時(shí)文閱讀與練習(xí)（含答案）-2023屆高考英語復(fù)習(xí)備考

時(shí)文閱讀：太陽能樹

太陽能樹是一種將太陽能技術(shù)與樹狀相結(jié)合的功能性發(fā)電機(jī)。它是一種可擴(kuò)展

的產(chǎn)品，應(yīng)用范圍廣泛，不僅可以產(chǎn)生足夠的能量為單個(gè)家庭或整個(gè)社區(qū)供電，還

可以用于商業(yè)停車場為電動汽車充電。太陽能樹是太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)或其他清潔能源

的補(bǔ)充，讓我們一起來了解一下吧。

閱讀短文并回答問題

Asolartreeisastructureresemblingatreethatgeneratessolarenergyusing

photovoltaicpanels（太陽能光伏板）.Ithelpssolveanurgentglobalchallenge:Replacing

greenhousegas-emittingenergysourceslikeoilandgaswithrenewableenergy.Butthe

powergenerationpotentialofsolartreesisrelativelylimited,andtheirprimarypurpose

istoraisepublicawarenessaboutrenewableenergybygettingpeopletonoticeand

interact（互動）withsolarenergyinnewways.

Solartreesgenerallyhaveafirmmetal,plastic,orstonebasethatextendsupand

outinto“branches"onwhichsolarpanelsaremounted.Beyondthisbasicstructure,

thereisgreatdiversityinthedesignofsolartreeunits.Thesolartree/sphotovoltaic

“l(fā)eaves“absorbsunlight,convertingitintoelectricitythatisconducteddownthrough

thetrunk-likecentralp川arofthestructuretoaninsidebattery.Manydesignsfeature

rotating（旋轉(zhuǎn)的）panelsthatcanmovethroughoutthedayinordertoobtainthe

greatestamountofsunlight.

Solartreeshelppowerhomes,businesses,andpublicservices.Theycancreate

shadetohelpreducetheurbanheatislandeffectandprovideshelterinsevereweather

suchasrainstormsandheatwaves,creatinggreaterurbanresilienceinthefaceofclimate

change.Theyalsoenhancepublicspaces,providingchargingstations,andpowering

streetlights.

Incomparisontootherkindsofground-mountedsolarpaneldevices,solartrees

don'trequiremuchland.Theymakesolarenergygenerationpossibleinland-scarceareas

thatcan'tsupportvastsolararrays,aswellasplacesthatlacksufficientrooftopspacefor

panels.However,solarpanelsaremuchcheaperthansolartreesatpresentandhavefar

greaterenergygenerationcapacity.Therefore,presentsolartreedesignsoftenserveasa

supplementalsourceratherthanasaprimaryenergysource.

Atpresent,solartreesaren'tdesignedaslarge-scalesolarprojects,whichlimitstheir

abilitytocontributetothelow-carbonenergytransition.Still,theirvarieddesignsare

appealing.Thismakessolartreeseffectiveatdisplayingandtherebyeducatingpeople

aboutsolarenergy,andpromotingabusinessororganization'scommitmenttorenewable

energy.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofbuildingsolartrees?

A.Tobeautifytheurbanenvironment.

B.Todrawpublicattentiontosolarenergy.

C.Toreplacenon-renewableenergyresources.

D.Toprovidechargingservicesinemergencies.

2.Whatdoweknowaboutasolartree?

A.Itstoresenergyinitsownbattery.

B.Itcanadjustitsheightautomatically.

C.Itismadeofenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.

D.Ittransformssunlightintoelectricitybyitsmetalbase.

3.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Thedesignfeaturesofsolartrees.

B.Thewaysofsavingenergyincities.

C.Thebenefitsofsolartreestohumans.

D.Thedifficultiesofpromotingsolartrees.

4.Whatadvantagedosolartreeshaveoverotherground-mountedsolarpanel

devices?

A.Theyoccupymuchlessland.

B.Theyarecheapertomanufacture.

C.Theyaremoreeffectiveingeneratingenergy.

D.Theycanworkinvariousweatherconditions.

答案：BACA

生詞

1.gas-emittingadj.排放氣體的

2.pillarn.柱子，橋墩（尤指兼作裝飾的）

3.resiliencen.恢復(fù)力；適應(yīng)力

4.arrayn.陣列

語塊

1.solarenergy太陽能

2.renewableenergy再生能源

3.solarpanels太陽能板

4.throughouttheday整天

5.publicservices公共服務(wù)

6.urbanheatislandeffect城市熱島效應(yīng)

7.severeweather惡劣天氣

8.chargingstations充電站

9.incomparisonto與..相比

10.contributeto有助于；對..做貢獻(xiàn)

知識拓展

urbanheatislandeffect

城市熱島效應(yīng)是指城市因大量的人工發(fā)熱、建筑物和道路等高蓄熱體及綠地減

少等因素，造成城市“高溫化”，城市中的氣溫明顯高于外圍郊區(qū)的現(xiàn)象。在近地面

溫度圖上，郊區(qū)氣溫變化很小，而城區(qū)則是一個(gè)高溫區(qū)，就像突出海面的島嶼，由

于這種島嶼代表高溫的城市區(qū)域，所以就被形象地稱為城市熱島。

時(shí)文閱讀：遠(yuǎn)離人潮，年輕人青睞“逆向旅游”

為了躲避洶涌的人潮，“逆向旅游”逐漸在年輕人中興起，一些非著名旅游小城

慢慢走入他們的視野。出于對假期里知名景點(diǎn)“人擠人”的厭倦，不少年輕人開始

嘗試另一種選擇，前往一些小眾景點(diǎn)，尋求獨(dú)特、輕松的度假體驗(yàn)?！澳嫦蚵糜巍迸d

起的真正原因是什么？又給旅游業(yè)帶來什么新思考呢？一起來看看吧。

閱讀短文并回答問題

Goingagainstthetideofflockingtowell-knowntouristdestinationsonvacation,a

growingnumberofholidaymakersinChinatendtospendtheirleisuretimeat

lesser-knownresorts（旅游勝地）.Reversetourism（逆向旅游）hasappearedasanew

trendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.

Accordingtodatafromanonlinetravelagency,thenumberofroomsbookedat

hotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Bookings

forfour-starorfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplacesallincreasedatleast10-fold（十倍）.

Somelesser-knownscenicspotsposteddouble-digitgrowthduringtheholiday.

BaimaiquanParkinJinan,thecapitalofShandongProvince,received52,100visitsinthe

sevendays,up15.78percentyear-over-year.

Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostof

tripstopopulardestinations.Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas"commercial”

asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoreactualexperiencesandnaturalencounters.

Essentiallyspeaking,totalrelaxationisbecomingarealexpectationformanypeople

whentheytravel.Changesindemandmaybethefundamentalreasonforthepopularity

ofreversetourism.COVID-19isanotherkeyfactorfuelingreversetourism.As

precautionarymeasurescontinue,travelinghasanunpredictablequality.Travelershave

thusbecomemorecautiousandtendtochooselocalattractionsorplaceswithfewer

tourists.

“Theriseofreversetourismisnotabadthing/saidZhengzhouDaily.Itmeans

thatvacationersnowhavemoreoptions,whichbringsmorepossibilitiestothetourism

market.Moreimportantly,itnoted,thetrendissettoforcepopulardestinationsto

improvethemselvesinsteadofrestingontheirpasthonor.

JiangHan,aseniorresearcher;saidthatreversetourismwillbecomeoneofthe

futuredirectionsforthemarket,lbgivearealboosttothetourismmarket,Jiang

suggestedthatmoreeffortsbemadetotapthepotentialofunderrated,lesser-known

destinations.Itisnecessarytodigdeeperintothelocalcustomsandhighlightthelocal

characteristicstoimprovethequalityoflocaltourism.

1.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.ThepopularityoftravelagencyinChina.

B.Thecontributionsoftourismtotheeconomy.

C.Thehighincomeofhotelsduringholidays.

D.TheincreasingtrendofreversetourisminChina.

2.Whatmaybetherootcauseoftheriseofreversetourism?

A.TheimpactofCOVID-19.

B.Holidaymakers'changingneedsfortravel.

C.Thelowercostofheadingtoless-traveledplaces.

D.Thelackofinnovativeimprovementsinfamousattractions.

3.WhatdoesZhengzhouDailythinkofreversetourism?

A.Itwilldropwiththerecoveryofeconomy.

B.Itbenefitsbothtouristsandthetourismmarket.

C.Itishelpfultospreadlocalculturetotourists.

D.Itblocksthedevelopmentofsomepopularresorts.

4.WhatisJiangHan'sadviceondevelopingthetourismmarket?

A.Upgradingthesupportingfacilitiesintouristareas.

B.Improvingthemanagementrulesoftouristattractionsfurther.

C.Exploringthepotentialandfeaturesoflesser-knownattractions.

D.PromotingthelocalcharacteristicsofChinathroughonlinemedia.

答案:DBBC

生詞

underratedadj.被低估了的

語塊

1.flockto聚集到；涌入

2.touristdestinations旅游勝地；旅游目的地；旅游景點(diǎn)

3.leisuretime休閑時(shí)間

4.travelagency旅行社

5.scenicspots旅游景點(diǎn)

6.essentiallyspeaking從本質(zhì)上講

7.fundamentalreason根本原因

8.precautionarymeasures預(yù)防措施

9.tapthepotential挖掘潛力

時(shí)文閱讀：100節(jié)車廂！世界最長客運(yùn)列車誕生

據(jù)報(bào)道，瑞士雷蒂亞鐵路公司近日開發(fā)出了一列由100節(jié)車廂組成、長約兩千

米的超長火車。經(jīng)吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄認(rèn)證，這是全球最長的窄軌客運(yùn)列車。這列火車

于10月29日從海拔1749米的普雷達(dá)出發(fā)，穿越瑞士境內(nèi)最著名的朗德瓦薩高架橋

后，一路開到貝爾金，完成了其首次的正式旅程。長長的紅色列車行駛在位于瑞士

阿爾卑斯山區(qū)的雷蒂亞鐵路網(wǎng)上，與沿途風(fēng)景相得益彰，吸引了不少火車迷和觀光

客乘車體驗(yàn)。

閱讀短文并回答問題

HighintheSwissAlps,StMoritzmadeitsnameasaplaceforpushingthe

boundariesofwintersports.Recently,theregioncontinueditslongtraditionof

expandingthelimitsofwhatispossiblewithaworldrecordattempt——notonsnowor

ice,butonrails.Tomarkthe175thanniversaryofSwitzerland'sfirstrailway,arailway

companycreatedtheworld'slongestpassengertrain-100cars,2,990tonnesand

almosttwokilometerslong.

Formedof25newelectrictrains,therecord-breaking1,906-metertraintookalmost

anhourtocoveraround25kilometersovertheimpressiveUNESCOWorldHeritage

AlbulaLine,whichisfamousforitsendlessswoopingcurvesandsteepinclines（斜坡）.

Themountainrailwaysareregardedasgreatfeatsofengineering.The62-kilometerline

betweenThusisandStMoritz,aworld-renownedmasterpieceofcivilengineering,took

justfiveyearstobuilddespiterequiring55bridgesand39tunnels.

UnlikemostSwissandEuropeanrailways,whichusethestandardgauge（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌星巨）

betweentherailsof1.435meters,therails,knownasRhaetischeBahnrails,arejustone

meterapart."Inordertocompletethetrain'sjourneysuccessfully,everythinghastobe

perfect.Weneedtobe100%synchronized（同步的），everysecond.Everyonehastokeep

theirspeedandothersystemsundercontrolatalltimes,“l(fā)eaddriverAndreasKramer

said."WeneedtoknowtheAlbulaLineverywell,everychangeofgradient,andevery

incline/

ThemountainousSwisslandscapehasencouragedcreativetransportationsolutions

forgenerations,resultinginoneofthemosttrain-reliantnationsintheworld.Onaverage,

Swisscitizenstravelabout2,450kilometersbytrainannually—anestimatedquarterof

theirtotaltransportationsystem.In2021,SwissFederalRailwaysoperated11,260trains

carrying880,000passengersand185,000tonnesofgoodsperdayona3,265

kilometer-longnetworkwith804stations.Therefore,thesuccessfulrecordattemptwill

begreatforthelocalareaandforthecountryasawhole.

1.Whatistheworld'slongestpassengertraincreatedfor?

A.Celebratingthe175thyearofSwissfirstrailway.

B.Satisfyingpeople'sincreasingdemandfortransportation.

C.EncouragingpeopletopayattentiontoSwisswintersports.

D.Attractingmorevisitorstoappreciatethebe