河南省2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期11月期中學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測考試英語試題（含答案解析）

河南省2023~2024學(xué)年高一年級學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測考試英語全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級、考場號、座位號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題的答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatmakesthemanlookbad?A.Acold. B.Anexam. C.Areport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:What’sthematter?Youdon’tlookwell.Acoldoryourreport?M:Neither.Myexam.W:Don’tworryaboutit.Trytolookonthebrightsideofthings.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabookstore. B.Intheclassroom. C.Inalibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,I’dliketocheckthesebooksout.W:Sorry,youhavetoreadthemhere.Thereadingareaisoverthere.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:AreyouOK,Katherine?Youlookpale.W:I’mfine,Chuck.Ijuststayeduplatelastnight,workingonmyChinese.M:Oh,pooryou,IfoundlearningChinesethroughsongsworksverywell.Wecanlearntogetherafterclass.W:Goodidea.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatisJoannaprobablydoingnow?A.Workingovertime. B.MeetingwithDavid. C.PickingupDr.Brown.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,areyouDr.Brown?W:Yes,Iam.Andyou…M:I’mDavid,Joanna’sworkmate.Shehastobeatworklatetoday.Sosheaskedmetopickyouuphere.W:It’sveryniceofyou.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkoftakingthewrongbus?A.Awkward. B.Common. C.Impossible.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’msorryI’mlate.M:Oh,that’sallright.Ijustwonderedwhatwaskeepingyou.W:ThebusItook.Itookthewrongbus.M:Oh,didyou?Thesethingshappenoften.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthewomandointhecompany?A.Shesellsproducts. B.Shetrainsnewworkers. C.Sheimprovesdesigns.7.Whoisamanager?A.Kevin. B.Steve. C.George.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】原文】W:Hello!Letmeintroducemyself.MynameisNancy.M:Nicetomeetyou!I’mSteve.Idon’tthinkI’veseenyouaroundbefore.W:No,IamanewcomerandIhavejustreceivedjobtraininggivenbyGeorgeandKevin.NowIaminsales.M:Oh,howdoyoufeelworkinghere?W:Good.Theworkmatesareniceandfriendly.Bytheway,whatdoyoudohere?M:Oh,Imanagetheproductdevelopmentteam.Therearetenworkersinmyteam.W:Doyoualsodosomedesignwork?M:Ofcourse.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomanaskingthemantodo?A.Haveacoffee. B.Hangout. C.Helpwithareport.9.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Heiswarm-hearted. B.Heispopular. C.Heispromising.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Couldyoulendmeahand?M:Sure.What’sthat?W:Ihatetoaskyoutodosomethinglikethat,butIdoneedyoutohelpprepareformyreportonFriday.Itwon’ttakeupmuchofyourtime.Ipromiseyouthat.M:Okay.Icouldeasilygiveyousometimetomorrownight,W:Great.Wouldyouliketomeetmeatthecoffeehousenextdoor?M:Yes,andcouldyouwritedownanythingyoumightbehavingtroublewith?W:Sure,I’llcomeprepared.M:Goodbyeuntilthen.Ipromiseyouthatyou’lldowellafterwemeet.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhatdoesRosewant?A.Abetterposition. B.Ahigherpay. C.Abiggerchance.11.Whataffectedthesalesperformance?A.Therecentmarketsituation.B.Othercompanies’development.C.TheABCcompany’scompetition.12.WhatdoesthemanpromisetoRose?A.Abigorder. B.Anewprinter. C.Anextra5-dayvacation.13.Whenwilltherepairmancometohaveacheck?A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnFriday.【答案】10.B11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,Mr.Bench.CanItalktoyouforamoment?M:Sure,Rose!W:Sir,youknow,I’vebeenworkinginourcompanyforovertenyears.M:Yes.Andyouareahardworker.W:Well,Icomestraighttothepoint,sir.Iwouldlikearaise.TheABCcompanycalledmelastMondaybutIdecidedtotalktoyoufirst.M:Araise?I’dliketogiveyouaraise,butnowit’snottherighttime.W:Iunderstandyourposition.Therecentmarketdownturndidhaveabadinfluenceonoursalesperformance.ButIhopeyoucantakemytenyearsofhardworkintoconsideration.M:You’vegotthepoint,soI’mwillingtoofferyouatenpercentraiseandanextrafivedaysofvacationtime.Howdoesthatsound?W:Thankyou,boss.Bytheway,theprinterisoutoforder.Ithinkweneedtobuyanewone.M:I’vetoldTonytorepairitlastFriday.HewillgotoyourofficetocheckitthisTuesday.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatisthewoman?A.Sheisatrainer. B.Sheisaleader. C.Sheisahostess.15.Howcanpeoplewinothers’trust?A.Bykeepingapromise. B.Bylookingfortruth. C.Bymakingfewermistakes.16.Whichisthemainreasonwhyrelationshipsbreakdown?A.Expectingtoomuch. B.Takingsmallsteps. C.Communicatingpoorly.17.WhatdoesPaulSmithsuggestpeopledoatlast?A.Builddeepfriendships.B.Takerelationshipsseriously.C.Putahighvalueonfeelings.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:Today,we’reluckytoinvitePaulSmithtoourprogramtotellussomethingabouttrust.Mr.Smith,wouldyoupleasetellushowwedeveloptrust?M:Certainly.First,betruetoyourword.Keepinmindthatbuildingtrustrequireskeepingthepromisesyoumake.Second,remindyourselfthatittakestimetobuildandwintrust.Don’tmakethemistakeofexpectingtoomuchtoosoon.Inordertobuildtrust,firsttakesmallsteps.Third,learnhowtocommunicatewithothers.Poorcommunicationisamainreasonwhyrelationshipsbreakdown.Goodcommunicationincludesbeingclearaboutwhatyouhaveoryoudon’thaveandwhathasbeenagreedupon.W:Canbrokentrustberebuilt?M:Asweallknow,trustisofgreatimportancefordevelopingfriendships.Whentrustisbroken,friendshipwilldisappearaswell.Alwaysrememberthatyoushouldvaluetherelationshipsthatyouhaveandtakethemseriously.W:Thankyouforyoursharing.M:Mypleasure.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhatmakesJessicaDamianokillhouseplants?A.Carelessness. B.Forgetfulness. C.Laziness.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthemoneyplant?A.Itneedsenoughsunlight.B.Itisunsuitableforbeginners.C.Itlikesbeingfarfromawindow.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Charactersofhouseplants.B.Waystosavewaterathome.C.Adviceongrowinghouseplants.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:JessicaDamianoisanexpertattakingcareofplants.Butshekilledhouseplantsaswell.Shesaidit’snotbecauseshedoesn’tknowhowtotakecareofthem,butbecausesheforgotthem.Asaresult,Damianolooksforplantsthatneedlittlewater,andthatcanbemovedaround.Also,thesekindsofhouseplantsarebestforbeginnerstogrow.Damiano’sspiderplantneedsonlytwothings:suitablesunlightandwetground.Shesaidshekeepsitbyawindow.Anotherplant,calledmoneyplant,isperfectlyhappywhenyoukeepitawayfromawindow.ItgetsthelightitneedsfromakindoflightbulbcalledanLED.Shegivestheplantsomewatereachtimethegroundcompletelydriesout.Chineseevergreenisabeautifulhouseplantthatdoeswellinlow-lightconditions.Damianosaidallyouneedtodoiskeeptheplant’sgroundlightlywetatalltimesoftheyear.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhenvisitingAthens,museumsandancientsitesusuallycomefirst.However,thereareseveralveryinterestingplacestovisitwithoutspendingmoney,suchasparksandvariousattractions.LycabettusHillLycabettusHillisoneofthemostimportantattractionsinAthens.Theview(風景)fromLycabettusHilliswonderfulreachingdowntotheseaandtheclosestislands,whichiscertainlynottobemissed.TheparkinglotisclosetotheLycabettusTheater,whereperformancesareheldeverysummer.MuseumofPopularInstrumentsThemuseumhostsacollectionofabout1,200Greekpopularmusicalinstrumentswhichdatefromthe18thcentury.Thecollectionsareshowninfoursections(部分)accordingtothematerialoftheinstruments,andvisitorscanalsolistentothesoundmadebyeachtype.Visitorscanbuybooks,CDsandmusicalinstrumentsatthemuseumshop.NationalGardenofAthensTheNationalGardenofAthens,oneofthemostbeautifulpartsofthisbigcity,wasdesignedin1836bytheGermanbuildingdesignerFriedrichvonGaertner.Visitorstothegardencanseeaninterestingvarietyofplantsandtrees,someancientremainsandstatuesoffamouswritersandscientists.Childrencanplayinthespeciallydesignedplaygroundorvisitthechildren’slibrary,andadultscanenjoyacoffeeoralightlunchatthecoffeeshop.MuseumoftheHistoryofGreekCostume(服裝)Inthissmall,attractivemuseum,visitorscanseevarioussidesofGreekCostumefromthepast.Visitorscanalsoseethecostumeswhichwerewornincelebrateddanceperformancesinmanycountries.Educationaleventsareheldforchildrenofallages,bringingthemclosertothisimportanttraditionofGreece.21.Wherewillpopularmusicloversprefertogo?A.LycabettusHill. B.MuseumofPopularInstruments.C.NationalGardenofAthens. D.MuseumoftheHistoryofGreekCostume.22.WhatcanvisitorsdointheNationalGardenofAthens?A.Admireinterestingcollections. B.LearnaboutGreekhistoricalfacts.C.Talkwithabuildingdesigner. D.Getclosetosomewriters’statues.23.Whatdothefoursightshaveincommon?A.They’relikedbyallkids. B.Theyhaveafestiveair.C.They’refreeforvisitors. D.Theyholdperformances.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個可以免費參觀的地點?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Themuseumhostsacollectionofabout1,200Greekpopularmusicalinstrumentswhichdatefromthe18thcentury.Thecollectionsareshowninfoursections(部分)accordingtothematerialoftheinstruments,andvisitorscanalsolistentothesoundmadebyeachtype.Visitorscanbuybooks,CDsandmusicalinstrumentsatthemuseumshop.(該博物館收藏了大約1200件18世紀以來的希臘流行樂器。這些藏品根據(jù)樂器的材質(zhì)分為四個部分，游客還可以聽到每種樂器發(fā)出的聲音。游客可以在博物館商店購買書籍、CD和樂器)”可知，流行音樂愛好者更喜歡去MuseumofPopularInstruments。故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Visitorstothegardencanseeaninterestingvarietyofplantsandtrees,someancientremainsandstatuesoffamouswritersandscientists.(參觀花園的游客可以看到各種有趣的植物和樹木，一些古老的遺跡和著名作家和科學(xué)家的雕像)”可知，游客在雅典國家花園可以參觀一些作家的雕像。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,thereareseveralveryinterestingplacestovisitwithoutspendingmoney,suchasparksandvariousattractions.(然而，有幾個非常有趣的地方不花錢就可以參觀，比如公園和各種景點)”可知，這四個地方的共同之處是對游客免費。故選C。BAssomeofthestudentmoviemakersstartedunloading(卸載)atonofthingsneededforfilming,Isatinmyseatreadingabook.Emptiedofitsmovie-relatedcontents,thetrucknowbecametheplacetoleavepersonalthings.MyjobwastostaynearbywiththekeyssothatifanythingwasneededIcouldopenthetruck.KnowingthatIcouldstayatacornersomewhereandfinishthebookthatafriendaskedmetoreview,Ifoundaparkbench(長椅)tositon.Inoticedthatamanwassittingononeend,buttherewasplentyofroomforatleasttwomorebodies.Walkingover,IsatontheendseatsothatIcouldrestoneofmyarmsonthearmrest.Themanontheotherendlookedatmestrangelybutremainedseated.Iquicklydiscoveredthathe’dprobablyspentthenightonthebench.Ilookedathimandsmiled,andhesmiledbackwithamouthofblacked-outteeth.Thatwasit.Hewasn’tbothering(打擾)me,andIsurmisedIwasn’tbotheringhim.Webothsatthereforoveranhour.Iwasreading.Hewasattentively(專心地)watchingthefilming.Hethenstood,walkedinfrontofmeandbowed.Ilookedup,notknowingwhatwasgoingtohappennext.Inashakybutclearvoice,hesaid,“Thankyou.”“Forwhat?”Iquestioned.Helookedattheground,saying,“Usuallypeoplewon’tevenlookatme,letalonesitbyme.Thankyoufortreatingmekindly.”Ihonestlydidn’tknowwhattosayasheturned,pickedupasmall,dirtybackpack,andwalkedquicklyaroundthecorner.Iwasshocked.Ihadn’tdoneanythingspecial;Isharedabench.That’sallitwastome.Wewerenotdifferent.Bothofusjustwantedtobewelltreated.24.Whatdidtheauthorprobablydoaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Ateacher. B.Amoviemaker. C.Anactor. D.Adriver.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surmised”inparagraph3mean?A.Planned. B.Guessed. C.Understood. D.Announced.26.Whydidthemanbowtotheauthor?A.Hewasn’tlookeddownon. B.Hewasn’tfooledbyothers.C.Hewaschosentoplayarole. D.Hewasallowedtoreadbooks.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheGiftofLife B.AClearConnectionC.ASpecialThankYou D.TheMeaningofLove【答案】24.A25.B26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章講的是作者在等待學(xué)生們拍攝的過程中想找一個地方看書，最終他選擇了公園的長椅，長椅的另一端坐著一名衣著邋遢的流浪漢，但是作者并沒有離開，而是對著流浪漢微笑，作者與眾不同的友好對待方式讓流浪漢感覺受到了尊重，流浪漢對作者鞠躬表示感謝?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Assomeofthestudentmoviemakersstartedunloading(卸載)atonofthingsneededforfilming,Isatinmyseatreadingabook.(當一些學(xué)生電影制作人開始卸載拍攝所需的大量東西時，我坐在座位上看書。)”以及“MyjobwastostaynearbywiththekeyssothatifanythingwasneededIcouldopenthetruck.(我的工作就是拿著鑰匙待在附近，這樣如果需要什么東西，我就可以打開卡車。)”可以推斷作者是一名老師。故選A項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段劃線詞之前“Ilookedathimandsmiled,andhesmiledbackwithamouthofblacked-outteeth.Thatwasit.Hewasn’tbothering(打擾)me,(我看著他，笑了笑，他也笑了笑，滿嘴的牙都黑了。就是這樣。他沒有打擾我，)”以及劃線詞之后“Iwasn’tbotheringhim.(我沒有打擾他。)”可知我與男子的交流僅限于彼此的微笑，他沒有打擾到我，所以我想自己也沒有打擾到他，所以劃線詞的意思與B項Guessed意思相近。故選B項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Helookedattheground,saying,“Usuallypeoplewon’tevenlookatme,letalonesitbyme.Thankyoufortreatingmekindly.”(他看著地面說：“通常人們連看都不看我一眼，更不用說坐在我旁邊了。謝謝你對我這么好。”)”可知作者不僅坐在男子旁邊而且還對他非常友好，所以在男子看來作者并沒有歧視自己，這讓男子心生感激，所以男子給作者鞠躬表示感謝。故選A項?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ihonestlydidn’tknowwhattosayasheturned,pickedupasmall,dirtybackpack,andwalkedquicklyaroundthecorner.Iwasshocked.Ihadn’tdoneanythingspecial;Isharedabench.That’sallitwastome.(我真的不知道該說什么，因為他轉(zhuǎn)過身來，拿起一個又小又臟的背包，飛快地轉(zhuǎn)過拐角。我很震驚。我沒有做什么特別的事；我分享了一張長凳。對我來說就是這樣。)”以及“Wewerenotdifferent.Bothofusjustwantedtobewelltreated.(我們沒有什么不同。我們倆都想被好好對待。)”以及文章其他段落的內(nèi)容可知文章主要講的是作者偶遇一位滿嘴黑牙，背著一個又小又臟的背包的流浪漢，因為作者對該流浪漢與眾不同的態(tài)度讓流浪漢心生感激，因而鞠躬表示感謝，而這讓作者非常震驚，因為作者覺得自己與流浪漢沒有什么不同，也是希望被別人友好對待的，由此可知文章是在圍繞著這一特別的感謝來展開的，所以C項ASpecialThankYou作為文章的標題最為合適。故選C項。CAcreativeprogramusinggardeningconnectedwithmentorship(導(dǎo)師制)ischangingthelivesofstudents.Theprogram,tryingtohelpstudentswithstudyproblemsormisbehaviorinschools,willsoonbemakingitswayintomoreClarkCountyschools.Studentswhotakepartintheprogramareusuallyintroducedbyschooladvisorswhothinkitmaydostudentsgood.Parker,headoftheprogram,saidthattheyletthestudentsknowwhattheyarejoining,andmakesuretheyunderstandwhatthey’regettingintoandthatit’sagoodfit.Theyworktofindstudentsthattheythinkcanhaveapositiveinfluenceintheschooloncetheycompletetheprogram.Thechosenstudentsattendtheclassduringtheirnormalschooldays,ratherthanafterschool.Ratherthanatraditionalclassroom,theroomsaredecorated(裝飾)withbeanbagsandsofastocreateaplacedifferentfromthepublicschool,onethatwillattractthestudents.Itstartswithmentorshipweeks,duringwhichtheofficersharesapoemoramusicvideothatisrelatedtothatweek’stopic.Inthefollowingweek,theteachersoftheprogramteachplantscienceusinghydroponics(水培),whichisasoil-lessmethodusedtogrowplants.Besideschangingculture,theprogramalsoisdesignedtoopenstudentsuptonewchancestoleadhappylivesandsucceedintheworldthroughself-discovery,self-developmentandself-improvementastheyfollowtheirchosenpaths.“Wereallywantthesekidstoseethattherearechancesforthemtolearnaboutdifferentjobs,”Perrysaid.“WehavetomakesurethatourkidsinNevadaseethemselvesinthekeyareasforthefuture.Agriculture(農(nóng)業(yè))isakeyareathatisgrowinginourstate.Thesekidsarenowconsideringjobsinagriculture.”28.Whatinfluencedoestheprogramhaveonsomestudents?A.Changingtheirlives. B.Developingtheirhabits.C.Improvingtheirgrades. D.Increasingtheirinterests.29.Whatarethestudentsexpectedtodoaftertheprogram?A.Liveanindependentlife. B.Makeapositivedifference.C.Havenotroubleinlearning. D.Learnmoreaboutdifferentcultures.30.Whyaretheprogram’sroomsdecoratedwithsofas?A.Todrawstudentsin. B.Tolooklikepublicschools’.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Togetstudentstolovenature.31.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphswanttotellusabouttheprogram?A.Itsrules. B.Itsgoals. C.Itsfuture. D.Itspossibility.【答案】28.A29.B30.A31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個將園藝與導(dǎo)師聯(lián)系在一起的項目，該項目旨在幫助在學(xué)校有學(xué)習問題或行為不端的學(xué)生，很快將在克拉克縣的更多學(xué)校推行?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Acreativeprogramusinggardeningconnectedwithmentorship(導(dǎo)師制)ischangingthelivesofstudents.(一個創(chuàng)造性的項目，將園藝與導(dǎo)師聯(lián)系在一起，正在改變學(xué)生們的生活)”可知，這個項目會改變一些學(xué)生的生活。故選A。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyworktofindstudentsthattheythinkcanhaveapositiveinfluenceintheschooloncetheycompletetheprogram.(他們努力尋找那些他們認為在完成項目后能夠?qū)W(xué)校產(chǎn)生積極影響的學(xué)生)”可知，項目結(jié)束后，期待學(xué)生們做出積極的改變。故選B?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ratherthanatraditionalclassroom,theroomsaredecorated(裝飾)withbeanbagsandsofastocreateaplacedifferentfromthepublicschool,onethatwillattractthestudents.(這些教室不是傳統(tǒng)的教室，而是用豆袋和沙發(fā)裝飾，創(chuàng)造了一個不同于公立學(xué)校的地方，一個吸引學(xué)生的地方)”可知，項目的房間要用沙發(fā)裝飾是為了吸引學(xué)生。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Besideschangingculture,theprogramalsoisdesignedtoopenstudentsuptonewchancestoleadhappylivesandsucceedintheworldthroughself-discovery,self-developmentandself-improvementastheyfollowtheirchosenpaths.(除了改變文化之外，該項目還旨在為學(xué)生提供新的機會，讓他們在自己選擇的道路上，通過自我發(fā)現(xiàn)、自我發(fā)展和自我完善，過上幸福的生活，在世界上取得成功)”以及最后一段““Wereallywantthesekidstoseethattherearechancesforthemtolearnaboutdifferentjobs,”Perrysaid.“WehavetomakesurethatourkidsinNevadaseethemselvesinthekeyareasforthefuture.Agriculture(農(nóng)業(yè))isakeyareathatisgrowinginourstate.Thesekidsarenowconsideringjobsinagriculture.”(佩里說：“我們真的想讓這些孩子看到，他們有機會了解不同的工作。我們必須確保內(nèi)華達州的孩子們在未來的關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域看到自己。農(nóng)業(yè)是我們州正在發(fā)展的一個關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域。這些孩子現(xiàn)在正在考慮從事農(nóng)業(yè)工作?！?”可知，最后兩段想告訴我們這個項目的目標。故選B。DAncientbuildersacrosstheworldcreatedstructures(建筑物)thatarestillstandingtoday,thousandsofyearslater.Romanengineersbuiltthickconcretebarriers(混凝土屏障),forexample.Mayanbuilderscreatedstructurestotheirgods,andChinesebuildersraisedwallsagainstenemies.Buttherearemanyrecentstructuresthatarealreadystartingtofail.Theconcretethatmakesupmuchofourmodernworldlastsaround50to100years.Agrowingnumberofscientistsarebreakingapartpiecesofbuildingsandreadinghistoricaltexts,hopingtolearnhowtheyhavestoodforthousandsofyears.Theresearchhasturnedupasurprisinglistofmaterialsthatweremixedintooldbuildings.Theyincludetreeskins,volcanicash,riceandevenbeer.Theseunexpectedmaterialscouldhavetheabilitytogetstrongerovertimeand“repair”crackswhentheyform.IsancientRomanconcretebetter?ManyresearchershaveturnedtotheRomans.Startingaround200BC,theRomanEmpirewasbuildingconcretestructuresthathavestoodthetestoftime.Now,scientiststhinktheyhavefoundanimportantreasonwhysomeRomanconcretehasheldupstructuresforthousandsofyears.AdmirMasic,anenvironmentalengineersaidthispowercomesfromthickpiecesoflimestone(石灰石)throughouttheRomanmaterialthatisnotmixedinwell.ResearchersusedtothinkthesethickpieceswereasignthattheRomanswerenotmixinguptheirmaterialswellenough.Instead,thescientistsfoundwhencracksform,waterenterstheconcrete.Thatwatercausestheleftoverlimetocreatenewchemicalchangesthatcanfillinthebrokensections.Findingouthowtocopythesefeatures(特征)couldhaverealinfluencestoday.Today’sbuilderscannotjustcopytheancientprocesses.EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldnotholdupheavybuildings.“Ifweadd50or100yearstoconcrete’slifetime,”AdmirMasicsaid,“wewillpulldownlessandrequirelessmaterialinthelongrun.”32.WhyareMayanandChinesebuildersmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentsomefacts. B.Toexplainarule.C.Tointroduceplaces. D.Tomakeacomparison.33.Whatdoscientistswanttodobybreakingapartpiecesofbuildings?A.Replacebrokenparts. B.Improvetheirstyle.C.Learnabouttheirhistory. D.Studytheirmaterials.34.Whatisspecialabouttheancientmaterials?A.Theycouldn’tmixupeasily. B.Theycreatednewchemicalsintime.C.Theyhadanabilitytorepairthemselves. D.Theywouldtakeinthenearbywater.35.Howcanmodernbuilderslearnfromthefeaturesofancientmaterials?A.Bymakingthepastservethepresent. B.Bytryingtofindtheideasbehindthem.CBymakinguseofthemwithoutanychange. D.Byacceptingthegoodandthrowingthebad.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了越來越多的科學(xué)家正在拆解建筑物的碎片，閱讀歷史文獻，希望了解它們是如何屹立數(shù)千年的。經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些意想不到的材料可能會變得更強，并在裂縫形成時“修復(fù)”裂縫。了解如何復(fù)制這些特征可能對今天產(chǎn)生真正的影響?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ancientbuildersacrosstheworldcreatedstructures(建筑物)thatarestillstandingtoday,thousandsofyearslater.Romanengineersbuiltthickconcretebarriers(混凝土屏障),forexample.Mayanbuilderscreatedstructurestotheirgods,andChinesebuildersraisedwallsagainstenemies.(世界各地的古代建筑者建造的建筑在幾千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。例如，羅馬工程師建造了厚厚的混凝土屏障。瑪雅的建筑者為他們的神建造了建筑，而中國的建筑者則筑起了抵御敵人的城墻)”可推知，第一段提到瑪雅和中國的建造者是為了陳述一些事實。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Agrowingnumberofscientistsarebreakingapartpiecesofbuildingsandreadinghistoricaltexts,hopingtolearnhowtheyhavestoodforthousandsofyears.Theresearchhasturnedupasurprisinglistofmaterialsthatweremixedintooldbuildings.(越來越多的科學(xué)家正在拆解建筑物的碎片，閱讀歷史文獻，希望了解它們是如何屹立數(shù)千年的。這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一系列令人驚訝的材料，這些材料被混合到舊建筑中)”可知，科學(xué)家們想通過分解建筑物的碎片來研究它們的材料。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theseunexpectedmaterialscouldhavetheabilitytogetstrongerovertimeand“repair”crackswhentheyform.(隨著時間的推移，這些意想不到的材料可能會變得更強，并在裂縫形成時“修復(fù)”裂縫)”可知，古代材料的特別之處在于有自我修復(fù)的能力。故選C。【35題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Today’sbuilderscannotjustcopytheancientprocesses.EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldnotholdupheavybuildings.“Ifweadd50or100yearstoconcrete’slifetime,”AdmirMasicsaid,“wewillpulldownlessandrequirelessmaterialinthelongrun.”(今天的建筑者不能只是照搬古代的工藝。盡管羅馬混凝土持續(xù)了很長時間，但它無法支撐沉重的建筑物?！叭绻覀兡軐⒒炷恋氖褂脡勖娱L50年或100年，”阿德米爾·馬西克說，“從長遠來看，我們將減少拆除，減少對材料的需求?！?”可知，現(xiàn)代建筑者應(yīng)該學(xué)會接受古代材料好的特點，拋棄壞的特點。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoFeelConfidentYoumighthavealreadyreadandlearnedhowtobeconfident,butwhatifyoustilldon’tfeelallthatconfident?Sometimesittakesyourmindalittlebitoftimetocatchupwithyourbehavior,butyoucanhelptomovetheprocessalong.Inanycase,feelingconfidentiscertainlyacontinuousprocess.Why?____36____Herearesomewaystohelpyoufeelconfident.Thinkpositively.Whenitcomesdowntoit,realityisperception(感知).Ifyoufeelconfident,youare.Iflifeisfallingapartaroundyoubutyoudon’tnotice,it’snotreallyfallingapart.____37____You’renotfoolingyourselfonewayoranother—don’tworrythatyou’rebeingsillyforthinkingpositively.Rememberyou’rejusttakingcontrol.Workout.Whenyouworkout,youlookbetter.Whenyoulookbetter,youfeelbetter.Andworkingoutreleasesendorphins(釋放內(nèi)啡肽),makesyoufeelproductiveandgivesyoustrength.Youdon’thavetobeaprofessionalrunnertogetthebenefits(益處)ofexercise.____38____Dosomethingyou’regoodat.____39____Confidencebeginsfromthere.Andyoushouldnotonlytoit,butdoitoften.It’llremindyouhowgreatyouare.____40____Havingsomeonetoinspireyouandyourconfidencecanbeagreathelp.Justmakesurethepersonisreal—planningtobelikeKimKardashianisnotagoodidea.Youwantasource(來源)ofpositivityyoucantapintowhenyouneedit.A.Findrealrolemodels.B.Trytoworkoutinthegymforlonghours.C.Sogetonthinkingthosehappierthoughts!D.Whenachieved,itwillimproveyourlifealot.E.30minutesadayisallyouneedtogetonthehealthtrain.F.Whenyoudothingsyou’regoodatyoufeelproudandasenseofsatisfaction.G.It’sreallyhardtobeconfidentwhenyou’retryingtobesomeoneyou’renot.【答案】36.D37.C38.E39.F40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了如何變得有自信?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Inanycase,feelingconfidentiscertainlyacontinuousprocess.Why?(無論如何，自信肯定是一個持續(xù)的過程。為什么？)”可知，空處應(yīng)講述自信是持續(xù)的過程的原因，D項“一旦實現(xiàn)，它將大大改善你的生活。”符合題意，it指代前文的feelingconfident。故選D?！?7題詳解】本段的主旨句是首句“Thinkpositively.(積極思考。)”。前文“Iflifeisfallingapartaroundyoubutyoudon’tnotice,it’snotreallyfallingapart.(如果你周圍的生活正在分崩離析，但你沒有注意到，那它并不是真的分崩離析。)”講述了如果你沒有注意自己的生活在分崩離析，那么就不會影響你，后文“You’renotfoolingyourselfonewayoranother—don’tworrythatyou’rebeingsillyforthinkingpositively.(你不是在以這樣或那樣的方式愚弄自己——不要擔心你的積極思考是愚蠢的。)”承接空處的內(nèi)容，講述空處的方法并不是在愚弄自己。由此可知，空處應(yīng)講述要想一想那些開心的想法，C項“所以，繼續(xù)思考那些更快樂的想法吧！”符合題意。故選C。【38題詳解】前文“Youdon’thavetobeaprofessionalrunnertogetthebenefits(益處)ofexercise.(你不必成為一名專業(yè)的跑步者就可以從鍛煉中獲益。)”講述了你不必非要成為專業(yè)的跑步者，空處應(yīng)講述建議如何鍛煉，E項“每天30分鐘是你乘坐健康列車所需要的全部時間?！狈项}意。故選E。【39題詳解】根據(jù)空前主旨句“Dosomethingyou’regoodat.(做一些你擅長的事情。)”可知，本段主要講述的是要做自己擅長的事情，F(xiàn)項“當你做你擅長的事時，你會感到自豪和滿足?！敝v述了做擅長的事情的好處，符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】空處是本段主旨句，且應(yīng)用祈使句。根據(jù)后文“Havingsomeonetoinspireyouandyourconfidencecanbeagreathelp.Justmakesurethepersonisreal—planningtobelikeKimKardashianisnotagoodidea.Youwantasource(來源)ofpositivityyoucantapintowhenyouneedit.(有人可以激勵你和你的自信，這將是一個很大的幫助。只要確保這個人是真實的——計劃成為金·卡戴珊那樣的人不是一個好主意。你想要一個積極的來源，當你需要的時候，你可以利用它。)”可知，本段主要講述了要找一個切實可行的榜樣，A項“找到真正的榜樣?！狈项}意。故選A。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItwasanormalWednesday.Iwasgettingdinnerreadywhensuddenlyapainfulringsoundedinmyear.I____41____thatIneededtocallmygrandmother.Somethingwaswrong.I____42____acallatonce,butshedidn’tanswer.Thatwas____43____becauseshealwaysanswered.I____44____againandagain,buttherewerestillnoanswers.Ibeganto____45____,asshelivedalone,Iknewsheneeded____46____.Icalledmyfather,tellinghimIthoughtweneededtodriveto____47____onher.Onarrivingthere,wefoundmypo