中考英語真題分類訓練-題型三一選擇型閱讀分類訓練19說明介紹類主題2人與自我·語言學習

主題2人與自我·語言學習A(2022陜西)Doyouknowthewordmigrate?Itisawordusuallyusedtotalkaboutcertainanimalssuchasbirdsandfish.Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason.Forexample,swallows(燕子)migratesouthinwinter.Manyanimalsmigrate—theydothisoftenatthesametimeandtothesameplaceeachyear.Theymovetoplaceswhereconditionsarebetter—wheretheweatheriswarmer,wherethereismorefoodandwater,orwheretheiryoungwillbesafer.Peoplealsomigrate.Whenpeoplemigrate,theygotoliveinanotherareaorcountry,especiallyinordertofindwork.InEnglish,whenpeopleleavetheirhomecountryinordertoliveinanothercountry,weusethewordemigrate*insteadofmigrate.Frommigrateandemigratecomethewordsmigrationandemigration.However,ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage.Thenthewordimmigrationisborn.Isn'tword-makingoftheEnglishlanguageinteresting?Andcanthisprocess(過程)offindingouttherelationshipsbetweenwordsandlearningtheminagrouporgroupsbeawayforyoutolearnthelanguage?*BasedonLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish,6thedition1WhichofthefollowingsituationscanmatchthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Snakesmoveintoholestosleepinwinter.B.Fishswimtocleanwatersbecauseofpollution.C.Birdsflyveryfarawaytofindfoodandreturntogiveittotheirbabies.D.MonarchbutterfliesinNorthAmericaflysouthtostayawayfromthecold.2Accordingtothepassage,ifpeople,theyleavetheirhomecountrytoliveinanotherforever.

A.travel B.migrateC.emigrate D.immigrate3Thepassageiswrittento.

A.introducethemigrationofanimalsB.tellreadersawayoflearningEnglishC.showhowEnglishwordschangeD.explainwhypeoplemigrateB(2022溫州)"Motasharefonbema'refatek!"isoftenheardinArabs'dailytalks.ThisgreetingintheArabiclanguagemeans"Nicetomeetyou!"YoumayfindArabicdifficulttounderstand,butthefollowingfactscanofferyousomebasics.ArabicisthelanguageofovertwentycountriesacrosstheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.It'salsooneofthesixofficiallanguagesoftheUN.Nowabout400millionpeopleworldwidespeakArabic.Arabichasdifferentvarieties(種類).OneofthemisModernStandardArabic.ItistaughtatschoolsinallArabic-speakingcountriesandusedformallyoverthemedia.ColloquialArabicisanothervarietywhichpeopleintheArabworldusuallyuseintheireverydaylife.Arabiciswrittenfromrighttoleftinabeautifulandflowingscript.WrittenArabicisformedfromeighteendifferentcurveswithdots()aboveorbelow.Thecurve()withonedotbelowispronounced/b/,twoontopis/t/,andthreeontopis/th/,whilethecurve()withtwodotsbelowispronounced/y/.AmainfeatureofArabicisthethree-letterroot(詞根)system.AlmosteveryArabicwordisbasedonarootofthreeletters.Ifyoutakearootandaddotherletterstoit,youcancreatemanywordsrelated(有關聯(lián)的)tothemeaningofthatroot.Forexample,"k-t-b"isacommonrootinArabic.Somewordsfromthatrootarekitaab("book")andmaktaba("library").TherearemorefactsaboutArabicforyoutoexplore.You'llfindthatlearningaboutithelpsopenupadoortoadifferentcultureandprovidesanewwayofthinkingabouttheworld.1HowmanyvarietiesofArabicarementionedinthepassage?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.2Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingispronounced/b/inArabic?3Whatdoestheunderlinedroot"k-t-b"inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Cooking. B.Singing.C.Writing. D.Swimming.4Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.TointroducetheArabiclanguage.B.TotellstoriesfromArabcountries.C.ToencouragepeopletovisitArabcountries.D.ToadvisepeopletoprotecttheArabiclanguage.C(2022連云港)Didyouknowthatvocabulary(詞匯)ismoreimportantthangrammar?Ifyouhaveagoodvocabulary,youcancommunicatesuccessfully,evenifthegrammarisnotcompletelyperfect.However,onecommonproblemislearningnewwordsandthenforgettingthem.Sowhenyouwanttouseanewwordinaconversation,youcan'trememberitatthatmoment.Doesthisoftenhappentoyou?Thereasonforthisdifficultyisthatmoststudentstrytolearnvocabularybystudyinglistsanddictionariesandrememberingthewords.Butitmaynotworkifyoudon'thaveaverygoodmemory.Thebestwaytolearnvocabularyandrememberthewordssuccessfullyistolearnnewwordsandusethematonce.Youcandothiswithaverysimpleexercise.Everytimeyoulearnanewword,forexample,fromanEnglishlessonoranarticle,writeitdowninyourvocabularynotebook.Writingismoreactivethanjustreadingadefinition(釋義).Youshouldwritetheword,thedefinitioninEnglishortranslation,oneexamplesentencefromthearticleordictionariesandoneexamplesentencethatyoucreate.Imagineyoujustlearntheword"generous".Writeinyourvocabularynotebook:generous(adjective),definition—givingorwillingtogivefreely.Exampleone,fromthearticle:Thanksforpayingformydinner.You'reverygenerous.Exampletwo,myexample:Mybrotherisgenerousbecausehedoesvolunteerworkattheanimalshelteronweekends.It'sbestifyourexamplesentencesaretruetoyourlife,becausethiscreatesapersonalconnectionwiththenewword.Thenextday,readyourvocabularynotebookagainandtrytoaddonemoreexamplesentenceusingthenewword.Ithelpsyoutorememberit.Thesetwosimplesteps—writingthewordandusingitatonce—helpyourememberandusenewwords.Doyouhaveavocabularynotebook?Ifnot,startnow.1Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A.Theproblem.B.Thenewword.C.Theconversation.D.Thedictionary.2What'sthecorrectorderofthefollowingstepsoftakingvocabularynotes?①Makeyourownexamplesentence.②Writetheword,itsEnglishdefinitionortranslation.③Copyanexamplesentencefromthearticleordictionaries.④Readyournotebookagainandaddonemoreexamplesentence.A.②③①④ B.②③④①C.③④②① D.③②①④3Howcanwemakethebestexamplesentencesaccordingtothewriter?A.Byaskingforhelpfromfriends.B.Byexplainingwords'definitions.C.Byconnectingthemwithourlife.D.Byaddingwordsfromthearticle.4What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TipsforTranslatingWordsB.AdviceonUsingGrammarC.AbilitiesofCreatingExamplesD.WaysofLearningNewWordsD(2022南充)Atreehasroots.Peoplehaverootstoo.Ifyougettotherootofaproblem,youwillsolveit.It'sthesamethingwithwords.Digdeeplyintoabig,unfamiliarwordandyouwillunderstandwhereitcamefrom.Asreaders,especiallythosereadinginasecondlanguage,weneedtodealwiththetextasifweweredetectives(偵探)lookingforinformationtounlocktheunknown.Likeanygooddetectivearrivingonthecrimescene,thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation,tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.Asyouknow,prefixes(前綴)andsuffixes(后綴)canbeaddedtothebeginningorendofwordstochangethemeaning.Knowthem,andyouwillhavethewordbuildingpower.Butrootwordsarethekey.Taketimetolearnafewofthese,puttheminyourmemory,andyouwillbecomeamasterworddetective.Let'slookatonecommonrootwordusedinEnglish."Alter"fromtheLatinwordmeans"other".Whenyoumeetthisrootword,youknowthatthebiggerwordhassomethingtodowith"other".Examinetheword"alternate".CanyoufindtheLatinrootinit?·Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout,andfirstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime,youarealternatingpaying.·IfyougotothemoviesonalternateSaturdays,yougoononeSaturday,butnottheotherSaturday.·Ifyouhavenoalternative,youhavenootherchoice.Learnasmanyrootwordsaspossibleinthelanguageyouarestudying.Thenuseyour"rootingforwords"skills.Likeanynewskill,practiceandhardworkarealwayspaidback.1Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A.Thesituation.B.Thecrimescene.C.Anewanddifficultword.D.Everythingthatisknown.2IfJimandLilygotothemovies,whichonebelowis"alternatingpaying"?A.Theyeachpayhalf.B.Jimpayseverytime.C.Theytaketurnspaying.D.Theirparentspayforthem.3Howdoestheauthorexplainhisideasaboutrootwords?A.Bygivingafact.B.Bytakinganexample.C.Bytellingastory.D.Byhavingadiscussion.4"Sen"fromtheLatinwordmeans"old".WhichwordusesthisLatinroot?A.Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.B.Hewasillsohewasabsentfromschool.C.Acriminalwassentencedtodeathbylaw.D.60studentswerepresentatthesportsmeeting.5Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(結構)ofthepassage?(①=paragraph1②=paragraph2,...)A. B.C. D.主題2人與自我·語言學習A【短文大意】本文通過介紹表示動物遷徙的單詞"migrate"以及由其引申出的其他相關英語單詞,告訴了讀者一種有趣的學習英語的方法。【素養(yǎng)落地】本文通過介紹單詞"migrate"及其引申出的其他相關英語單詞,引導學生發(fā)現(xiàn)英文單詞之間的聯(lián)系并鼓勵學生以詞群為單位學習英語單詞,有利于激發(fā)學生學習英語的興趣,促使學生積極運用和主動調適英語學習策略,體現(xiàn)了核心素養(yǎng)中的學習能力。1.D【解析】推理判斷題。通讀第一段內容可知,動物會為了尋找更好的居住環(huán)境而進行遷徙,它們會選擇搬到更溫暖的地方,食物和水更多的地方或者對它們的幼崽來說更安全的地方。結合備選項可推知選D。2.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的"ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage"可知選D。3.B【解析】寫作意圖題。本文通過介紹表示動物遷徙的單詞"migrate"以及由其引申出的其他相關英語單詞,告訴了讀者英文單詞之間的聯(lián)系;再結合文章最后一句中的"awayforyoutolearnthelanguage"可推知,作者寫本文的目的是告訴讀者一種英語學習方法,故答案為B。B【短文大意】本文介紹了和阿拉伯語有關的一些知識,包括它的種類和寫法等。1.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的"Arabichasdifferentvarieties(種類).OneofthemisModernStandardArabic"及"ColloquialArabicisanothervariety"可知,文章中提到了兩種阿拉伯語,故答案為A。2.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中的"Thecurve()withonedotbelowispronounced/b/"可知應選B。3.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據第五段中的"Forexample,‘k-t-b’isacommonrootinArabic.Somewordsfromthatrootarekitaab(‘book’)andmaktaba(‘library’)"并結合四個選項可推知,詞根k-t-b的含義和"寫作"有關,故答案為C。4