UNIT3重難知識(shí)點(diǎn)(備課件)高二英語系列（人教版2019選擇性必修第二冊(cè)）

Unit3FoodandCulture重難知識(shí)點(diǎn)1.prioradj.先前的;優(yōu)先的*Whatdidyoudopriortocominghere?你來這里之前做什么工作?*Thistaskispriortoallothers.這項(xiàng)任務(wù)要比所有其他任務(wù)優(yōu)先完成。*It’saprioritytorespectourparents.首先要尊敬我們的父母。*Fireengineshave/takepriorityoverothertraffic.消防車比其他車輛有優(yōu)先通行權(quán)?！驹~塊積累】(1)priorto 在……之前的,先于(2)bepriorto 在……前面,優(yōu)先(3)apriorityto ……的優(yōu)先權(quán)(4)have/takepriorityover 有……的優(yōu)先權(quán)【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Priorto______(take)aworkingholidayabroadyouwillneedtodoanumberofthings.②Nowhemustmakeita_______(prior)tofixthedeeplybrokensystem.(2)Theyinsistthattherighttoliveshould________________allotherconsiderations.

他們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,生存權(quán)利應(yīng)放在其他一切考慮因素之上。takingprioritytakepriorityover2.consistvi.由……組成/構(gòu)成;在于*(2019·浙江高考)Rockmusicconsistsofmanydifferentstyles.搖滾樂由許多不同的風(fēng)格組成。*Happinessconsistsinservingthepeople.幸福在于為人民服務(wù)。*Ourdeedsmustconsistwithourwords.我們必須言行一致?！驹~塊積累】consistof 由……組成consistin 在于;存在于consistwith 與……一致;并存【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Lifeconsists__notonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.②Iwassurprisedtofindthebikedidn’tconsist____whatyouadvertised.(2)同義替換Successliesin(=_________)industryandmodesty.

ofwithconsistsin【詞塊積累】(1)stuff...with... 用……填滿/塞滿……(2)bestuffedwith 塞滿了,擠滿了(3)andstuff 諸如此類【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Givinghongbao,redenvelopes______(stuff)withmoney,atweddingshasbeenatraditioninChina.②ThisisthedrawerwhereIkeeppaper,envelopes____stuff.(2)同義替換Thebusesarealwayscrowdedwithpassengersduringtherushhours.=Thebusesarealways___________passengersduringtherushhours.

stuffedandstuffedwith4.slicen.(切下的食物)薄片vt.把……切成薄片*Putsomebutteronasliceofbreadandaddateaspoonofbutter.在一片面包上放一些黃油,再加一茶匙的黃油。*(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.珍娜找到了面包,把兩片放入雞蛋混合物中。*Heslicedabigpieceoffthebacon.他切下一大塊熏豬肉。*Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.如果你有榨汁機(jī),你可以僅僅放入冷凍香蕉和一些漿果或切片水果?！驹~塊積累】(1)asliceof 一片(2)slice...off 把……切下來slicedfruit 切片水果slice...intoslices 把……切成薄片【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Therearetwo_____(slice)ofturkeyonthetable.②Iusuallybuy_____(slice)bread—it’slessbother.(2)Atfirst,I________________________________.

首先,我把綠色蔬菜切成片。(3)The33-year-oldenjoyedasmall_____________bybecomingthefirstChinesemainlandgolfer.

33歲的他成為了中國(guó)大陸首位高爾夫球手,這也為他創(chuàng)造了一小段歷史。slicesslicedslicedthegreenvegetableintopiecessliceofhistory5.exceptionaladj.特別的;罕見的*(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)WewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseuminShanghai.我們將在傳統(tǒng)的小城鎮(zhèn)里漫步,并在上海的一個(gè)特別的博物館結(jié)束我們的旅行。*Everyoneshouldhelpcleanthisroomandyouarenoexception.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)幫忙打掃房間,而你也不例外。*Wealllaughed,withtheexceptionofJerry.除了杰瑞,我們都笑了。【詞塊積累】(1)exceptionalperformance/circumstances/measures/ability...非同一般的表現(xiàn)/情況/措施/能力等(2)except

prep.除……之外exceptfor 除了……以外;要不是由于exceptthat... 只可惜;除了……之外(3)exception n.例外;異議withtheexceptionof 除了……以外noexception 無一例外(4)exceptionally adv.異常地;特殊地;例外地【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Gregoryis____________(exceptional)goodatcomputerprogramming.②Allpassedtheexamination____theexceptionoftwostudents.③TheseniorexecutivesaidtheP40serieswillbeavailableinallmarketsexcept___theUnitedStates,BrazilandRepublicofKorea.(2)__________________aredifferentinsomewaysfromothersofthesameage.

特別的孩子在某些方面與其同齡人不同。exceptionallywithforExceptionalchildren6.consumevt.吃;喝;飲;消耗,消費(fèi)*(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.照明約占美國(guó)總耗電量的7%。*Theconsumptionoftheresourcesontheearthisincreasingatanalarmingrate.地球上資源的消耗正以驚人的速度增長(zhǎng)。*Weshouldadopttheconsumers’reasonablesuggestions.我們應(yīng)該采納消費(fèi)者的合理建議?！驹~塊積累】(1)consumesth. 消耗/吃掉/花費(fèi)某物beconsumedwith 受……的折磨;充滿(2)consumer n.消費(fèi)者consumption n.消耗;消費(fèi)【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Thereisnodenyingthatsuchratingsmightbringconvenienceto__________(consume).②Computersaccountfor5%ofthecountry’scommercialelectricity____________(consume).③Alcoholcandamagetheliveranddogreatharmif_________(consume)inlargequantities.(2)同義替換Iwassuddenlyfullof(=_____________)curiosityabouthim.

consumersconsumptionconsumedconsumedwith7.Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.

又累又餓,而且一個(gè)漢字也不認(rèn)識(shí),我們壓根兒不知道如何點(diǎn)餐,于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿了食物,那是我們吃過的最可口的佳肴?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】形容詞或形容詞短語可以作狀語,表示方式、伴隨、原因、時(shí)間、條件、讓步等。﹡(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Hehadtriedtocoaxthedogtohimbut,frightened,ithadrunoff.(伴隨)他曾試圖把狗哄到他身邊,但狗嚇壞了,跑掉了。﹡Brave,goodandstrong,Xiulianisthecharacterwecareaboutmost.(原因)勇敢、善良、堅(jiān)強(qiáng),秀蓮是我們最關(guān)心的人物。*Ripe,theseapplesaresweet.這些蘋果熟了,味道很甜。(時(shí)間/條件)*Wetorfine,healwaysgetsupatsixandtakesawalkinthepark.

不管是晴天還是下雨天,他總是六點(diǎn)鐘起床,并到公園里散散步。(讓步)【知識(shí)微練】(1)Whenthepolicemanstoppedus,wealllookedquestioninglyathim,__________________(緊張又困惑).

(2)Tomstaredatthefootprint,_________(充滿了恐懼).

(3)_______________________________,MrGreenwentdowntowakeher.

格林先生下去叫醒她,是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)女孩睡過了頭惹惱了他。nervousandpuzzledfulloffearAngrywiththegirlforoversleeping8.Ontheotherhand,itdoestellusalotaboutAmericans.

另一方面,它確實(shí)告訴我們很多關(guān)于美國(guó)人的事情。【句式解構(gòu)】助動(dòng)詞does或do加在動(dòng)詞原形前面表示對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào),它屬于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式用法。如果是對(duì)一般過去時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào),則用助動(dòng)詞did。﹡Hedoeslikesinging.他確實(shí)喜歡唱歌。﹡Please!Dobequietamoment!求求你們!安靜一會(huì)兒!﹡That’sexactlywhatReeddidsay.里德確實(shí)是那樣說的?！局R(shí)微練】(1)I_______thatyouwon’tloseheartandwillkeeponlearningChinese.

我真的希望你不要灰心,繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)中文。(2)Sittinginfrontofthescreen___________________andphysicalpostureofchildren.

坐在屏幕前確實(shí)會(huì)損害孩子的眼睛和身體姿勢(shì)。dohopedoesdamagetheeyes9.somewhatadv.有點(diǎn),稍微*(2021·浙江高考)Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.然而,為了尋找其他志同道合的人,保羅在網(wǎng)上這個(gè)不太可能的地方開始尋找。*Thingshavechangedsomewhatsincethen.從那時(shí)候起,情況就有些不一樣了。*SomehowKarinmanagedtocopewiththedemandsofhercareer.不知怎么地,卡琳設(shè)法應(yīng)付了那些來自工作的要求。*Anyhow,thisdoesn’tpreventtheInternetfrombecomingourfriend.無論如何,這并不妨礙互聯(lián)網(wǎng)成為我們的朋友?！驹~塊積累】somehow 不知怎么地;以某種方式;莫名其妙地anyhow 總之;無論如何;不管怎樣【知識(shí)微練】選詞填空(somewhat,somehow,anyhow)(1)Thepricewas_________higherthanI’dexpected.(2)________,knowledgecanbelearnednotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughactivities.(3)Don’tworry.We’llgetthemoneyback________.

somewhatAnyhowsomehow10.associationn.協(xié)會(huì);關(guān)聯(lián)*MynameisLiHua.AndIamwritingtoapplyforbeingavolunteerofourSchoolEnglishAssociation.我叫李華。我寫信是為了申請(qǐng)成為我們學(xué)校英語協(xié)會(huì)的志愿者。*Myassociationwithhimgoesbacktoourdaysinhighschool.我和他的交往可以追溯至高中時(shí)代。*Inwesterncultures,redisassociatedwithpower,control,andstrength.在西方文化中,紅色與權(quán)力、控制和力量聯(lián)系在一起?！驹~塊積累】(1)associationwith... 與……的交往/聯(lián)系inassociationwith... 與……聯(lián)系;與……聯(lián)合(2)associate v.聯(lián)想;聯(lián)系,使關(guān)聯(lián)associatewith... 聯(lián)合;與……聯(lián)系在一起(3)associated adj.關(guān)聯(lián)的;聯(lián)系的beassociatedwith... 與……有聯(lián)系的【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①The__________(associate)wasformedtorepresenttheinterestsofwomenartists.②Dogswerealso_________(associate)withhealingintheancientworld.(2)Motherwarnedtheboys__________________badcompanions.

母親告誡孩子們別和壞人交往。associationassociatednottoassociatewith11.quantityn.數(shù)量;數(shù)額*Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.專家說,表揚(yáng)的質(zhì)量比表揚(yáng)的數(shù)量更重要。*Ifallpeoplecutdownonfoodwaste,alargequantityoffoodcanbesavedandmorepeoplewillbefed.如果所有的人都減少食物浪費(fèi),大量的食物可以被節(jié)省,更多的人將被養(yǎng)活。*Ihearquantitiesofmoneyhavebeencollectedfortheearthquake-hitarea.我聽說已經(jīng)為地震災(zāi)區(qū)籌集了大量的資金?！驹~塊積累】alarge/smallquantityof 大/少量的(large)quantitiesof 大量的inquantity 大量地【知識(shí)微練】語法填空(1)Alargequantityofmoney________________(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.

(2)Inthefirstplace,vehiclessendoutlargequantitiesofpoisonousgaseswhich___(be)amajorsourceofairpollution.(3)_________(quantity)offoodandtentsweresenttoearthquake-strickenareasfromShandong.

hasbeencollectedareQuantities12.fundamentaladj.根本的;基礎(chǔ)的;基本的*Hardworkisfundamentaltosuccess.努力工作是成功的基礎(chǔ)。*Fundamentally,therearetwodifferentapproachestotheproblem.從根本上說,這個(gè)問題有兩種不同的處理方法?！驹~塊積累】(1)befundamentalto 對(duì)……很重要fundamentalchange 根本改變;根本變化fundamentalprinciple 根本原則;基本原理(2)fundamentally adv.根本地,從根本上(3)fundamental n.基本規(guī)律,根本法則

【易混辨析】fundamental書面用詞,指作為基礎(chǔ)、根本的抽象事物basic普通用詞,指明確、具體的基礎(chǔ)或起點(diǎn)essential語氣比basic和fundamental強(qiáng),強(qiáng)調(diào)必不可少vital側(cè)重指維持生命、活力必不可少的,或生死攸關(guān)的【知識(shí)微練】語法填空(1)HebelievesbetterrelationswithChinaarefundamental__thewell-beingofthearea.(2)Onlythroughthesemeasurescouldnoiseproblembesolved_____________(fundamental).

fundamentallyto13.consistentadj.一致的;連續(xù)的*Underit’sconsistentpull,biteandpush,thewirefencewasfinallytornopenwithloudnoises.在它不斷的拉、咬、推下,鐵絲柵欄終于在巨大的噪音中被撕開了。*Weneedtobeconsistentinourapproach.我們必須在方法上保持一致。*Newgoalsarenotalwaysconsistentwiththeexistingpolicies.新目標(biāo)并不總是與現(xiàn)行政策一致。*Heconsistentlymatcheshiswordswithhisaction.他總是言行一致?！驹~塊積累】(1)beconsistentin 在……一致beconsistentwith 和……一致/相符(2)consistently adv.一貫地;一致地【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Hisactionisalwaysconsistent____hiswords.②Whatevermethodyouchoose,youmust___________(consistent)stickwithit.(2)Itisour_________positiontosupportthepoliticalsolutiontotheconflictinthecountry.支持政治解決該國(guó)的沖突是我們的一貫立場(chǎng)。withconsistentlyconsistent14.regardlessof不管;不顧*(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Regardlessoftheriskofgettinginfected,UncleLiisresponsibleanddevotedtohisjob.李叔叔不顧感染的危險(xiǎn),對(duì)工作負(fù)責(zé),盡心盡力。*Hewentaheadanddidit,regardlessoftheconsequences.他說干就干了,沒有考慮后果?！驹~塊積累】(1)regardlessof+從句 不管……,不顧……,強(qiáng)調(diào)不認(rèn)為……重要,從而不加以重視或考慮(2)despite=inspiteof 盡管;不管;雖然(后常接名詞,不接從句)(3)withregardto 關(guān)于;至于(4)bestregards 最好的祝福(用于書信結(jié)尾)regardlessof與despite意義相近,但后者是介詞,無需再接of,可以直接接賓語?！局R(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Sheisdeterminedtodoitregardless__allconsequences.②Dr.Bethunecontinuedworkinginspiteof_______(cut)hishandduringanoperation.(2)_____________myfavoriteChinesepoet,I’dliketointroduceDuFutoyou.

至于我最喜歡的中國(guó)詩人,我想向你介紹杜甫。ofcuttingWithregardto15.ratherthan而不是*Ratherthanscoldingme,hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizetoourneighbor.他沒有責(zé)罵我,反而稱贊我的誠(chéng)實(shí),然后鼓勵(lì)我向鄰居道歉。*IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.我寧愿關(guān)掉電視,也不愿關(guān)掉手機(jī)或切斷網(wǎng)絡(luò)。【詞塊積累】woulddo...ratherthando... 寧愿做……,也不愿做……otherthan 不同于;除了……外orrather 更確切地說morethan 多于;不僅僅;非常【知識(shí)微練】(1)語法填空①Itmeanswewouldtryhardtolivearichliferather____giveupeasily.②Ifeelitisyouratherthantheboywho___(be)toblameforbeinglateforthespeech.③Sheworkedasasecretary,__rather,apersonalassistant.(2)重要的是你做什么,而不是你說什么。(ratherthan)譯:________________________________________________

thanareorItiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.16.TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100-150caloriesadayfromsugar,whichislessthanwhatisusuallycontainedinonecanofsweetdrinkorinasinglecandybar.美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)建議,每天從糖中攝取的熱量應(yīng)控制在100-150卡路里以內(nèi),這比一聽甜飲料或一塊糖果所含的熱量要少。

【句式解構(gòu)