2021年江西省撫州市高一下學(xué)期學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)發(fā)展水平測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題

答案第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages22頁(yè)江西省撫州市2020-2021學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)發(fā)展水平測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________一、閱讀理解Ifyou’relookingforaplaceintheBayAreatoattendanoutdoorconcert.ShorelineAmphitheater(露天場(chǎng))inMountainViewmaybejusttheplaceforyouTheSiteWith6,500fixedscatsandgrassseatingthatbringsitscapacity(容納能力)to22,000,thisoutdooramphitheatercanholdalotofpeople.Infact,you’llbegladtheyhavetwolargevideoscreenstogiveyouaclose-upviewoftheperformers,nomatterwhereyousit.Butstandingisn’tallowed.LikesandDislikesShorelineAmphitheaterisacoolplacetogoonahotsummerevening,notonlyculturallybuttemperature-wise.Shorelineisnotwithoutitsfaults,however.Theirbiggestcomplaintsincludethefactthatthestaffdoesnotpolice(監(jiān)督)cigarettesmokers.However,ifaperformerrequestsit,thestaffwillforceanyoneseencallingtoleave,whichcancausealotoftroubleduringtheshow.Anotherbiggestcomplaintisthatwhenthemostpopulargroupsperform,allthosepeoplehavetomaketheirwaytotheamphitheateronalimitednumberofcitystreetsandtrafficisoftenatastandstillformiles.TipsfortheaudienceYoucanbringlowbacked-beachchairstouseonthegrass,aslongasthesealisnomorethaninchesofftheground.Youcanalsorentthemonsue.Formostshows,blanketsareallowed.Youmaynotneedsunscreenbecausethesunsetsbeforetheshowstarts,butinsectrepellent(殺蟲劑)isagoodidea.Leave“professional”cameras,videoequipmentandrecordingequipmentathome.Onlyworkinganimalsareallowedinsidethesite.1．Ifaudiences’seatsarefarawayfromthestage,whatcantheydo?A．Theycanwatchvideoscreenslive.B．Theycanhardlywatchtheperformanceclearly.C．Theycanstanduptowatchtheperformances.D．Theycanaddmoneytoexchangetheirseats.2．WhichproblemsdoesShorelineAmphitheaterhavetosolve?A．Temperature. B．Smoking.C．Seating. D．Screen.3．WhatcantheaudiencebringwhentheygotoShorelineAmphitheater?A．Highbacked-beachchairsandinsectrepellent.B．Insectrepellentandvideoequipment.C．Blanketsandinsectrepellent.D．Lowbacked-beachchairsandpets.Lifehasnotbeeneasyforveteran(退伍老兵)JohnJolly,whooncestayedinKingwoodParkHouston.Hehasbeenhomelessfordecades.Thankstoagroupofcaringhighschoolseniors,henowhasarealhometocallhisown.StudentsatSummerCreekandKingwoodParkHighschoolsworkedtogetheronaprojectcalled“StudentsHelpingVeterans”overthepastschoolyear.Thestudentsandteacherspartneredtogethertocreatemuster-plannedtinyhomesintheHoustonareaforhomelessveterans.Generouslocalcommunitydonationshelpedfundtheproject.Incooperationwithlocalarchitects,engineers,andothercommunitypartners,theschoolsdesignandbuildhomesexpectedtobe200to300squarefeetinsize.Intheend,theywanttobuildacommunitywhereveteranscanbesurroundedbyotherveteranneighborswhounderstandtheirdifficultiesandissues.SeniorstudentSarahDalbysaidthatwhenshestartedtheproject,shehardlyknewhowtouseasaw(鋸)butnowsheisafastlearnerlovesthework.“Wehavetoappreciatetheveteransforprotectingusandgivingusthefreedomandrightsthatweenjoy,”sheaddedwhenexplainingherownpurposetotakepartintheproject.“Thisisunbelievable,”remarkedBarbaraLang,afriendoftheveteranwhowastheretoprovidesupport.Atinyhomeisinvaluabletothosewhohavenothing.Johnwasclearlyexcitedwithhisnew,cleanandfullyfurnishedhome.Thestudentsdon’tviewthisasaone-timeeffort.Theiradmirableplanintogrowtheproject,andhaveitspreadtootherschoolsandcitiesthatcanrepealthismodel.4．Wheredoesthemoneyofbuildinghomesforveteranscomefrom?A．Contributionsfromrichbusinessmen.B．Contributionsfromthelocalpeople.C．Donationsfromthestudentsandteachersofthehighschools.D．DonationsfrompeopleallovertheUSA．5．Whatisthefinalgoalofthe“StudentsHelpingVeterans”project?A．Tohelpveteransfindnewfriends.B．Tocreateahomeforallthehomeless.C．Toformacommunitymadeupofveterans.D．Tobuildhomesforveteransandtheirfamilies.6．WhydidSarahDalbyjointheproject?A．Tolearnnewskills. B．Tolearnfromtheveterans.C．Torealizeoneofherdreams. D．Toshowrespecttotheveterans.7．Whatdoweknowabouttheproject?A．Itdidn’tattracttheveterans.B．Itislikelytobenefitmoreveterans.C．Ithasinspiredotherschoolsandcities.D．Itslopswhenallthehousesarefinished.Ifyourpilotcalls“Mayday”onthecommunicationsystem,you’reinbigtrouble.InMay2020,thepilotofPakistanInternationalAirlinesFlightPK8303gavethehorrible“Mayday”signal.“Wehavelosttwoengines“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday,”werethepilots’lastwords,accordingto“BusinessInsider”Ninety-sevenpeopledied.“Mayday”isaninternationaldistress(遇險(xiǎn))signalusedbyairplanepilotsandboatcaptains.ThesignalarosejustafterWorldWar,asairtrafficbetweenBritainandEuropeincreasedgreatly.Allnearbynationsneededaninternationallyunderstoodsignalthatwouldwarnauthoritiesofurgentaircraftproblems.Shipscommunicatedthroughtelegraph(電報(bào))usingMorsecode(摩斯密碼),andthistechnologymade“SOS”unmistakable.However,aircraftpilotsusedradiocalls,and“SOS”owingtoitsconsonants(輔音)couldbemisheardasotherletters,like“F”.SoFrederickMockford,aseniorradioofficerinLondon,wasputinchargeoffindingapropercodeword.HereasonedthatbecausesomuchoftheairtrafficflewbetweenCroydonandLeBourgetAirportinParis.ItmightmakesensetouseawordthathasbeendevelopedfromaFrenchword.Hecameupwith“Mayday”,theFrenchpronunciationof“m’aider”(helpme)whichitselfisaclearversion(版本)of“venezm’aider,”(comehelpme).TheU.S.formallyadopted“Mayday”asadistresssignalin1927.Givenitsimportance,mostpeoplerespectthe“Mayday”signalanduseitonlywhencompletelynecessary.Sadly,theCoastGuardoccasionallydealswithhoaxcalls.Asaresultalotofdollarsandcountlessman-hoursmaybewastedtryingtorescuepeoplewhowereneverindanger.Peoplewhomisusethissystemcanbeputinprisonforupto10years.8．WhatdoestheauthorusetheexampleofthePakistanpilottoshow?A．“Mayday”isusedfordistresscalls. B．Flyingmaybecomeaterribleaircrash.C．“Mayday”hastobeusedsometimes. D．“Mayday”ismainlyusedbythepilot.9．Whynotuse“SOS”usanairplanedistresscall?A．Itisdifficulttounderstand.B．Itisonlyusedamongboutcaptains.C．Itmaybemisunderstoodinradiocalls.D．Itisonlyunderstoodbycertaincountries.10．Whatcanwelearnabout“Mayday”？A．ItisaFrenchword. B．ItmeansadayinMay.C．Ithasdifferentversions. D．ItwascreatedbyFrederick.11．Whatdoestheauthormainlytellreadersinthelastparagraph?A．Touse“Mayday”cautiously. B．Tolearntheimportanceof“Mayday”.C．Tounderstandtheoriginof“Mayday”. D．Toknowhowtouse“Mayday”.Schoolclosuresduetothecorona-virusmeanthatchildrenacrosstheUnitedStateshavetogowithoutformedlessons.Butmanyaremissingmorethanthat;they’relackingmealsthatwereformerlyprovidedforthembyschools.Two-thirdsofthe31millionAmericankidswhoregularlyeatschoollunchesdependheavilyonthosemealstonourish(滋養(yǎng))theirbodies.Someprogramsdoexistforfeedingchildrenwhenschoolsareunable,suchastheSummerFoodServiceProgramandtheSeamlessSummerOption,whichcanserveasamodelfortimeslikethese.Suchprogramsuseotherlocationsasmealservicesites,suchaslibrariesandcommunitycorners,buttheissueistheclosureofmanyofthesepublicsiteswhichishappeningatarapidrate.Thenthereistheadditionaldifficultyoffeedinggroupsofpeopleatatimewhengroupsofpeoplearenotsupposedtogather,whichisnotsafeduringaviraloutbreakandtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)havestatedthatadministratorsshould‘‘designnewstrategies(策略)toavoidprovidingmealsinsettingswherepeoplemightgatherinagrouporcrowd...suchas‘grab-and-go’baggedlunchesormealdelivery”.Thesearestrangeandthreateningtimes,withthecorona-virussituationworsebytheday.Low-incomefamiliessufferthemostintimeslikethese.Theyhavelesscashonhandtobuysupplies;theymaynothaveavehicleinwhichtotransportlargequantitiesoffood;theirjobstendtobemoreuncertain.It’simportanttorememberthisandtocontinuedonating,supporting,andshowingmercytolessfortunateindividualsinlimesofdifficulty.Itshouldn’tbeleftentirelytoschooladministratorstofigureouthowtofeedhungrychildren,everycommunityhasadutytoensurethishappens12．Whatissuedoesthepassagechieflyfocuson?A．Makingupformissinglessons. B．Providingmealsforneedykids.C．Thegreatneedsofpoorfamilies. D．Thestrictmeasuresforvirusprevention.13．WhatisthechallengefacedbyprogramslikeSeamlessSummerOption?A．Whatfoodtosupply. B．Whentoclosethepublicsites.C．Howtogetthepermit. D．Wheretogiveoutthefood.14．Whatisthepurposeofstrategieslike“grab-and-go”?A．Toavoidcrowdgatherings. B．Tosavepeople’stime.C．Togiveawaymorefood. D．Tochangepeople’smind.15．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．Showtheseriousnessoftheproblem. B．Improvethegeneralsituations.C．Callformorehelpordonations. D．Advertisetheirprograms.二、七選五WhyDon’tWeListenWhilebeingagoodlisteneriscertainlyimportantforthequalityofourrelationshipswithothersandforourowndevelopment,itlikelydoesn’tcomenaturallyforus.Astudyshowsthattheaveragepersonkeepsonlyabout25%ofwhatheorshehears,____16____Herearesomecommonreasonspeopledon’tlistenwell.Theattitudeofknowingitall.Listeningisoneofthemosteffectivewaystolearnandgrow.However,sometimesweliketothinkthatwe’vealreadygotitallfiguredout.Sowedon’tallowtheknowledge,ideas,opinions,etc.ofotherstoenterintoourmindsandhearts.Sadly,we’rewrong.Therearedifferentopinionsandexperiences.____17____Theconcernforyourself.Frankly,it’seasytogetabsorbedinourownworldspopulatedbyourownthoughts,values,ideas,opinions,etc.____18____Itcanbeeasytoforgetthateachindividualhashisownuniverse(宇宙),andthatoneofthewayseachuniverseexpandsisbyallowinganothertosharepartoftheirswithyou.____19____Sometimeswesimplycan’tconcentrateourattention.Thereisnoshortageofthingsthatattractourattentiontoday,particularlywiththenumberofsmartphones,appstextmessages,shortvideosandsoondrawingourattentionawayfrompeopleinthefleshtothescreen.Wemayalsosimplygetlostinthoughtwhensomeoneisspeakingtous.Toomuchconfidenceinourlisteningskill.Ifyouthinkyou’realreadygreatatsomething,whyworktoimproveit?Thetruthis,nomatterhowwellwemaylistennow,listeningisaskillthatcanbedeveloped.____20____Listeningwellissomethingwehavetoworkfor.A．Performanceincreaseswithpractice.B．Itprovesourattitudetowardslistening.C．Thestateofbeingabsent-minded.D．Itmeanswearemissingoutinformation.E．Thelackoftheabilitytocatchothers’attention.F．Inasense,we’rethecenterofourownuniverse.G．Sowealwayshavesomethingnewtolearnfromothers.三、完形填空AyoungMexican-borngirl____21____forwhatwasrightandachievedtheunexpected.HernameisEricaFernandez.Ericawasbornand____22____inMichoacan.Mexicountiltheageof12.Atthattime,herfamily____23____toanAmericanagriculturecity.Oxnand,Californiatomakeafortune.Oneofthebiggest____24____atthetimewasthatneitherherparentsnorherselfcouldspeakEnglish.Therefore,sheworkedhardatEnglishforseveralyearsand____25____fromChicagoUniversitywithgoodgrades.____26____,alightlifeandracialprejudice(歧視)forcedthemto____27____Mexico,whereshestartedhernewcareer.OnedayEricawasinvitedtoattendameetingasatranslator.She____28____gotnewsthattherichestminingcompanyintheworldwouldbuildachemicalfactoryinherhometown.ThereasonwhytheychoseMichoacanwasthatthis____29____wasrefusedinthosedevelopedareas.Itwouldcause280tensofair_____30_____eachyear,notonlyaffectingthe_____31_____ofOxnardsettlers,butalsotheirharvests.Somelocalpeoplewere_____32_____tocelebrateformorechancesofmakingmoneybecausetheydidn’tknowthetruth.Seeingthatherhometownwasgoingtobe_____33_____,Ericadecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Ericajoinedforceswith_____34_____environmentalprotectionorganizations,andreachedouttothemediatoreportthisunfairnessto_____35_____thisprogrammefromgoingthrough.Shealso_____36_____morethan250highschoolstudentsmarchingonthestreet.Allhereffortsbecame_____37_____afterherexcitingspeech.Theprojectdidn’tgothrough.ItwasErica’scourageanddeterminationthat_____38_____theirsuccess.Ericasavedherhometownfromabad_____39_____atheryoungage,butmost_____40_____sheisteachingushowtolivelifeintherightway:Careaboutourhomelandandwecanmakeadifference!21．A．putup B．cameup C．gotup D．stoodup22．A．raised B．taken C．buried D．brought23．A．reached B．turned C．moved D．staved24．A．a(chǎn)dventures B．sufferings C．dreams D．problems25．A．came B．left C．graduated D．kept26．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Moreover27．A．lead B．return C．live D．want28．A．widely B．formally C．a(chǎn)ccidentally D．uniquely29．A．a(chǎn)ctivity B．campaign C．programme D．statement30．A．Pollution B．harm C．damage D．hurt31．A．disease B．emotion C．health D．freedom32．A．a(chǎn)stonished B．excited C．depressed D．satisfied33．A．takenadvantageof B．takencareof C．takenchargeof D．takenholdof34．A．foreign B．downtown C．religious D．local35．A．protect B．break C．fight D．prevent36．A．gathered B．commanded C．forced D．collected37．A．successful B．worthwhile C．hopeful D．true38．A．cameto B．referredto C．a(chǎn)ddedto D．contributedto39．A．a(chǎn)ssociation B．situation C．occasion D．emergency40．A．importantly B．curiously C．fortunately D．simply四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面語(yǔ)言材料，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式。Sofarmobilephones____41____(become)moreandmorepopularamongthemiddleschoolstudents,aboutwhichparentsandteachersexpressgreatconcern.IthasbeenahotissuesothisFebruarytheMinistryofEducationofChinamadearule____42____primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsshallnot____43____(allow)tobringmobilephonestoschools.Manyparentsthinkthiscanprotectstudents’eyesightandmakesuretheyfocus____44____(they)onstudy.Besides,thiscanpreventthemfrom____45____(play)onlinegamesfortoolong.Ifstudentsdoneedtobringmobilephonestoschool,theyshouldaskfortheirteachers’____46____(permit)withawrittenapplication(申請(qǐng)).However,somestudentsare____47____theruleandstilltaketheirphonesintoschool.Personally,thewhole____48____(social)shouldpaymoreattentiontothephysicalandmentalhealthofadolescents.Onlybyguidingthemtousemobilephones____49____(proper)cantheymanage_____50_____(fix)theireyesonstudy!五、短文改錯(cuò)51．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的這篇作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（/\），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。GeorgehasacleverdogcallingLeonard.Heoftenletsitplayoutsidebyhimself.Heneverthoughtsomethingwillhappentoitbecauseitdidn’thurtanyone.Oneday,itwentouttoplayanditdidn’treturnbackhomeattheusualtime.Georgefeltsoworriedlythathelookedforiteverywhereitmightgo.TenminutelaterGeorgefounditlayonthegroundwithanarrowinitsstomach.SoGeorgerushedittothehospital.Luckilyitsurvived.LaterGeorgediscoveredarrowwastiedwithanote,thatsaid“Adisturbingdogisunbearableanditsdeathisnottoberegretted”.Whatapitytotreatourpetfriendslikethat!六、推薦信52．你校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部進(jìn)行征文活動(dòng)，主題為“校年度最美人物”，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇文章參與征文活動(dòng)。1.最美人物簡(jiǎn)介。2.推薦理由。題目：PersonoftheYear字?jǐn)?shù)：100字左右。參考答案：1．A2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了ShorelineAmphitheater參加戶外音樂(lè)會(huì)的相關(guān)情況，包括其位置，好惡和給觀眾的建議。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheSite部分“Infact,you’llbegladtheyhavetwolargevideoscreenstogiveyouaclose-upviewoftheperformers,nomatterwhereyousit.Butstandingisn’tallowed.(事實(shí)上，你會(huì)很高興他們有兩個(gè)大的視頻屏幕，無(wú)論你坐在哪里，都能讓你近距離觀看表演者。但是站著是不允許的)”可知，如果觀眾的座位離舞臺(tái)很遠(yuǎn)，他們可以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀看視頻屏幕。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LikesandDislikes部分“Theirbiggestcomplaintsincludethefactthatthestaffdoesnotpolicecigarettesmokers.(他們最大的抱怨包括工作人員沒(méi)有對(duì)吸煙者進(jìn)行監(jiān)督)”可知，ShorelineAmphitheater需要解決吸煙的問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tipsfortheaudience部分“Formostshows,blanketsareallowed.(對(duì)于大多數(shù)演出，毛毯是允許的)”和“butinsectrepellent(殺蟲劑)isagoodidea.(但驅(qū)蟲劑是個(gè)好主意)”可知，觀眾可以帶毯子和驅(qū)蟲劑。故選C項(xiàng)。4．B5．C6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了夏溪中學(xué)和金伍德公園中學(xué)的學(xué)生們共同參與了一個(gè)名為“學(xué)生幫助退伍軍人的項(xiàng)目”，他們要為無(wú)家可歸的退伍軍人建立一個(gè)集合計(jì)劃的小房子。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Generouslocalcommunitydonationshelpedfundtheproject.(當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)慷慨的捐款幫助資助了該項(xiàng)目)”可知兵建房的錢來(lái)自于當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦呢暙I(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thestudentsandteacherspartneredtogethertocreatemuster-plannedtinyhomesintheHoustonareaforhomelessveterans.(學(xué)生和教師合作，在休斯頓地區(qū)為無(wú)家可歸的退伍軍人創(chuàng)建了集合計(jì)劃的小房子)”可知，學(xué)生幫助退伍軍人。再根據(jù)第三段“Intheend,theywanttobuildacommunitywhereveteranscanbesurroundedbyotherveteranneighborswhounderstandtheirdifficultiesandissues.(最后，他們希望建立一個(gè)社區(qū)，讓退伍軍人可以被理解他們的困難和問(wèn)題的其他退伍軍人鄰居包圍)”可知，項(xiàng)目的最終目標(biāo)是組成一個(gè)由退伍軍人組成的社區(qū)。故選C項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““Wehavetoappreciatetheveteransforprotectingusandgivingusthefreedomandrightsthatweenjoy,”sheaddedwhenexplainingherownpurposetotakepartintheproject.(“我們必須感謝退伍軍人保護(hù)我們，給予我們所享有的自由和權(quán)利，”她在解釋自己參與該項(xiàng)目的目的時(shí)補(bǔ)充道)”可知，莎拉·達(dá)爾比要加入這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是因?yàn)樗蛲宋檐娙吮硎揪匆?。故選D項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Atinyhomeisinvaluabletothosewhohavenothing.Johnwasclearlyexcitedwithhisnew,cleanandfullyfurnishedhome.(對(duì)于一無(wú)所有的人來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)小小的家是無(wú)價(jià)的。約翰顯然對(duì)他那干凈、家具齊全的新家感到興奮)”可知，我們知道這個(gè)項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)使更多的退伍軍人受益。故選B項(xiàng)。8．A9．C10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了飛機(jī)飛行員、船長(zhǎng)和應(yīng)急響應(yīng)人員使用的國(guó)際遇險(xiǎn)信號(hào)“Mayday”的發(fā)明過(guò)程以及其重要性。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“InMay2020,thepilotofPakistanInternationalAirlinesFlightPK8303gavethehorrible“Mayday”signal.“Wehavelosttwoengines“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday,”werethepilots’lastwords,accordingto“BusinessInsider”Ninety-sevenpeopledied.“Mayday”isaninternationaldistress

signalusedbyairplanepilotsandboatcaptains.(2020年5月，巴基斯坦國(guó)際航空公司PK8303航班的飛行員發(fā)出了可怕的“求救”信號(hào)我們失去了兩個(gè)引擎“求救，求救，求救”是飛行員的遺言，據(jù)《商業(yè)內(nèi)幕》報(bào)道，97人死亡“求救信號(hào)”是飛機(jī)駕駛員和船長(zhǎng)使用的一種國(guó)際求救信號(hào))”可推知，作者用巴基斯坦飛行員的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明“Mayday”是用來(lái)發(fā)出求救信號(hào)的。故選A項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ShipscommunicatedthroughtelegraphusingMorsecode,andthistechnologymade“SOS”unmistakable.However,aircraftpilotsusedradiocalls,and“SOS”owingtoitsconsonantscouldbemisheardasotherletters,like“F”.(船舶使用莫爾斯電碼通過(guò)電報(bào)進(jìn)行通信，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)使“SOS”無(wú)誤。然而，飛機(jī)飛行員使用無(wú)線電呼叫，“SOS”由于其輔音可能會(huì)被誤認(rèn)為是其他字母，如“F”)”可知，不使用“SOS”作為飛機(jī)遇險(xiǎn)呼叫是因?yàn)樗赡茉跓o(wú)線電通話中被誤解。故選C項(xiàng)。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“SoFrederickMockford,aseniorradioofficerinLondon,wasputinchargeoffindingapropercodeword.HereasonedthatbecausesomuchoftheairtrafficflewbetweenCroydonandLeBourgetAirportinParis.ItmightmakesensetouseawordthathasbeendevelopedfromaFrenchword.Hecameupwith“Mayday”,theFrenchpronunciationof“m’aider”(helpme)whichitselfisaclearversionof“venezm’aider,”(comehelpme)(因此，倫敦高級(jí)無(wú)線電官員弗雷德里克·莫克·福特（FrederickMockford）負(fù)責(zé)尋找合適的密碼。他認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)榘屠杩肆_伊登機(jī)場(chǎng)和布爾歇機(jī)場(chǎng)之間的空中交通量很大。使用從法語(yǔ)單詞發(fā)展而來(lái)的單詞可能有意義。他提出了“求救”，法語(yǔ)發(fā)音為“m'aider”（幫助我），這本身就是“venezm'aider”（來(lái)幫助我）的清晰版本)”可知，Mayday是由Frederick創(chuàng)造的。故選D項(xiàng)。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Givenitsimportance,mostpeoplerespectthe“Mayday”signalanduseitonlywhencompletelynecessary.(鑒于它的重要性，大多數(shù)人尊重“求救”信號(hào)，只有在完全必要時(shí)才使用它)”可知，最后一段作者主要告訴讀者謹(jǐn)慎使用“Mayday”。故選A項(xiàng)。12．B13．B14．A15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要是關(guān)于為貧困兒童提供膳食的問(wèn)題。作者呼吁更多的幫助或捐款。12．主旨大意題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)第一段“they’relackingmealsthatwereformerlyprovidedforthembyschools.Two-thirdsofthe31millionAmericankidswhoregularlyeatschoollunchesdependheavilyonthosemealstonourishtheirbodies.(他們?nèi)鄙僖郧皩W(xué)校為他們提供的膳食。在3100萬(wàn)經(jīng)常吃學(xué)校午餐的美國(guó)兒童中，三分之二的人嚴(yán)重依賴學(xué)校午餐來(lái)滋養(yǎng)身體)”可知，這篇文章主要討論的問(wèn)題是為貧困兒童提供膳食。故選B項(xiàng)。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Suchprogramsuseotherlocationsasmealservicesites,suchaslibrariesandcommunitycorners,buttheissueistheclosureofmanyofthesepublicsiteswhichishappeningatarapidrate.(這類項(xiàng)目使用其他地點(diǎn)作為餐飲服務(wù)場(chǎng)所，如圖書館和社區(qū)角，但問(wèn)題是這些公共場(chǎng)所的關(guān)閉速度很快)”像無(wú)縫暑假這樣的項(xiàng)目面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是何時(shí)關(guān)閉公共場(chǎng)所。故選B項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“theCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)havestatedthatadministratorsshould‘‘designnewstrategiestoavoidprovidingmealsinsettingswherepeoplemightgatherinagrouporcrowd(疾病控制和預(yù)防中心（CDC）表示，管理者應(yīng)“設(shè)計(jì)新策略，避免在人群聚集的環(huán)境中提供膳食)”可知，grab-and-go策略的目的是避免人群聚集。故選A項(xiàng)。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’simportanttorememberthisandtocontinuedonating,supporting,andshowingmercytolessfortunateindividualsinlimesofdifficulty.Itshouldn’tbeleftentirelytoschooladministratorstofigureouthowtofeedhungrychildren,everycommunityhasadutytoensurethishappens(重要的是要記住這一點(diǎn)，并繼續(xù)捐贈(zèng)、支持和憐憫處于困境中的不幸者。不應(yīng)該完全由學(xué)校管理者來(lái)決定如何喂養(yǎng)饑餓的兒童，每個(gè)社區(qū)都有責(zé)任確保這一點(diǎn)的實(shí)現(xiàn))”可知，最后一段作者打算呼吁更多的幫助或捐款。故選C項(xiàng)。16．D17．G18．F19．C20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章圍繞一個(gè)主題展開討論學(xué)會(huì)傾聽(tīng)的重要性。16．根據(jù)上文“Astudyshowsthattheaveragepersonkeepsonlyabout25%ofwhatheorshehears(一項(xiàng)研究表明，普通人只保留了他或她聽(tīng)到的25%左右)”可知這就意味著我們會(huì)失去很多信息，前后文連貫。D選項(xiàng)“這意味著我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了信息?！狈项}意，連接上文。故選D。17．根據(jù)原文第二段“Theattitudeofknowingitall.Listeningisoneofthemosteffectivewaystolearnandgrow.However,sometimesweliketothinkthatwe’vealreadygotitallfiguredout.Sowedon’tallowtheknowledge,ideas,opinions,etc.ofotherstoenterintoourmindsandhearts.Sadly,we’rewrong.Therearedifferentopinionsandexperiences.(無(wú)所不知的態(tài)度。傾聽(tīng)是學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)最有效的方式之一。然而，有時(shí)我們喜歡認(rèn)為我們已經(jīng)把一切都弄明白了。因此，我們不允許他人的知識(shí)、想法、觀點(diǎn)等進(jìn)入我們的頭腦和心靈。可悲的是，我們錯(cuò)了。有不同的觀點(diǎn)和經(jīng)驗(yàn))”可知，此處講的是聆聽(tīng)是學(xué)習(xí)的途徑，我們總認(rèn)為自己搞清了一切而拒絕別人的想法等內(nèi)容。但事實(shí)上“Sadly,we’rewrong”后講了不同的觀點(diǎn)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們應(yīng)該從別人身上學(xué)到新的東西，向他人學(xué)習(xí)。G選項(xiàng)“所以我們總是有新的東西可以向別人學(xué)習(xí)。”符合題意。故選G。18．根據(jù)上文“Frankly,it’seasytogetabsorbedinourownworldspopulatedbyourownthoughts,values,ideas,opinions,etc.(坦率地說(shuō)，我們很容易被自己的思想、價(jià)值觀、想法、觀點(diǎn)等所占據(jù)的世界所吸引)”中的關(guān)鍵詞“ourownworlds”，以及后文“eachindividualhashisownuniverse”可知，前后文對(duì)應(yīng)，此處應(yīng)填寫與自己的宇宙有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。F選項(xiàng)“從某種意義上說(shuō)，我們是自己宇宙的中心?！狈项}意。故選F項(xiàng)。19．結(jié)合設(shè)空處后“Sometimeswesimplycan’tconcentrateourattention.Thereisnoshortageofthingsthatattractourattentiontoday,particularlywiththenumberofsmartphones,appstextmessages,shortvideosandsoondrawingourattentionawayfrompeopleinthefleshtothescreen.Wemayalsosimplygetlostinthoughtwhensomeoneisspeakingtous.(有時(shí)我們根本無(wú)法集中注意力。如今，吸引我們注意力的東西并不短缺，特別是智能手機(jī)、應(yīng)用程序、短信、短視頻等的數(shù)量將我們的注意力從肉體的人轉(zhuǎn)移到了屏幕上。當(dāng)有人跟我們說(shuō)話時(shí)，我們也可能只是陷入沉思)”可知，該段的中心意思為我們不能集中注意，手機(jī)吸引了我們的注意。而C選項(xiàng)“一種心不在焉的狀態(tài)”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。20．結(jié)合設(shè)空處前文“Thetruthis,nomatterhowwellwemaylistennow,listeningisaskillthatcanbedeveloped(事實(shí)是，無(wú)論我們現(xiàn)在聽(tīng)得多么好，傾聽(tīng)都是一種可以培養(yǎng)的技能)”因此接下來(lái)會(huì)圍繞“培養(yǎng)”來(lái)闡述，因此A選項(xiàng)“練習(xí)能提高成績(jī)”符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。21．D22．A23．C24．D25．C26．B27．B28．C29．C30．A31．C32．B33．A34．A35．D36．A37．A38．D39．B40．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了墨西哥女孩Erica阻止世界上最富有的礦產(chǎn)公司在自己的家鄉(xiāng)修建化工廠，使自己的家鄉(xiāng)遠(yuǎn)離化工污染的故事。21．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一個(gè)出生在墨西哥的年輕女孩堅(jiān)持正確的立場(chǎng)，取得了意想不到的成就。A.putup張貼；B.cameup出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；C.gotup起床；D.stoodup為……挺身而出。根據(jù)空后“forwhatwasright”以及后文Erica為自己的家鄉(xiāng)挺身而出的事可知，此處表示堅(jiān)持自己的立場(chǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：艾麗卡在Michoacan出生和長(zhǎng)大。A.raised養(yǎng)育；B.taken帶走；C.buried埋葬；D.brought帶來(lái)。根據(jù)上文“Ericawasbornand”以及結(jié)合句意可知，Erica在墨西哥的Michoacan出生并在她12歲之前在那里被撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大。故選A項(xiàng)。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)，她的家人搬到了美國(guó)的一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)城市。A.reached到達(dá)；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)向；C.moved移動(dòng)；D.staved饑餓。根據(jù)上文“raisedinMichoacan”以及下文“toanAmericanagriculturecity”可知，此處表示搬家。故選C項(xiàng)。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)最大的問(wèn)題之一是她的父母和她自己都不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。A.adventures冒險(xiǎn)；B.sufferings苦難；C.dreams夢(mèng)想；D.problems問(wèn)題。根據(jù)下文“atthetimewasthatneitherherparentsnorherselfcouldspeakEnglish”可知，她父母和她都不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，所以語(yǔ)言成了他們最大的問(wèn)題之一。故選D項(xiàng)。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)幾年了，畢業(yè)于芝加哥大學(xué)，成績(jī)很好。A.came來(lái)；B.left離開；C.graduated畢業(yè)；D.kept保持。根據(jù)空后“fromChicagoUniversity”可知，此處表示畢業(yè)于芝加哥大學(xué)。故選C項(xiàng)。26．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，艱苦的生活和種族偏見(jiàn)迫使他們返回墨西哥。A.Besides除此之外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Moreover此外。根據(jù)上文“graduatedfromChicagoUniversitywithgoodgrades.”以及下文“racialprejudice”可知，此處表示“苦練英語(yǔ)從芝加哥大學(xué)畢業(yè)”和“因?yàn)槠缫暡坏貌换剜l(xiāng)工作的對(duì)比”。故選B項(xiàng)。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，艱苦的生活和種族偏見(jiàn)迫使他們返回墨西哥。A.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；B.return返回；C.live生活；D.want想要。結(jié)合文意以及下文“whereshestartedhernewcareer.”可知，主人公因?yàn)樯钇D苦和種族歧視返回了墨西哥。故選B項(xiàng)。28．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她意外地得到消息，世界上最富有的礦業(yè)公司將在她的家鄉(xiāng)建造一座化工廠。A.widely廣泛地；B.formally正式地；C.accidentally意外地；D.uniquely特別地。根據(jù)下文“gotnewsthattherichestminingcompanyintheworldwouldbuildachemicalfactoryinherhometown”以及句意可知，此處表示她意外的得到消息。故選C項(xiàng)。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們之所以選擇Michoacan，是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)項(xiàng)目在那些發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)被拒絕了。A.activity活動(dòng)；B.campaign戰(zhàn)役，運(yùn)動(dòng)；C.programme項(xiàng)目；D.statement陳述。根據(jù)后文第15個(gè)空后的復(fù)現(xiàn)詞“thisprogramme”可知，此處表示這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它每年造成大量的空氣污染。A.Pollution污染；B.harm傷害；C.damage損害；D.hurt受傷。此處“airpollution”意為空氣污染，其他選項(xiàng)不符合用語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。故選A項(xiàng)。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不僅影響奧克斯納德定居者的健康，而且影響他們的收成。A.disease疾病；B.emotion情感；C.health健康；D.freedom自由。根據(jù)上文“airpollution”可知，空氣污染會(huì)威脅生命健康。故選C項(xiàng)。32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一些當(dāng)?shù)厝伺d奮地慶祝更多的賺錢機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)樗麄儾恢勒嫦?。A.astonished吃驚的；B.excited興奮的；C.depressed蕭條的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)下文“morechancesofmakingmoney”可知，由于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目給當(dāng)?shù)厝藥?lái)了財(cái)富，所以當(dāng)?shù)厝藭?huì)興高采烈。故選B項(xiàng)。33．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：看到她的家鄉(xiāng)將被利用，艾麗卡決定采取一些措施。A.takenadvantageof利用；B.takencareof照顧；C.takenchargeof負(fù)責(zé)；D.takenholdof抓住。根據(jù)下文“Ericadecidedtodosomethingaboutit”以及句意可知，看到她的家鄉(xiāng)會(huì)被人利用，Erica決定做點(diǎn)什么。故選A項(xiàng)。34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：艾麗卡與外國(guó)環(huán)保組織聯(lián)手。A.foreign外國(guó)的；B.downtown市中心的；C.religious宗教的；D.local當(dāng)?shù)氐?。結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，保護(hù)環(huán)境的組織應(yīng)該是國(guó)外的。故選A項(xiàng)。35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Erica與國(guó)外環(huán)保組織聯(lián)手，向媒體伸出援手，報(bào)道這一不公平現(xiàn)象，阻止該計(jì)劃通過(guò)。A.protect保護(hù)；B.break打破；C.fight打斗；D.prevent阻止。根據(jù)上文“Ericajoinedforceswithforeignenvironmentalprotectionorganizations,andreachedouttothemediatoreportthisunfairness”可知Erica采取的措施是為了阻止該項(xiàng)目的通過(guò)，且“prevent……from……”是固定搭配，意為“阻止……”。故選D項(xiàng)。36．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她還召集了250多名高中生在街上游行。A.gathered聚集；B.commanded命令；C.forced強(qiáng)迫；D.collected收藏。根據(jù)下文“highschoolstudents”客制化，Erica集結(jié)高中生游行抗議。故選A項(xiàng)。37．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她激動(dòng)人心的演講之后，她所有的努力都取得了成功。A.successful成功的；B.worthwhile值得的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.true真實(shí)的。根據(jù)下文“theirsuccess”可知，她所有的努力都成功了。故選A項(xiàng)。38．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：正是艾麗卡的勇氣和決心促成了他們的成功。A.cameto想起；B.referredto參考；C.addedto增加；D.contributedto促成。根據(jù)上文“Erica’scourageanddetermination”可知，此處表示正是Erica的勇氣和決心促成了他們的成功。故選D項(xiàng)。39．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾麗卡在她年輕的時(shí)候就把她的家鄉(xiāng)從一個(gè)糟糕的處境中拯救了出來(lái)。A.association協(xié)會(huì)；B.situation情況；C.occasion時(shí)機(jī)；D.emergency緊急情況。根據(jù)上文“savedherhometownfromabad”可知，此處表示糟糕的處境。故選B項(xiàng)。40．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但最重要的是，她正在教我們?nèi)绾我哉_的方式生活：關(guān)心我們的家園，我們可以有所作為！A.importantly重要地；B.curiously好奇地；C.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.simply簡(jiǎn)單地。根據(jù)下文“sheisteachingushowtolivelifeintherightway”可知，此處表示她教會(huì)我們的最重要的事是如何正確的生活。故選A項(xiàng)。41．havebecome42．that43．beallowed44．themselves45．playing46．permission47．a(chǎn)gainst48．society49．properly50．tofix【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。到目前為止，手機(jī)在中學(xué)生中越來(lái)越受歡迎，對(duì)此家長(zhǎng)和老師表示了極大的關(guān)注。這一直是一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，所以今年2月，中國(guó)教育部頒布了一條規(guī)定，不允許中小學(xué)生攜帶手機(jī)到學(xué)校。文章主要說(shuō)明了家長(zhǎng)和學(xué)生對(duì)此