2022年貴州省遵義市高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

2021-2022學(xué)年貴州省遵義市高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourSeasonalBest-SellersOnlineAreyouamongtheparentswhoareseekingbooksforyourchildrenduringthecomingwintervacation?Thefollowingseasonalbest-sellersmaybeonyourlistofchoices.SaltSalt,inwhichHelenFrosttellsastoryaboutfriendshipbetweenAnikwaandJames,wassetinatimeofwar.AnikwaandJamesspenttheirhappydaystogetherintheforestsoftheIndianaTerritoryuntilfacingthecruelwar.Asachildren’sliterature,itwasonceconsideredasaKirkusReviewsBestBookin2013.NowNowwassetinthepresentday.ThisisthefinalbookinMorrisGleitzman’sseriesthatbeganwithOnce,continuedwithThenandNow.Inthenovel,Felix,asuccessfulmanwithpainfulmemoriesofhischildhoodrecallshistimewithhisgranddaughterZelda.Ithasbeenpopularwithteenagerssinceitcameout.NowisoneofKirkusReviewsBestChildren’sBooksof2012.GreenDie-cut(模切的)pagesbringsurpriseaftersurpriseinthismagicalnewbook.Howmanykindsofgreenarethereintheworld?LauraVaccaroSeegershapesarespecttoasinglecolorthatwilldelightandquitepossiblyshockyou.GreenwasconsideredasKirkusReviewsBestChildren’sBookof2012anda2013CaldecottHonorBook.HolesInthiswonderfullycreativenovel,LouisSacharmakesupapuzzleaboutStanleyYelnats,aboywhowassenttojuveniledetentioncenter(少年管教中心)CampGreenLake,andforcedtodigaholeaday,fivefeetacrossinthehardearthofthedried-uplakebed.Itisadarklyhumoroustale.ThebookwinstheWinneroftheNationalBookAwardandwasoneofthebestsellersamongchildren.1.WhoistheauthorofthebookSalt?A.HelenFrost. B.Anikwa.C.StanleyYelnats. D.LouisSachar.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookGreen?A.Ittellsaseriousbutfunnystory.B.Itdescribesdifferentkindsofonecolor.C.Ittalksaboutfriendshipintheperiodofwar.D.ItisoneoftheseriesbyLauraVaccaroSeeger.3.Whatdothefourbooksinthetexthaveincommon?A.Theyaresetinmoderntimes.B.Theysharethesamehonoraseachother.C.Theydon’tsellaswellasfirstpublished.D.Theirreadersaremostlychildren.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四本適合兒童的季節(jié)性線上暢銷書(shū)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Salt段落下的“Salt,inwhichHelenFrosttellsastoryaboutfriendshipbetweenAnikwaandJames,wassetinatimeofwar.(在《鹽》這本書(shū)中，HelenFrost講述了發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期的關(guān)于Anikwa和James之間友誼的故事)”可知，《鹽》這本書(shū)的作者是HelenFrost。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Green段落下的“Howmanykindsofgreenarethereintheworld?LauraVaccaroSeegershapesarespecttoasinglecolorthatwilldelightandquitepossiblyshockyou.(世界上有多少種綠色？LauraVaccaroSeeger塑造了這一單一顏色的細(xì)節(jié)，這會(huì)讓你感到高興和震驚)”可知，作者對(duì)單一的綠色做了詳細(xì)的描寫(xiě)，結(jié)合前面的問(wèn)句可推知，本書(shū)中將綠色分出了不同的種類。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Areyouamongtheparentswhoareseekingbooksforyourchildrenduringthecomingwintervacation?Thefollowingseasonalbest-sellersmaybeonyourlistofchoices.(在即將到來(lái)的寒假里，你也是為孩子們找書(shū)的父母之一嗎？以下季節(jié)性暢銷書(shū)可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在你的選擇清單中)”可推知，后文推薦的四本書(shū)都是適合孩子讀的書(shū)。故選D。【點(diǎn)睛】BItwasJenniferWilliams’motherwhogotherinterestedinbooks.Asalibrarian,Williams’motherreadtoherthreechildreneveryday.“Fromwhenwehadn’tgonetokindergarten,”Williamstold,alocalnewssite,“untilwewenttocollege.”WhenWilliams,whoisnow54,becameanelementaryschoolteacherandtutorinDanville,Virginia,shewantedherstudentstobefallinginlovewithreadingjustasshehad.Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlittlechancetogetenoughbookstoread.ToWilliams,thesolutionwassimple:givekidsbooks.In2017,shedonated(捐贈(zèng))900usedchildren’sbooksoverthreedays.“Iwantedtodosomethingthat’sgoingtocontinuemyfaith,”shesaid.Soshestartedanewprojectforherself:giveawayonemillionbooks.Itsoundslikeanunreachablenumber,butasWilliamspostedonFacebook:“Don’tcomplaininthestandifyouaren’twillingtoworkhardoutonthefield.”Shegottowork,firstbypersuadingherfriendstodonatebooksormoneytobuybooks.Beforelong,asnewsofWilliams’projectspread,strangersstartedleavingvarietiesofbooksonherfrontwalkway.Asquicklyasthebookscamein,Williamsgavethemtolocalschoolsfreeofcharge—andalsosupplies41,000bookstolittlefreelibrariesaroundthecityjustovertheNorthCarolinaborder.Shealsohostedabookclubforprisonersinthelocalprison.Inthefouryearsshe’sbeendoingallthis.TheBookLady,asWilliamshascometobecelebrated,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000moretoreachhergoal!Andshe’snotslowingdown.“Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.“Youcantravelintimeandspace.Ifyoucanread,youcanlearnalmostanything.”4.WhatmadeWilliamsdecidetogiveawaybooks?A.Thedesireforbeingfamous. B.Hermother’sfaithinreading.C.Therequirementofteaching. D.Theshortageofkids’books.5.WhatdidWilliamsdotoencouragepeopletoread?A.Shegaveallthebookscollectedtolocalschools.B.Shepersuadedherfriendstodonateonlymoney.C.Sheinvitedstrangerstoleavebooksinherhouse.D.Shehostedabookclublocallyforprisoners.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“celebrated”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Positive. B.Serious. C.Famous. D.Proud.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJenniferWilliams?A.Humorousandconfident. B.Kindandinfluential.C.Curiousandprofessional. D.Independentandsmart.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一位教師因深受母親影響而喜愛(ài)讀書(shū)，為了讓更多的人愛(ài)上讀書(shū)，她啟動(dòng)了捐贈(zèng)圖書(shū)的項(xiàng)目的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlittlechancetogetenoughbookstoread.（但在早期，她意識(shí)到一些孩子很少有機(jī)會(huì)獲得足夠的書(shū)來(lái)閱讀。）”可知，因?yàn)楹⒆觽儧](méi)有機(jī)會(huì)讀書(shū)，因此Williams決定把書(shū)都捐出去。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Shealsohostedabookclubforprisonersinthelocalprison.（她也在當(dāng)?shù)氐谋O(jiān)獄為囚犯創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部。）”可知，Williams通過(guò)為當(dāng)?shù)氐谋O(jiān)獄創(chuàng)辦讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部來(lái)鼓勵(lì)人們閱讀。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“TheBookLady,asWilliamshascometobecelebrated（Williams被稱為‘書(shū)籍夫人’，被人們廣為贊頌）”可知，Williams已經(jīng)以“BookLady”而聞名。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段第二句提到“TheBookLady,asWilliamshascometobecelebrated,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000moretoreachhergoal!（‘書(shū)籍夫人’已經(jīng)捐出了78000多本書(shū)——僅再捐出922000本書(shū)就能實(shí)現(xiàn)她的目標(biāo)!）”和最后一段倒數(shù)第二句提到“Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.“Youcantravelintimeandspace.Ifyoucanread,youcanlearnalmostanything.”（“閱讀可以帶你去任何地方，”她告訴CNN?！澳憧梢栽跁r(shí)間和空間中旅行。如果你會(huì)閱讀，你幾乎可以學(xué)到任何東西?！保┛芍猈illiams捐贈(zèng)了很多書(shū)，讓很多人愛(ài)上讀書(shū)。同時(shí)，她的事跡也被有影響力的媒體進(jìn)行了報(bào)道，說(shuō)明這一舉動(dòng)不僅體現(xiàn)了她的大方，而且她的做法也是有影響力的。故選D。CPeopleuselaughtertoconnectandbondwithothers.It’showwetellfriendsthatwefindtheirjokesfunny,orhowkidsinaparkshowthattheyarehavingfun.Laughterissoimportanttohumans,eveniftheybelongtodifferentculturesorspeakdifferentlanguages.Whataboutanimals?Scientistsarestudyingifthereisaconnectionbetweenanimals’laughingandplaying.SashaWinkler,fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles(UCLA),studiesbiologicalanthropology(人類學(xué))，includingthestudyofanimalbehavior.Shenoticedthatthesmallmonkeyssheworkedwith,likedtoplaytogetherbychasingeachother.Whilehavingfuntogether,theymadepanting(喘氣)sounds,almostliketheywereoutofbreath,whichremindedWinkleroftheirquietlaughter.ThismadeWinklerwonderwhetherotheranimalsdidsowhiletheywereplaying.Tofindoutwhetherotheranimalslaughandplay,WinklerteamedupwithanotherscientistnamedGregBryant,aprofessorandvicechairintheDepartmentofCommunicationatUCLA.Together,theyfoundandreaddozensofreportswrittenbyotherscientistswhostudyanimals.WinklerandBryantlookedforanymentionsinanyanimalofsoundsignalinglikethepantingofthemonkeysduringtheirplaying.InApril2021,WinklerandBryantpublishedtheirfindingsinasciencejournal.Throughtheirresearch,theyidentified65speciesorgroupsofanimals,whichlaughwhileplaying.Theanimalsthatlaughthemostincludeprimates(靈長(zhǎng)類)likemonkeysandapes,rodents(嚙齒動(dòng)物)likerats,andmammalsthatliveintheoceanlikedolphins.Theirworkwon’tonlyhelpusunderstandanimalsbetterbutitcouldalsohelpusunderstandhowhumansdeveloporchangeovertime.Next,theywillcarryonmorestudytofindmore.8.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Toconcludethemainidea.B.Toputforwardthetopic.C.Toofferthesupportingevidences.D.Toaddthebackgroundinformation.9.Whatarethesmallmonkeyslikewhentheyarehavingfun?A.Theycanhardlybreathe.B.Theytendtolaughseparately.C.Theylaughatalowsound.D.Theydon’tlaughatall.10.WhatdoweknowaboutWinklerandBryant’sstudy?A.Itisgreatprogressinthestudyofanimalsandhumans.B.Itisonlybasedonthefindingsinasciencejournal.C.Over65groupsofanimalslaughwhileplaying.D.Theydotheresearchonlybystudyingprimatesandrodents.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Science. B.Education. C.Health. D.Entertainment.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了Winkler和Bryant對(duì)于動(dòng)物的笑與玩耍之間聯(lián)系的科學(xué)研究。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段后兩句“Whataboutanimals?Scientistsarestudyingifthereisaconnectionbetweenanimals’laughingandplaying.(動(dòng)物們是怎樣的呢？科學(xué)家們正在研究動(dòng)物的笑與玩耍之間是否有聯(lián)系)”可知，第一段前面所陳述的人類的笑所起到的作用是為了引出本文探討的主題：對(duì)于動(dòng)物的笑與玩耍之間聯(lián)系的研究。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Whilehavingfuntogether,theymadepanting(喘氣)sounds,almostliketheywereoutofbreath,whichremindedWinkleroftheirquietlaughter.(當(dāng)一起玩得高興時(shí)，它們會(huì)發(fā)出喘氣的聲音，就像喘不過(guò)氣似的，這使Winkler想起了它們不出聲的笑)”可知，小猩猩們?cè)谕嫠r(shí)會(huì)低聲笑。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二和三句“Theirworkwon’tonlyhelpusunderstandanimalsbetterbutitcouldalsohelpusunderstandhowhumansdeveloporchangeovertime.(他們的工作不僅能幫助我們更好地了解動(dòng)物，還能幫助我們了解人類是如何隨著時(shí)間的推移而發(fā)展變化的)”可知，Winkler和Bryant的研究有重要意義，是關(guān)于動(dòng)物和人類研究的重大進(jìn)展。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要講述了Winkler和Bryant對(duì)于動(dòng)物的笑與玩耍之間聯(lián)系的科學(xué)研究，結(jié)合第一段最后一句“Scientistsarestudyingifthereisaconnectionbetweenanimals’laughingandplaying.(科學(xué)家們正在研究動(dòng)物的笑與玩耍之間是否有聯(lián)系)”推知，文章最可能出自報(bào)紙的科學(xué)板塊。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】DWintercanusuallykillmostwildfires.ButinthefarNorth，someforestfiresjustdon’tdie.Theyarethoughtofas“zombie(僵尸)fires”.“Zombiefires”usuallysleepundergroundinwinter.Coveredbysnow,theysmokethroughthecold.Fueledbycarbon-richpeat(泥炭)andsoilintheNorth,mostofthesehiddenfiresspreadslowlyforlessthan500metersduringthewinter.Whenspringcomes,theflames(火焰)ofthefiresappearnearsitesthattheyburnedinwinter,andtheyturntoburningfreshfuelsaround.ThismayhappenwellbeforethetraditionalfireseasoninthefarNorth.“Zombiefires”hadbeenknownmostlyfromfirefighters’stories.Fewscientistsstudiedthemuntildetailsinsomesatelliteimagesattractedoneresearchteam.RebeccaScholten,amemberoftheteam,studiesearthsystemsatVrijeUniversityAmsterdamintheNetherlands.Herteamnoticedanunusualthing.“Newfireshavebeenstartingveryclosetotheformeryears’firesinrecentyears，andwewonderhowoftenthefiresmightsurvivethewinter,”Scholtenexplains.These“zombiefires”arerarelyseenbefore,accordingtoanewstudyfromNature.Butinrecentyears,theyarebecomingmorecommon,thestudywarns.Itisbelievedthatthe“zombiefires”areevenontheroadofbeingathreat.ForestsinthefarNortharewarmingfasterthantheglobe’saverage(平均數(shù)).Scholtensays,“We’reseeingmorehotsummersandmorelargefiresandstrongburning.Thatcouldsetthestageforthefirestobecomeabiggerproblem,”sheworries.Andtheregion’ssoilsholdalotofcarbon—maybetwiceasmuchasearth’satmosphere.Morefiresherecouldgiveoffhugeamountsofgreenhousegases.Thatwoulddriveacycleofmorewarmingandevenhigherriskoffires.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“zombiesfires”inthefarNorth?A.Theywillcompletelydieoutinwinter.B.Carbon-richpeathelpsthemburnslowlyinwinter.C.Theyoftenhappenafterthetraditionalfireseason.D.Theirflamescanonlyappearinspring.13.WhatcanweinferfromScholten’swordsinparagraph3?A.“Zombiefires”appearearlierthantheyearsbefore.B.“Zombiefires”happenfarfromformeryears’fires.C“Zombiefires”happenmorefrequentlythanbefore.D.“Zombiefires”appearindifferentshapeseveryyear.14.Whatwasacauseofbeingathreatforthe“zombiefires”?A.Theglobalwarmingisslowingdown.B.Thehotsummersarelessandlessseen.C.Thearea’ssoilsareshortofcarbon.D.Moregreenhousegasesaregivenoff.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereAre“ZombieFires”From?B.Are“ZombieFires”Frightening?C.PayAttentionTo“ZombieFires”!D.“ZombieFires”AreCausedByHumans!【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述“僵尸火”的相關(guān)信息，并警示大家要小心。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Fueledbycarbon-richpeat(泥炭)andsoilintheNorth,mostofthesehiddenfiresspreadslowlyforlessthan500metersduringthewinter.”（由泥炭和北極的土壤為燃料，大部分被藏起來(lái)的野火在冬天會(huì)慢慢蔓延接近500米遠(yuǎn)的距離。）可知，泥炭是“僵尸火”在冬天的燃料，幫助它在冬天慢慢燃燒。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Newfireshavebeenstartingveryclosetotheformeryears’firesinrecentyears”（近年來(lái)，新的火災(zāi)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，非常接近前幾年的火災(zāi)）可知，在Scholten看來(lái)，“僵尸火”比以前多了。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisbelievedthatthe“zombiefires”areevenontheroadofbeingathreat.”（人們相信“僵尸火”甚至?xí)蔀橐粋€(gè)威脅。）和“Morefiresherecouldgiveoffhugeamountsofgreenhousegases.Thatwoulddriveacycleofmorewarmingandevenhigherriskoffires.”（這里更多的火災(zāi)會(huì)釋放大量的溫室氣體。這將造成更多的溫室氣體循環(huán)和甚至更大的火災(zāi)的危險(xiǎn)。）可知，“僵尸火”成為威脅的原因是它會(huì)釋放大量的溫室氣體。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisbelievedthatthe“zombiefires”areevenontheroadofbeingathreat.”（人們相信“僵尸火”甚至?xí)蔀橐粋€(gè)威脅。）可知，這篇文章是在警示大家，“僵尸火”對(duì)人類是個(gè)威脅，所以要小心。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Tokeepsocialdistancingandworkathomeduringthepandemic(流行病)hasledtolesstimemovingaround,andmoretimesittingandlookingatscreens.Formanyofficeworkers,workingathomemeansspendinghourssittingatourdesk.____16____.Therefore,exerciseexpertssuggestthingsmustbechanged.Sometipsherearetohelpyoumovemore.StartsmallPeopletryingtostartexercisingoftengetcaughtupinan“allornothing”thinkingwhichmeanseitherIdozeroorIdotwohours.AndifIdon’tgettwohours,thenitdoesn’tcount,orit’snotgoodenough.____17____.Goingfromnoactivityatalltoevenalittlebitwillindeedgetsomehealtheffects.____18____Partofdevelopingagoodexercisehabitistoknowyourselfwell.Knowingwhat’spossibleandwhat’snotrealisticforyou.Forinstance,ifyou’renotamorningperson,don’tplantoexerciseinthemorning.Andifyouhaterunning,don’trunjustbecausesomeonetellsyouit’sgoodforyou.____19____.Arrangingwithafriendtoworkoutwillhelpyouavoidstrugglingtogetstarted.WalkwheneveryoucanSittinglessandwalkingmorewillmakeabigdifference.Useyourstairsinsteadofanelevator.Andifyoudon’thavetogoout,justwalkroomtoroombackandforthtogetthoseextrasteps.Ifyouhaveameeting,usethebreakofthatmeetingtowalkaround.____20____A.MakesuretoknowyourselfwellB.ChooseasuitabletimeforyourselfC.AllthesestepswillcountandbehelpfulD.That’sagreatplaceforeverybodytowalkE.ButfiveminutesisbelievedtobebetterthannoneF.AnditisruiningourhealthphysicallyandmentallyG.Youcanthinkofpossiblewaysforyoutostartorstickto【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就新冠疫情期間，我們?cè)诩依锶绾五憻捥岢隽艘恍┙ㄗh?！驹斀狻?.由上文“Tokeepsocialdistancingandworkathomeduringthepandemic(流行病)hasledtolesstimemovingaround,andmoretimesittingandlookingatscreens.Formanyofficeworkers,workingathomemeansspendinghourssittingatourdesk.”(在流感大流行期間，保持社會(huì)距離和在家工作的做法，導(dǎo)致人們活動(dòng)的時(shí)間減少，更多的時(shí)間坐著看屏幕。對(duì)于許多辦公室職員來(lái)說(shuō)，在家工作意味著在辦公桌前坐上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。)可知，新冠肺炎導(dǎo)致人們?cè)诩夜ぷ?，意味著在辦公桌前坐上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)，活動(dòng)時(shí)間減少。結(jié)合下文“Therefore,exerciseexpertssuggestthingsmustbechanged.”(因此，運(yùn)動(dòng)專家建議，必須改變一些東西。)可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)專家建議我們要對(duì)此做出改變，所以可以推斷出，空處應(yīng)該是承上啟下，即人們?cè)诩肄k公，在辦公桌前坐上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)，活動(dòng)時(shí)間減少，這會(huì)對(duì)人們有害，所以我們要對(duì)此做出改變，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Anditisruiningourhealthphysicallyandmentally”(它正在摧毀我們的身心健康)符合，和下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故選F。2.由上文“AndifIdon’tgettwohours.thenitdoesn’tcount,orit’snotgoodenough.”(如果我鍛煉達(dá)不到兩個(gè)小時(shí)，那么鍛煉就沒(méi)有意義，或者這樣鍛煉不足夠好。)和下文“Goingfromnoactivityatalltoevenalittlebitwillindeedgetsomehealtheffects.”(從根本不活動(dòng)到哪怕一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)都會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生一些影響。)可知，空前指出一些人認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的鍛煉才有用，短時(shí)間的鍛煉沒(méi)有用，空后指出哪怕一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的活動(dòng)也有用，所以可以推斷出，空處應(yīng)該是和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，同時(shí)引起下文，E選項(xiàng)“Butfiveminutesisbelievedtobebetterthannone”(但是五分鐘的鍛煉也比不鍛煉好)符合，故選E。3.該空是本段的標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Partofdevelopingagoodexercisehabitistoknowyourselfwell.Knowingwhat’spossibleandwhat’snotrealisticforyou.”(養(yǎng)成良好的鍛煉習(xí)慣的一部分就是要了解自己。知道什么是可能的，什么是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。)可知，本段主要講我們要了解自己，A選項(xiàng)“Makesuretoknowyourselfwell”(確保你很了解自己)符合，故選A。4.由下文“Arrangingwithafriendtoworkoutwillhelpyouavoidstrugglingtogetstarted.”(和一個(gè)朋友去健身，可以幫助你避免開(kāi)始鍛煉的掙扎。)可知，此處用具體例子指出開(kāi)始鍛煉時(shí)要和朋友一起去健身，這樣能避免你開(kāi)始做鍛煉的那種掙扎，所以可以推斷出空處應(yīng)該是對(duì)下文進(jìn)行具體概括，G項(xiàng)“Youcanthinkofpossiblewaysforyoutostartorstickto”(你可以想出一些可能的辦法讓你開(kāi)始或堅(jiān)持下去)符合，引起下文，其中“start”和下文“getstarted”相呼應(yīng)，故選G。5.由上文“Andifyoudon’thavetogoout,justwalkroomtoroombackandforthtogetthoseextrasteps.Ifyouhaveameeting,usethebreakofthatmeetingtowalkaround.”(如果你不需要出門(mén)，就在一個(gè)房間里走來(lái)走去，多走幾步。如果你要開(kāi)會(huì)，利用會(huì)議休息時(shí)間到處走走。)可知，此處指我們要多走走，這樣對(duì)身體有好處，空處應(yīng)該是承接上文，對(duì)上文內(nèi)容做出解釋，即我們?yōu)槭裁匆嘧咦?，C選項(xiàng)“Allthesestepswillcountandbehelpful.”(你走的這些步子都是有用的。)符合，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThesecondSundayinMayisavolunteerdayinmyneighborhood.Lastyear,myneighborsandIdecidedto____21____inthecancerward(病房)attheRoyalChildren’sHospital.AsChildren’sDaywascoming,thehospitalwantedustomakesome____22____withchildren.Thedaybeforewewenttothehospital,manyofuswerefeelingquite____23____.Wedidn’tknowhowwewouldreactwhenseeingthosesick____24____.Aswewerepreparingmorningteaforthem,I____25____someneighborstomakechocolatebreadandcandiesatmyhome.Wearrivedearlyatthehospitalandweregreeted____26____bythestaff—itwas____27____toknowthattheywerewelcomingusandthebrightnesswewouldoffer.Ourfirst____28____wastooffermorningteatothechildrenwhoseemedabitshy—itseemedthatnothingbrokethe____29____betterthancandies!Itwasthentimetostartmakingcards—webroughtcrayons,glueandshinythingsto____30____thechildren!Wetalkedwiththemandhelpedthemmakecards.Itwassurprisingthatour____31____immediatelywentaway.Althoughtheywereseriouslyill,theywere____32____.Mostofthemchosetousebrightcolorsastheybelievedtheywouldbe____33____soon.Foratime,weeven____34____theywereill.Weleftthehospitalwhenitwasdark.Althoughweweretired,wewerehappytosee____35____onthosechildren’sfaces.21.A.exchange B.volunteer C.recover D.live22.A.cakes B.cards C.toys D.soccers23.A.annoyed B.tired C.relaxed D.nervous24.A.children B.neighbors C.friends D.athletes25.A.warned B.forced C.forbade D.asked26.A.quietly B.warmly C.equally D.secretly27.A.worrying B.disappointing C.confusing D.encouraging28.A.try B.experiment C.job D.goal29.A.law B.promise C.ice D.record30.A.excite B.educate C.touch D.frighten31.A.luck B.dream C.stress D.joy32.A.limited B.traditional C.positive D.confident33.A.younger B.better C.worse D.cooler34.A.believed B.found C.doubted D.forgot35.A.smiles B.tears C.pain D.anxiety【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.C30.A31.C32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在皇家兒童醫(yī)院的癌癥病房做志愿者的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我和鄰居們決定去皇家兒童醫(yī)院的癌癥病房做志愿者。A.exchange交換；B.volunteer志愿做；C.recover恢復(fù)；D.live生活，居住。根據(jù)前文可知，五月的第二個(gè)星期日是作者社區(qū)的志愿者日，所以作者和鄰居們決定去皇家兒童醫(yī)院的癌癥病房做志愿者。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：六一兒童節(jié)快到了，醫(yī)院要我們和孩子們一起做一些卡片。A.cakes蛋糕；B.cards卡片；C.toys玩具；D.soccers足球。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Itwasthentimetostartmakingcards”的提示可知，醫(yī)院要作者他們和孩子們做卡片。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在去醫(yī)院的前一天，我們中的許多人都感到非常緊張。A.annoyed生氣的；B.tired疲倦的；C.relaxed放松的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)后文“Wedidn’tknowhowwewouldreact”可知，作者他們因?yàn)榫o張而不知道面對(duì)生病的孩子們時(shí)該如何表現(xiàn)。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不知道看到那些生病的孩子會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)。A.children兒童；B.neighbors鄰居；C.friends朋友；D.athletes運(yùn)動(dòng)員。由前文可知，作者去的是兒童醫(yī)院，所以此處指生病的孩子。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們?yōu)樗麄儨?zhǔn)備早茶時(shí)，我請(qǐng)了一些鄰居在我家做巧克力面包和糖果。A.warned警告；B.forced強(qiáng)迫；C.forbade禁止；D.asked請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)后文“someneighborstomakechocolatebreadandcandiesatmyhome.”可知，只有“asked請(qǐng)求”符合句意要求，作者請(qǐng)求鄰居們做一些巧克力面包和糖果。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很早就到了醫(yī)院，并受到了工作人員的熱情歡迎——得知他們?cè)跉g迎我們以及我們將提供的服務(wù)，我們感到很受鼓舞。A.quietly安靜地；B.warmly熱情地；C.equally平等地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)句中的greeted可知，“warmly熱情地”符合句意，作者他們受到了熱情地歡迎。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很早就到了醫(yī)院，并受到了工作人員的熱情歡迎——得知他們?cè)跉g迎我們以及我們將提供的服務(wù)，我們感到很受鼓舞。A.worrying令人擔(dān)憂的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.encouraging鼓舞人心的。根據(jù)前文可知，作者他們受到了熱烈歡迎，再想到將要提供的志愿服務(wù)，作者感到備受鼓舞。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們要做的第一件事是給孩子們提供早茶，他們看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)害羞——似乎沒(méi)有什么比糖果更能打破僵局了!A.try嘗試；B.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.job工作，事情；D.goal目標(biāo)。根據(jù)“ourfirst”可知，給孩子們提供早茶是作者他們要做的第一件事。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們要做的第一件事是給孩子們提供早茶，他們看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)害羞——似乎沒(méi)有什么比糖果更能打破僵局了!A.law法律；B.promise承諾；C.ice冰；D.record記錄。由空前“whoseemedabitshy”可知，孩子們有點(diǎn)害羞，比較拘謹(jǐn)，而孩子們都喜歡的糖果打破了僵局，breaktheice表示“打破僵局；使氣氛輕松”。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后是制作卡片的時(shí)間了——我們帶了蠟筆、膠水和亮閃閃的東西來(lái)激發(fā)孩子們的熱情！A.excite使興奮，激發(fā)；B.educate教育；C.touch接觸；D.frighten使害怕。根據(jù)前文中“crayons,glueandshinythings”可知，這些東西是用來(lái)激發(fā)孩子們的熱情的。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝是，我們的壓力立刻消失了。A.luck運(yùn)氣；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.stress壓力；D.joy歡樂(lè)。根據(jù)前文可知，作者來(lái)醫(yī)院之前感到緊張，有壓力，做卡片時(shí)，孩子們的興奮勁兒，使得作者他們的壓力消失了。故選C。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他們都病得很重，但他們都是樂(lè)觀的。A.limited有限的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.positive積極的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)句意和后文中的“brightcolors”可知，雖然病得嚴(yán)重，孩子們還是積極樂(lè)觀的。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人選擇了明亮的顏色，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈抛约汉芸炀蜁?huì)好起來(lái)。A.younger更年輕的；B.better更好的；C.worse更差的；D.cooler更酷的。由前文孩子們選用明亮的色彩和積極的態(tài)度可知，孩子們相信自己會(huì)好起來(lái)的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)，我們甚至忘記他們生病了。A.believed相信；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.doubted懷疑；D.forgot忘記。根據(jù)做卡片時(shí)孩子們興奮表情，以及對(duì)將來(lái)美好的期望可知，作者他們甚至忘記他們生病了。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我們很累，但我們很高興看到孩子們臉上的笑容。A.smiles微笑；B.tears眼淚；C.pain痛苦；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)前文孩子們興奮的表情和對(duì)將來(lái)美好的期待可知，作者他們離開(kāi)時(shí)，看到孩子們臉上是有高興的笑容的。故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DongtingLake,thesecond____36____(large)freshwaterlakeinChina,hasbeenknownforbeinghometofishesandmammalssinceancienttimes.Theyreachedherealongtheflowoftherivertoliveandproduceyoung,givinglocalfishermenincludingHeDamingcountless____37____(nature)gifts.Inthe1980s,there____38____(be)morethan120speciesoffishintheLake.However,illegalsandminingcoupledwithmanyshipssailingintheareaaffectedthelakeecosystem____39____illegalpowergrids(電網(wǎng))begantoappeararoundthearea.Asaresult,fisheryresourcesintheLakecontinuedtobereducing,____40____threatenedtheecologyofDongtingLake.Itwasaroundthistimethatthenumberoffinlessporpoises(江豚)thatusedtobecommoninthelakedropped____41____(clear).HeDaminggatheredsomeofhisfellowfishermen____42____(discuss)thesituationandevenrequiredthemtostopfishing.Inaddition,theysetupanecologicalprotection____43____(organize).Alotofwell-educatedyoungpeoplealsojoinedit.From2020on,asfishingwasnotallowedinkeyareasoftheYangtzeRiverbasin,includingDongtingLake,manyfishermenhavegraduallygivenupfishingandtakenupjobsinmanyother____44____(industry).Thankstotheirefforts,DongtingLakeecologyhastakenon____45____completenewlooksofar.【答案】36.largest37.natural38.were39.and40.which41.clearly42.todiscuss43.organization44.industries45.a【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講了中國(guó)第二大淡水湖——洞庭湖，自古以來(lái)就是魚(yú)類和哺乳動(dòng)物的家園，但是由于非法采砂，船只在湖泊內(nèi)停泊，以及非法電網(wǎng)等問(wèn)題，導(dǎo)致湖泊漁業(yè)資源持續(xù)減少，威脅著洞庭湖的生態(tài)環(huán)境。后來(lái)漁民們開(kāi)始拯救湖泊，他們成立了生態(tài)保護(hù)組織，由于他們的努力，洞庭湖生態(tài)目前已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)全新的面貌。【詳解】1.考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：洞庭湖是中國(guó)第二大淡水湖，自古以來(lái)就是魚(yú)類和哺乳動(dòng)物的家園。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“第二大的”應(yīng)用large(大的)最高級(jí)，故填largest。2.考查形容詞。句意：他們沿著河流來(lái)到這里生活和繁衍后代，給當(dāng)?shù)氐臐O民，包括何大明，帶來(lái)了無(wú)數(shù)的天然禮物。此處應(yīng)用形容詞natural修飾名詞gifts(禮物)，作定語(yǔ)，表示“天然的”，故填natural。3.考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在20世紀(jì)80年代，湖里有超過(guò)120種魚(yú)。由時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞Inthe1980s(20世紀(jì)80年代)可知，句子描述的是過(guò)去的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且therebe句型中，be動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與其后名詞的數(shù)保持一致，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞morethan120speciesoffish(超過(guò)120種魚(yú))是復(fù)數(shù)，所以此處應(yīng)用were，故填were。4.考查連詞。句意：然而，非法采砂和許多船只在該地區(qū)航行影響了湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，同時(shí)非法電網(wǎng)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)在該地區(qū)?？涨熬渥印癷llegalsandminingcoupledwithmanyshipssailingintheareaaffectedthelakeecosystem”(非法采砂和許多船只在該地區(qū)航行影響了湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng))和空后句子“illegalpowergrids(電網(wǎng))begantoappeararoundthearea.”(非法電網(wǎng)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)在該地區(qū))是并列關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用并列連詞and連接起來(lái)，故填and。5.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：結(jié)果，湖泊漁業(yè)資源持續(xù)減少，威脅著洞庭湖的生態(tài)環(huán)境。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“_______threatenedtheecologyofDongtingLake.”是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“fisheryresourcesintheLakecontinuedtobereducing”(湖泊漁業(yè)資源持續(xù)減少)空前這個(gè)句子，指物，所以此處應(yīng)用which來(lái)引導(dǎo)，故填which。6.考查副詞。句意：大約就在這個(gè)時(shí)候，湖中常見(jiàn)的江豚數(shù)量明顯減少。動(dòng)詞dropped(下降)應(yīng)用副詞clearly來(lái)修飾，意為“明顯地”，故填clearly。7.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：何大明召集了一些漁民來(lái)討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題，甚至要求他們停止捕魚(yú)。空處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做目的狀語(yǔ)，表示“為了討論”，應(yīng)用不定式todiscuss做目的狀語(yǔ)，故填todiscuss。8.考查名詞。句意：此外，他們還成立了一個(gè)生態(tài)保護(hù)組織。由前面的冠詞an可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞organization，意為“組織”，做setup(建立)的賓語(yǔ)，故填organization。9.考查可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：從2020年開(kāi)始，包括洞庭湖在內(nèi)的重點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)江流域禁止捕魚(yú)，所以許多漁民逐漸放棄了捕魚(yú)，轉(zhuǎn)而從事許多其他行業(yè)的工作。此處應(yīng)用名詞做介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，且由many(許多)可知，此處應(yīng)用industry的復(fù)數(shù)形式industries，故填industries。10.考查冠詞。句意：由于他們的努力，洞庭湖生態(tài)目前已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)全新的面貌。Look是名詞表示“面貌”，且為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示“一個(gè)全新的面貌”，應(yīng)用冠詞來(lái)修飾，且complete(完全的)發(fā)音不是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的，應(yīng)用a而非an，故填a。第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你的外國(guó)好友Lily最近成績(jī)下降明顯。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)封郵件，給她提些建議，內(nèi)容包括：1.保持良好的心態(tài)；2.制定合理的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃；3.多向老師和同學(xué)求助。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearLily,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearLily,I’msorrytoknowthatyouhavegottenlowgradesrecently.Butdon’tworryaboutittoomuch.Now,letmesharesomesuggestionswithyou.Firstly,Ithinkit’simportanttohaveapositiveattitudetowardsstudy.Besides,youneedtomakegoodplansforyourstudy,whichwillhelpyouimproveyourgradeslittlebylittle.Lastbutnotleast,youshouldturntoyourteachersandclassmatesforhelpwhenyouhaveanydifficultyinstudy.Idohopemysuggestionswillbeofsomehelptoyou.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。要求考生給外國(guó)好友Lily寫(xiě)一封郵件，給她提些關(guān)于成績(jī)下滑該如何改善的建議?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累建議：suggestion→advice/proposal重要的：important→significant/vital提升：improve→promote/elevate困難：difficulty→trouble2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Now,letmesharesomesuggestionswithyou.拓展句：Now,letmesharesomesuggestionsthatIhopewillhelpyou.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Besides,youneedtomakegoodplansforyourstudy,whichwillhelpyouimproveyourgradeslittleby