初高中英語銜接語法入門定語從句解析

TheAttributiveClause

定語從句什么是定語？1、My

brotherlikesplayingbasketball.2、Ihavesomething

importanttotellyou.3、Theboy

inblueisTom.4、Thesmiling

boyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.5、Thedormitory

builtlastyearisforfreshmen.6、Thisisthenewdictionary

whichIboughtyesterday.定語：用來修飾名詞或代詞的成分，常譯為“…的”。Whatistheattributiveclause?本質上，它和形容詞是近親，都愛干一件事，修飾名詞.不同的是，形容詞是條小短褲，只能表達簡單的意思。而定語從句是更寬、更大的短褲，表達的意思更復雜、更具體。也正因為此，定語從句必須得系上腰帶，才能和被修飾的詞，緊緊地綁在一起。這腰帶就是關系詞關系詞又分為兩派：左邊這路是關系代詞，主要有這六個家伙右邊這路是關系副詞，有這三個家伙識別定語從句的各要素：Thisisthenewdictionary

(whichIboughtyesterday.)先行詞關系代詞定語從句Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolthismorning.知識小結：1.什么是定語從句？2.定語從句的兩個關鍵術語是：____和____3.關系詞包括：________和________4.關系代詞有：5.關系副詞有：先行詞關系詞關系代詞關系副詞關系代詞：that、which、who、whom、whose關系副詞：when、where、why關系代詞：that,which,who,whom,whose

引導的定語從句定語從句（一）Underline(劃出)theantecedent(先行詞),circle(圈出)therelativepronounandbracket(括出)theattributiveclause.Sheisagirlwho/thatisalwayshelpingothers.Herfatherisamanagerwho/thatworksinabigcompany.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Themanwhom/thatyousawjustnowisourmanager.Thisisthebookwhich/thatIboughtyesterday.Don’tcutdownthetreewhich/that

givesyoushade(陰涼).Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Groupwork：Eachgroupchoosesonestudentorateacherinourclassanddescribeshimorherusingtheattributiveclause.Eachstudentinyourgroupwritesasenenceaboutthisperson.Youcanbeginlikethis:

Heisaboywho/that/whose.....

Sheisagirlwho/that/whose.....關系代詞who,which,that在定語從句中作主語時,要注意定語從句中的主謂一致問題定語從句與寫作：用關系代詞引導的定語從句翻譯下列句子1.我有一個喜歡古典音樂的朋友。2.昨天他穿著我給他買的外套。3.我在看一本不太難的書。4.腿傷了的那個人過去是個足球運動員。5.我認識文章發(fā)表了的那個學生。6.杭州是我去年夏天去的地方。7.我不能忘記我們一起度過的那些快樂的日子。8.他看過教授談到的那本書。方法：利用縮句法先找出句子主干定語從句中需要注意的問題1.定語從句中的主謂一致問題2.定語從句中關系代詞的省略3.只能用關系代詞that引導定語從句的情況4.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

關系代詞who,which,that在定語從句中作主語時,要注意定語從句中的主謂一致問題，因為who/that/which指代先行詞,所以定語從句的謂語形式要與先行詞的單復數保持一致。(分析下列例句）a.Icametogetthebookthat/whichwasleftintheclassroom.b.Icametogetthebooksthat/whichwereleftintheclassroom.一、定語從句中的主謂一致問題練習：1.Sheisoneofthestudentswho_____(have)visitedBeijinginourclass.2.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____(have)visitedBeijinginourclass.3.Tomisafunnyboywho_______(like)funnystories.4.Doyouseetheboyswho______(be)playingfootballoverthere?havehavelikesare二、關系代詞的省略：Bracket(括出)therelativepronounsthatyouthinkcouldbeomitted（省略）inthefollowingsentences.1.Whoisthegirlthatstandsinthefrontofourclassroom?2.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthatwevisitedthreemonthsago?3.Intheshopwindowthereisasignthatsays"Tenpercentoff".4.ThecouplewhowemetinthebookstorejustnowhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.5.Thepaintingswhichtheoldmanhasinhishouseareworthabout$100,000.6.IwillneverforgetthedaysthatIspentontheislandlastyear.總結：當關系代詞在定語從句中做____時，可省略賓語三、只能用關系代詞that引導定語從句的情況先行詞為something,anything,everything,nothing,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,all,much等不定代詞時,用that.先行詞前有形容詞的最高級或序數詞時,用that.先行詞被thevery,theonly,thelast修飾時,用that.先行詞既有人也有物時,用that關系代詞在定語從句中做表語,只能用that,常可以省略。Thisisnotaneasyquestion(that)youthinktobe.在以which/who開頭的特殊疑問句中四、定語從句的分類先行詞和關系代詞中間沒有被逗號隔開的定語從句叫：先行詞和關系代詞中間有逗號隔開的定語從句叫：限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句Shedoesn'tlikestoriesthat/whichhaveunhappyendings.Shehasreadmanystories,whichgreatlybroadenherhorizon.1.Theroadconditionsturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.2.MrsSmith,whograduatedfromHarvardUniversity,hasthreechildren.3.Annahasabeautifulfl