallevelasproducerswhotakeontheextracoststoaccommodateEPRpoliciesare

atacompetitivedisadvantagetothosewhoareabletobendtherulesandgetoutofpaying

thesecosts.

12.WhomaybemostinfavorofthepolicyEPR?

A.Thelocalgovernment.B.Theproducers.

C.Theendconsumers.D.Theretailtraders.

13.WhataretheproducerslikelytodounderthepolicyEPR?

A.Cutdowntheirsellingcosts.B.Increaseproductioncapacity.

C.Producesustainableproducts.D.Reproduceout-of-dategoods.

14.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor'sattitudetothepolicyEPR?

A.Tolerant.B.Objective.C.Conservative.D.Suspicious.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheConstantlyVaryingPolicyEPR

B.ChallengesofEPRImplementation

C.HoldingBackGlobalTradeandCompetition:EPR

D.ReducingWasteandShiftingResponsibilities:EPR

二、七選五

16.Thephilosophyofminimalismadvocateslivingwithless.①Whereas,

livingaminimalist（簡(jiǎn)約主義者）lifestylehelpsreduceyourattachmenttophysicalthings,

improveyourmentalhealthandyoursatisfactionwithwhatyoudohave.Youcanembrace

suchalifestyleinthefollowingaspects.Physicalspace

Attheheartofminimalistlivingliesthepracticeofclearingawayclutter（雜舌L）inyour

physicalspace.Thisincludesatransformativeprocessnotonlytidyingbutalsodevelopinga

mindfulrelationshipwithpossessions.Youmaystartwiththemostfrequentlyusedspacesin

yourhome.②Keepthosethatcarrysomemeaning,andgetridofthosethat

don't

Thisinvolvesashiftfromimpulsive（容易沖動(dòng)的）buyingtointentionalacquisition.

Beforemakingapurchase,clothingforexample,reflectonwhethertheitemagreeswithyour

usualstyleandservesagenuineneed.Considerationshouldbegiventothelongevityand

qualityoftheitem,promotingamindsetthatprioritizesqualityoverquantity.Time

minimalism

（4）Assessyourcommitments,identifyingthosethatcontributepositivelyto

personalgrowth,fulfilmentandwell-being.Thisintentionalapproachtotimepromotesa

senseofempowerment,allowingyoutofocusonwhattrulymatterswhilelettinggoofnon-

essentialengagements.Mindfuleating

Mindfuleatingbeginswithpayingattentiontohungerandsatiety（飽足），allowingusto

respondtoourbody'sneedsratherthanexternalstimulilikeflavorsandtextures（口感）of

eachmeal.Besides,mindfuleatingencouragesustoenjoyeachbiteandappreciatethe

sensoryexperienceofeating.⑤

A.Minimalistclothing

B.Mindfulconsumption

C.Itisaboutconsciouslyinvestingyourtime

D.Theresultisalivingspacereflectingyourpersonality

E.Inaworldthatoftencelebratesabundance,itstandsasacontrast

F.Thismattersespeciallyinacultureoftencharacterizedbyrushedmeals

G.Whendoingit,youwillfindyourselfquestioningthenecessityofeachitem

三、完形填空（15空）

Observingthenaturalworldisawonderfulwayoflearningmoreaboutourselves.

ElisabethBaileyfound]fromhertiniestandslowestfriendfromnature,awoodland

snail（蝸牛）.

Youmaynotknowawoodlandsnail'sshelladdslayersasitages,andthatithas2,462

teeth.Baileyknewwellaboutsuch2detailsaboutthetinycreaturebecauseforyears,

thiswoodlandnailwasher3companion.

Attheageof34,Baileysufferedaseriousillnesswhich4herinbedforalong

time.AsBailey'sabilityto5declined,shehadlittlechoicebutto6theslowlane

（跑道）withthewoodlandsnailthatafriendhadleftonherbedsidetable.

“Ithadevolveditslong7mechanisms（機(jī)制）andwillprobablybeonEarthmuch

longerthanhumans.uIts8outweighsitsfigure:Asnailcanglideeffortlesslyrightupa

treetrunkorawallwithoutanyotherequipment/9saidBailey.

OnthedaysBaileywasunabletoengageinthenormalhumanworld,shewas9in

theworldofthesnail.Inthe10spacetheybothinhabited,Baileywitnessedthesnail

growing.Sheobserveditshabits,suchasits11tosleepduringthedayandadventureat

night.

Anditwasduringthisyearofslowingdownand12thatthesnailtaughtBaileyan

importantlesson."Thislittleanimalhadbeen13fromitshabitat,anditwasableto

14ItssuchabilityconvincedmethatIwouldeventuallymakeittoadapttomyillness

15

17.A.comfortB.trustC.loveD.fault

18.A.beneficialB.decisiveC.minuteD.regular

19.A.previousB.politicalC.cruelD.constant

20.A.replacedB.trappedC.persuadedD.arrested

21.A.applaudB.createC.moveD.calculate

22.A.joinB.passC.findD.measure

23.A.reviewB.defenseC.deliveryD.survival

24.A.patienceB.strengthC.headD.tooth

25.A.sunkB.struckC.releasedD.cheated

26.A.sufficientB.alienC.silentD.available

27.A.curiosityB.courageC.abilityD.tendency

28.A.migratingB.noticingC.mixingD.exposing

29.A.removedB.rescuedC.drivenD.freed

30.A.fadeawayB.breakdownC.fitinD.cometo

31.A.otherwiseB.somehowC.insteadD.indeed

四、短文填空

32.Gatheringafewclosefriendsandembarkingonadelightfulstroll（閑逛）through

thecitystreetshasbecomeafavoredactivityamongyoungpeopleinChina.

Referredto①citywalk,thistrendinvolvesleisurelywanderingaroundurban

areasonfoot.Participantsfollowuniqueandurbanroutes,immersing(使沉浸于)②

(they)intheatmosphere,discoveringhistoricbuildingsandexploringauthentic

localsnacks.

Citywalkcanbea③(guide)tourforsmallgroupsorarelaxedstrollfor

individuals,withthecommongoalofsteeringclearof(避開)populartouristspotsandlarge

crowds,ensuring(4)moreinclusiveexperienceofthevisitedplaces.Across

variousChinesesocialmediaplatforms,Citywalkhashtagsandkeywordshavebecome?

(significant)popularasmoreindividualsseektosharetheirexperiencesand

thoughtsonline.

⑥(originate)inprominentcitieslikeBeijingandShanghai,thecitywalk

phenomenonhasbeguntospreadtosecond-andthird-tiercitiesinChina,inspiringgreater?

(participate)amongbothattendeesandeventorganizers.Someorganizerseven

invitefolkcultureenthusiastsandresearcherstoactastourguides.Citywalknotonlyfosters

adeeperconnectionbetweenyoungindividualsandthecitybutalsooffersanewsocial

landscape?_________like-mindedpeoplecaneasilymakefriends.

Inthepastmonths,incertainregionslikeBeijingandShandongProvince,citywalk?

(combine)withculturaltourismandleisuretourinitiatives.Shanghaihas

launchedcitywalkroutesthatutilizepublicbustransportation,enablingday-trippers(W)

(reach)far-flungdistrictseasilyandcontinuetheirexplorationonfoot.

五、書面表達(dá)

33.同普通話一樣，地方方言也是我們中華文化的重要組成部分。請(qǐng)你以“ProtectAnd

PassOnOurDialects”為題寫一篇短文向你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)文化專欄投稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.地方方言的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀；

2.地方方言的重要作用；

3.呼吁大家保護(hù)地方方言。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

參考詞匯：普通話mandarin

ProtectAndPassOnOurDialects

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

Ourcharacterwillformwithoutaguidebookandtypicallywithoutourknowledgeuntil

wearefacedwithasituationthatrequiresourintentionalthoughtandaction.These

experiencescanbeacatalyst(催化齊(J)toourpositivegrowthandimpactwhoweareand

whatwebecome.

Myregrettable"meangirl“momenthappenedwhenIwasineighthgrade.AsHalloween

approachedthatyear,myclassmatePaisley,ashyyetkindgirl,askedmeifIwouldplay

trick-or-treatwithher.Ijumpedattheinvitation,untilanothermoreactiveandpopulargirl,

Violet,invitedmetojoinhergrouplater.IwasmoreinclinedtojoinVioletbecauseIthought

rdexperienceamorecheerfulatmosphere.ThenImadeanunkinddecision,lyingtoPaisley

thatmyparentsaskedmetostayathometopassoutcandy.

IrememberthatfeelingofshamebegantoforminmyheartasIdeliveredthisdishonest

excuse.However,thatlittlevoiceofconsciencequicklyfadedasIbegantopreparemy

costumeandplansfortheevening.Unexpectedly,whilewewereplayingtrick-or-treat,I

experiencedamomentofpureembarrassmentandshamewhenIfoundmyselffacetoface

withPaisley.Thelookofhurtanddisappointmentonherfacewhenshesawmewithanother

groupofgirlslingeredinmymind.

Inthedaysthatfollowed,wedidn'tinteractatschool.IknewIhadhurtherdeeply.Her

absenceinmylifemademerealizejusthowmuchherfriendshipmeanttome.Theguilt

weighedheavilyonmyconscienceasIreflectedonmyselfishbehavior.

Oneday,asIwassittingaloneintheschoolcafeteria,IsawPaisleywalkin.Shelooked

hesitant,asifunsurewhethertoapproachmeornot.Myheartracedwithanticipationand

nervousnessasIwatchedhermakingherwaytowardsmytable.Ipreparedmyselfforher

angeranddisappointment.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Tomysurprise,Paisleysmiledwarmlyandaskedifshecouldjoinme.

AsIlookbackonthatregrettable“meangirl“moment,Iamgratefulforthegrowthit

broughtintomylife.

參考答案

1.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bird'sNestFern部分介紹中的第一句"Thebird'snestfemisa

goodchoiceforanyonewithahousethatwouldn'tsupportsun-lovingspecies.5,（對(duì)于那些

家里不支持喜歡陽(yáng)光的物種的人來(lái)說(shuō)，Bird'snestfern是一個(gè)很好的選擇）可知，

BircTsnestfem對(duì)那些房屋不適合種植喜陽(yáng)植物的人來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。由此可知，

bird'snestfern是喜陰植物。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChineseMoneyPlant部分介紹中的第一句"Thisisaflowering

speciesthatmightbemostappropriateforexperiencedplantgardenerslookingforanew

challenge."（這是一個(gè)開花的物種，可能是最適合有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的植物園丁尋找一個(gè)新的挑

戰(zhàn)）可知，Chinesemoneyplant可能最適合正在尋找新的挑戰(zhàn)的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的園藝師。由

此可知，這種植物最考驗(yàn)主人的園藝技能。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ResurrectionPlant部分介紹中的第一句"Thisnativeofthe

Mexicandeserthasadaptedtosurvivinginextremedroughtbycurling（蜷縮）intoaballand

remaininginseeminglylifelessstateforyears,ifnecessary.^^（這種原產(chǎn)于墨西哥沙漠的植

物已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了在極端干旱中生存，它們蜷縮成一個(gè)球，如果必要的話，會(huì)在看似沒(méi)有

生命的狀態(tài)下保持?jǐn)?shù)年。）和SnakePlant部分介紹中的最后一句“Plus,thankstoits

thick,fleshyleaves,itstoreswaterwithremarkableefficiency,whichmakesitsurvive

withoutwaterintheearth.^^（此外，由于它厚厚的肉質(zhì)葉子，它儲(chǔ)存水分的效率非常

高，這使得它在沒(méi)有水的情況下也能生存。）可知，這兩種植物都耐旱。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Bekeleremembershealwayssawpeoplewhowere

constantlyhitbytheglaringsunasachild.Ashegrewupandbegantorealizetheriskslike

skincancerwereassociatedwithsunexposure,theboydecidedtocomeupwithsolutions.5,

（貝克勒記得他小時(shí)候經(jīng)?？吹接腥吮淮萄鄣奶?yáng)曬傷。當(dāng)他長(zhǎng)大后，開始意識(shí)到皮

膚癌等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與陽(yáng)光暴曬有關(guān)，這個(gè)男孩決定想出解決辦法。）可推知，第二段中提到

了貝克勒的童年經(jīng)歷是為了解釋他創(chuàng)造肥皂的動(dòng)機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)。

5.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whilesimilartreatmentsareavailable,Bekelehoped

toworkonamoreaffordablealternative,especiallyforthoseindevelopingcountries.'T

wantedtomakemyideasomethingthatnotonlywasgreatintermsofsciencebutalsocould

benefitasmanypeopleaspossible,5,Bekelesays."（雖然有類似的治療方法，但貝克勒希

望研究出一種更實(shí)惠的替代方法，特別是為發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人。貝克勒說(shuō)：“我想讓我的

想法不僅在科學(xué)方面很偉大，而且可以使盡可能多的人受益?！保┛芍?，貝克勒希望研

制出一種更經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠的對(duì)抗皮膚癌的方法，讓盡可能多的人受益。故選B項(xiàng)。

6.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenthesoapisapplied,itreleasestoll-likereceptors

intoourskin.Thesereceptorsattachontodendriticcellswhichreactivatethem.The

reactivateddendriticcellsthenjoinwithTNiol2cellstofightcancercells.Ratherthana

cure,Bekele5ssoapaimstohelppeople'simmunecellsstayactivewhilefightingskin

cancer."（當(dāng)使用肥皂時(shí)，它會(huì)釋放toll樣受體到我們的皮膚中。這些受體附著在樹突

細(xì)胞上，使它們重新激活。重新激活的樹突狀細(xì)胞然后與TN-iol2細(xì)胞聯(lián)合起來(lái)對(duì)抗

癌細(xì)胞。比起治愈，貝克勒的肥皂旨在幫助人們的免疫細(xì)胞保持活躍，同時(shí)對(duì)抗皮膚

癌。）可知，第四段介紹了貝克勒制作抗癌肥皂的方法，以及它在使用時(shí)的治療原

理。故選A項(xiàng)。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Fornow,theyoungscientisthopestoimprovehis

inventionandcreateanon-profittodistributethesoapamongthosewhoneeditmost.'T

believethatyoungmindscanmakeapositiveimpactontheworld,5,Bekelesaid."Ihavea

strongdesiretoknowhowthephysicalworldworksandhowtoimprovethelivesofits

inhabitants,andthischallengegivesmetheperfectplatformtoshowcasemyideas.^^^^（現(xiàn)

在，這位年輕的科學(xué)家希望改進(jìn)他的發(fā)明，并創(chuàng)建一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，將這種肥皂分發(fā)

給最需要它的人。貝克勒說(shuō)：“我相信年輕人可以對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生積極的影響。”“我非常想

知道物質(zhì)世界是如何運(yùn)作的，以及如何改善居民的生活，這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)給了我一個(gè)完美的

平臺(tái)來(lái)展示我的想法?！保┛芍?，貝克希望改進(jìn)他的發(fā)明，并創(chuàng)建一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，將

抗癌肥皂分發(fā)給最需要的人。同時(shí)，他說(shuō)他自己渴望探索世界，造福于人。由此可

知，他是一個(gè)富有同情心并且充滿好奇心的人。故選D項(xiàng)。

8.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“In2023,morethan97%ofCaliforniahasbeenin

moderatetoseveredrought,whilewatersuppliersarestrugglingtokeepup.A2022water

supplyanddemandreportindicatedthataround18%ofwatersupplierswereatriskoffacing

potentialshortages."TherealityisthatanyoneoutthereonMississippiRiverandon

ColoradoRiver,andanyoneouttheretakingdrinkingwaterdownstreamisalreadydrinking

"toilettotapsaidEsquivel,adirectoroftheBoard.（2023年,力口州超過(guò)97%的地區(qū)處于

中度至重度干旱狀態(tài)，而供水商正在努力跟上。一份2022年的供水和需求報(bào)告顯示，

約18%的供水商面臨潛在短缺的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！艾F(xiàn)實(shí)情況是，密西西比河和科羅拉多河上的任

何人，以及任何在下游飲用飲用水的人，都已經(jīng)在喝'從廁所到水龍頭’的水，”董事會(huì)

董事埃斯基維爾說(shuō)廠可推知，第二段目的在于表明加州供水改革的緊迫性。故選D。

9.答案：A

解析：詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“whenthephrase“toilettotap“caughtonandmet

withfierceresistance”可知，"toilettotap”這個(gè)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)遭到激烈抵制，這個(gè)理念太不

受歡迎以至于無(wú)法付諸實(shí)踐，即失敗了。故劃線詞fizzledout意為“失敗工故選A。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題，根據(jù)第四段“Toputtheschemeintoeffectandbuildhugewater

recyclingplants,however,wateragenciessaytheywillneedtoprovetopeoplethatrecycled

waterisnotonlysafetodrinkbutalsoundermonitoring.（然而，為了實(shí)施該計(jì)劃并建設(shè)大

型水循環(huán)廠，水務(wù)部門表示，他們需要向人們證明，再生水不僅可以安全飲用，而且

還需要受到監(jiān)控廠可知，水務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行廢水循環(huán)再造計(jì)劃的關(guān)鍵是公眾的認(rèn)可。故選

Bo

11.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whatwehaveherearestandards,science,and

importantlymonitoringthatallowustohavesafepurewater,andprobablybetterinmany

instances（我們現(xiàn)在擁有的是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、科學(xué)和重要的監(jiān)測(cè)，讓我們擁有安全純凈的水，在

許多情況下可能會(huì)更好廠可推知，循環(huán)飲用水質(zhì)量可能會(huì)更好。故選C。

12.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Basedonthepolluterpaysprinciple,thisapproach

requiresproducerstofinancethecostsofrecyclingordisposingofproductsthatconsumers

nolongerwant.Itaimstoshiftthecostsassociatedwiththemanagementofdealingwith

solidwasteawayfromthelocalgovemment.^^（根據(jù)污染者付費(fèi)原則，這種方法要求生產(chǎn)

者為回收或處理消費(fèi)者不再需要的產(chǎn)品的成本提供資金。它的目的是將與處理固體廢

物管理相關(guān)的成本從地方政府轉(zhuǎn)移出去。）可推知，當(dāng)?shù)卣羁赡苤С终咝缘沫h(huán)

境評(píng)估。故選A項(xiàng)。

13.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“EPRcreatesafinancialmotivationforproducersto

designproductsthatlastlongerandcanberecycled.（EPR為生產(chǎn)者創(chuàng)造了一種經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)

機(jī)，促使他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)壽命更長(zhǎng)、可回收的產(chǎn)品。）可知，生產(chǎn)商在政策環(huán)境責(zé)任下可能

會(huì)生產(chǎn)可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品。故選C項(xiàng)。

14.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中"EPRhashistoricallybeensuccessfulinthemanaging

ofproductsthatposeriskstocommunitiessuchasbatteries,paintandoldmedicines.EPR

hasledmanyproducerstoredesigntheseitemstoreducetheirrisks.Finally,duetoERP

closingtheloop（循環(huán)）onmaterialsmanagement,thisapproachusesmuchlessenergythan

ittakestoproduceitemsfromthebeginning.^^（EPR歷來(lái)在管理對(duì)社區(qū)構(gòu)成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的產(chǎn)品

（如電池、油漆和舊藥品）方面取得了成功。EPR促使許多生產(chǎn)商重新設(shè)計(jì)這些產(chǎn)品，

以降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。最后，由于ERP關(guān)閉了物料管理的循環(huán)，這種方法比從一開始就生產(chǎn)所

需的能源要少得多。）可知，介紹了EPR政策的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。以及最后一段中“However,

criticsofEPRhaveissueswithproducersaddingrecyclingcoststotheinitialpricetagofa

product.Anotherdisadvantageisthatattheinternationallevel,itcannegativelyaffect

importstocountriesthathavestrictEPRpoliciesasproducersinothercountrieswillnot

wanttobesubjecttoextrafeesfromthesepolicies."（然而，批評(píng)EPR的人士對(duì)生產(chǎn)商將

回收成本加到產(chǎn)品的初始價(jià)格標(biāo)簽上提出了質(zhì)疑。另一個(gè)不利因素是，在國(guó)際層面

上，它可能會(huì)對(duì)實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的EPR政策的國(guó)家的進(jìn)口產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，因?yàn)槠渌麌?guó)家的生

產(chǎn)商不希望從這些政策中收取額外費(fèi)用。）可知，介紹了EPR的缺點(diǎn)。由此可知，作

者對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策是持客觀態(tài)度的。故選B項(xiàng)。

15.答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Extendedproducerresponsibility（EPR）

referstoapolicyapproachwhereproducersaregivenresponsibilityfortheenvironmental

impactsoftheirproductsthroughouttheproductlifecycle.Basedonthepolluterpays

principle,thisapproachrequiresproducerstofinance