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資料整理【淘寶店鋪:向陽(yáng)百分百】資料整理【淘寶店鋪:向陽(yáng)百分百】→?題型突破←→?專(zhuān)題精練←題型一反比例函數(shù)的基本性質(zhì)1.下列函數(shù)中,為反比例函數(shù)的是()A. B. C. D.【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的定義即可得出答案.【詳解】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)解析式的三種形式:,,,其中;A.為正比例函數(shù),錯(cuò)誤;B.為正比例函數(shù),錯(cuò)誤;C.不是反比例函數(shù),錯(cuò)誤;D.是反比例函數(shù),正確;故答案選D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查反比例函數(shù)的判斷,熟練掌握函數(shù)解析式的三種形式是本題解題關(guān)鍵.2.若函數(shù)的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)A(-1,2),則的值為()A.1 B.-1 C.2 D.-2【答案】D【分析】把已知點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)代入計(jì)算即可.【詳解】∵函數(shù)的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)A(-1,2),∴,∴k=-2;故選D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)與點(diǎn)的關(guān)系,根據(jù)圖像過(guò)點(diǎn),點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)滿足函數(shù)的解析式求解是解題的關(guān)鍵.3.下列函數(shù):①y=﹣2x;②y=;③y=x﹣1;④y=5x2+1,是反比例函數(shù)的個(gè)數(shù)有()A.0個(gè) B.1個(gè) C.2個(gè) D.3個(gè)【答案】C【分析】利用反比例函數(shù)定義可得答案.【詳解】解:①y=﹣2x是正比例函數(shù);②y=是反比例函數(shù);③y=x﹣1是反比例函數(shù);④y=5x2+1是二次函數(shù),反比例函數(shù)共2個(gè),故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】此題主要考查了反比例函數(shù)定義,關(guān)鍵是掌握形如y=(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的函數(shù)稱(chēng)為反比例函數(shù).4.下式中表示是的反比例函數(shù)的是()A. B. C. D.【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的概念:形如y=(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的函數(shù)稱(chēng)為反比例函數(shù).其中x是自變量,y是函數(shù)進(jìn)行分析即可.【詳解】解:A、是一次函數(shù),錯(cuò)誤;
B、是二次函數(shù),錯(cuò)誤;
C、中,y是x2的反比例函數(shù),錯(cuò)誤;
D、表示y是x的反比例函數(shù),故此選項(xiàng)正確.
故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了反比例函數(shù)定義,關(guān)鍵是掌握反比例函數(shù)的形式.5.已知反比例函數(shù)的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)P(3,2),則下列各點(diǎn)在這個(gè)函數(shù)圖象上的是()A.(-3,-2) B.(3,-2) C.(2,-3) D.(-2,3)【答案】A【分析】求出反比例函數(shù)解析式,代入即可.【詳解】解:把點(diǎn)P(3,2)代入得,,解得,,反比例函數(shù)解析式為:,把(-3,-2)代入,左邊=-2,右邊=,左邊=右邊,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了待定系數(shù)法求反比例函數(shù)解析式,解題關(guān)鍵是熟練運(yùn)用待定系數(shù)法求解析式.6.若函數(shù)是反比例函數(shù),則m的值為()A.m=-2B.m=1C.m=2或m=1D.m=-2或m=-1【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)定義可知解得∴m=-2.故選A.7.若函數(shù)y=(3﹣k)是反比例函數(shù),那么k的值是()A.0 B.3 C.0或3 D.不能確定【答案】A【分析】直接利用反比例函數(shù)的定義分析得出答案.【詳解】解:∵函數(shù)y=(3﹣k)是反比例函數(shù),∴k2﹣3k﹣1=﹣1,3﹣k≠0,解得:k1=0,k2=3,(不合題意舍去)那么k的值是:0.故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的定義,正確把握定義是解題的關(guān)鍵.8.已知點(diǎn)在反比例函數(shù)的圖象上,則的值是()A.50 B.2 C. D.【答案】C【分析】將點(diǎn)代入反比例函數(shù),即可求出m的值.【詳解】解:將點(diǎn)代入反比例函數(shù)得,.故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征,掌握所有在反比例函數(shù)上的點(diǎn)的橫縱坐標(biāo)的符合函數(shù)的解析式是解題的關(guān)鍵.9.下列關(guān)系式中,不是y關(guān)于x的反比例函數(shù)的是()A.xy=2 B.y= C.x= D.x=5y﹣1【答案】B【分析】形如y=(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的函數(shù),叫反比例函數(shù),根據(jù)以上定義逐個(gè)判斷即可.【詳解】解:A.∵xy=2,∴y=,即y是關(guān)于x的反比例函數(shù),故本選項(xiàng)不符合題意;B.∵y=,∴y是關(guān)于x的正比例函數(shù),不是y關(guān)于x的反比例函數(shù),故本選項(xiàng)符合題意;C.∵x=,∴y=,即y是關(guān)于x的反比例函數(shù),故本選項(xiàng)不符合題意;D.∵x=5y﹣1,∴y=,即y是關(guān)于x的反比例函數(shù),故本選項(xiàng)不符合題意;故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的定義,解題關(guān)鍵是明確形如y=(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的函數(shù),叫反比例函數(shù),根據(jù)定義判斷即可.10.若反比例函數(shù)的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn),則的取值范圍是()A. B. C. D.【答案】D【分析】將點(diǎn)代入反比例函數(shù)解析式得到,再由a≠0即可得到k的取值范圍.【詳解】解:將點(diǎn)代入反比例函數(shù)中得:,∴,又∵反比例函數(shù)的圖象與坐標(biāo)軸無(wú)交點(diǎn),∴,∴,故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的特征,解題的關(guān)鍵是將點(diǎn)代入反比例函數(shù)解析式,并能判定a≠0.11.已知點(diǎn),都在反比例函數(shù)的圖象上,且,則,的關(guān)系是()A. B. C. D.【答案】A【分析】先判斷兩個(gè)點(diǎn)是否在同一象限內(nèi),然后根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的增減性解答即可.【詳解】∵點(diǎn),都在反比例函數(shù)的圖象上,∴,圖象位于第二、四象限內(nèi),且隨增大而增大,∵,∴點(diǎn)在第四象限,點(diǎn)在第二象限,∴,故選:A【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了反比例函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),解題的關(guān)鍵是熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),并會(huì)用數(shù)形結(jié)合的思想解決問(wèn)題.12.函數(shù)的圖象大致是()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)圖象的特點(diǎn),以原點(diǎn)為對(duì)稱(chēng)中心的中心對(duì)稱(chēng)的兩條曲線,因?yàn)镋MBEDEquation.DSMT4,即可得出結(jié)論.【詳解】∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是反比例函數(shù),其中EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴函數(shù)圖象是雙曲線,位于第一、第三象限,只有B選項(xiàng)符合題意,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的圖象特點(diǎn),正確掌握?qǐng)D象的特點(diǎn)是解題的關(guān)鍵.13.若反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則該函數(shù)圖象位于()A.第一、二象限 B.第二、四象限 C.第三、四象限 D.第一、三象限【答案】D【分析】先求出k,然后根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的圖象特征即可解答.【詳解】解:∵反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴k=(-2)×(-3)=6>0∴該函數(shù)圖像位于第一、三象限.故選D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象,對(duì)于反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,當(dāng)k>0,函數(shù)圖象在一、三象限;當(dāng)k<0,函數(shù)圖象在二、四象限.14.下列說(shuō)法正確的是()①反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中自變量x的取值范圍是EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;②點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上;③反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象,在每一個(gè)象限內(nèi),y隨x的增大而增大.A.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.①②③【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)可直接進(jìn)行判斷求解.【詳解】解:①反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中自變量x的取值范圍是EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,正確;②把EMBEDEquation.DSMT4代入反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,正確;③由反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4可得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則有在每一個(gè)象限內(nèi),y隨x的增大而減小,錯(cuò)誤;∴說(shuō)法正確的有①②;故選A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì),熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.15.反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象如圖所示,以下結(jié)論:①常數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;②若函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象與EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象關(guān)于y軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;③若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;④若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4也在圖象上.其中正確的結(jié)論個(gè)數(shù)有是()A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)得到EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則可對(duì)①③進(jìn)行判斷;根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征對(duì)②④進(jìn)行判斷.【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4反比例函數(shù)圖象經(jīng)過(guò)第一、三象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,所以①錯(cuò)誤;EMBEDEquation.DSMT4函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象與EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象關(guān)于EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸對(duì)稱(chēng),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,所以②正確;EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在圖象上,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在第三象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在第一象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,所以③正確;EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4也在圖象上,所以④正確.故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征:反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4為常數(shù),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象是雙曲線,圖象上的點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的橫縱坐標(biāo)的積是定值EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.16.(2023·內(nèi)蒙古通遼·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖像上,且EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則下列結(jié)論一定正確的是(
)A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】D【分析】把點(diǎn)A和點(diǎn)B的坐標(biāo)代入解析式,根據(jù)條件可判斷出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系.【詳解】解:∵點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4)是反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖像上的兩點(diǎn),∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故D正確.故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查反比例函數(shù)圖像上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征,掌握?qǐng)D像上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)滿足函數(shù)解析式是解題的關(guān)鍵.17.雙曲線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4有三個(gè)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)反比例的圖象與性質(zhì)即可得.【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是雙曲線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上的三個(gè)點(diǎn),且EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,又EMBEDEquation.DSMT4當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4隨EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的增大而減小,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例的圖象與性質(zhì),熟練掌握反比例的圖象與性質(zhì)是解題關(guān)鍵.18.下列說(shuō)法正確的是()A.函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象是過(guò)原點(diǎn)的射線 B.直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4經(jīng)過(guò)第一?二?三象限C.函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,y隨x增大而增大 D.函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,y隨x增大而減小【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)一次函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)、反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)逐項(xiàng)判斷即可得.【詳解】A、函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象是過(guò)原點(diǎn)的直線,則此項(xiàng)說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,不符題意;B、直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4經(jīng)過(guò)第一?二?四象限,則此項(xiàng)說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,不符題意;C、函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4隨EMBEDEquation.DSMT4增大而增大,則此項(xiàng)說(shuō)法正確,符合題意;D、函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4隨EMBEDEquation.DSMT4增大而增大,則此項(xiàng)說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,不符題意;故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了一次函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)、反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì),熟練掌握一次函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)、反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)是解題關(guān)鍵.19.(2023·湖北宜昌·統(tǒng)考中考真題)某反比例函數(shù)圖象上四個(gè)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系為(
)A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】C【分析】先根據(jù)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4求出反比例函數(shù)的解析式,再根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)即可得.【詳解】解:設(shè)反比例函數(shù)的解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,將點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4代入得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則反比例函數(shù)的解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,所以這個(gè)函數(shù)的圖象位于第二、四象限,且在每一象限內(nèi),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4隨EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的增大而增大,又EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,且EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了求反比例函數(shù)的解析式、反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì),熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)是解題關(guān)鍵.20.(2023·浙江嘉興·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4均在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)解答即可.【詳解】解:∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴圖象在一三象限,且在每個(gè)象限內(nèi)y隨x的增大而減小,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì),反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(k是常數(shù),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4)的圖象是雙曲線,當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,反比例函數(shù)圖象的兩個(gè)分支在第一、三象限,在每一象限內(nèi),y隨x的增大而減??;當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,反比例函數(shù)圖象的兩個(gè)分支在第二、四象限,在每一象限內(nèi),y隨x的增大而增大.21.若點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系為()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】C【分析】分別把EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4代入反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4求解EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,再比較大小即可得到答案.【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4>EMBEDEquation.DSMT4>EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查的是反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì),求解反比例函數(shù)值以及函數(shù)值的大小比較,掌握以上知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.22.若點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖像上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】A【分析】將點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)代入解析式分別求的EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,從而比較大小.【詳解】解:將EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4分別代入EMBEDEquation.DSMT4得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征,解題的關(guān)鍵是將y的值求出進(jìn)行比較,本題屬于基礎(chǔ)題型.23.下列各點(diǎn)中,在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征進(jìn)行判斷.【詳解】解:∵1×2=2,-2×1=-2,2×EMBEDEquation.DSMT4=1,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4×2=1,∴點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上的點(diǎn).故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征:反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的圖象是雙曲線,圖象上的點(diǎn)(x,y)的橫縱坐標(biāo)的積是定值k,即xy=k.24.(2023·云南·統(tǒng)考中考真題)若點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上一點(diǎn),則常數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值為(
)A.3 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】A【分析】將點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4代入反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即可求解.【詳解】解:∵點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上一點(diǎn),∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì),熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.25.(2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,其中a,k為常數(shù),且EMBEDEquation.DSMT4﹐則點(diǎn)M一定在(
)A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)中的EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,可知反比例函數(shù)經(jīng)過(guò)第一、三象限,再根據(jù)點(diǎn)M點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)判斷點(diǎn)M所在的象限,即可解答【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)第一、三象限,故點(diǎn)M可能在第一象限或者第三象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的橫坐標(biāo)大于0,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4一定在第一象限,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了判斷反比例函數(shù)所在的象限,判斷點(diǎn)所在的象限,熟知反比例函數(shù)的圖象所經(jīng)過(guò)的象限與k值的關(guān)系是解題的關(guān)鍵.26.下列各點(diǎn)中,在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上的是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】B【分析】利用反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征進(jìn)行判斷.【詳解】解:∵-2×(-6)=12,-2×6=-12,3×4=12,-4×(-3)=12,∴點(diǎn)(-2,6)在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上.故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征:反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的圖象是雙曲線;圖象上的點(diǎn)(x,y)的橫縱坐標(biāo)的積是定值k,即xy=k.27.若點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】D【分析】分別求出y1、y2與y3的值,然后進(jìn)行比較即可.【詳解】解:分別把x=-2、1、4代入EMBEDEquation.DSMT4得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;∴y1>y3>y2故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征,解題的關(guān)鍵是將y的值求出進(jìn)行比較,本題屬于基礎(chǔ)題型.28.下列函數(shù)中,表示EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的反比例函數(shù)的是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】D【分析】利用反比例函數(shù)定義進(jìn)行解答即可.【詳解】解:A、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4不是反比例函數(shù),故此選項(xiàng)不合題意;B、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,若a=0,則不是反比例函數(shù),故此選項(xiàng)不合題意;C、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,自變量的次數(shù)不為-1,不是反比例函數(shù),故此選項(xiàng)不合題意;D、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是反比例函數(shù),故此選項(xiàng)符合題意;故選D.【點(diǎn)睛】此題主要考查了反比例函數(shù)定義,關(guān)鍵是掌握形如EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(k為常數(shù),k≠0)的函數(shù)稱(chēng)為反比例函數(shù).29.已知EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象上三點(diǎn),若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則下列關(guān)系式不正確的是()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】A【分析】由EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在第三象限,點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在第一象限,然后根據(jù)各象限點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征對(duì)各選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行判斷.【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖象在一,三象限,在每個(gè)象限內(nèi),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4隨EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的增大而減小,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在第三象限,點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在第一象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4關(guān)系式不正確的是EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征,熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.30.在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中,當(dāng)x=1時(shí),y的值為()A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.1 D.-1【答案】A【分析】x=1時(shí)代入計(jì)算即可.【詳解】EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中,當(dāng)x=1時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.故選A【點(diǎn)睛】此題考查反比例函數(shù),掌握自變量和因變量的關(guān)系式解題的關(guān)鍵.31.(2023·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題)若點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的大小關(guān)系是(
)A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì),進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴雙曲線在二,四象限,在每一象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4隨EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的增大而增大;∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查反比例函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì).熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì),是解題的關(guān)鍵.32.(2023·湖北隨州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知蓄電池的電壓為定值,使用某蓄電池時(shí),電流I(單位:A)與電阻R(單位:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4)是反比例函數(shù)關(guān)系,它的圖象如圖所示,則當(dāng)電阻為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),電流為(
)
A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】B【分析】設(shè)該反比函數(shù)解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,根據(jù)當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,可得該反比函數(shù)解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,再把EMBEDEquation.DSMT4代入,即可求出電流I.【詳解】解:設(shè)該反比函數(shù)解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,由題意可知,當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4設(shè)該反比函數(shù)解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即電流為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),求出反比例函數(shù)解析式是解題關(guān)鍵.33.(2023·山西·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則a、b、c的關(guān)系是(
)A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】B【分析】先根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)中EMBEDEquation.DSMT4判斷出函數(shù)圖象所在的象限及增減性,再根據(jù)各點(diǎn)橫坐標(biāo)的特點(diǎn)即可得出結(jié)論.【詳解】解:∵反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴函數(shù)圖象的兩個(gè)分支分別位于一、三象限,且在每一象限內(nèi)y隨x的增大而減小.∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4位于第三象限,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4位于第一象限,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查的是反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特點(diǎn),熟知反比例函數(shù)圖象上各點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)一定適合此函數(shù)的解析式是解答此題的關(guān)鍵.34.(2023·湖北·統(tǒng)考中考真題)在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上有兩點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),有EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的取值范圍是(
)A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)題意可得反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象在一三象限,進(jìn)而可得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解不等式即可求解.【詳解】解:∵當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),有EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象在一三象限,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)圖象的性質(zhì),根據(jù)題意得出反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象在一三象限是解題的關(guān)鍵.35.(2023·廣東·統(tǒng)考中考真題)某蓄電池的電壓為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,使用此蓄電池時(shí),電流EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(單位:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4)與電阻EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(單位:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4)的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值為_(kāi)______EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.【答案】4【分析】將EMBEDEquation.DSMT4代入EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中計(jì)算即可;【詳解】解:∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4故答案為:4.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查已知自變量的值求函數(shù)值,掌握代入求值的方法是解題的關(guān)鍵.36.(2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題)若點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4_______EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(填“EMBEDEquation.DSMT4”或“EMBEDEquation.DSMT4”).【答案】EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【分析】根據(jù)題意求得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,進(jìn)而即可求解.【詳解】解:∵點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故答案為:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了比較反比例函數(shù)值,熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.37.(2023·河北·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,已知點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像的一支與線段EMBEDEquation.DSMT4有交點(diǎn),寫(xiě)出一個(gè)符合條件的k的數(shù)值:_________.
【答案】4(答案不唯一,滿足EMBEDEquation.DSMT4均可)【分析】先分別求得反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像過(guò)A、B時(shí)k的值,從而確定k的取值范圍,然后確定符合條件k的值即可.【詳解】解:當(dāng)反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像過(guò)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;當(dāng)反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像過(guò)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;∴k的取值范圍為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴k可以取4.故答案為:4(答案不唯一,滿足EMBEDEquation.DSMT4均可).【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了求反比例函數(shù)的解析式,確定邊界點(diǎn)的k的值是解答本題的關(guān)鍵.題型二反比例函數(shù)中K的幾何意義38.(2023·湖南·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,O是坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),點(diǎn)A是反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像上的一點(diǎn),過(guò)點(diǎn)A分別作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于點(diǎn)M,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于直N,若四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的面積為2.則k的值是(
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A.2 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.1 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】A【分析】證明四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是矩形,根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的EMBEDEquation.DSMT4值的幾何意義,即可解答.【詳解】解:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于點(diǎn)M,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于直N,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是矩形,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的面積為2,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4反比例函數(shù)在第一、三象限,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了矩形的判定,反比例函數(shù)的EMBEDEquation.DSMT4值的幾何意義,熟知在一個(gè)反比例函數(shù)圖像上任取一點(diǎn),過(guò)點(diǎn)分別作x軸,y軸的垂線段,與坐標(biāo)軸圍成的矩形面積為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是解題的關(guān)鍵.39.(2023·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4與EMBEDEquation.DSMT4關(guān)于直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4對(duì)稱(chēng),反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象與EMBEDEquation.DSMT4交于點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值為(
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A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】A【分析】過(guò)點(diǎn)B作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸,根據(jù)題意得出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,再由特殊角的三角函數(shù)及等腰三角形的判定和性質(zhì)得出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,利用各角之間的關(guān)系EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,確定EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,B,O三點(diǎn)共線,結(jié)合圖形確定EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,然后代入反比例函數(shù)解析式即可.【詳解】解:如圖所示,過(guò)點(diǎn)B作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸,
∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4與EMBEDEquation.DSMT4關(guān)于直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4對(duì)稱(chēng),∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,B,O三點(diǎn)共線,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,將其代入EMBEDEquation.DSMT4得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】題目主要考查等腰三角形的判定和性質(zhì),特殊角的三角函數(shù)及反比例函數(shù)的確定,理解題意,綜合運(yùn)用這些知識(shí)點(diǎn)是解題關(guān)鍵.40.(2023·湖南懷化·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象與過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4相交于EMBEDEquation.DSMT4、EMBEDEquation.DSMT4兩點(diǎn).已知點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸上任意一點(diǎn).如果EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,那么點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo)為(
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A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4或EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4或EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】D【分析】反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,可得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,進(jìn)而求得直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,得出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo),設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,根據(jù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解方程即可求解.【詳解】解:∵反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4設(shè)直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,聯(lián)立EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4或EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4或EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4或EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了一次函數(shù)與反比例數(shù)交點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,待定系數(shù)法求解析式,求得點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo)是解題的關(guān)鍵.41.(2023·湖南·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,矩形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的頂點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4和正方形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的頂點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4都在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖像上,點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo)為(
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A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】D【分析】根據(jù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4經(jīng)過(guò)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4確定解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,設(shè)正方形的邊長(zhǎng)為x,則點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,代入解析式計(jì)算即可.【詳解】∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4經(jīng)過(guò)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴解析式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,設(shè)正方形的邊長(zhǎng)為x,則點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(舍去),故點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的解析式,正方形的性質(zhì),解方程,熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.42.(2023·廣西·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,過(guò)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上點(diǎn)A,分別作x軸,y軸的平行線交EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象于B,D兩點(diǎn),以EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4為鄰邊的矩形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4被坐標(biāo)軸分割成四個(gè)小矩形,面積分別記為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值為(
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A.4 B.3 C.2 D.1【答案】C【分析】設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,根據(jù)坐標(biāo)求得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,推得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即可求得.【詳解】設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∵點(diǎn)A在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,同理∵B,D兩點(diǎn)在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象上,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4故EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,又∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì),矩形的面積公式等,熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.43.(2023·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,正方形四個(gè)頂點(diǎn)分別位于兩個(gè)反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4和EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象的四個(gè)分支上,則實(shí)數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值為()
A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.3【答案】A【分析】如圖所示,點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上,證明EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,根據(jù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的幾何意義即可求解.【詳解】解:如圖所示,連接正方形的對(duì)角線,過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4分別作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸的垂線,垂足分別為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上,
∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)在第二象限,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了正方形的性質(zhì),反比例函數(shù)的EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的幾何意義,熟練掌握以上知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.44.(2023·湖南張家界·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,矩形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的頂點(diǎn)A,C分別在y軸、x軸的正半軸上,點(diǎn)D在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上,且EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)D及矩形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的對(duì)稱(chēng)中心M,連接EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的面積為3,則k的值為(
)
A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5【答案】C【分析】設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,根據(jù)矩形對(duì)稱(chēng)中心的性質(zhì)得出延長(zhǎng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4恰好經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)B,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,確定EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,然后結(jié)合圖形及反比例函數(shù)的意義,得出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,代入求解即可.【詳解】解:∵四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是矩形,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵矩形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的對(duì)稱(chēng)中心M,∴延長(zhǎng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4恰好經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)B,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,
∵點(diǎn)D在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上,且EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4在反比例函數(shù)的圖象上,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了矩形的性質(zhì),反比例函數(shù)圖象上點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特征,三角形的面積等知識(shí),熟練掌握和靈活運(yùn)用相關(guān)知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.45.(2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是等腰三角形,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4過(guò)原點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,底邊EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸,雙曲線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4過(guò)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4兩點(diǎn),過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸交雙曲線于點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值是(
)
A.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 B.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 C.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】C【分析】設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的中心對(duì)稱(chēng)性可得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,然后過(guò)點(diǎn)A作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4于E,求出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,點(diǎn)D的橫坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,再根據(jù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4列式求出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,進(jìn)而可得點(diǎn)D的縱坐標(biāo),將點(diǎn)D坐標(biāo)代入反比例函數(shù)解析式即可求出EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的值.【詳解】解:由題意,設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4過(guò)原點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,過(guò)點(diǎn)A作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4于E,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是等腰三角形,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,點(diǎn)D的橫坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵底邊EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴點(diǎn)D的縱坐標(biāo)為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.
【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),中心對(duì)稱(chēng)的性質(zhì),等腰三角形的性質(zhì)等知識(shí),設(shè)出點(diǎn)B坐標(biāo),正確表示出點(diǎn)D的坐標(biāo)是解題的關(guān)鍵.46.(2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,點(diǎn)A在y軸的正半軸上,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4平行于x軸,點(diǎn)B,C的橫坐標(biāo)都是3,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,點(diǎn)D在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上,且其橫坐標(biāo)為1,若反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4(EMBEDEquation.DSMT4)的圖像經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)B,D,則k的值是(
)A.1 B.2 C.3 D.EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【答案】C【分析】設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4根據(jù)反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì),列出等式計(jì)算即可.【詳解】設(shè)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵點(diǎn)B,C的橫坐標(biāo)都是3,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4平行于x軸,點(diǎn)D在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4上,且其橫坐標(biāo)為1,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了反比例函數(shù)解析式的確定,熟練掌握k的意義,反比例函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.47.(2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,點(diǎn)A在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像的一支上,點(diǎn)B在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像的一支上,點(diǎn)C,D在x軸上,若四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是面積為9的正方形,則實(shí)數(shù)k的值為_(kāi)_____.
【答案】EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【分析】如圖:由題意可得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,再根據(jù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4進(jìn)行計(jì)算即可解答.【詳解】解:如圖:
∵點(diǎn)A在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像的一支上,點(diǎn)B在反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4圖像的一支上,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4∵四邊形EMBEDEquation.DSMT4是面積為9的正方形,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,即EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,解得:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.故答案為:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了反比例函數(shù)k的幾何意義,掌握反比例函數(shù)圖像線上任意一點(diǎn)作x軸、y軸的垂線,它們與x軸、y軸所圍成的矩形面積為k的絕對(duì)值.48.(2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4與EMBEDEquation.DSMT4位于平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,若EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4恰好經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)C,則EMBEDEquation.DSMT4______.【答案】EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【分析】過(guò)點(diǎn)C作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于點(diǎn)D,由題意易得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,然后根據(jù)含30度直角三角形的性質(zhì)可進(jìn)行求解.【詳解】解:過(guò)點(diǎn)C作EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于點(diǎn)D,如圖所示:
∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,在EMBEDEquation.DSMT4中,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∵EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,故答案為:EMBEDEquation.DSMT4.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)及含30度直角三角形的性質(zhì),熟練掌握反比例函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)及含30度直角三角形的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.題型三反比例函數(shù)與一次函數(shù)49.(2023·甘肅蘭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4與一次函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象交于點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,EMBEDEquation.DSMT4軸于點(diǎn)D,分別交反比例函數(shù)與一次函數(shù)的圖象于點(diǎn)B,C.
(1)求反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4與一次函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的表達(dá)式;(2)當(dāng)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4時(shí),求線段EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的長(zhǎng).【答案】(1)反比例函數(shù)的表達(dá)式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;一次函數(shù)的表達(dá)式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;(2)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4【分析】(1)利用待定系數(shù)法即可求解;(2)先求得直線EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的表達(dá)式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,再分別求得EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的坐標(biāo),據(jù)此即可求解.【詳解】(1)解:∵反比例函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴反比例函數(shù)的表達(dá)式為EMBEDEquation.DSMT4;∵一次函數(shù)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4的圖象經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)EMBEDEquation.DSMT4,∴EMBEDEqua
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