中考英語-賓語從句講解課件

賓語從句語法講解賓語從句概念1.賓語：賓語可由名詞，代詞或名詞短語或句子來充當(dāng)。2.賓語從句：在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。*即：句子的賓語一般由名詞、代詞、動名詞或不定式充當(dāng)，當(dāng)一個句子充當(dāng)賓語時，我們把這個句子叫做賓語從句。Helikesplayingfootball.他喜歡踢足球A主語B謂語C賓語Ifindthathelikesplayingfootball.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他喜歡踢足球（賓語從句）A主句B連接詞C賓語從句賓語從句三個考點語序時態(tài)引導(dǎo)詞語序（陳述語序）陳述語序：主語+謂語e.g.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.

e.g.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?e.g.Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.

想一想？判斷正誤？Iwanttoknowifwillitraintomorrow.（）

時態(tài)

(主現(xiàn)從不限)1主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可根據(jù)句意用各種時態(tài)。e.g.Isupposethathewillcometomorrow.(一般將來時)e.g.Irememberyougavemeapenyesterday.（一般過去時）e.g.Ninasaysshehasseenthemovie.（現(xiàn)在完成時）時態(tài)（主過從必過）2主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態(tài)。e.g.Isaidthathepassedtheexam.(一般過去時)e.g.Hetoldmethatshewouldcome.（過去將來時）e.g.MyfathersaidhewaswatchingTVatthattime.（過去進行時）e.g.Alicesaidthatshehadalreadycleanedthehouse.（過去完成時）

時態(tài)（客觀真理永一現(xiàn)）3無論主句什么時態(tài)，從句是真理時，只用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g.Myfathertoldmethatthesunrisesfromtheeast.e.g.Hetoldmethatlighttravelsfasterthansound.e.g.Shesaysthemoongoesaroundtheearth.引導(dǎo)詞(that+陳述句)1*that無詞義，口語中可省

e.g.Iknow(that)thegirlisastudent.e.g.She

told

me

(that)

she

would

like

to

go

with

us.e.g.Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp.

引導(dǎo)詞(whether/if+一般疑問句)2*一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時，用whether/if引導(dǎo)，并改為陳述語序（是否）

一般情況下，whether/if在賓語從句中可以互換。Isheastudent?Alicewonders.第一步：IsheastudentHeisastudent.第二步：if/whetherheisastudent.第三步：Alicewondersif/whetherheisastudent.想一想？DidshecomefromAmerica?Iwonder...（為一般疑問句）引導(dǎo)詞

（特殊疑問詞+特殊疑問句）3e.g.

Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.e.g.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyoureadthenewpanel?e.g.Iwonderwhothegirlis.想一想？WhereshouldIgo?Pleasetellme...注意事項（只用whether,不用if）1

①介詞之后

We

are

talking

about

whether

we'll

go

on

the

pinic.

②不定式之前

Hehasn’tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.

③固定搭配

Could

you

tell

me

whether

you

go

or

not?

Ididn’tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinWuhan.*

if作“如果”含義時，

引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，

這時不能用whether。IwilltellhimifIseehim.(√)

IwilltellhimwhetherIseehim.（×）

注意事項

（賓從省略式：特殊疑問詞+不定式）2在賓語從句中，當(dāng)主句和從句的主語相同，從句由疑問詞引導(dǎo)，并且從句中含有情態(tài)動詞時，可以將從句的主語及情態(tài)動詞省略，改為”疑問詞+todo”形式。e.g.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.toe.g.CanyoutellmehowIcanimprovemyEnglish.to

e.g.Thedoctortoldhimwhenheshouldtakethemedicine.to3動詞后面要不要賓語呢？1）Idon’tknowwhattodoit.()

Idon’tknowwhattodo.()

2)Idon’tknowhowtodo.()

Idon’tknowhowtodoit.()注意事項

（賓從省略式：特殊疑問詞+不定式）×√解析：這里不要it,因為what做do的賓語，it在這里多余?！痢探馕觯哼@里要it，因為do是及物動詞后面需要賓語，而how是疑問副詞，不是疑問代詞，它在這里作狀語，不能作賓語。所以這里需要it。注意事項（否定轉(zhuǎn)移）4在think,believe,imagine,suppose,expect，guess等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，如果否定的是后面的從句，要否定前移。e.g.Ithinkheisn’tright.()Idon’tthinkheisright.()e.g.Ibelievehewon’tcometomyparty.()

Idon’tbelievehewillcometomyparty.()×√×√考題練習(xí)11.

I

don't

know

_________

he

will

come

tomorrow.

_________

he

comes,

I'll

tell

you．

A.

if;

Whether

B.

whether;

Whether

C.

if;

That

D.

if;

If2.

I

don't

know

_________

the

day

after

tomorrow.

A.

when

does

he

come

B.

how

will

he

come

C.

if

he

comes

D.

whether

he'll

come

3.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted考題練習(xí)24.Hewantedtoknow

theEnglishparty.A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhaveC.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave5.—Mum,canyoutellme_____?Idreamedofhimlastnight.—Nextweek.A.whenmydadcomesbackB.wheremydadgoesC.whenmydadwill