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高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之:強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法

強(qiáng)調(diào)句常用來(lái)突出說(shuō)話(huà)人要強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)言信息,給對(duì)方以強(qiáng)烈的印象和感受。譯成

漢語(yǔ)時(shí),常加上“正是…”等字眼。

其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:It+be的適當(dāng)形式+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that(who)+其他成分

Heboughtthebookinthisshopyesterday.

—*Itwashethatboughtthebookinthisshopyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)he)

—>Itwasthebookthatheboughtinthisshopyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)thebook)

—Itwasinthisshopthatheboughtthebookyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)inthisshop)

【注意】

1.在該強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中,It無(wú)任何意義但不可以換成由is或者that等。

Itis(was)...that(who)…為結(jié)構(gòu)詞,假如去掉,剩下部分在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和句子含義

上均完整,這一點(diǎn)正是它和定語(yǔ)從句等的本質(zhì)區(qū)別。

2.關(guān)于that與who:

當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí),可以用who(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的人作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí))或者whom

(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的人作賓語(yǔ)時(shí))代替that;

當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指物時(shí)通常用that;當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物,用that不用

who

Itwasthethingsandpeoplethattheyrememberedthattheyweretalkingabout.

當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是代詞時(shí),用who不用that。

當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不能用when/where/why代that(尤其是當(dāng)這

些狀語(yǔ)為介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí))。

1)ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheir

beauty.

A.untilB.thatC.whenD.so

2)ItwasinQingdaoIsawtheseaforthefirsttime.

A.whatB.thatC.whenD.which

3)Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.

A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that

如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分有同位語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ)也應(yīng)提前。

Itwasfromhim,hischemistryteacher,thatPaullearnedtowatchcarefullyinclass.

3.關(guān)于be的適當(dāng)形式:

在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中,無(wú)論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人還是物,單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),be動(dòng)詞一律用單數(shù)

is/was形式。

①如果原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在范疇(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成/現(xiàn)

在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來(lái)完成時(shí)等),就用is。

Itistheabilitytodothejobmattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.

A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it

②如果原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去范疇(一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等),就用waso例如:

Itwasbetween1989and1999greatchangestookplaceinourhometown.

A.whenB.thatC.whichD.because

③也可以根據(jù)需要用Itmay/might/mustbe...that/who...;Itmusthavebeen...

that/who...如

ItmightbeSallythatyouarethinkingof.

Itmightbeinthemorningthathebrokeintothehouse.

Itmightbehisfatherthatyouarelookingfor.

ItmustbeJohnthat/whowilltakepartinthecontestonbehalfourclass.

Itmusthavebeenhertwinsisterthatyousaw.

ItPeterwhohasletthissecretoutbecauseIonlytoldhimthenews.

A.canbeB.shouldbeC.mightbeD.mustbe

Itmusthavebeenhisbrotherthatyoumet.

4.關(guān)于被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,能夠被強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子成分通常為主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)

(名詞、代詞)、狀語(yǔ)(介詞短語(yǔ)、時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句或者because引導(dǎo)原因

狀語(yǔ)從句)等,但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(形容詞或名詞充當(dāng))、although

引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、for、since,as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句、if條件狀語(yǔ)等。如:

強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。

例1.Itisthesepoisonousproductscancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchas

headacheandachingmuscles.(NMET03)

A.whoB.thatC.howD.what

例2.Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguagesattracted

theaudience'sinterest.(上海2000春)

A.sothatB.thatC.whatD.inwhich

強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)從句howtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguageso

例J3.Itwastheabilitytodothejobmattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhat

youare.(NMET2000)

A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it

強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)

Itwasatthegateofourschoolthatwegavethevisitorsawarmwelcome.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)

狀語(yǔ))

Itwaswithgreatjoythathereceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldsoon

returnhome.(強(qiáng)調(diào)程度狀語(yǔ))

ItisbybusthatMaryusuallygoestoschool.(強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語(yǔ))

ItwasthreeyearsagothatIcametothisschool.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

Itiswhenhegotbackthatheknewwhathadhappened.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

Itwasbecausehelovedmymoneythathemarriedme.(強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ))

注意:a.強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí),要用that,不能用when,where,why

或how。如:

Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.

(NMET97)

A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when

ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.

(NMET'98)

A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.(2003上海春季)

A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that

Itwaswheretherehadbeenatheatretheybuiltanewmodernschool.

A.whereB.inwhichC.thatD.so

b.使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),有必要將其與下列句型區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。比較下面

的句子:

1)Itwasintheeveningthatthesoldiersarrivedatthesmallmountainvillage.(強(qiáng)調(diào)

句型)

Itwaseveningwhenthesoldiersarrivedatthesmallmountainvillage,(when弓|導(dǎo)時(shí)

間狀語(yǔ)從句,it表示時(shí)間)

2)Itwasat3o'clockthattheycameback.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)

Itwas3o'clockwhentheycameback,(when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,it表示時(shí)間)

3)Itisforthreehoursthattheyhavebeenback.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)

Itwasthreehoursbeforetheycameback,(before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,it表示時(shí)間)

Itisthreehourssincetheycameback,(since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,it表示時(shí)間)

再如:Itwasrainingwhentheycameback.

ItistruethatheoncewenttoCanada.

ItisasurprisethatMaryshouldhavewonthefirstprize.

強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語(yǔ):強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí),①應(yīng)特別注意能引起誤解的干擾

選項(xiàng)。②表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí),應(yīng)注意與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。

1.ItwasthroughJackMarygottoknowBob.

A.whoB.whomC.howD.that

2.Itwasgreatcarethattheydidthejob.

A.forB.aboutC.withD.in

3.ItwasonOctober1st1949newChinawasfounded.

A.whichB.whenC.asD.that

4.Wasitinthispalacethelastemperordied?

A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which

5.ItwastheschoolgateImetanoldfriendofmineafterclass.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

鏈接高考:

例1.Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwas

made.(NMET97)

A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when

例2.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired___herealizeditwasnotso

important.(遼寧06)

A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as

例3.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheir

beauty.(NMET98)

A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

例4.Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.(上海

03春)

A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that

彳列5.Itwaswheretherehadbeenatheatretheybuiltanewmodernschool.

A.whereB.inwhichC.thatD.so

例6.Itwasonlywiththehelpofthelocalpeople___.(上海春04)

A.wasthemountainclimberrescued

B.thatthemountainclimberwasrescued

C.whenthemountainclimberwasrescued

D.thenmountainclimberwasrescued

例7.ItwasinthebookstoreImetyourbrothertheotherday.(上海90)

A.whereB.thatC.nwhichD.inthat

例8.ItwasnotshetookoffherdarkglassesIrealizedshewasafamous

filmstar.(NMET92)

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

特別提示:對(duì)“not...until...”結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào),要用“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”這一固定

句型。由于否定已經(jīng)前移,that后只能用肯定形式。同時(shí)要注意不能使用倒裝語(yǔ)

序.

例9.Itwasbackhomeaftertheexperiment.(湖口匕04)

A.notuntilmidnightdidhego

B.untilmidnightthathedidn'tgo

C.notuntilmidnightthathewent

D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgo

5.關(guān)于主謂一致:在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是原句型的主語(yǔ)時(shí),其形式必須

與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致。

Itisyourfatherthatiswrongthistime.

ItisheandhisparentsthathavecometoChina.

6.人稱(chēng)對(duì)照:在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,如強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)且其為人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí),應(yīng)注意其形

式仍用主格或賓格形式。

Itistheywhowillattendthemedicalconference.

ItwasherthatIsawinthestreetjustnow.

【誤】ItisIwho/thatisgoingtobesenttheretohelpthem.

【正】ItisIwho/thatamgoingtobesenttheretohelpthem.

【誤】Itwasherthattoldmeaboutit.

[IE]Itwasshethattoldmeaboutit.

【誤】ItisIwhotheteacherhaspunished.

【正】Itismewhomtheteacherhaspunished.

二、特殊形式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)

1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的否定、疑問(wèn)句形式以及感嘆句形式。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的否定形式、一般疑問(wèn)句形式、特殊疑問(wèn)句形式、感嘆句形式以及反意

疑問(wèn)句形式:

①否定形式:ItwasnotinEnglandthatOlympicCompetitionsfirststarted.

②一般疑問(wèn)句形式:Was/Isit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他成分?

Isthegirlinredwhoisyoursister?

例1.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied?(MET88)

A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then

例2.WasthatIsawlastnightattheconcert?(上海97)

A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyourself

例3.---Wasn'titDr.Wangwhospoketoyoujustnow?

—.(上海96)

A.Ididn'tknowhewasB.Yes,itwas

C.No,hewasn'tD.Yes,hedid

解析:此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句的否定形式。其回答有兩種可能:“Yes,itwas”

或“No,itwasn't",故選B.

③特殊疑問(wèn)句形式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was/Isit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他成分?

Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?

Whowasitthattoldyouthenews?

WhenwasitthathefirstcametoChina?

Wherewasitthatyoumether?

Howwasitthathesolvedtheproblem?

事實(shí)上,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句就是就陳述句中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)變化而來(lái)

的。也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問(wèn)詞。當(dāng)含有特殊疑問(wèn)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用在賓語(yǔ)從句中的

時(shí)候,句型應(yīng)改為'特殊疑問(wèn)詞+itwas(is)that+陳述句”,即采用陳述句語(yǔ)序。

(1)—wherewasittheroadaccidenthappenedyesterday?

一Infrontofthemarket.

A.whenB.thatC.whichD.how

(2)Ireallydon'tknowyoureturnedthebooktome.

A.whenitwasthatB.whenwasit

C.whenwasitthatD.whenitwas

1.electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife?

A.WhywasitthatB.Whyisitthat

C.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat

2.Whowasitwantedtoseemejustnow?

A.thatB.whoC.whenD.when

3.youmettheforeignerfromCanada?

A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat

C.WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat

強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞時(shí),該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問(wèn)句句型相同,

即:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句”

例1.Why!Ihavenothingtoconfessyouwantmetosay?(上海04)

A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat

解析:此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)語(yǔ)序的排列。What引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并且在

賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)say的賓語(yǔ)。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是

whato故選A

仞(]2.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn'tmatterIam

makingto(廣東04)

AwhoisitBwhoitisCitiswhoDitiswhom

解析:.who引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,并在主語(yǔ)從句中作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)(應(yīng)用賓格whom,

但在通常情況下,也可以用who代替whom)。并月.,whoitis(that)Iammaking

t。(此處省略了that)為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分

是whoo故選B

④感嘆句形式:What/How加上感嘆部分+itwas/is+that+其他成分!

Whatawonderfultimeitwasthatwehadattheparty!

HowgoodastudentitisthatIhave!

⑤反意疑問(wèn)句形式:強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問(wèn)句,后半部分的附加疑問(wèn)句部分的主語(yǔ)

和謂語(yǔ)以及時(shí)態(tài)要與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型本身保持一致。

ItwasatelevenlastnightthatIknewthegoodnews,wasn'tit?

Itwaswhereyoucomethatyoushouldreturnto,isn'tit?

⑥強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的回答也應(yīng)該使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。

Wasityouthattoldhimaboutit?--Yes,itwas.

⑦強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的從句:

1.Wasitattheschoolwhichwasnamedafteraherothathespenthischildhood?

2.Itwasintheshopwhichwasopenedlastmonththatheboughtthebook.

3.Itwasthegirlwhosefatherworkedabroadthatlentmethebook.

4.Wasitin1982whenyouwereincollegethatyougottoknowher?

5.1can*tquiterememberyoustarteddoingthework.

A.thatitwaswhenB.whenitwasthatC.whenwasitthatD.that

wasitwhen

6.Shewantstoknowifitis600milesanhourthenewestplanecango.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich

7.Wasithewasseriouslyillthathedidn*tcometoschoolyesterday?

A.althoughB.thatC.becauseD.since

8.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheir

beauty.

A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

9.hecamebackhomethatweknewwhathadhappened.

A.WhenitwasB.Itwaswhen

C.WasitwhenD.Whenwasit

10.Itwasthetraininghehadasayoungmanmadehimsuchagood

engineer.

A.what;thatB.that;whatC.that;whichD.which:that

11.Itwashesaiddisappointedmeatthattime.

A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what

2.固定句型:

①not...until句型變?yōu)閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí),如要強(qiáng)調(diào)until從句時(shí),耍把not放到until

前,一起強(qiáng)調(diào),主句由否定句改為肯定句。其基本形式為Itis(was)notuntil+時(shí)

間狀語(yǔ)(短語(yǔ)或者從句)…that…。比較:。

1.Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastbegan.

A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since

2.Hedidn'tcomeuntilsixo'clock.—Itwasnotuntilsixo'clockthathecame.

3.Theydidn'tstartuntiltherainstopped.—Itwasnotuntiltherainstoppedthatthey

started.

4.Itwasnotuntillateintheeveningherhusbandarrivedhome.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how

5.Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.since

6.ItwasnotshetookoffherdarkglassesIrealizedshewasafamous

filmstar.

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

注意nnot...until0句型的變化。比較下列三個(gè)句子:

Shedidn'trememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntilshehadarrivedhome.

Itwasnotuntilshehadarrivedhomethatsherememberedherappointmentwiththe

doctor.

Notuntilshehadarrivedhomedidsherememberherappointmentwiththedoctor.

鏈接高考:

[1992]Itwasnot____shetookoffherdarkglassesIrealizedshewasafamous

filmstar.

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

[1995]Itwasnotuntil1920regularbroadcastsbegan.

A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since

[2005]Itwasn'tuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanager'sreply.

A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that

②Itwasbecause-clause(becauseof+名詞)+that…

Itwasbecauseofhiscarelessness(becausehewascareless)thathelosthisjob.

③Itwas+介詞+時(shí)間名詞++that…

Itwasat7:00a.m.thattheplanetookoff.

三、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句以及與主語(yǔ)從句等的辨析

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型極易與定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句、狀語(yǔ)從句等相關(guān)句型混淆.

引起定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that或者who,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),不可以

去掉;that或者who引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),that無(wú)任何含義也不充當(dāng)任何成分但也不

可以省略,who引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并且在主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)也不可以省略。并且,

that或者who引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常置于句后,而在主語(yǔ)位置使用形式主語(yǔ)It。而

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的Itis(was)…that(who)…為結(jié)構(gòu)詞,假如去掉,剩下部分在語(yǔ)法結(jié)

構(gòu)和句子含義上均完整。這一點(diǎn)正是區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語(yǔ)從句以及主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)

鍵所在。

與定語(yǔ)從句的辨析

ItwasinthelabthatwassetupbyMr.Smiththattheyfinishedtheexperiment.(劃

線(xiàn)部分為定語(yǔ)從句)

ItwashewhocamefromHunanthatwonthefirstprizeinthecontest.

(劃線(xiàn)部分為定語(yǔ)從句)

WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied?

A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then

B.與名詞性從句的辨析

Itistruethatheoncewasateacher.(劃線(xiàn)部分為主語(yǔ)從句)

Itwashesaiddisappointedme.

A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what

(What引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句)

C.與狀語(yǔ)從句的辨析

Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwas

made.

A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when

D.與therebe句型的辨析

isnopossibilityBobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.

A.There;thatB.It;thatC.There;whetherD.It;whetherA

本題為therebe句型,而非強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。that引導(dǎo)的為同位語(yǔ)從句,作possibility的

同位語(yǔ)。

四、錯(cuò)誤判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句的兩種情況

1.將非強(qiáng)調(diào)句判為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

易混句型1:Itbe+段時(shí)間+since…“自從……以來(lái)”

該句型中的be動(dòng)詞通常為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),since引導(dǎo)的從句通常

是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

例.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It'syearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.(安

徽05)

A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since

易混句型2:Itbe+點(diǎn)時(shí)間+when"當(dāng)....的時(shí)候,是...."

該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)沒(méi)有明確限制,

點(diǎn)時(shí)間前不加介詞。

例.一DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?

—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto'clockhearrivedhome.(福建05)

A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until

Itwasteno'clockhecameback.

A.thatB.whenC.soD.which

易混句型3:Itbe+段時(shí)間+before...“多久之后才……”、"不久……就……”該句

型主句中be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài).主句中的表語(yǔ)多是

long,notlong,days,weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。

例.---HowlongdoyouthinkitwillbeChinasendsamannedspaceship

tothemoon?

---Perhapstwoorthreeyears.(06福建)

A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before

比較:

Itwasatteno'clockthathecameback.他是10點(diǎn)鐘回來(lái)的。

Itwasafterteno'clockthathecameback,他是在10點(diǎn)過(guò)后回來(lái)的。

Itwasbeforeteno'clockthathecameback.他是在10點(diǎn)前回來(lái)的。

再比較:

Itisautumnwhenleavesfall.當(dāng)樹(shù)葉落的時(shí)候就是秋天了。

Itisinautumnthatleavesfall.樹(shù)在秋天落葉。

很明顯,地點(diǎn)名詞或者時(shí)間名詞如果不是在句子中作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),一般不可以

被強(qiáng)調(diào)。更多的是作介詞賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成狀語(yǔ)時(shí)才經(jīng)常被強(qiáng)調(diào)。

2.將強(qiáng)調(diào)句判為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句。有些強(qiáng)調(diào)句型由于句子本身有一定的特殊性,比如

是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或復(fù)雜時(shí)態(tài)等,強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的被強(qiáng)

調(diào)成分過(guò)于復(fù)雜,強(qiáng)調(diào)句與其他從句混雜在一起,等等,這都可能掩蓋強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

的本來(lái)面目,從而導(dǎo)致誤判。如:

(1)WhenwasthatthegeneralmanagerleftforJapan?

A.heB.itC.thatD.since

答案選B,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式。

(2)ItmighthavebeenJohnboughtapresentforMaryyesterday.

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which

答案選A,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,只是其中的動(dòng)詞be采用了mighthavebeen這一復(fù)雜結(jié)

構(gòu)。

(3)Itwaswhathemeantratherthanwhathesaidannoyedme.

A.whichB.asC.whatD.that

答案選D,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為whathemeantratherthanwhathesaid,句

意為“讓我生氣的不是他說(shuō)的話(huà),而是他話(huà)中的意思

(4)Itwasjustintheroomhewasbornhedied.

A.where,whichB.that,thatC.where,thatD.which,that

答案選C,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是inthisroom,wherehewasborn為修飾the

room的定語(yǔ)從句。

(5)Itwaslackofmoney,notofeffort,defeatedtheirplan.

A.whichB.asC.thatD.what

答案選C,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為lackofmoney,notofefforto

五、【經(jīng)典例題】

(三)ItwastheschoolgateImetanoldfriendofmineafterclass.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

【例題簡(jiǎn)析】答案C,此句是where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,where一方面引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從

句,同時(shí)又在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型最容易與定語(yǔ)從句一起考查,應(yīng)是學(xué)

習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。一般說(shuō)來(lái),如果把句中的Itis/was…that去掉,稍加調(diào)整語(yǔ)

序,能還原成完整句子,并且句子意思依然完整,則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型;否則,應(yīng)為其

他從句o試比較ItwasasmallhousethatIusedtolivein.(定語(yǔ)從句)Itwasatthe

schoolgatethatImetanoldfriendofmine.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)

(五)Itwas_itwasrainingsohardthatwehadtostayathomeallday.

A.sinceB.forC.asD.because

【例題簡(jiǎn)析】答案D,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可強(qiáng)調(diào)多種句子成分,如主語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等,

也可以是從句。但不能用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))、讓步狀語(yǔ),除此

之外的其他句子成分基本都能被強(qiáng)調(diào)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型只可以強(qiáng)調(diào)由because引導(dǎo)的原

因狀語(yǔ)從句,但不能對(duì)for,as,since,though等引導(dǎo)的句子進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào),例如:

ItwasintheparkthatImetmyoldteacheryesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀i吾)

ItwasyesterdaythatImetmyoldteacherinthepark.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

ItwasmyoldteacherthatImetintheparkyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))

ItwasIwhometmyoldteacherintheparkyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))

[強(qiáng)化練習(xí)]

1.Itwashesaidandsomethinghediddisappointedmeatthat

time.

A.what;that;thatB.that;what;thatC.what;what;thatD.what;that;

what

2.1can*tquiterememberIwastakentoBeijing.

A.thatitwaswhenB.whenitwasthatC.whenwasitthatD.thatwasitwhen

3.Wasithewasseriouslyillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.

A.althoughB.thatC.becauseD.since

4.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheir

beauty.

A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

5.hecamebackhomethatweknewwhathadhappened.

A.WhenitwasB.ItwaswhenC.WasitwhenD.Whenwasit

【練習(xí)答案】1.A2.C3.B4.B

(六)Itwasabout600yearsago___thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwas

made.(NMET'97)

A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when

【例題簡(jiǎn)析】答案A,在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,一般用that連接,如強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人作主

語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),可用who/whom/that,其他一律用that,不能用which,where,when等,

即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是物、時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。如:Itwasatthegatethatwemetthe

inspectorsthismorning.

Itwaslastnightthatweheldameeting.

(七)Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastbegan.(NMET95)

A.WhileB.whichC.thatD.since

【例題簡(jiǎn)析】答案C,until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,也可以用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,但主

要是其否定形式,如用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,必須將not前移,寫(xiě)成Itis/wasnotuntil…

that....如:Itwasnotuntiltheclassbeganthathecamein.Itwasnotuntillast

Fridaythathefinishedreadingthebook.

【強(qiáng)化練習(xí)】

1.Itwasnotuntillateintheeveningherhusbandarrivedhome.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how

2.Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.since

3.ItwasnotshetookoffherdarkglassesIrealizedshewasafamous

filmstar.

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

【練習(xí)答案】l.C2.C3.B

(八)WasthatIsawlastnightattheconcert?(上海97年高考題)

A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyourself

【例題簡(jiǎn)析】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型也有疑問(wèn)句形式,一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式,只需將is/was

提前,移至句首即可,B[J:Is/Wasit...that...o

特殊疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式,須將陳述句變成一般疑問(wèn)句,再在句首加上疑問(wèn)詞,即:

疑問(wèn)詞(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其余部分。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反義疑問(wèn)句后半部分的附加疑問(wèn)句,應(yīng)該與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型本身保持時(shí)態(tài)和

主謂一致。如:

Wasitlastyearthatthebuildingwascompleted?

WherewasitthatyoumetyourEnglishteacher?

Itwasthedaybeforeyesterdaythatyoulostthemoney,wasn'tit?

六、高考題中的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu):.

1.___isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,more

prosperouseconomy.【06浙江04]

A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It

2.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.[05天津09]

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this

3.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired__herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.106

遼寧35】

A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as

4.Itwasn'tuntilnearlyamonthlater__Ireceivedthemanger'sreply.【05全國(guó)130]

A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that

5.Itwasnotuntilshegothome__Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.106全國(guó)

1109]

A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before

6.一thathemanagedtogettheinformation?[05山東31】

一Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.

A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit

7.1justwonder_thatmakeshimsoexcited.[06山東321

A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis

七、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型分類(lèi)練習(xí)

(一)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)部分必須是對(duì)that/who之后句子的某一成分表示強(qiáng)調(diào),

如果把"Itis(was)...that”去掉,該句應(yīng)該意思完整,不缺任何句子成分:

1.Isitwhowantstoseeyou.

A.himB.heC.hisD.himself

2.Itwaswhorespectedalltheirteachers.

A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselves

3.—WhatisMary

---Wasitthatyouwerereferredto

A.heB.sheC.herD.they

4.ItMikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.

A.wasB.areC.wereD.hadbeen

5.ItatChristmasthatJohnSmithgaveMaryahandbag.

A.musthaveB.willbeC.mighthavebeenD.mayhavehad

6.-Wasthatnewschoolmasterwhowalkedby

A.ItmustbethatB.Itmusthavebeen

C.HemustbeD.Thismusthavebeen

【題解】強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是人稱(chēng)代詞,應(yīng)根據(jù)句子需要選擇它的主格或賓格形式:如

第L2.3.小題.注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與整個(gè)句子語(yǔ)境的一致性:如第4.5.6.小

題.

(二)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問(wèn)詞時(shí):

7.electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife

A.WhywasitthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat

8.Whowasitwantedtoseemejustnow

A.thatB.whoC.whenD.when

9.youmettheforeignerfromCanada

A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat

C.WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat

【題解】強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞時(shí),該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問(wèn)句句

型相同,即:“疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句”

(三)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為Mnot...until"句型:

10.Itwasnotuntillateintheeveningherhusbandarrivedhome.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how

11.Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.since

12.ItwasnotshetookoffherdarkglassesIrealizedshewasafamous

filmstar.

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

【題解】注意*,not...untiln句型的變化.比較下列三個(gè)句子:

Shedidn'trememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntilshehadarrivedhome.

Itwasnotuntilshehadarnvedhomethatsherememberedherappointmentwiththe

doctor.

Notuntilshehadarrivedhomedidsherememberherappointmentwiththedoctor.

(四)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有從句:

13.1can'tquiterememberyoustarteddoingthework.

A.thatitwaswhenB.whenitwasthatC.whenwasitthatD.thatwasitwhen

14.Shewantstoknowifitis600milesanhourthenewestplanecango.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich

15.Wasithewasseriouslyillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.

A.althoughB.thatC.becauseD.since

16.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheir

beauty.

A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

17.hecamebackhomethatweknewwhathadhappened.

A.WhenitwasB.ItwaswhenC.WasitwhenD.Whenwasit

18.Itwasthetraininghehadasayoungmanmadehimsuchagood

engineer.

A.what;thatB.that;whatC.that;whichD.which:that

19.Itwashesaiddisappointedmeatthattime.

A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what

【題解】當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為從句或含從句的短語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)首先確定它在句子中的作用.第

13.14.小題為賓語(yǔ)從句;第15.16.17.小題為狀語(yǔ)從句,此時(shí)不能對(duì)for,as,since,

although引導(dǎo)的從句表示強(qiáng)調(diào);第18.小題的強(qiáng)調(diào)部分又被一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)

的定語(yǔ)從句修飾;第19.小題的強(qiáng)調(diào)部分則為what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句.

(五)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語(yǔ):

20.ItwasthroughJackMarygottoknowBob.

A.whoB.whomC.howD.that

21.Itwasgreatcarethattheydidthejob.A.forB.aboutC.withD.in

22.ItwasonOctober1st1949newChinawasfounded.

A.whichB.whenC.asD.that

23.Wasitinthispalacethelastemperordied

A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which

24.ItwastheschoolgateImetanoldfriendofmineafterclass.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

【題解】強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí),①應(yīng)特別注意能引起誤解的干擾選項(xiàng),如第20

小題;②表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí),應(yīng)注意與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別,如第24小題.

八、?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型典型陷阱題分析?

1.thatcausedhimtoservedinneranhourlaterthanusual.

A.ItwaswebeinglateB.Itwasourbeinglate

C.ItwasweweretoolateD.Itwasbecausewewerelate

【陷阱】此題容易誤選D,認(rèn)為強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句becausewewerelateo

【分析】但實(shí)際上,此題的答案為B,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子主語(yǔ)ourbeinglate,此題若

還原成非強(qiáng)調(diào)句,即為:

Ourbeinglatecausedhimtoservedinneranhourlaterthanusual.

2.“Howwastheydiscoveredtheentrancetotheundergroundpalace?^^

___"Totallybychance/9

A.itthatB.hethatC.itwhenD.hewhich

【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均可能誤選。

【分析】答案選A,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式,其相應(yīng)的陳述句形式為:

Itwastotallybychancethattheydiscoveredtheentrancetotheundergroundpalace.

比較以下各題,它們也屬?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式:

(1)Whowasitsavedthedrowninggirl?

A.sinceB.asC.thatD.he

答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為who,該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似ItwasTomthatsavedthedrowning

girl.這類(lèi)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式(即對(duì)其中的Tom提問(wèn)而得)。

(2)Whatisithisdaughterneedsmost?

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.if

答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為what,該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似Itisabikethathisdaughterneeds

most.這類(lèi)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式(即對(duì)其中的abike提問(wèn)而得)。

3.wasverythatlittleJimwrotetheletter.

A.It,carefulB.It,carefullyC.He,carefulD.He,carefully

【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選,但最有可能誤選的可能是A,認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)

普通的系表結(jié)構(gòu),即認(rèn)為第二空要填形容詞作表語(yǔ)。

【分析】其實(shí),此題是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,其非強(qiáng)調(diào)形式為L(zhǎng)ittleJimwrotethelettervery

carefully.若用itis...that...的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式強(qiáng)調(diào)其中的狀語(yǔ)verycarefully即為上

面一題的題干,所以答案應(yīng)選B。請(qǐng)看下面幾例,也屬?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu):

(1)Itwaswhenshewasabouttogotobedthetelephonerang.

A.sinceB.asC.thatD.then

答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為whenshewasabouttogotobed這一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

(2)ItmayhavebeenatChristmasJohngaveMaryahandbag.

A.beforeB.whoC.thatD.when

答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為atChristmas,其中的動(dòng)詞be采用了mayhavebeen這

一較為復(fù)雜的形式。

4.uWheredidyoufindtheprofessorwhomadethespeechyesterday?”"Itwasinthe

hallthestudentsoftenhaveameeting.^^

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when

【陷阱】很可能誤選C,認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)inthehall。

[分析]假若選C,即有Itwasinthehallthatthestudentsoftenhaveameeting,

該句的意思是“學(xué)生們通常是在大廳開(kāi)會(huì)”,單獨(dú)看這一句,無(wú)論是其意思還是其

語(yǔ)法均未錯(cuò),但若將其與上文聯(lián)系起來(lái)看,則不通,因?yàn)樯衔牡囊馑际恰澳闶窃?/p>

哪兒找到昨天作報(bào)告的那位教授的?”假若將答句改為ItwasinthehallthatI

fo

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