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專題01實(shí)數(shù)題型歸納題型歸納題型演練題型演練題型一正負(fù)數(shù)的意義及辨別題型一正負(fù)數(shù)的意義及辨別1.(2022·廣西河池·中考真題)如果將“收入50元”記作“+50元”,那么“支出20元”記作(
)A.+20元 B.﹣20元 C.+30元 D.﹣30元【答案】B【分析】在一對具有相反意義的量中,先規(guī)定其中一個(gè)為正,則另一個(gè)就用負(fù)表示.【詳解】解:“正”和“負(fù)”相對,所以如果+50元表示收入50元,那么支出20元表示為﹣20元.故選:B.2.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·三模)2020年,中尼兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人共同宣布珠穆朗瑪峰最新高程——8848.86米.2022年5月4日,我國科考隊(duì)員成功在珠峰海拔8830米處架設(shè)自動(dòng)氣象觀測站,這是全世界海拔最高的自動(dòng)氣象觀測站.若將自動(dòng)氣象觀測站作為基準(zhǔn),記珠峰山頂為+18.86米,則海平面應(yīng)記為(
)A.-8830米 B.0米 C.-8848.86米 D.+8830米【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)題目可知,以自動(dòng)氣象觀測站作為基準(zhǔn),往上為正,則下即為負(fù)即可求解;【詳解】解:根據(jù)題意,以自動(dòng)氣象觀測站作為基準(zhǔn),往上為正,則下即為負(fù);珠峰山頂為+18.86米,所以海平面應(yīng)記為-8830米;故選:A.3.(2022·河北邯鄲·三模)規(guī)定:(↑30)表示零上30°C,記作+30,(↓5)表示零下5°C,記作(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】先明確“正”和“負(fù)”所表示的意義,然后根據(jù)題意作答即可.【詳解】解:規(guī)定:(↑30)表示零上30攝氏度,記作+30;則(↓5)表示零下5攝氏度,記作﹣5.故選:B.4.(2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題)“五月天山雪,無花只有寒”,反映出地形對氣溫的影響.大致海拔每升高100米,氣溫約下降SKIPIF1<0.有一座海拔為2350米的山,在這座山上海拔為350米的地方測得氣溫是SKIPIF1<0,則此時(shí)山頂?shù)臍鉁丶s為_________SKIPIF1<0.【答案】-6或零下6【分析】根據(jù)題意“海拔每升高100米,氣溫約下降SKIPIF1<0”,列出式子即可求解.【詳解】解:山頂?shù)臍鉁丶s為SKIPIF1<0故答案為:-6或零下6.5.(2022·山東淄博·二模)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中經(jīng)常用正數(shù)和負(fù)數(shù)來表示具有相反意義的量.如果收入50元記作+50元,那么支出20元應(yīng)記作__________元.【答案】-20【分析】根據(jù)相反意義的量的定義求解即可.【詳解】解:∵收入50元記作+50元,∴支出20元應(yīng)記作-20元.故答案為:-20.題型二利用數(shù)軸比較實(shí)數(shù)的大小題型二利用數(shù)軸比較實(shí)數(shù)的大小6.(2022·江蘇南京·二模)數(shù)m在數(shù)軸上的位置如圖所示,則m、-m、SKIPIF1<0這三個(gè)數(shù)的大小關(guān)系為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)坐標(biāo)可知SKIPIF1<0,據(jù)此即可作答.【詳解】根據(jù)坐標(biāo)可知SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即有:SKIPIF1<0,故選:D.7.(2022·福建泉州·模擬預(yù)測)實(shí)數(shù)a,b,c,d在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)點(diǎn)的位置如圖所示,已知SKIPIF1<0,則四個(gè)數(shù)中絕對值最小的是(
)A.a(chǎn) B.b C.c D.d【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0可確定出原點(diǎn)在點(diǎn)a與c的中點(diǎn),再根據(jù)b與原點(diǎn)的距離的大小確定結(jié)論.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴原點(diǎn)在點(diǎn)a與c的中點(diǎn)上,∴由圖可知:b到原點(diǎn)的距離最短,所以在這四個(gè)數(shù)中,絕對值最小的數(shù)是b.故選:B.8.(2022·山東臨沂·二模)實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在數(shù)軸上的位置如圖所示,下列結(jié)論中正確的是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】直接利用數(shù)軸上a,b的位置進(jìn)行比較得出答案.【詳解】如圖所示,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故A錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0,故B正確;SKIPIF1<0,故C錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤;故選B.9.(2022·山東德州·二模)實(shí)數(shù)a,b,c,d在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)點(diǎn)的位置如圖所示,正確的結(jié)論是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】先利用數(shù)軸得出-5<a<﹣4<-2<b<-1<0<c<1<d=4,然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析即可.【詳解】解:由數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)的位置,得:-5<a<﹣4<-2<b<-1<0<c<1<d=4.A.a(chǎn)<0<c,故A不符合題意;B.b+c<0,故B不符合題意;C.|a|>4=|d|,故C不符合題意;D.∵-2<b<-1,∴1<-b<2,∴-b<d,故D符合題意;故選D.10.(2022·北京海淀·一模)實(shí)數(shù)a,b在數(shù)軸上的對應(yīng)點(diǎn)的位置如圖所示,下列結(jié)論中正確的是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)點(diǎn)在數(shù)軸上的位置,確定-1<a<0<b,|a|<|b|,然后對各項(xiàng)進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:觀察數(shù)軸可知-1<a<0<b,|a|<|b|,∴a>-1,故A錯(cuò)誤.|a|<|b|,故B正確.a(chǎn)+b>0,故C錯(cuò)誤.b-a>0,故D錯(cuò)誤.故選:B.題型三數(shù)軸上兩點(diǎn)之間的距離題型三數(shù)軸上兩點(diǎn)之間的距離11.(2022·河北·順平縣腰山鎮(zhèn)第一初級中學(xué)一模)如圖,現(xiàn)有A、B、C三點(diǎn),在數(shù)軸上分別表示﹣2、0、4,三點(diǎn)在數(shù)軸上同時(shí)開始運(yùn)動(dòng),點(diǎn)A向左運(yùn)動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)速度是2/s,點(diǎn)B、C都是向右運(yùn)動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)速度分別是3/s、4/s,甲、乙兩名同學(xué)提出不同的觀點(diǎn).甲:5AC﹣6AB的值不變;乙:5BC﹣10AB的值不變.則下列選項(xiàng)中,正確的是()A.甲正確,乙錯(cuò)誤 B.乙正確,甲錯(cuò)誤C.甲乙均正確 D.甲乙均錯(cuò)誤【答案】A【分析】設(shè)運(yùn)動(dòng)t秒,得到A、B、C三點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)后分別表示-2-2t、3t、4+4t,求出5AC-6AB,5BC-10AB,即可判斷.【詳解】解:設(shè)運(yùn)動(dòng)t秒,∵點(diǎn)A、B、C三點(diǎn),在數(shù)軸上分別表示﹣2、0、4,∴A、B、C三點(diǎn),運(yùn)動(dòng)后分別表示-2-2t、3t、4+4t,∴5AC-6AB=5(4+4t+2+2t)-6(3t+2+2t)=18,故5AC﹣6AB的值不變,∴甲的說法正確;∵5BC-10AB=5(4+4t-3t)-10(3t+2+2t)=-45t,故5BC﹣10AB的值改變,∴乙的說法不正確;故選:A.12.(2022·河北·大名縣束館鎮(zhèn)束館中學(xué)三模)數(shù)軸上兩點(diǎn)M,N表示的數(shù)分別為2,n,若MN=3,則n=()A.﹣1或5 B.1或一5 C.﹣1 D.1【答案】A【分析】依據(jù)M與N在數(shù)軸上的位置關(guān)系分類列式計(jì)算即可【詳解】(1)若M在N的左側(cè),則MN=n-2=3解得:n=5(2)若M在N的右側(cè),則MN==2-n=3解得:n=-1綜上:n=-1或n=5故選:A.13.(2022·江西·模擬預(yù)測)在解決數(shù)學(xué)實(shí)際問題時(shí),常常用到數(shù)形結(jié)合思想,比如:SKIPIF1<0的幾何意義是數(shù)軸上表示數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的點(diǎn)與表示數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的點(diǎn)的距離,SKIPIF1<0的幾何意義是數(shù)軸上表示數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的點(diǎn)與表示數(shù)2的點(diǎn)的距離.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0取得最小值時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】由題意畫出數(shù)軸,然后根據(jù)數(shù)軸上的兩點(diǎn)距離可進(jìn)行求解.【詳解】解:如圖,由SKIPIF1<0可得:點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0分別表示數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、2、SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0的幾何意義是線段SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的長度之和,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在線段SKIPIF1<0上時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的左側(cè)或點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的右側(cè)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0取得最小值時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0;故選C.14.(2022·河北唐山·三模)如圖1,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是數(shù)軸上從左到右排列的三個(gè)點(diǎn),分別對應(yīng)的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,b,4,某同學(xué)將刻度尺如圖2放置,使刻度尺上的數(shù)字0對齊數(shù)軸上的點(diǎn)A,發(fā)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)B對應(yīng)刻度1.8cm,點(diǎn)C對齊刻度5.4cm.則數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)B所對應(yīng)的數(shù)b為(
)A.3 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】結(jié)合圖1和圖2求出1個(gè)單位長度=0.6cm,再求出求出AB之間在數(shù)軸上的距離,即可求解;【詳解】解:由圖1可得AC=4-(-5)=9,由圖2可得AC=5.4cm,∴數(shù)軸上的一個(gè)長度單位對應(yīng)刻度尺上的長度為=5.4÷9=0.6(cm),∵AB=1.8cm,∴AB=1.8÷0.6=3(單位長度),∴在數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)B所對應(yīng)的數(shù)b=-5+3=-2;故選:C15.(2022·四川廣元·二模)已知:A,B在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)分別用a,b表示,且SKIPIF1<0.若點(diǎn)C點(diǎn)在數(shù)軸上且滿足SKIPIF1<0,則C點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為________.【答案】8或20【分析】先根據(jù)非負(fù)數(shù)的性質(zhì)求出a,b的值,分C點(diǎn)在線段AB上和線段AB的延長線上兩種情況討論,即可求解.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0∴a+4=0,b?12=0解得:a=?4,b=12∴A表示的數(shù)是?4,B表示的數(shù)是12設(shè)數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)C表示的數(shù)為c∵AC=3BC∴|c+4|=3|c?12|當(dāng)點(diǎn)C在線段AB上時(shí)則c+4=3(12?c)解得:c=8當(dāng)點(diǎn)C在AB的延長線上時(shí)則c+4=3(c?12)解得:c=20綜上可知:C對應(yīng)的數(shù)為8或20.16.(2022·福建南平·二模)數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A表示的數(shù)是9.8,點(diǎn)B在點(diǎn)A的左側(cè),AB=10,那么點(diǎn)B表示的數(shù)是_______.【答案】-0.2【分析】根據(jù)數(shù)軸上兩點(diǎn)間的距離,即可求解.【詳解】解:∵點(diǎn)A表示的數(shù)是9.8,點(diǎn)B在點(diǎn)A的左側(cè),AB=10,∴點(diǎn)B表示的數(shù)是9.8-10=-0.2.故答案為:-0.2題型四數(shù)軸上的動(dòng)點(diǎn)問題題型四數(shù)軸上的動(dòng)點(diǎn)問題17.(2022·河北·模擬預(yù)測)在數(shù)軸上,點(diǎn)M,N在原點(diǎn)O的兩側(cè),分別表示數(shù)a,3,將點(diǎn)M向左平移2個(gè)單位長度,得到點(diǎn)P,若OP=2ON,則a的值為(
)A.-1 B.-2 C.-3 D.-4【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)平移的規(guī)律得到點(diǎn)P表示的數(shù)為a-2,根據(jù)OP=2ON得到SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)a<0,求出a.【詳解】點(diǎn)M向左平移2個(gè)單位長度,即點(diǎn)P表示的數(shù)字為a-2,∵OP=2ON,∴SKIPIF1<0,又∵a<0,∴a-2=-6,解得a=-4,故選D.18.(2022·河北保定·一模)如圖,直線l上有三點(diǎn)A,B,C,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)P,Q分別從點(diǎn)A,B同時(shí)出發(fā),向點(diǎn)C移動(dòng),點(diǎn)P的速度是m個(gè)單位長/秒,點(diǎn)Q的速度是n個(gè)單位長/秒,SKIPIF1<0,那么(
)A.點(diǎn)P先到 B.點(diǎn)Q先到C.點(diǎn)P,Q同時(shí)到 D.無法確定哪點(diǎn)先到【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)題意表示出P運(yùn)動(dòng)所需的時(shí)間為SKIPIF1<0,Q運(yùn)動(dòng)所需的時(shí)間為SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,并利用不等式的基本性質(zhì)進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】由題意得,P運(yùn)動(dòng)所需的時(shí)間為SKIPIF1<0,Q運(yùn)動(dòng)所需的時(shí)間為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即Q運(yùn)動(dòng)所需的時(shí)間短,所以,點(diǎn)Q先到,故選:B.19.(2022·河北滄州·一模)如圖,數(shù)軸上-6,-3與6表示的點(diǎn)分別為M、A、N,點(diǎn)B為線段AN上一點(diǎn),分別以A、B為中心旋轉(zhuǎn)MA、NB,若旋轉(zhuǎn)后M、N兩點(diǎn)可以重合成一點(diǎn)C(即構(gòu)成△ABC),則點(diǎn)B代表的數(shù)可能為(
)A.-1 B.0 C.2.5 D.3【答案】C【分析】設(shè)B代表的數(shù)為x,則AC=3,AB和BC可以用x表示出來,然后根據(jù)三角形的三邊關(guān)系求出x的取值范圍即可得到解答.【詳解】解:設(shè)B代表的數(shù)為x,則由題意可得:AC=AM=3,AB=x-(-3)=x+3,BC=BN=NA-AB=9-(x+3)=6-x,∴由三角形的三邊關(guān)系可得:SKIPIF1<0解之可得:0<x<3,故選C.20.(2022·江蘇常州·一模)在數(shù)軸上,點(diǎn)A表示-2,若從點(diǎn)A出發(fā),沿?cái)?shù)軸的正方向移動(dòng)5個(gè)單位長度到達(dá)點(diǎn)B,則點(diǎn)B表示的數(shù)是______.【答案】3【分析】根據(jù)向右加的運(yùn)算法則,計(jì)算-2+5的結(jié)果就是點(diǎn)B表示的數(shù).【詳解】根據(jù)題意,得點(diǎn)B表示的數(shù)是-2+5=3,故答案為:3.21.(2022·江西·宜春市第八中學(xué)一模)如圖,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)分別為SKIPIF1<0,1,9.它們分別以每秒2個(gè)單位長度、1個(gè)單位長度和4個(gè)單位長度的速度在數(shù)軸上同時(shí)向左做勻速運(yùn)動(dòng),設(shè)同時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間為SKIPIF1<0秒.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)中,有一點(diǎn)恰為另外兩點(diǎn)所連線段的中點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的值為______.【答案】1或4或16.【分析】當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間為t秒時(shí),點(diǎn)A在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-2t-3,點(diǎn)B在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-t+1,點(diǎn)C在效軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-4t+9,然后分三種情況:點(diǎn)B為線段AC的中點(diǎn)、點(diǎn)C為線段AB的中點(diǎn)及點(diǎn)A為線段CB的中點(diǎn),找出關(guān)于t的一元一次方程,解之即可得出結(jié)論.【詳解】解:根據(jù)題意得:當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間為t秒時(shí),點(diǎn)A始終在點(diǎn)B的左側(cè),點(diǎn)A在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-2t-3,點(diǎn)B在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-t+1,點(diǎn)C在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-4t+9,當(dāng)點(diǎn)B為線段AC的中點(diǎn)時(shí),-t+1-(-2t-3)=-4t+9-(-t+1),解得:t=1;當(dāng)點(diǎn)C為線段AB的中點(diǎn)時(shí),-4t+9-(-2t-3)=-t+1-(-4t+9),解得:t=4;當(dāng)點(diǎn)A為線段CB的中點(diǎn)時(shí),-2t-3-(-4t+9)=-t+1-(-2t-3)解得:t=16.故答案為:1或4或16.22.(2022·河北·育華中學(xué)三模)如圖,數(shù)軸上a、b、c三個(gè)數(shù)所對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)分別為A、B、C,已知b是最小的正整數(shù),且a、c滿足SKIPIF1<0.(1)①直接寫出數(shù)a、c的值,;②求代數(shù)式SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)若將數(shù)軸折疊,使得點(diǎn)A與點(diǎn)C重合,求與點(diǎn)B重合的點(diǎn)表示的數(shù);(3)請?jiān)跀?shù)軸上確定一點(diǎn)D,使得AD=2BD,則D表示的數(shù)是.【答案】(1)①-2,6;②64(2)3(3)4或0【分析】(1)①根據(jù)平方和絕對值的非負(fù)性即可求出a和c,②把a(bǔ)和c的值代入SKIPIF1<0求值即可;(2)根據(jù)題意,求出b的值,然后求出線段AC的中點(diǎn),即可求出結(jié)論;(3)設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0表示的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,然后根據(jù)點(diǎn)D的位置分類討論,分別根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0列出方程即可分別求出結(jié)論.【詳解】(1)解:①∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:-2,6.②把SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0代入SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;(2)解:∵b是最小的正整數(shù),∴SKIPIF1<0,∴線段AC的中點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)與點(diǎn)B重合的點(diǎn)表示的數(shù)為n,則(1+n)÷2=2,解得:n=3.∴與點(diǎn)B重合的點(diǎn)表示的數(shù)是3.故答案為:3.(3)解:因?yàn)閍=-2,b=1,c=6,設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0表示的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,分三種情況討論:①若點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在點(diǎn)A的左側(cè),則x<-2且SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0(不符合題意,舍去);②若點(diǎn)D在點(diǎn)A、B之間,則-2<x<1且SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0;③若點(diǎn)D在點(diǎn)B右側(cè),則x>1且x-(-2)=2(x-1),解得:x=4.綜上所述,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0表示的數(shù)是0或4.故答案為:0或4.題型五判斷是否是相反數(shù)題型五判斷是否是相反數(shù)23.(2022·浙江寧波·一模)下列各組數(shù)中,互為相反數(shù)的是(
)A.2與-2 B.2與SKIPIF1<0 C.2與SKIPIF1<0 D.2與-1【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)只有符號不同的兩個(gè)數(shù)互為相反數(shù)來逐一判定求解.【詳解】解:A.2與-2互為相反數(shù),此項(xiàng)符合題意;B.2與SKIPIF1<0互為倒數(shù),不是互為相反數(shù),此項(xiàng)不符合題意;C.2與SKIPIF1<0互為負(fù)倒數(shù),此項(xiàng)不符合題意;D.2與-1不互為相反數(shù),此項(xiàng)不符合題意.故選:A.24.(2021·河北唐山·二模)如圖,數(shù)軸上點(diǎn)A、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、表示的數(shù)中,表示互為相反數(shù)的兩個(gè)點(diǎn)是(
).A.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0 B.點(diǎn)A和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0C.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0 D.點(diǎn)A和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)數(shù)軸、相反數(shù)的性質(zhì)分析,即可得到答案.【詳解】根據(jù)題意,點(diǎn)A表示的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)B表示的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)C表示的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0∴表示互為相反數(shù)的兩個(gè)點(diǎn)是點(diǎn)A和點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0故選:B.25.(2021·河北邢臺·一模)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則下列表述正確的是()A.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0均互為相反數(shù) B.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0均互為倒數(shù)C.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0互為倒數(shù);SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0互為相反數(shù) D.SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0互為相反數(shù);SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0互為倒數(shù)【答案】D【分析】先根據(jù)已知得a,b互為相反數(shù),m,n互為倒數(shù),再對各選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴a,b互為相反數(shù),m,n互為倒數(shù),所以,A.a,b互為相反數(shù),m,n互為倒數(shù),故選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意;B.a,b互為相反數(shù),m,n互為倒數(shù),故選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意;C.a,b互為相反數(shù),m,n互為倒數(shù),故選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意;D.a,b互為相反數(shù),m,n互為倒數(shù),故選項(xiàng)D正確,故選:D.26.(2022·浙江杭州·模擬預(yù)測)下列各組數(shù)中,互為相反數(shù)的一組是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0與2【答案】A【分析】先根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根,立方根,絕對值的性質(zhì)化簡,然后根據(jù)兩個(gè)數(shù)只有符號不同,數(shù)字相同,那么這兩個(gè)數(shù)就為相反數(shù)進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:A、SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0是相反數(shù),符合題意;B、SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0不是相反數(shù),不符合題意;C、SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0不是相反數(shù),不符合題意;D、SKIPIF1<0與2不是相反數(shù),不符合題意;故選A.27.下列各對數(shù)中,互為相反數(shù)的是()A.+(﹣1)和﹣1 B.﹣(﹣2)和﹣|﹣2|C.﹣4和﹣22 D.+(+3)和﹣(﹣3)【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)相反數(shù)的定義逐項(xiàng)判斷即可求解.【詳解】解:A.+(﹣1)=-1,故+(﹣1)和﹣1不互為相反數(shù),原選項(xiàng)判斷錯(cuò)誤,不合題意;B.﹣(﹣2)=2,﹣|﹣2|=-2,故﹣(﹣2)和﹣|﹣2|互為相反數(shù),原選項(xiàng)判斷正確,符合題意;C.﹣22=-1,故﹣4和﹣22不互為相反數(shù),原選項(xiàng)判斷錯(cuò)誤,不合題意;D.+(+3)=3,﹣(﹣3)=3,故+(+3)和﹣(﹣3)不互為相反數(shù),原選項(xiàng)判斷錯(cuò)誤,不合題意.故選:B題型六化簡多重符號題型六化簡多重符號28.(2022·廣東·東莞市光明中學(xué)三模)在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0這六個(gè)數(shù)中,負(fù)數(shù)的個(gè)數(shù)有()A.SKIPIF1<0個(gè) B.SKIPIF1<0個(gè) C.SKIPIF1<0個(gè) D.SKIPIF1<0個(gè)【答案】D【分析】先利用相反數(shù)、絕對值和乘方的意義計(jì)算出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,然后根據(jù)實(shí)數(shù)的分類求解.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以這六個(gè)數(shù)中,負(fù)數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.29.(2022·江蘇徐州·模擬預(yù)測)SKIPIF1<0的值為(
)A.2 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)相反數(shù)的定義解答即可.【詳解】解:﹣(﹣2)=2.故選:A.30.(2022·浙江金華·二模)下列各數(shù)中與SKIPIF1<0相等的是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】化簡各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的數(shù)字即可.【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0,B選項(xiàng)正確;SKIPIF1<0,C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0,D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;故選:B.31.(2022·江西贛州·一模)化簡:-(-6)的結(jié)果是(
).A.-6 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.6 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】依據(jù)相反數(shù)的定義化簡括號即可.【詳解】解:-(-6)=6.故選:C.32.(2022·山東淄博·一模)下列四個(gè)數(shù)中,最小的數(shù)是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.-3 C.0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)相反數(shù)的含義和求法,求出-(-3)=3,再根據(jù)實(shí)數(shù)大小比較的法則進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:-(-3)=3∵3>0>-3>-SKIPIF1<0∴-(-3)>0>-3>-SKIPIF1<0∴四個(gè)數(shù)中,-SKIPIF1<0最小故選A.33.(2022·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測)化簡:﹣(﹣5)=___,﹣|﹣5|=___.【答案】
5
-5【分析】根據(jù)雙重符號的化簡方法:偶數(shù)個(gè)負(fù)號得正.根據(jù)絕對值的意義:負(fù)數(shù)的絕對值是它的相反數(shù).【詳解】解:-(-5)=5,-|-5|=-5.故答案為:5,-5.題型七求一個(gè)數(shù)的絕對值題型七求一個(gè)數(shù)的絕對值34.(2021·四川樂山·三模)計(jì)算|﹣3|+(﹣2)的最后結(jié)果是()A.1 B.﹣1 C.5 D.﹣5【答案】A【分析】先計(jì)算絕對值,再算加法運(yùn)算即可得到最后結(jié)果.【詳解】解:|﹣3|+(﹣2)=3﹣2=1.故選:A.35.(2022·遼寧撫順·模擬預(yù)測)SKIPIF1<0的絕對值等于(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.2 D.-2【答案】B【分析】直接利用絕對值的性質(zhì)分析得出答案.【詳解】解:-SKIPIF1<0的絕對值是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.36.(2022·四川廣安·二模)﹣2022的絕對值是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.2022 D.﹣2022【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)絕對值的意義可直接得出答案.【詳解】解:?2022的絕對值是2022,故選:C.37.(2022·河南南陽·二模)下列各數(shù)中,絕對值最大的數(shù)是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.0【答案】B【分析】先計(jì)算絕對值,后比較大小即可.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,四個(gè)結(jié)果中8最大,故選B.38.(2022·湖北黃石·一模)計(jì)算:SKIPIF1<0______.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】首先計(jì)算負(fù)整數(shù)指數(shù)冪和絕對值,然后從左向右依次計(jì)算,求出算式的值即可.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.39.(2022·河南信陽·二模)寫出一個(gè)絕對值大于2且小于3的負(fù)無理數(shù)________________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0(答案不唯一)【分析】直接利用絕對值的性質(zhì)和無理數(shù)的定義得出答案.【詳解】解:絕對值大于2且小于3的負(fù)無理數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0(答案不唯一)題型八化簡絕對值題型八化簡絕對值40.(2022·安徽·三模)下列各數(shù)中,化簡結(jié)果最小的是(
)A.-5 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】分別計(jì)算絕對值,負(fù)整數(shù)指數(shù)冪,乘方運(yùn)算,再比較各數(shù)的大小,從而可得答案.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0而SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0所以最小的數(shù)是SKIPIF1<0故選:A41.(2022·北京市十一學(xué)校模擬預(yù)測)如圖,數(shù)軸上的SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)所表示的數(shù)分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且原點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)圖中各點(diǎn)位置,判斷下列選項(xiàng)不正確的是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的大小,進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:根據(jù)圖形,可知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,A、SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故本選項(xiàng)不符合題意;B、SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故本選項(xiàng)不符合題意;C、SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故本選項(xiàng)符合題意;D、SKIPIF1<0,故本選項(xiàng)不符合題意.故選:C.42.(2022·河北保定·一模)實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在數(shù)軸上對應(yīng)的位置如圖所示,化簡SKIPIF1<0的結(jié)果是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】先根據(jù)數(shù)軸得出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,再二次根式的性質(zhì)和絕對值的意義化簡即可.【詳解】解:由圖可知,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.43.(2022·廣東深圳·模擬預(yù)測)計(jì)算SKIPIF1<0的結(jié)果是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】原式利用絕對值的代數(shù)意義,以及零指數(shù)冪法則計(jì)算即可求出值.【詳解】解:原式SKIPIF1<0,故選B.44.(2022·湖北襄陽·模擬預(yù)測)若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0______.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,確定SKIPIF1<0的符號,再根據(jù)二次根式的性質(zhì)和絕對值的意義進(jìn)行化簡即可.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:b.45.(2022·四川南充·三模)計(jì)算:SKIPIF1<0______.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】根據(jù)化簡絕對值,零次冪進(jìn)行計(jì)算即可求解.【詳解】解:原式=SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0題型九絕對值非負(fù)性的應(yīng)用題型九絕對值非負(fù)性的應(yīng)用46.(2022·河北·模擬預(yù)測)若SKIPIF1<0<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0<0 B.SKIPIF1<0>0 C.SKIPIF1<0≠0 D.SKIPIF1<0為任意實(shí)數(shù)【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)絕對值的性質(zhì)可得,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0≠0,SKIPIF1<0始終大于0,則此時(shí)符合題意SKIPIF1<0<0.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0<0,∴SKIPIF1<0≠0,又∵SKIPIF1<0始終大于0,∴SKIPIF1<0≠0.故選C.47.(2022·廣東汕頭·二模)若a,b滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(
)A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6【答案】C【分析】首先根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根及絕對值的非負(fù)性,即可求得a、b的值,再把a(bǔ)、b的值代入代數(shù)式,即可求得其值.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0由a-1=0解得a=1把a(bǔ)=1代入SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0解得b=-2故SKIPIF1<0故選:C48.(2022·云南昆明·二模)已知實(shí)數(shù)x,y,z滿足SKIPIF1<0,則以x,y,z的值為邊長的三角形是(
)A.銳角三角形 B.直角三角形 C.鈍角三角形 D.無法判斷【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)平方式、算式平方根和絕對值的非負(fù)性求出x、y、z,再根據(jù)勾股定理的逆定理判斷即可.【詳解】解:∵實(shí)數(shù)x,y,z滿足SKIPIF1<0,∴x=5,y=12,z=13,∵52+122=132,∴x2+y2=z2∴以x,y,z的值為邊長的三角形是直角三角形,故選B.49.(2022·云南曲靖·二模)若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.4 C.4或SKIPIF1<0 D.20或SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】利用非負(fù)數(shù)性質(zhì)求出x、y、z的值,代入計(jì)算即可求出值.【詳解】解:∵|x+2|+(y-3)2+SKIPIF1<0=0,∴x+2=0,y-3=0,z2-16=0,解得:x=-2,y=3,z=±4,當(dāng)x=-2,y=3,z=4時(shí),z(x+y)=4×(-2+3)=4,當(dāng)x=-2,y=3,z=-4時(shí),z(x+y)=-4×(-2+3)=-4,故選:C.50.(2022·廣東·東莞市光明中學(xué)一模)若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0______.【答案】1【分析】根據(jù)非負(fù)數(shù)的性質(zhì)得出SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0的值,代入計(jì)算可得答案.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.51.(2022·浙江溫州·模擬預(yù)測)若實(shí)數(shù)a、b滿足|a+2|+SKIPIF1<0=0,則a+b的算術(shù)平方根是_________.【答案】2【分析】根據(jù)非負(fù)數(shù)的和的性質(zhì)可分別求得a與b的值,從而可求得結(jié)果.【詳解】∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,b=6,∴SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:2.52.(2021·河南省淮濱縣第一中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測)(1)如果SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)已知SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0互為相反數(shù),SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0互為倒數(shù),SKIPIF1<0的倒數(shù)等于它本身,則SKIPIF1<0的值是多少?(3)已知SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)利用絕對值的性質(zhì)分別得出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0可能的值,進(jìn)而得出答案;(2)直接利用相反數(shù)以及倒數(shù)的定義求出即可;(3)利用偶次方的性質(zhì)以及絕對值的性質(zhì)得出SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的值進(jìn)而求出答案.【詳解】(1)由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0①SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,②SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0互為相反數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0互為倒數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的倒數(shù)等于它本身,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<0.題型十絕對值方程的求解題型十絕對值方程的求解53.(2021·湖南·邵陽市第二中學(xué)九年級)關(guān)于x的方程SKIPIF1<0(a為常數(shù))有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)根,則a的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)關(guān)于x的方程SKIPIF1<0(a為常數(shù))有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)根,可得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,分別求解即可.【詳解】SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于x的方程SKIPIF1<0(a為常數(shù))有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)根SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),解得SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),解得SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0綜上,SKIPIF1<0故選:B.54.(2021·貴州遵義·九年級期末)若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】先根據(jù)題意求出(3-x)的值,從而不難求出x的值,注意絕對值等于正數(shù)的數(shù)有兩個(gè).【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0∴x=-4或10故選:D.55.(2022·浙江寧波·模擬預(yù)測)已知SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0__________.【答案】3或-1【分析】將b=1代入|a﹣b|=2,再根據(jù)絕對值的意義解方程即可.【詳解】解:當(dāng)b=1時(shí),|a﹣b|=|a﹣1|=2,可得a﹣1=±2,解得a=3或﹣1,故答案為:3或﹣1.56.(2022·廣東·九年級專題練習(xí))在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,若點(diǎn)M(﹣2,3)與點(diǎn)N(x,3)之間的距離是5,則x的值是_____.【答案】SKIPIF1<0或3.【分析】先根據(jù)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)之間的距離可得SKIPIF1<0,再解絕對值方程即可.【詳解】∵點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0之間的距離是5∴SKIPIF1<0化簡絕對值得:SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0故答案為:SKIPIF1<0或3.57.閱讀例題,解答問題:例:解方程SKIPIF1<0.解:原方程化為SKIPIF1<0.令SKIPIF1<0,原方程化成SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(不合題意,舍去).SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0.∴原方程的解是SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0請模仿上面的方法解方程:SKIPIF1<0.【答案】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0【分析】根據(jù)題意利用換元法解一元二次方程,然后解絕對值方程即可.【詳解】解:原方程化為SKIPIF1<0.令SKIPIF1<0,原方程化成SKIPIF1<0.解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(不合題意,舍去).SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.∴原方程的解是SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.58.(2020·湖南張家界·模擬預(yù)測)閱讀下列材料:我們知道SKIPIF1<0的幾何意義是在數(shù)軸上數(shù)SKIPIF1<0對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)與原點(diǎn)的距離,即SKIPIF1<0,也就是說,SKIPIF1<0表示在數(shù)軸上數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與數(shù)SKIPIF1<0對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)之間的距離;例1.解方程SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)樵跀?shù)軸上到原點(diǎn)的距離為2的點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,所以方程SKIPIF1<0的解為SKIPIF1<0.例2.解不等式SKIPIF1<0,在數(shù)軸上找出SKIPIF1<0的解(如圖),因?yàn)樵跀?shù)軸上到1對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離等于2的點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0或3,所以方程SKIPIF1<0的解為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,因此不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.參考閱讀材料,解答下列問題:(1)方程SKIPIF1<0的解為________;(2)解不等式:SKIPIF1<0;(3)解不等式:SKIPIF1<0.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0.【分析】(1)利用在數(shù)軸上到-3對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離等于5的點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為2或-8求解即可;(2)先求出|x-4|=1的解,再求SKIPIF1<0的解集即可;(3)先求出|x-2|=3的解,再求|x-2|≤3的解集即可;【詳解】解:(1)∵在數(shù)軸上到-3對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離等于5的點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為-8或2,∴方程|x+3|=5的解為x=2或x=-8,故答案為:x=2或x=-8;(2)在數(shù)軸上找出SKIPIF1<0的解.∵在數(shù)軸上到4對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離等于1的點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為3或5,∴方程SKIPIF1<0的解為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,∴不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;(3)在數(shù)軸上找出SKIPIF1<0的解.∵在數(shù)軸上到2對應(yīng)的點(diǎn)的距離等于3的點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0或5,∴方程SKIPIF1<0的解為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,∴不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0.題型十一求一個(gè)數(shù)的平方根題型十一求一個(gè)數(shù)的平方根59.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古通遼·一模)SKIPIF1<0的平方根是(
)A.4 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.2 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】先根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根可得SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)平方根的概念即可得.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以4的平方根是SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的平方根是SKIPIF1<0,故選:D.60.如果SKIPIF1<0,那么SKIPIF1<0()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)平方根的定義進(jìn)行詳解即可.【詳解】解:x2=3,所以x=±SKIPIF1<0,故選:C.61.16的平方根是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.4 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.8【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)平方根的定義即可求解.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0=16,∴16的平方根是:±4.故選:A.62.(2022·湖南長沙·九年級期中)下列說法正確的是(
)A.1的立方根是它本身 B.4的平方根是2C.9的立方根是3 D.0沒有算術(shù)平方根【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)立方根與平方根的定義即可求出答案.【詳解】解:A、1的立方根是它本身,故此選項(xiàng)符合題意;B、4的平方根是SKIPIF1<0,故此選項(xiàng)不符合題意;C、9的立方根是SKIPIF1<0,故此選項(xiàng)不符合題意;D、0的算術(shù)平方根是0,故此選項(xiàng)不符合題意.故選:A.63.(2021·浙江·杭州市行知中學(xué)三模)已知SKIPIF1<0,那么mn的平方根是___.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】根據(jù)平方和算術(shù)平方根的非負(fù)性求解即可.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0的平方根是SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.64.(2022·貴州貴陽·一模)正數(shù)a的平方根是SKIPIF1<0和m,則SKIPIF1<0________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】一個(gè)正數(shù)的平方根有兩個(gè),且互為相反數(shù),進(jìn)而得出m的值.【詳解】解:由題意,得,SKIPIF1<0+m=0,∴m=SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.題型十二求一個(gè)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根題型十二求一個(gè)數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根65.(2021·四川綿陽·二模)9的算術(shù)平方根是(
)A.3 B.﹣3 C.±3 D.2【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根的性質(zhì)計(jì)算即可;【詳解】9的算術(shù)平方根是3.故選A.66.(2021·重慶市開州區(qū)文峰初級中學(xué)一模)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的算術(shù)平方根等于(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)絕對值,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的值,再根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的值,可得SKIPIF1<0的絕對值,根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根,可得答案.【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,或SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的算術(shù)平方根等于SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的算術(shù)平方根等于SKIPIF1<0,故選:C.67.(2022·陜西師大附中模擬預(yù)測)4的算術(shù)平方根是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.2 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)平方與開平方互為逆運(yùn)算,可得一個(gè)正數(shù)的算術(shù)平方根.【詳解】∵22=4,∴4的算術(shù)平方根是2;故選:C.68.(2021·四川·渠縣崇德實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校一模)SKIPIF1<0的平方根是()A.±3 B.3 C.±9 D.9【答案】A【分析】先求出SKIPIF1<0的值,再求平方根即可.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,9的平方根是±3,∴SKIPIF1<0的平方根是±3,故選:A.69.(2022·湖北·鄂州市鄂城區(qū)教學(xué)研究室三模)計(jì)算:SKIPIF1<0______.【答案】2【分析】根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根定義計(jì)算即可.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<02,故答案為:2.70.(2022·遼寧營口·二模)5的算術(shù)平方根________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【分析】根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根的定義求解即可,平方根:如果一個(gè)數(shù)的平方等于SKIPIF1<0,那么這個(gè)數(shù)就叫SKIPIF1<0的平方根,其中屬于非負(fù)數(shù)的平方根稱之為算術(shù)平方根.【詳解】解:5的算術(shù)平方根是SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.題型十三利用算術(shù)平方根的非負(fù)性解題題型十三利用算術(shù)平方根的非負(fù)性解題71.(2022·河北·一模)已知SKIPIF1<0,則代數(shù)式SKIPIF1<0的值為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)二次根式的非負(fù)性可知SKIPIF1<0,從而得到SKIPIF1<0,代值求解即可.【詳解】解:對于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故選:A.72.若SKIPIF1<0,代數(shù)式SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<0,則當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),代數(shù)式SKIPIF1<0的值為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.1 C.2 D.3【答案】D【分析】將等式變形可得SKIPIF1<0,然后利用非負(fù)數(shù)性質(zhì)得出SKIPIF1<0,然后將當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),代入代數(shù)式求值即可.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,代數(shù)式SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),代數(shù)式SKIPIF1<0.故選擇D.73.(2022·廣東清遠(yuǎn)·一模)若SKIPIF1<
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