四川省瀘縣2024-2025學年高二英語上學期10月月考試題含解析

Page262024年秋期高二第一學月考試英語試題本試卷共8頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。留意事項：1.答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息2.請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上第I卷(選擇題95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whycouldn’tthewomanhearthemanclearly?A.Themanwaseating. B.Themanwasintheshower. C.Thewomanhasbadhearing.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,couldyourepeatwhatyousaid?Ididn’thearyouveryclearly.Didyousayyouarecomingoverinanhour?M:No,IsaidIjustgotoutoftheshower.Sorry,Iwasjustchewingonsomething.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanforget?A.Hergloves. B.Herscarf. C.Hercoat.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:It’ssocoldtoday.IrememberedtowearmycoatbutIreallyshouldhaveputonascarf.M:Yes,it’sfreezing,butatleastyouhaveyourgloveswithyou.Idon’thaveapair.Ishouldgetsome.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Getsomepaint. B.Haveacupoftea. C.Paintthehouse.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howabouthavingacupofteabeforewepaintthehouse?I’msotired.M:Well,that’sjustwhatIwasthinking.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】HowdidJohndointheexam?A.Hefailedintheexam. B.Hegotthehighestmark. C.Hedidworsethanlasttime.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:What’stheresultoftheexam?I’msureJohnhasgotthehighestmark,becausehehasbeenstudyinghardthisterm.W:Asamatteroffacthedidn’tpasstheexamthistime.M:Really?Ididn’texpectthat.W:Ididn’teither.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewatchedaplay. B.Hedidsomeshopping. C.Herelaxedathome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyougotothetheaterlastnight?M:Yes,Idid.W:Whatdidyouthinkoftheplay?M:Itwasexcellent.其次節(jié)(共15小題，每小題15分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Motherandson. C.Strangers.7.Whydidbakersputanextrapieceofbreadinabaginthepast?A.Therewasmorespaceinthebag.B.Theywantedtomakethecustomershappy.C.Theywereafraidtobepunishedforgivingtoolittle.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Howmanyeggscomeinadozen?M:Adozenis12.W:Really?Ithoughtitwas13butthinkingaboutitnow,itwouldn’tmakesensefortheboxtohaveanunevennumberofspaces.M:Thereissomethingcalledabaker’sdozen.Alongtimeago,givingasmalleramountofbreadthanapersonpaidforwasillegal.Sothenbakersbegantoputoneextrapieceintheirbagssotheywouldnotbefined.W:Wow!Thatisinteresting!Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutoldbakers?M:Mygrandfatherownedabakery.Hemadebreadallthetime!Itwassodelicious.W:Thatdoessounddelicious.Doyouknowhowtobakebread?M:No,IwishIhadlearnedproperly.Mygrandfathertriedtoshowmeonce,butIwastooyoungtounderstand.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhywasJanelateforschool?A.Shemissedthesubway. B.Shelefthomealittlelate. C.Shegotuplate.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.HeisJane’sclassmate. B.HeisstrictwithJane. C.Hedoesn’tbelieveinJane.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】M:Jane,youwerelateforschooltoday.What’sthematter?W:Sorry,Mr.White.Imissedmybus.M:Whydidyoumissyourbus?W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelaterthanusual.M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?W:No,Ireceivedacallfrommyauntbeforegoingtoschool.I’mreallysorryforbeinglate.M:Ifyou’relateagain,Ican’tletyoupassthisclass.W:Ipromiseitwon’thappenagain.M:Allright.Gobacktoyourseat.Theclassisbeginning.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?A.Thenoise. B.Theweather. C.Thetraffic.11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherlivingconditions?A.Theflatistooold. B.Theflatistoodirty. C.Theflatisovercrowded.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextyear?A.Movetoanewhouse. B.Changeherjob. C.Buyanewcar.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.I’mJohnBrown—I’mareporter.Wouldyoumindansweringafewquestions?W:No,goahead.M:MayIaskyourname,please?W:MynameisAliceCassin.M:Mrs.Cassin,howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?W:Thereare5peopleinmyfamily.M:Andhowlonghaveyoulivedhere?W:Since1990.M:Doyouthinkthenoiseisaprobleminthisarea?W:Yes,ofcourse.Theneighborsmakeallsortsofnoisedayandnight.It’sdrivingmemad.M:Doyouthinkyourlivingconditionsaresatisfying?W:No,definitelynot!Myflatisextremelysmallforfivepeople.It’sovercrowded.M:Doyouplantoimproveyourlivingconditions?W:Ofcourse.Actually,wewillbemovingtothenewhouseatthistimenextyear.M:Congratulations.Thankyouforyourtime.W:You’rewelcome.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】13.HowdoesJohngotoworkonrainydays?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bycar.14.WhatdoesJohnusuallydoonweekends?A.Hebakessomething. B.Helearnscooking. C.Hebuyssweets.15.WhendoesCaroleatout?A.Whenshehasabusydayatwork.B.Whenshedoesn’tknowwhattoeat.C.Whenherhusbandistoobusytocook.16.WhatdoesCarolthinkoftherestaurants?A.Theyarepopular. B.Theyarediverse. C.Theyareexpensive.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Thisisalovelyhouse!John.Thanksforhavingmeover.M:Thankyou,Carol.W:It’sveryclosetowork,isn’tit?M:Yes,itis.Ialwayswalktowork—evenwhenitrains!Thecrowdednessonthebusisadealbreakerforme.W:Iusuallydrivemycar.Ittakessolong!M:Howlongdoesittake?W:Oh,ittakesabout20minutes.M:Thatisalongtime.Well,havesomecake.Iusuallybakesomethingattheweekend.Ilikehavingsweetsinthehouse.W:Thisisdelicious!You’reawonderfulcook!M:Thankyou,it’snothingreally.Doyoucookathome?W:Inevercook.I’mjusthopeless.Myhusband,David,usuallydoesallthecooking.M:Doyouoftengoouttoeat?W:Yes,whenhedoesn’thavetimetocook,wegoouttoeatsomewhere.M:Therearesomewonderfulrestaurantsinthecitythatarenotthatexpensive.W:Yes.Somany!Youcaneatatadifferentrestauranteveryday.Monday—Chinese,Tuesday—Italian,Wednesday—Mexican,onandon...聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17WheredoesThomasManningwork?A.IntheGuinnessCompany.B.Ataradiostation.C.Inamuseum.18.Wheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomefrom?A.Abird-shootingtrip.B.AvisittoEurope.C.Atelevisiontalkshow.19WhendidSirHugh’sfirstbookofrecordsappear?A.In1875. B.In1950. C.In1955.20.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutnext?A.Morerecordsofunusualfacts.B.Thefounderofthecompany.C.Theoldestpersonintheworld.【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ACOVID-19vaccinations(接種)areunderway.AnthonyFauci,directoroftheNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDisease,hassaidthatabout75%to90%ofAmericanswillneedtobevaccinatedtoreachherdimmunity(群體免疫)intheUnitedStates.Publichealthexpertsrecommendedastagedapproachtovaccination.Demandforthevaccineexceededcapacityinthebeginning.Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand;however,publicinterestingettingvaccinatedhasbeenwaning.TheU.S.adoptedthefollowingstagedapproach,butbyMay1,2024,mostofthecountryhadalreadyreachedstage2.Stagelaincludeshealthcarepersonnelandresidentsofnursinghomesandassistedlivingfacilities.StagelavaccinationsbeganinDecember2024.Stage1bincludesfrontlineessentialworkers:policeofficers;foodandagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,andmanufacturingworkers;teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeopleaged65andoldertosignupforthevaccine.SmestatesbeganStage1bvaccinationsduringthesecondfullweekofJanuary2024.Stage1cincludespeopleaged65.to74andpeopleaged16to64whohavepotentialhealthconditionsthatincreasetheriskofCOVIDcomplications.Essentialworkersofanyageinthetransportation,logistics,foodservice,construction,communications,informationtechnology,energy,law,media,publicsafety,andpublichealthsectorsarealsoinStagelc.ManystateswereabletovaccinateStagelcinMarchandApril.Stage2includesallotherpeopleaged16andolder.ACOVID-19vaccineisnowauthorizedforteensaged12andolder.Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact415-578-7342.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waning”inparagraph1mean?A.Increasing. B.Decreasing. C.Changing. D.Improving.22.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ManystatesoftheU.S.areabletoreachstagelcbeforeJanuary,2024.B.TheU.S.planstovaccinateallpeopleaged12andolderattheendofthetwostages.C.Toreachherdimmunity,morethan90%ofAmericanswillneedtobevaccinated.D.Instage1bamanaged66cangetvaccinatedinsomestatesofAmerica.23.Whereisthetextprobablytaken?A.Anannouncement. B.Abiologytextbook.C.Anewsreport. D.Amedicaljournal.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，主要講的是美國分階段接種新冠疫苗的相關信息?！?1題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據第一段的“Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand(疫苗制造商增加生產以滿意需求)”及后面的however表轉折可知，疫苗制造商增加生產以滿意需求；然而，公眾對接種疫苗的愛好正在減弱。由此推知，劃線詞waning的意思是“削減”，即Decreasing。故選B?！?2題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段的“Stage1bincludesfrontlineessentialworkers:policeofficers;foodandagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,andmanufacturingworkers;teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeopleaged65andoldertosignupforthevaccine.(第1b階段包括前線的重要工作人員：警務人員；食品和農業(yè)、郵政、日托、雜貨店、公共交通和制造業(yè)工人；老師；以及75歲以上的人。一些州允許65歲及以上的人注冊接種疫苗)”可知，在1b階段，在美國的一些州，66歲的男子可以接種疫苗。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據最終一段的“Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact415-578-7342.(有關疫苗注射的更多信息，請聯(lián)系415-578-7342)”可知，主要講的是美國分階段接種新冠疫苗的相關信息。由此推知，本文來自于一份公告。故選A。BWhoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let’sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It’ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性別)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn’ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here’sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors’standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They’reunfair. B.They’reconservative.C.They’reobjective. D.They’restrict.25.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs26.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors’concepts.D.Changesinpeople’ssocialpositions.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇爭論文。文章由問題“誰是天才?”引入，論述了世人對天才的狹隘定義，提出事實上“天才”有很多種形式，不要讓思維限制了我們的“天才”實力?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據第三段的“Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.(據說歷史是由成功者書寫的，而那些成功者為進入天才俱樂部設定了標準。當俱樂部以外的天才——女性或不同膚色或信仰的人——做出貢獻時，他們不會被承認并且被其他人拒絕。)”可知，作者認為那些“成功者”對進“天才俱樂部”設置的標準是不公允的，因為女性或者不同膚色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承認的。故選A。【25題詳解】推理推斷題。依據第四段的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.(更糟糕的是，探討發(fā)覺女孩們是依據這個信念行事的。六歲左右，她們起先避開那些據說是“特別特別聰慧”的孩子參與的活動。)”可推知，女孩簡潔受到社會信仰的影響，認為自己不適合做“聰慧孩子”做的事情。故選D?！?6題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據最終一段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.(在一個擁有持續(xù)的全球溝通的聯(lián)網的世界里，我們隨時隨地都能看到天才的出現。)”可知，進步的全球通訊讓更多的天才被公眾所知道。故選A。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。依據文章的主要內容，結合文章第一段提出問題“Whoisagenius?(誰是天才)”和最終一段的“Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangetheworld.(我們看得越多，就越會發(fā)覺，像性別、種族和階級這樣的社會因素并不能確定天才的外表。正如一位作家所說，將來的天才來自那些具有“才智、創(chuàng)建力、毅力和那些能夠變更世界的簡潔天才。)”可知，天才不確定是那些有巨大貢獻的人，他們也可以是某一方面比較突出的一般人。由此可知B項“天才有多種形式”可以作為本文最佳標題。故選B。CReflecting(回憶)onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthatcan’tbereversed(推翻)andbeingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive.ButthereareafewthingsinlifeI’dprobablydodifferentlyifIhadthechance.Ioncemajoredinarchitecture—somethingIhadbeencrazyaboutforaslongasIcouldremember—andthenIsuddenlyhadachangeofheart.Imadeanappointmentwithmyadviser,andtoldhimIwasnolongercertainIwantedtopursueacareerinarchitecture.“Don’tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!”“He’sright,”Ithought.“IshouldjuststickitoutandIshouldn’tdisappointthelittlegirlwhooncelovedarchitecture.”Itwasawful.Iwasagonized,holdingontoachildhooddreamthathadlongsincefaded.WhenItalkedwithafriendaboutitayearlater,heasked:“Rightnow,whatdoyouwanttodowithyourlife?”That’swhenIcametotherealizationthatdreamschangeovertimeandthatyoushouldgiveupthechildhooddreamifit’snotwhatyouwantasanadult.Luckily,itwasn’ttoolate.Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism.Itwasn’tsomethingIhadalwaysimaginedmyselfpursuing—butatthatmoment,itwaswhatIwanted.Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange—andthat’sperfectlyOK.Youjustneedtoaskyourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Iftheanswerisno,moveonandstartchasinganewone.28.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestinParagraph1?A.Pastactionsshouldbetreasured.B.It’sunwisetoregretallthetime.C.Lifewouldbedullwithout“Whatif?”D.Wemakebetterdecisionsbylookingback.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“agonized”inParagraph4mean?A.Proud B.Determined C.Unregretful D.Painful30.Whydidn’ttheauthorchangehermajorimmediately?A.ChangingamajorwasuncommonB.HeradvisorforcedhernottodothatC.Shethoughtitabetrayal(背叛)ofheryoungerselfD.Shedidn’twantherchildhooddreamtofade.31.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A.Don’tfollowothers’careeradviceB.It’sOKtoswitchtoourreallove.C.ImproveusbeforerealizingourdreamD.Childhooddreamsarehardtoinsiston【答案】28.B29.D30.C31.B【解析】【導語】本文是夾敘夾議文。本文講解并描述懊悔是沒有什么用的，假如這樣的生活或專業(yè)不是你所想要的，大膽選擇你愛的?！?8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據第一段提到“Reflecting(回憶)onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthatcan’tbereversed(推翻)andbeingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive(反思過去那些無法逆轉的確定或行為，并滿腦子都是“假如……會怎么樣?”這不是生活的方式。)”可知，作者認為總是懊悔是不明智的，故選B項。【29題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據第四段提到的“Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism(經過一番細致的思索，我改學新聞專業(yè)了。)”可知，經過慎重的思索我變更的專業(yè)，可知我現在很苦痛，劃線詞與D項意思相近。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據第三段“Don’tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!”“He’sright,”Ithought.“IshouldjuststickitoutandIshouldn’tdisappointthelittlegirlwhooncelovedarchitecture(“不要放棄你童年的幻想!”“他說得對，”我想?！拔覒攬猿窒氯?，我不應當讓曾經酷愛建筑的小女孩悲觀?！?”可知,作者在聽了導師的話之后覺得他(導師)是對的,她應當堅持下去,不應當讓那個曾經酷愛建筑學的小女孩悲觀。故可推斷出,作者不寵愛學習建筑學卻不立即換專業(yè)的緣由是她認為換專業(yè)就是放棄了童年的幻想,背叛了童年時的自己，故選C項。【31題詳解】推理推斷題。依據最終一段提到“Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange—andthat’sperfectlyOK.Youjustneedtoaskyourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Iftheanswerisno,moveonandstartchasinganewone.(我們長大了，有時我們的幻想會變更——這完全沒問題。你只須要時時常問問自己，“這還是我想要的嗎?”假如答案是否定的，那就接著前進，起先追求新的目標。)”可知，最終一段說到我們在成長,有時我們的幻想也會變更,那完全正常。你只須要間或問問自己“這還是我想要的嗎?”,假如答案是否定的,那么我們就應當放手并起先追尋我們真正的愛，故選B項。DLifeintheClearTransparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthroughawindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3300feetasfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheirlifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey’reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseatingthem.”Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?Itstrickierthanyoumightthink.Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravelsinastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter(散射)light,bouncingitawayfromitsoriginalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorptionmakeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.Butatransparentobjectdoesn’tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn’tlookverydifferentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon’tseeityouseethethingsbehindit.Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments(色素)thatabsorbspecificcolorsoflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn’thavepigments,soitstissueswon’tabsorblight.AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglightfromscattering.Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterialsskin,fat,andmoreandlightmovesthrougheachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-like(果凍狀的)materialandspreadthemselvesoverit.Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedtolookuniform.Buthowthey’redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclear:fortheselargeranimals,stayingtransparentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-transparentmilkywhite.32.AccordingtoParagraph1,transparentanimals.A.stayingroups B.canbeeasilydamagedC.appearonlyindeepocean D.arebeautifulcreatures33.Theunderlinedword“dead”inParagraph3means.A.silently B.graduallyC.regularly D.completely34.Onewayforananimaltobecometransparentisto.A.changethedirectionoflighttravel B.gathermaterialstoscatterlightC.avoidtheabsorptionoflight D.growbiggertostoplight35.Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertransparentanimals.A.movemoreslowlyindeepwaterB.staysee-throughevenafterdeathC.producemoretissuesfortheirsurvivalD.takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreading【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明白生活在海洋的透亮生物的特點，透亮原理，以及形成機制。【32題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據文章第一段第三行“Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch”可知，透亮動物是很簡潔受傷。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測題。該詞出現在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物體一種是對光線進行了散射；而另外一種是對光線的吸取。既然吸取了，那在光的傳播過程中就完全阻擋了，因此這里dead是完全的意思。故選D。【34題詳解】推理推斷題。依據第五段第一句“Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.”可知，想變透亮就要避開散射或吸取光線，因此其中的一個方法是C選項，避開光線的吸取。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據最終一段第一句中的“Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.”可知，體型較大的透亮動物面臨的挑戰(zhàn)最大，因為它們必需讓體內全部不同的組織減緩光線的速度，就像減緩水的速度一樣。由此推斷出，他在最終一段告知我們，更大的透亮動物會實行有效的行動來削減光的擴散。故選D。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)依據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Mindfulness(正念)isdefinedasturningyourattentioninwardandbeingawareofyourthoughts,feelings,andenvironment.Ithasbeenpopularinrecentyears.____36____Itcanhelplowerstress,reduceanxiety,increaseaperson’sabilitytoenjoypositiveexperiences,andmore.Hereareafewwaystopracticemindfulness.Listentomusic____37____.Gettinglostinagoodsongisaneffectivewaytopracticemindfulness.Beforelisteningtoyourfavoritealbum,considerwhatyou’refocusingyourattentionon.Thatway,you’llbeabletotellifyourmindstartstowander.WalkyourdogSayyou’reheadingoutsidewithyourpet.Insteadofthinkingabouttheworkdayahead,stayfocusedonthepresent.Noticeyourdog’stailwagging(搖擺)andthesoundsofhisbreath.____38____.FocusonyourmovementsAsyouwalkintotheofficeinthemorning,focusonlyonyourmovements.____39____andrepeatthewords“l(fā)ifting,moving,placing,shifting”.Doingsowillhelpavoidunwelcomeworries.FeelthenatureResearchsuggeststhatspendingevenalittletimeinnaturepromoteshappinessandattentiveness.Ifyouwanttogetmindfulinnature,headtoaparkforawalkorrun.____40____.Ifyouchoosesight,forexample,askyourself:Whatareyouseeingandwhatcolorsarenoticeable?A.PickonesensetofocusonB.AmindfulnesspracticecanbenefityoualotC.Soundcangiveyouenergy,calmness,orbothD.ApersoncanpracticemindfulnessinanyactivityE.OurmindstendtofocusonworriesaboutthefutureF.PayspecialattentiontoyourfeetastheytouchthegroundG.Anytimeyourmindwanders,quicklybringyourattentionbacktoyourpet【答案】36.B37.C38.G39.F40.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了正念以及練習正念的方法?！?6題詳解】依據下文“Itcanhelplowerstress,reduceanxiety,increaseaperson’sabilitytoenjoypositiveexperiences,andmore.(它可以幫助減輕壓力，削減焦慮，增加一個人享受主動閱歷的實力，等等。)”可知，下文詳細講解并描述了正念的好處。選項B“Amindfulnesspracticecanbenefityoualot(正念練習可以讓你受益匪淺)”因此下文正念的詳細好處，與下文內容一樣。故選B?！?7題詳解】依據空后內容“Gettinglostinagoodsongisaneffectivewaytopracticemindfulness.Beforelisteningtoyourfavoritealbum,considerwhatyou’refocusingyourattentionon.(沉醉在一首好歌中是練習專注力的有效方法。在聽你最寵愛的專輯之前，考慮一下你的留意力集中在什么上。)”可知，空后講解并描述的是聽音樂是練習專注力的好方法。選項C“Soundcangiveyouenergy,calmness,orboth(聲音可以給你能量，安靜，或者兩者兼而有之)”與下文內容一樣，指的是聲音可以給你能量和安靜；同時引出下文，指出正因為聲音可以給你能量和安靜，所以才可以選擇聽音樂來練習正念。故選C?！?8題詳解】依據上文“Sayyou’reheadingoutsidewithyourpet.Insteadofthinkingabouttheworkdayahead,stayfocusedonthepresent.Noticeyourdog’stailwagging(搖擺)andthesoundsofhisbreath.(假設你要帶著你的寵物出去。與其想著明天的工作，不如專注于當下。留意你的狗搖尾巴和呼吸的聲音。)”可知，上文講解并描述的是遛狗可以幫助練習正念，當帶著寵物的時候，將專注力放在寵物身上。選項G“Anytimeyourmindwanders,quicklybringyourattentionbacktoyourpet(任何時候當你走神的時候，快速把你的留意力拉回到你的寵物身上)”與上文內容一樣，指的都是將留意力放在寵物身上，以此來練習正念。故選G?！?9題詳解】依據空前內容“Asyouwalkintotheofficeinthemorning,focusonlyonyourmovements.(當你早上走進辦公室時，只關注你的動作。)”可知，上文指的是專注自己的動作。選項F“Payspecialattentiontoyourfeetastheytouchtheground(當你的腳接觸地面時，要特別留意)”與上文內容一樣，指的都是專注于自己的動作；同時“payspecialattention”與下文的“repeatthewords“l(fā)ifting,moving,placing,shifting”.(并重復單詞“舉、動、放、移”。)”相一樣，指的都是留意自己腳的動作。故選F。【40題詳解】依據空后內容“Ifyouchoosesight,forexample,askyourself:Whatareyouseeingandwhatcolorsarenoticeable?(例如，假如你選擇視覺，問問自己：你看到了什么，什么顏色是值得留意的？)”可知，下文指的是假如選擇視覺就問問自己看到的東西，以及應當留意什么顏色。選項A“Pickonesensetofocuson(選擇一個感官來關注)”引出下文的“Ifyouchoosesight”，與下文內容一樣。故選A。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Apreschoolteacherdecidedtoaddaveryspecialpersontoherlistofstudents:Herbeloveddad!Whenteachingkidshowtoreadandwrite,LucyFloreshashasgivenmore___41___aboutthefactthatherdadneverevenhadthe___42___tolearnhowtowritehisownname.Forthisreason,shedecidedshecouldbethe___43___teacherforhim!LucysaysherSpanish-speakingdad,Luciano,wasalittle___44___atfirst.Hisdesiretolearn,___45___,wasgreaterthananythingandsothe___46___began!LucypostedaTikTokvideoofherdadwherehewas___47___howtowritehisname,whichnowhasmorethantwomillion___48___-andcounting!Shealsopostedavideowhereshe___49___alittlebitaboutherfather’sbackground.HerdadwasborninMexicoandhada____50____childhood.Becauseofpoverty,hehadtodropoutofschoolafterfirstgradesothathecouldworktohelp____51____hisfamily.At15,hemovedtotheStates.Eversincethen,he’sbeenworkingin____52____.Becauseit’snotsomethingwherehehastowritefrequently.“Overall,I’msoexcitedthathechoseto____53____tolearn.”saidLucy.Lucygivesherdadwritinglessonsthreedaysaweekfortwohours,andthehardworkhas____54____Lucianocannowwritehisnameandisevenstartingtoreadbooks!Hisstoryhas____55____touchedthousandsofheartsandprovesthatitisnevertoolatetolearn.41.A.impression B.sense C.argument D.thought42.A.potential B.competence C.opportunity D.passion43.A.famous B.perfect C.necessary D.mysterious44.A.hesitant B.patient C.voluntary D.disappointed45.A.meanwhile B.therefore C.otherwise D.however46.A.games B.speeches C.lessons D.adventures47.A.practicing B.teaching C.proving D.examining48.A.concerns B.views C.requests D.answers49.A.admitted B.created C.shared D.designed50.A.tough B.different C.happy D.special51.A.inform B.support C.provide D.follow52.A.construction B.location C.bank D.school53.A.schedule B.promise C.recite D.want54.A.kepton