2024徐州中考英語二輪復習 專題二 第1講 名詞（課件）

需要變形的名詞、形容詞和副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞專

題

二

課標知識導圖1

命題點1名詞詞義辨析2

命題點2名詞的數(shù)3第1講名詞

命題點3名詞所有格4課標知識導圖命題點1名詞詞義辨析(8年44考；單選、完形)徐州考情概覽考查角度涉及題型具體考查內(nèi)容同類名詞詞義辨析(8年37考)選擇填空、完形填空抽象類(8年13考)；職業(yè)類(8年6考)；實物類(8年6考)；地點類(8年4考)；時間類(8年3考)；動物類；自然類；影視類；節(jié)日類考查角度涉及題型具體考查內(nèi)容不同類名詞詞義辨析(8年7考)完形填空/1.(2021年9題)Mary,putonthe________tokeepyourhandswarm.A.gloves B.glasses C.socks D.jeans2.(2020年5題)Couldyoupleasepassmea________towritewith?A.ruler B.tape C.pen D.knife3.(2023年9題)The________thatthereislifeonotherplanetshasalwaysencouragedscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.invitation B.possibility C.order D.advice中考試練徐州近年真題ACB4.(2022年4題)Ifyoudon'tfeelwell,you'dbetterask________forhelp.A.apoliceman B.anaccountantC.apilot D.adoctor5.(2022年7題)Mycousinworksforanairline.Hefliesplanes.Heis________．A.aninventor B.ascientistC.anexplorer D.apilotDD6.(2022年13題)Youdon'thavetotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome________andthenletmeknow.A.support B.help C.protection D.thought7.(2023年11題)Theartistreceivedhigh________fromtheartcommunityforhisworks.A.praise B.prize C.price D.pride8.(2022年2題)Wehavenofoodathome.Shallwegotothe________？A.library B.supermarketC.hospital D.theatreDAB9.(2023年2題)The________isthebestplacetochatandwatchTV.A.bedroom B.diningroomC.livingroom D.bathroom10.(2022年4題)Ilove________.IhopeonedayIcantakepartinoneofthem,answerallthequestionsandwinabigprize!A.chatshows B.gameshowsC.cartoons D.documentariesCB11.(2022年9題)Withthe________，wecanchooseoneiconandclickonitformoredetails.A.menu B.printer C.screen D.mouse12.(2022年14題)At________，weeatricedumplingsandhaveaboatrace.A.Mid-AutumnFestival B.SpringFestivalC.DragonBoatFestival D.HalloweenDC13.Thereisno________tomakeexcusesforyourmistake.You'resupposedtocorrectitrightnow.A.choice B.chance C.reason D.power14.Chinesescientistshavemadegreat________inmedicalresearch.A.memory B.progressC.information D.donation15.It'simportantforustohavethe________tofacedifficultiesinsteadoffearingthem.A.courage B.interest C.value D.surpriseB拓展提升CA16.Davereallylikessinging.Ithinkbeing________isjustrightforhim.A.anengineer B.adancerC.asinger D.anactor17.Everystudentshouldlistentothe________carefullyinclassandtakenotesactively.A.teacher B.farmer C.writer D.nurse18.Wehavewider________inourvillagenow,sowecangooutmoreeasilythanbefore.A.fields B.roads C.rivers D.mountainsCAB19.Pleasehelpmeopenthe________，Sally.Iwanttoletthefreshairin.A.window B.basket C.machine D.box20.DetectiveChinatown3isaninterestingmovie,andIhaveseenittwiceinthe________．A.office B.cinemaC.playground D.classroom21.Look!Thereisa________flyinginthesky.Howfreeitis!A.bird B.lion C.panda D.sheepABA22.Myfavorite________iswinter.Icanmakesnowmenwithmyfriend.A.day B.weekend C.month D.season23.Ifthetemperatureisbelow0℃，waterwillturninto________intheopenair.A.ice B.wind C.fog D.rain24.Sally'sfavorite________isorange.That'swhyallhersweatersareorange.A.fruit B.color C.juice D.dressDAB25.Wouldyoumindsendingmesome________ofyours?Imissyouverymuch!A.magazines B.photosC.subjects D.suggestions26.Inrestaurants,peopleusuallychoosefoodanddrinksfromthe________．A.menu B.newspaperC.club D.teamBA27.Ihaverecentlymovedtothecity.Ioftengetlostandcan'tfindmy________．A.ticket B.way C.farm D.car28.—What'syour________abouttheresultofourschool'sbasketballmatch?—I'msuremyclasswillbethewinner.A.preparation B.predictionC.discussion D.introductionBB29.IfyouwanttobeadoctorlikeZhongNanshan,hardworkisthekeyto________．A.treasure B.beauty C.success D.health30.Beethoven'sbeautifulmusichasbrought_________topeopleallovertheworld.A.spirit B.pleasure C.weather D.dangerCB命題點2名詞的數(shù)(8年3考；詞語運用B))徐州考情概覽徐州近8年中考真題名詞的數(shù)僅在詞語運用B)中考查了3次，均考查可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)。1考向可數(shù)名詞1.可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復數(shù)兩種形式，如：chair,chairs。2.可數(shù)名詞可以被基數(shù)詞、不定冠詞(a/an)和many等修飾，如：sixtyseconds,amonth,manyweeks。3.只修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)的修飾語：數(shù)詞(除one之外的基數(shù)詞)，many,afew,few,several,acoupleof,anumberof,agreat/largenumberof等。滿分點撥【知識必備】可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)的規(guī)則變化表情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況(2021.60，2023.49)加-ssubject→①________human→②________book→booksinvention→inventionsdesk→desks情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以字母s,x，sh,ch等結(jié)尾的詞加-esbus→busesbox→boxesbrush→③________watch→watches特例：stomach→stomachs情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以字母f或fe結(jié)尾的詞變f或fe為v，再加-esshelf→④________wolf→wolveshalf→halvesknife→⑤________thief→thieveslife→livesleaf→leaves特例：roof→roofsproof→proofsbelief→beliefschief→chiefs情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞(2020.57)變y為i，再加-escity→⑥________family→familiesparty→parties以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞加-sholiday→holidaysmonkey→⑦________toy→toys情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以ce,se，ze,ge等結(jié)尾的詞加-sface→faceslicense→licensesprize→⑧________orange→oranges情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的詞無生命的加-szoo→zoosphoto→⑨________radio→radios有生命的加-estomato→⑩________hero→?________potato→?________可數(shù)名詞變復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化表構(gòu)成方法例詞改a為e型man→menwoman→women改oo為ee型tooth→①_______foot→②_______goose→③_______在結(jié)尾加-renchild→④________單復數(shù)形式相同sheep,deer,fish常用作復數(shù)形式或只有復數(shù)形式jeans,trousers,scissors構(gòu)成方法例詞“某國人”變復數(shù)的規(guī)律一般加-s：American→AmericansGerman→⑤________以-ese結(jié)尾的不變：Chinese→Chinese英國人、法國人的復數(shù)要把man變成men：Englishman→Englishmen2考向不可數(shù)名詞1.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)形式，如：water,meat。2.不可數(shù)名詞不可以被基數(shù)詞和不定冠詞(a/an)直接修飾。若表示數(shù)量，可用數(shù)量詞加不可數(shù)名詞表達，如：aglassofwater,twopiecesofbread。3.只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語：much,little,alittle,abitof,agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof等?！咀⒁狻考瓤尚揎椏蓴?shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語有：some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,most,hardly,any,all,therestof等?！局R必備】中考常見的不可數(shù)名詞類別示例物質(zhì)名詞液體orange橘汁milk牛奶water水juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡食物bread面包meat肉自然weather天氣fire火rain雨wind風snow雪ice冰材料paper紙plastic塑料silk絲綢gold金cotton棉花類別示例抽象名詞情感joy高興sadness悲傷學科maths數(shù)學chemistry化學概念advice建議information信息news消息knowledge知識有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞，但意義不同名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)chicken小雞雞肉orange橘子橙汁experience經(jīng)歷經(jīng)驗paper報紙，文件紙exercise練習鍛煉radio收音機無線電glass眼鏡玻璃room房間空間iron熨斗鐵time次/倍數(shù)時間life生命生活wood樹林木頭，木材light電燈光，光線work作品工作命題點3名詞所有格(近8年未考查)徐州中考并未對名詞所有格進行考查。但名詞所有格是課標要求學生必須掌握的知識點。滿分點撥1考向's所有格類別構(gòu)成方法示例有生命的單數(shù)名詞加'smyfather'sbedroom有生命的復數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾加'teachers'readingroom不以s結(jié)尾加'schildren'shomework類別構(gòu)成方法示例表示時間、距離、國家等的名詞單數(shù)加'sChina'sdevelopment復數(shù)加'tenminutes'walk表示幾個人共同擁有在最后一個名詞后加'sTomandJim'sroom表示每個人各自擁有在每個名詞后加'sMike'sandJohn'sdesks類別構(gòu)成方法示例用以構(gòu)成不同的節(jié)日加's或'Children'