人教大綱版高三英語教案Unit6Goingwest

Unit6Goingwest

Periods1&2Speaking

Teachinggoals:

1.Targetlanguage:quit,apply(...)toaddup,circumstance,loseheart,assessment,takeit

easy,monsense,survival,biscuit,alcohol,goat,flour,nail,razor,bedding

IbelieveinmyselfandknowIcanachievemygoals.

Iammoreofaleaderthanafollower.

IknowexactlywhatIwantinmylife.

IstandforwhatIsay,andalwaysactaccordingtomybeliefs.

Iamhonestwithmyselfandknowmyweaknesses.

IalwaysfinishwhatIhavestarted.

Iamneverdisappointedforverylong.

Icanquicklyadaptmyselftonewcircumstances.

Iamstrongandreadyforanychallenge.

Idon'tloseheartwhenIfailtodosomething.

2.Abilitygoals:Enablethestudentstotalkaboutperseveranceandsuccesswiththetarget

language.

3.Learningabilitygoals:Throughoralpractice,enablethestudentstolearnhowtotalk

aboutperseveranceandsuccess.

Teachingimportantpoints:

Learnhowtosurviveonadesertislandwithlimitedfood,toolsandmaterials.

Teachingdifficultpoints:

Helpstudentslearnhowtoovereallsortsofdifficultiesinordertosurvive.

Teachingmethods:

1.Talking;2.Discussing;3.Students-centeredapproach.

Teachingaids:Aputerandaprojector.

Teachingprocedures&ways:

StepIRevision

T:Goodmorning/afternoon,boysandgirls!Let'schecktheassignmentforlastunit.First,

let'shaveadictation....

StepIILead-inandWarmingup

T:Boysandgirls!Lookatthetwopictures.Doyouknowwhoheis?

Ss:No.

T:HeisLanceArmstrong.I'lltellyouastoryabouthim.

WhenLanceArmstrongzippedpastthisfieldofsunflowersduringtheTourdeFrance,the

27-year-oldcyclistalreadyhadreasontocelebrate.In1997,doctorsdiagnosedtheAustin,Texas,

nativewithtesticularcancer,whichhadspreadtohisabdomen,lungsandbrain.Armstrongwas

givenonlyafifty-fiftychanceofsurvival.Hefoughtthoseoddswithariskycancertreatmentand

continuedtotrainbetweenchemotherapysessions.Armstrongnotonlybeatthecancer,butwhen

hezoomedacrossthefinishinglineinParisonJuly25,2000,out-pacinghisclosestpetitorby

sevenminutesand37seconds,hebecameonlythesecondAmericantowincycling'spremier

event.

T:Whatmakeshimbeatthecancerandsucceed?I'llgiveyoutwominutestodiscusswith

yourpartners.

T:(Twominuteslater.)What'syouranswer?

SA:Perseverance.

T:Good.Whatkindofpersondoyouthinkcansucceed?

SB:Nomatterwhatdifficultyheesinto,healwaysbelievesthathewillsucceedandnever

givesuphisgoals.

T:Doyouknowwhatkindofpersonyouare?Let'sdothequizbelowonP46.Readthe

instructionandthenaddupyourscore.

T:(Afterstudentsfinishthequiz.)OK,nowyoumaymakeaself-assessmentaccordingtothe

resultsonP47.Youwillknowaboutyourself.

StepIIISpeaking

T:Haveyoureadthebook"RobinsonCrusoe"?Whowrote"RobinsonCrusoe”?

SC:Yes,Ihave.DanielDefoewrotethebook"RobinsonCrusoe”.

T:Couldyoutellusthegeneralideaofthisbook?

SC:Yes.ThestorystartswithRobinsonCrusoe5srunningawayfromhome.An

inexperiencedteenagerandayoungmanfullofbrightfanciesaboutthefuture,henaturally

choosestogotosea,becauseinthosedaysitmeantachancetoliveachivalrouslife,toseethe

wondersoftheworldandtomakeafortune.Aftermanysetbacksandadventuresonthesea,he

settlesdowninBrazilasaplanter.Butthecalloftheseaissostrongthathesoonembarkson

anothervoyage,thistime,toAfrica.Unfortunatelyabigstormblowstheboatoffitscourseand

shipwrecksitnearanisland.

Ofalltheship'screwRobinsonaloneescapestotheshoreafterstrenuousefforts.After

salvagingfromthewreckedshipsomestoresofnecessitysuchasbread,rice,barley,corns,planks,

lead,gunpowder,anaxeandtwosaws,whichhelatermanagestobringtotheislandwitha

self-maderaft.Afterseveralfutileattemptstoleavetheisland,Robinsonsettleshimselfdowntoa

hardandlonelylife.Hegrowscrops,domesticatesanimalsandbuildsfortablehomesforhimself.

HislifeturnsbetterwhenhesavesayoungNegrofromthehandsofsavages,whomhenames

Friday.RobinsonteacheshimEnglishandeducateshiminsuchawaythatFridaysoonbeesa

loyalservantandanindispensablehelptohim.Hestrugglestolivefor27yearsthereandfinally

getsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.

T:You'vedoneagoodjob.Doyouunderstandwhathesaid?

Ss:Yes.

T:Robinsonmanagedtosurviveontheislandformorethan27years.Supposeyouwerecast

awayonadesertislandinthePacificOcean,whatwouldyoudotosurvive?TurntoP48,read

throughthepartofSpeakinganddiscusswithyourpartners,rilgiveyoutenminutestoprepareit.

T:(Aftertenminutes.)Haveyoufinished?Thatmustbeanunusualexperience.Whatcan

youdothere?Canyoumakeothertoolsbasedonthetoolsandmaterialsyouhave?Whatcanyou

make?Whatspirityouthinkyoushouldhavetoovereallsortsofdifficulties?Volunteer?

SD:IfIwerecastawayonadesertislandinthePacificOceanlikeRobinsonCrusoe,Iwould

notknowwhattodobutfeelingsad,sullen,andlonely.Livinginadesert,Iwouldmissmy

parentsandfriends.ButsoonIwouldcheerupanddosomethingtomakemyselfhappy.ThoughI

couldn'tmakeatool,IcouldmakefulluseofthethingsIhad.Icouldnotonlyuseaxetochop

woodbutalsogohuntingwithgun.Woodwouldbeusedtowarmmyselfandcookfood.The

importantthingisthatIbelieveaslongasIamalive,I'llhaveachancetogobackhome.Ithink

strongwillandnever-give-it-upspiritmakemeovereallsortsofdifficulties.

SE:Iwouldn'tknowwhattodobutcryingandfeelinglonely.Iwouldfeelsadforalong

timebecauseIwouldhavetodoeverythingmyself.Ifmyfamilieslivedwithmeintheisland,I

thinkitwouldbebetterthanlivinginthecityfullofpollution.Iwoulduseinkandpaperto

practicepaintingdaybyday.IfIcouldreturnmyhome,IwishedIwouldbeeafamouspainter.I

thinkhopemakesmeovereallsortsofdifficulties.

T:Good.Weshouldbeoptimisticaboutdifficultiesandnevergiveup.

StepIVListening

Askstudentstogothroughtheexercisesonpage47first,andthentrytolistentoitcarefully

andgettheanswers.Forthefirsttimeyoujustlistentoit,don'twriteanything.Forthesecondand

thirdtime,pleasewriteyouranswers.

StepVLanguagepoints

1.quitvt.過去時，過去分詞quit或quitted,現(xiàn)在分詞quitting

1).離開；退出：HequittedParisafteraweek.他一周后離開了巴黎。

2).放棄，停止[+v-ing]:Hehasquittedsmoking.他已戒了煙。/Sheaskedthemtoquit

talking.她要求他們不要說話

quitajob辭去工作

advisedthemtoquittheirdissipatedways.勸導(dǎo)他們撇棄放蕩的生活方式

vi.

1).離開；遷出：Ifhedoesn'tpayhisrent,hewillreceivenoticetoquit.如果他不付房租,

他將被通知搬出去。

2).停止:Itsalmost5o?clock;timetoquit.都快五點鐘了；該下班了。

3).放棄斗爭，認輸

4).【口】辭職:Tmgoingtoquitnextweek.我將在下周辭職。

2.apply

applysthtosth運用，應(yīng)用某事物：Theresultsofthisresearchcanbeappliedtonew

developmentsintechnology.這項研究成果能應(yīng)用于新的技術(shù)開發(fā)方面。

rdneverapplytheword^treadable^^toanyofhisbooks.我決不會把他的任何一本書稱為

是”可以一讀的”。

apply(tosb)(forsth)申請，請求

We'veappliedtoacharitableorganizationforagrantfortheproject.我們已向一個慈善機

構(gòu)提出申請，要求其為這個項目提供資助。

applytosb/sth與某人/某物有關(guān)；有效；適用

WhatIhavesaidappliesonlytosomeofyou.我所說的僅僅適用于你們中的部分人。

applyoneself/sthto(doing)sth集中精力(做事)；專心

Youwillonlypassyourexamsifyoureallyapplyyourselftoyourwork/studying.你只有

真正專心致志學習，考試才能及格。

3.adapt(sth/oneself)tosth適應(yīng)新環(huán)境等

Manysoftwarepanieshaveadaptedpopularprogramstothenewoperatingsystem.許多軟

件公司改編通用程序以適應(yīng)新的操作系統(tǒng)。

Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthattheyadaptveryeasilytonewenvironment.兒童的好

處在于他們可以很容易地適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。

adaptsthforsb/sth使某事物適合于新的用途、情況等；修改某事物

Theplayhadbeenadaptedforchildren.該劇已被改編適合兒童觀看。

4.add(sth)up力口起來

Thewaitercan'taddup.這個服務(wù)員不會算賬。

AddupallthemoneyIoweyou.把我應(yīng)付你的錢都加在一起。

addupto…總計，總共；相等于；意為

Thesenumbersaddupto100.這些數(shù)目合計為100。

Thesecluesdon'treallyadduptoverymuch.這些線索沒什么實際意義。

5.circumstancen.情形；情況thewholecircumstance全部情況

(pl)經(jīng)濟狀況；物質(zhì)環(huán)境easycircumstances經(jīng)濟狀況優(yōu)裕

(pl)環(huán)境Thecircumstancesforcedmetoaccept.環(huán)境迫使我不得不同意。

innocircumstances決不：UndernocircumstancesshouldyoulendPaulanymoney

in/underthecircumstance在...情況下，既然如此：Underthecircumstances,itseemed

betternottotellhimabouttheaccident.

6.loseheart泄氣，灰心

Don?tloseheartevenifyoufailintheexam.考試中即使失敗了也不要失去信心。

注意heart的相關(guān)短語

byheart默記haveachangeofheart改變主意

have...atheart把...牢記在心havethehearttodo有勇氣做

heartandsoul全心全意地loseone'sheartto愛上某人，傾心于

takeheart振作精神

7.assessmentn.

評價;估計[C]

Hemadeacarefulassessmentofthesituation.他對形勢作了細致的評估。

assessvt.assessed,assessing,assesses估定，評定對…進行估價，評價

Itistooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthenewlegislation.現(xiàn)在來評價新法規(guī)的效果為時尚

早。

8.takeit/thingseasy別著急，別緊張，慢慢來，多休息（從容，不緊張，松懈，輕松）

IliketotakeiteasywhenFmonholiday.我在假日里愿意輕松一些。

Takeiteasy.We9lltakecareofeverything.別著急。一切由我們照料。

Ourteachertoldustotakeiteasybeforetheexamination.老師交待我們考試前要放松。

-I'vecaughtabadcold,andhadaheadache.-Takeiteasyanddrinkmorewater.

9.keepsthup繼續(xù)使某事物保持同樣的（通常指高的）水平；不讓（精力等）衰退，維持,

保持；遵守某事物；保養(yǎng)，維修（房屋，花園等）

Willtheweatherkeepup?這樣的天氣會持續(xù)下去嗎？

WhenIstoppedstudying,IwasstillkeentokeepupFrench.我不讀書了，可還是很想堅持

學法語。

Theysangsongstokeeptheirmoraleup.他們唱著歌以保持高昂的士氣。

WhereverJewslivetogether,theykeepupoldcustoms.猶太人聚居的地方，古老風俗都在

沿襲著。

Thehouseisbeingtooexpensiveforthemtokeepup.他們的房子維修費用貴得他們越來

越維修不起了。

注意keep相關(guān)短語

keepawayfrom避開，離開keepback后退，阻止

keep...from不使做，不做keepfromdoing避免做

keepoff...離開，使不接近keepon繼續(xù)

keepout不進去，使不接近keepoutof置身于之外，從離開

keepupwith是艮上

10.survivaln.

1).幸存；殘存[U]

2).幸存者；殘存物[C]

Theoldmanisasurvivalofthepastage.這老人乃上一個時代的遺老。

survivevt.

1).在…之后仍然生存，從…中逃生

Onlytwopassengerssurvivedtheair-crash.這次飛機失事只有兩名乘客幸免于死。

2).比…活得長；喪失(配偶，親人等)

Shesurvivedherhusbandbytwentyyears.她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。

vi.活下來，幸存；殘留[(+on)]

Fewsurvivedaftertheflood.洪水后極少有人生還。

StepVIHomework

T:FindmoreinformationaboutRobinson'sadventure,toseehowhesurvivedontheisland.

YoumayborrowthenovelfromlibraryorsearchontheInternet.Somuchfortoday.Bye!

prehendthetext

Periods3&4Reading

Teachingaims:

1)Makethestudentsknowaboutthetext.

2)Learnsomeoftheimportantnewwordsandexpressions.

TeachingImportantpoints:

1)Howtoimprovethestudents'readingability.

2)Howtomakestudentsmastertheusefulwordsandexpressions.

Teachingmethods:

1)Discussion2)Fastreading3)Practice

Teachingaids:1.theblackboard2.ataperecorder

TeachingProcedures:

Step1Leadin

Asweallknow,therearemanypeoplewhoarefromotherplacesinourcity.Theyeherefor

differentreasons,somebecauseofthewar,somebecauseofthepoorsoilandsomebecauseofthe

badweatherintheirplaces.Therearemanydifficultiesforthemgoingfromoneplacetoanother.

Canyouimaginewhatdifficultiesdidtheygothrough?Atthattime,therearenocarsandtrains.

Andthetransportisnotsoconvenient.

Now,readthetestinyourbooks,youwilllearnaboutsomethingaboutthesettlersfromother

places.

Step2Fastreading

Readthetextthenanswersomequestions.

1.Whendidwedecidetomovetoanotherplace?(1845,10)

2.Howlongdidthejourneylast?(Aboutayear)

3.Whatisourfirstdestination?(IndiaGreekinKansas)

4.Isthejourneyhard?Canyoumakesomeexamplesaboutit?(Yes,itishard.Youcan

makemanyexamples.)

Step3Carefulreading

Exercise1TrueorFalse

(F)1.Wetraveledalone.withmanyotherfamilies

(F)2.Wetraveleddayandnight.byday

(T)3.Duringwalkingthroughthedesert,wecouldn'tridethewagons.

(T)4.Formanyweekswehadsufferedfromheat,thirstandstarvation.

(F)5,Duringthelongjourney,wecouldhelpeachother.

Thesituationwassodesperatethat,inmostcases,noonecouldhelpanother.Eachhadallhe

coulddotosavehimselfandhisanimals.

(F)6.WhenayoungmaninourgroupsuggestedthatIstaybehindwiththechildrenandwait

forhelp,Iagreed.Ididn'tagree.

(T)7.Whentheanimalssmeltthewater,theyallran.

Exercise2Choosethebestanswers

l.ThereasonwhymyfatherwantedtogotoCaliforniaisthat.答案：C

A.CaliforniawasindesertB.Californiawasfaraway

C.Californiawasawonderfullanddescribedinabook

D.CaliforniawasthelargeststateintheUSA

2.Peoplemovingtothewestwouldmeetin.答案：A

A.KansasB.CaliforniaC.SaltLakeValleyD.SaltLake

Desert

3.OnwhichdaydidtheauthorentertheSaltLakeDesert?答案：B

A.April12.B.November4.C.October15.D.December25.

4.Whydidthetravelerscalltheir90-miledrivethroughtheSaltLakeDesertthe“LongDrive”?

答案：D

ABecausethelandscapewasdryandbarren.B.Becausewaterwassaltyandnot

drinkable.

C.Becausetheirwatersupplywassolow.D.Alloftheabove.

5.Afterthetravelersburnttheirwagons,theyhadtogoontheirfeetwithanothermilestogo.

答案：B

A.2500B.500C.90D.45

6.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"No,Iwon'tgiveup.Iknewthatgivingupmeanta

shallowgraveinthesand.,??答案：A

A.Hewasdeterminedtogoonwiththejourney,forhewassuretodiethroughSaltLake

Desertunlesshestruggledagainstthehardship.

B.Hewassuretocontinuethejourney,forhewoulddiebecauseofthesand.

C.Heintendedtogoonwiththejourney,fordeathwouldwaitforhimunlesshepausedin

thedesert.

D.Hewasgoingonwiththejourney,fornobodywouldescapefromthedesertifhegavein

tothebadfate.

7.Theanimalsalmostranwhenthetravelersreachedtheedgeofthedesert,why?答案：C

A.Becausetheyweretiredandweak.B.Becausetheyhadnoburden.

C.Becausetheymusthavesmeltthewater.D.Becausetheywentbacktotheirhome.

8.Howlongdidtheauthorspendfinishingthejourney?答案：C

A.Morethan40months.B.About2months.

C.Aboutayear.D.Aboutayearandamonth.

9.Whichofthefollowingdescriptioncanindicatethatthewagonswerenotthemostsuitable

meansoftransport?答案：C

A.Thecattlebecametiredandweak.Theanimalsdraggedtheirlegs,tooweaktopulltheir

burden.

B.Astheanimalscouldnolongerpullthewagons,weburntthemandpackedtheoxenwith

oursupplies.

C.Thejourneythroughthemountainsanddesertsinthecentralpartofthecontinentwasthe

mosttryingpart,sometimesthewagonshadtobeliftedandpulledupwhentherewerenoroads.

D.Formilesbothsidesoftheroadwerelinedwithdeadanimalsandstarvation.

lO.Fromthetext,wecaninfer.答案：D

A.theauthorandthetravelershadtogoalldayandallnightlong

B.therewasnooxenleftwhenthetravelersreachedCalifornia

C.manytravelersdiedwhentheirdaysofhardshipcametoanend

D.it'salongwaytotravelfromtheauthor'shometowntoCalifornia

11.Thebesttitleofthetextis.答案：B

A.AJourneyToCaliforniaB.LongDrive

C.TheSaltLakeDesertD.EnjoyYourLife

12.whatcanwelearnfromtheendingofthestory"GoingWest”?答案：D

A.Peopleshouldn'tsetfootonawildlandbecauseofhardship.

B.Travelersshouldtravellight

C.Travelersshouldarrangefortheirjourneybeforesettingofffortheirdestination.

D.Perseverancecangohandinhandwithsurvivalorsuccessintimeofdangerordifficulty.

Ex.3.Themainideaofthetext:

Thetextrelatedastorythatthehero'sfamilyandmanyotherfamiliesmovedtotheWest.

TheyranintomanydifficultiesonthewaytotheWest.Facedwiththedifficulties,theydidn'tgive

up.FinallytheygottotheWestandstartedanewlife.

Part1(1)Thecauseandthebeginningofthejourney

Part2(2)Thefirstdestinationofthejourney

Part3(3-5)Themosttryingpartofthejourney

Part4（6）Reachingthepromisedland（Theendofthejourney）

Step4Languagepoints

1.beyondprep.在或向（某物）的遠處；遲于或超過（某一時間）；越過（某事物）范圍；

除了

Theroadcontinuesbeyondthevillageupintothehills.這條路綿延不斷越過村子直入山

中。

Shecarriedonteachingwellbeyondretirementage.她早已超過退休年齡仍在教書。

After25yearsthetowncentrehadchangedbeyondrecognition.25年了，市中心已變得認

不出來。

Ididn'tnoticeanythingbeyondhisratherstrangeaccent.除了他那頗為古怪的□音以外，

我沒注意到別的。

2.drawl）.畫2）.拉3）.取出，拔出4）.移動，行進5）.吸引6）接近

常用詞組（1）drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論（2）.開到路邊停下（3）drawout提取

（4）drawup起草，制訂計劃或協(xié)議（5）drawupon依靠，利用（6）drawback后

退，退開

（7）drawone'sattention

指出draw在下列各句中的意思

1)Somethingiswrongwithhisteeth.Hehashaditdrawnout.

2)TheNationalDayisdrawingnear.(ing)

3)Aristotledrewaconclusionfromhisexperiment.

4)Thebreath-takingscenerydrewthetourists9attention.

4.leavebehind忘了帶;留下

I'veleftmypenbehind.我忘了帶筆。

FmafraidwemustleaveXiaoLinbehind.恐怕我們得把小林留下。

WhenhewenttoworkinSaudiArabia,hehadtoleavehisfamilybehind.他前往沙特阿拉

伯工作時，他不得不留下他的家人。

leavesthaside不考慮leavealone不打擾

leaveout遺漏leaveoff停止

5.loseone'sway迷路

Whentheywentintotheforest,theylosttheirway.他們進入了森林就迷了路。

注意way的相關(guān)短語

alltheway一直bytheway順便一提bywayof經(jīng)過，經(jīng)由

findone'sway找到路，設(shè)法到達getintothewayofdoing養(yǎng)成做...的習

慣

inanyway不管怎樣，好歹inaway在某種程度上，有點innoway決不

intheway妨礙leadtheway領(lǐng)路，指導(dǎo)makeone'sway前進,

行走

Noway沒門onthe/one^way(to)…在去...的路上

underway（計劃等）進行中

6.burdenn.重負;（難以承擔的）職責、義務(wù)、責任等

Thelittledonkeystruggledunderitsheavyburden.小驢在重負下掙扎。

Buyingahouseoftenplacesabigfinancialburdenonyoungcouples.對于年輕夫婦來說,

買房通常是一種沉重的經(jīng)濟負擔。

burden(v.)sb/oneself(withsth)加負擔于某人(自己)

Idon'twanttoburdenyouwithmyproblems.我不想用我的問題給你增加負擔。

7.accustomeda.1).慣常的，通常的2).習慣的，適應(yīng)了的

heraccustomedsmile她慣常的微笑

Heisaccustomedtoworkhard一向勤奮工作

Iamaccustomedtosleepinglate.我習慣于睡得很晚

I'mnotaccustomedtogettingupsoearlytodomorningexercises.我不習慣這么早起床進

行晨練。

I'vebeenaccustomedtolookingafterthem.

It'lltaketimeformetoaccustommyselftothechanges.我需要花時間來適應(yīng)這些變化.

8.starvationn.饑餓;挨餓;餓死[U]

Theoldwomandiedofstarvation.老婦人被活活餓死。

starvevi.1).餓死Theexplorersstarvedtodeathinthedesert.探險者們在沙漠中餓死

了。

2).挨餓3).【口】餓得慌Let9sgetsomethingtoeat;Tmstarving.我們吃點東西吧;我

餓壞了。

4).渴望;極需要(+for)Theplantsarestarvingforwater.這些植物極需要水。

9.anxietyn.

1).焦慮，掛念[U][C][(+about/for)]Themotherwasfilledwithanxietyabouther

daughtershealth.母親為女兒的健康憂心忡忡。

2)焦慮的原因;令人焦慮之事[C][(+to)]Thatisagreatanxietytome.那是一件使我深

感焦慮的事情。

3).渴望[C][(+for)][+to-v]Theiranxietytogowasobvious.他們想去的急切心情是顯而

易見的。

10.etoanend結(jié)束

Themeetingcametoanendatlast.會議終于結(jié)束了。

etoastop停止etoadecision作出決定etoaconclusion得出結(jié)論

etoaperson'said援助某人etoanarrangement(agreement)達成協(xié)議

Allgoodthingsmustetoanend.一切好事遲早都會結(jié)束。(天下沒有不散的宴席。)

attheendof在…結(jié)尾，在….末端intheend最后，終于bringtoanend使...結(jié)

束

onendonend豎著，連續(xù)地makeanendof終止，除掉end(up)with以…告

終

putanendto結(jié)束，終止makeendsmeet收支相抵

10.onallfours雙手和雙膝著地，趴著

Thebabywascrawlingaboutonallfours.嬰兒那時正在滿地爬。

詞語辨析

1.quit;stop;pause

這些詞都有“停止”的意思，但意思各有側(cè)重。"quit”除表示停止，更常用于表示離開某

處或工作，辭職不干；“stop”是常用詞，表示使人或事物的活動、進展、操作等停止，中止

或暫停，另外還可以表示阻止的意思；”pause”則側(cè)重于中止、暫停或停頓的意思。

Fmgoingtoquitsmokingnextweek.下星期我準備戒煙。

Wouldyouquityourjobifyougotlotsofmoney?如果得到大筆錢，你會不會辭去工作

呢？

Hestoppedthemedicineandlefttheroom.他停下機器，離開了房間。

Youcan'tstopourgoingifwewantto.如果我們想去，你是阻止不了的。

Shepausedtogetherbreathbackandthencarriedonjogging.她停下喘口氣然后繼續(xù)慢

跑。

2.believe;believein

“believe”意思是相信某事物的真實性或認為某人的話屬實；"believein”意思是相信某事

物或人，以及肯定某事物的價值或正確性，還可以表示相信某人或事物的存在。

Strangely,noonebelieveduswhenwetoldthemwe'dbeenvisitedbyacreaturefromMars.

奇怪的是，當我們告訴他們一個火星人來過時，居然沒人相信。

Fmtoldhe9sbeeninprison,andIcanwellbelieveit.有人對我說他進過監(jiān)獄，我完全能夠

相信這一點。

TherobbersarebelievedtohaveescapedformHeathrowAirport.據(jù)說強盜從西斯羅機場

逃脫的。

Hebelievesingettingplentyofexercise.他相信多做運動必有好處。

Ibelieveinhisgoodcharacter,nomatterwhatyousay.不管你怎么說，我相信他品德良

好。

Doyoubelieveinghosts?你相信有鬼嗎？

難句分析

l.Theanimalsdraggedtheirlegs,tooweakto...theirtongueshungout...(LI2,Para.3)

這句話中的兩個劃線部分都在文章中充當狀語，第一個是形容詞短語做狀語,并用"too…

to...(太……而不能……)”結(jié)構(gòu)加以修飾；第二個劃線部分由名詞加過去分詞(表示被動)

構(gòu)成，稱為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以由名詞加現(xiàn)在分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞或介詞

短語構(gòu)成。例：

LittleMarywasstandinginfrontoftheheadmaster,tooafraidtosayaword.4、瑪麗站在校

長面前，因為太害怕而說不出一句話。

Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.考試結(jié)束了，我們開始放假。

Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.如果天氣允許，我們明天去看你。

Themeetinggoneover,everyonetiredtogohomeearlier.會議結(jié)束后，每個人都想早點回

家。

Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.他回到了房子里，耳朵凍壞了。

Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.他夾著本厚書，走出了圖書館

2.Lyingaroundthemwerechains...(L3,Para.4)

這是一個表語提前的完全倒裝句，句子的主語是"chains"，"Lyingaroundthem”為表語。

例：

Gonearethedayswhentheywoulddowhattheyliked.他們可以隨心所欲的日子過去了。

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席

會議的有懷特教授、史密斯教授以及其他的客人。

3.Ifuntreated,itwouldproduce...(P.53)

這句話涉及兩種語言現(xiàn)象，"ifuntreated”為狀語從句的省略：當特定的連詞when,while,

if,although,eventhough等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，并且從句中出現(xiàn)

be動詞，可以省略狀語從句的主語連同be動詞，留下連詞加分詞的形式;而主語的"itwould”

則使用了虛擬語氣中的非真實條件句，表示未來事情發(fā)生的幾率不是很高。這句話說完整應(yīng)

為“Ifitwereuntreated,itwouldproduce例：

Don'tspeaktomeunlessspoketo.除非我和你說話，否則不要和我說話。

Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.過馬路時要當心。

IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.如果我

的律師上星期六在這里，他會阻止我去的。

Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.如果你成功了，一■切都會好的。

Iftheywerehere,theywouldgiveyousomeadvice.如果他們現(xiàn)在在這里，他們就會給你

建議了。

經(jīng)典例析

1.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarnagethegirlandtookheraway,intothe

woods.（2004上海春季卷）

A.seizing,disappearedB.seized,disappearedC.seizing,disappearingD.seized,

disappearing

［為你支招］本句中"drive”做定語修飾主語，"seize”是謂語動詡并與后面的“take”并列，

所以應(yīng)該用過去時形式；"disappear”放在句面，使用分詞形式充當狀語，該詞為不及物動詞，

應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案為D。

［熱點剖析］該題考查了學生確定謂語動詞的能力，同時也考查了分詞作定語和狀語的

用法。

2.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,soheyourlecture.（2000

上海卷）

A.couldn'thaveattendedB.needn'thaveattended

C.mustn'thaveattendedD.shouldn'thaveattended

［為你支招］根據(jù)上句所提供的語境，可以判斷出“他不可能聽了你的講座”，并且這件

事發(fā)生在昨天下午，所以選擇答案A,表示對過去的否定性猜測。B的意思為“本不必做”，

C的形式不存在，D的意思為”本不應(yīng)該做”。

［熱點剖析］該題考查了學生使用情態(tài)動詞表示猜測的能力。

3.——Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?——Oh,that's.（2003北京春

季卷）

A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout

C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

［為你支招］本題四個選項均為名詞性從句，充當表語，語法結(jié)構(gòu)都是正確的；解題關(guān)

鍵是根據(jù)上句判斷出意思符合的選項。答案為A.

［熱點剖析］該題考查了學生在語法正確的情況下，根據(jù)語境選擇答案的能力。

4.IcanthinkofmanycasesstudentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsand

expressionsbutcouldn'twriteagoodessay.（2003上海卷）

A.whyB.whichC.asD.where

［為你支招］本題主句完整，從句完整，根據(jù)選項，可以判斷出此處需要一個關(guān)系副詞

連接主句和定語從句；根據(jù)先行詞"case"，應(yīng)選擇答案D,表示”在這些情況下”，也可使用"in

which”。

［熱點剖析］該題考查了學生根據(jù)語境選擇定語從句連接詞的能力。

5.TheyontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowweitas

nogoodresultshaveeoutsofar.（2005江蘇卷）

A.hadbeenworking;arestillworkingB.hadworked;werestillworking

C.havebeenworking;haveworkedD.haveworked;arestillworking

［為你支招］本題中前一個空格發(fā)生的動作在“我加入”之前，并且延續(xù)了一段時間，所

以使用過去完成進行時；后一個空格表示目前正在進行的動作，使用現(xiàn)在進行時。答案為

A.

［熱點剖析］該題考查了學生正確運用謂語動詞時態(tài)的能力。

Step5Translation

1.believein信任;信耐2.standfor代表;代替3.adaptto適宜

4.loseheart灰心;泄氣5.becastaway（被）拋棄6.giveup放棄

7.1essthan少于;不足8.setofffor開始（旅程）;出發(fā)9.moveon繼續(xù)前進

10.taketheway出發(fā);首途11.loseone9sway迷路12.hangout伸出

13.indesperateneedof在極度需要的（時候）

14.onourfeet=onfoot步行

15.beaccustomedtodoingsth.(通常用于被動語態(tài))習慣于

16.sufferfrom患病;遭受...之苦

17.hurryonto(with)趕緊辦理;急急忙忙地去做某事

18.stoptodosth.停下來去做某事

19.startdoingsth.開始做某事20.goona