高考英語寫作功能詞“阻礙”表達詳解+清單

高考英語寫作功能詞“阻礙”表達詳解一、主要英語對應詞及其用法結(jié)構(gòu)1.動詞(hinder,block,impede,cramp,resist,retard,trammel,obstruct,baffle,thwart,hamper,arrest,suffocate;handicap)①hinder阻礙;阻止tohindersb./sth.fromsth./doingsth.阻撓或耽擱某人做某事/某事物的進展tohindersb.(fromworking)妨礙某人(工作)tohindersb.inhiswork阻撓某人的工作tohinderthedevelopmentoftheproductiveforces阻礙生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展Helpout;don'thinder.(幫幫忙，不要礙事。)②block阻礙,障礙toblockthetraffic阻礙交通③impede阻礙;妨礙toimpedenormalstaterelations阻礙正常的國家關(guān)系toimpedethedevelopmentoftheproject阻礙工程進度④cramp阻礙;束縛tocrampsb.'sprogress/energy阻礙某人的進步/能力⑤resist阻礙toresisttechnicalinnovation阻礙技術(shù)革新⑥r(nóng)etard阻止,妨礙toretardsb.'sprogress/thedevelopmentofagriculture/plantgrowth阻礙某人的進步/農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展/植物的生長⑦obstruct阻礙;阻擋toobstructthepoliceinthecourseoftheirduty阻礙警方執(zhí)行公務2.名詞(hindrance,block,impediment,resistance,retard,obstruction,obstacle,barrier,bottleneck,obstructionism,handicap)△Somekitchengadgetsaremoreofahindrancethanahelp.(有些靈巧的炊具非但沒有用處反而礙事。)△Thegovernment'sstubbornattitudewasablocktofurthertalks.(政府的僵硬態(tài)度是進一步會談的障礙。)△Themainimpedimenttogrowthwasalackofcapital.(影響發(fā)展的主要障礙是缺少資本。)△Thefirmhastoovercomeitsresistancetonewtechnology.(這家公司必須克服對采取新技術(shù)的阻力。)Theideametwithsomeresistance.(這種意見受到某種抵制。)△tobeinretard受到阻礙的△Ignoranceisanobstructiontoprogress.(無知是進步的障礙。)tocauseobstructiontotraffic妨礙交通withoutmeetinganyobstruction未遇到任何障礙△tocreateobstacles/toerectbarriers(tosth.)(為…)制造障礙(ofsth.)topresentanobstacleto...(某事物)構(gòu)成對…的障礙tocircumventtheobstacle避開障礙toclearawayobstaclesto...清除對…的障礙tothrowobstaclesinsb.'sway妨礙某人△Thegovernmentweredefeatedbytheobstructionismoftheiropponents.(政府受到反對派的阻撓而挫敗。)△Poorhealthmaybeabarriertosuccess.(健康不佳可能成為取得成功的障礙。)3.形容詞(resistant,obstructive,off-putting)△toberesistanttochange抗拒變革△Academiesmaybesaidtobeobstructivetoinventivegenius.(學院可以說對發(fā)明的天才能起阻礙作用。)apolicyobstructivetoourplans阻撓我們政策的計劃二、常用的相關(guān)短語或表達阻礙todetersb.fromdoingsth.;tocauserestrictionof;togetinthewayof;tobeinthewayof;tointerferewith;tolieintheway;tothrowobstaclesinsb.'sway;tocrosssb.'spath;toputastayon;tostandinthewayof...;tothrowa(monkey)wrenchinto/in...;toholdup;tostandbetween...對…有阻力的toberesistantto...妨礙…的發(fā)展tostunt/check/arrest/preventthedevelopmentof...妨礙司法公正topervertthecourseofjustice妨礙司法toobstructjustice交通阻塞trafficjam/ablockintraffic阻礙交通/道路toobstruct/clogapassage構(gòu)成障礙toconstitute/presentanobstacle(to...);tobeintheway阻礙…的發(fā)展tooperateagainstthedevelopmentof...;tosuffocate...;tohampersb.'scapacityfordevelopment遇到障礙toencounter/meetwith/runintoanobstacle防微杜漸tokillthecasesatbirth;tonipinblossom/bud妨礙某人工作tohampersb.inhiswork設置/克服/掃除障礙togive(assign)/overcome/clearawayahandicap妨礙某人得到…tostand/comebetweensb.andsth.設置障礙tooffer/place/putanobstacle(to...)妨礙某人做某事tokeepsb.fromsth./doingsth.;toobstructsb.in/fromdoingsth.;tostop/prevent/hampersb.fromdoingsth.限制言論自由/新聞自由tomuzzlefreedomofspeech/thepress實行封鎖toenforceablockade解除封鎖toraise/liftablockade沖破/偷渡封鎖線tobreak/runtheblockade(突破封鎖的行動:blockade-running)阻止某人toputacrimpin/intosb.不要礙某人的事togetoutfromundersb.'sfeet越過障礙toclear/takeahurdle沿著阻力最小的方向(采用最省力的方法)tofollow/choose/takethelineofleastresistance阻礙…的通過toblockthepassageof...妨礙計劃的順利進行toputacrimpinaplan阻止某人做某事toprevent/keepsb.fromdoingsth.某人的企圖受挫sb.isbaffledinhisattempt經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的阻礙adragoneconomicgrowth阻止人才外流toplugthebraindrain對…產(chǎn)生阻力togive/offerresistanceto...打通(疏通)妨礙…的環(huán)節(jié)tobreak/uncorkbottlenecksin...遇到障礙tohitabottleneck/tobecaught(trapped)inabottleneck造成障礙toform/produceabottleneck可怕的障礙(攔路虎)alionintheway/path某人前進道路上的障礙arubin/onsb.'sway阻止某事物或把它消滅在萌芽狀態(tài)之中tonipsth.inthebud克服語言障礙toovercomealanguagehurdle妨礙某人的/自己的前程(利益)tostand(get;be;sit)insb.'slight/one'sownlight阻撓某人做某事toobstructsb.in/fromdoingsth.;toprecludesb.fromdoingsth.設法阻礙討論/辯論的進行toattempttostonewallthediscussion/thedebate掃除通往無核世界的障礙tounbarthewaytoanuclear-freeworld阻礙某事物/某人的正常生長或發(fā)展tostuntsth.預阻某人做某事toprecludesb.fromdoingsth.減弱…的阻力toweakentheresistanceof...沖破種種阻力和困難againstalltheodds順暢地/毫無阻礙地withoutletorhindrance妨礙(搗亂)toputsandinthewheels/machine受條件限制tobehedgedwithqualification成為…的障礙topose/beastumblingblockto...不妨礙某人togetoutofsb.'sway束縛某人的思想tocagesb.'smind在…中突然遇到障礙/到了最后關(guān)頭突然遇到障礙tohitasnag/lastminutesnagsin...三、情景譯例精選貧窮并不總是幸福的障礙。Povertyisnotalwaysabartohappiness.冠詞和介詞是初學英語者的障礙。ArticlesandprepositionsareblockstothebeginnersofEnglish.原料的生產(chǎn)受到了阻礙。Productionofmaterialhasbeenbottlenecked.妨礙進口計劃的是金融。Thebottleneckoftheimportprogramwasfinance.人員配備情況未能達成協(xié)議是會談進程中的主要障礙。Thefailuretoagreeonmanninglevelsisamajorstumbling-blocktoprogressinthetalks.因罷工而受阻的旅客本周末要耽擱很長時間了。Strikeboundtravellersfacelongdelaysthisweekend.她有嬰兒要照看，活動自然受到限制(手腳自然被拴住了。)Havinganewbabytolookafterhasclippedherwings.他沒受過教育，這嚴重妨礙了他的事業(yè)。Hislackofeducationwasaseriousdetrimenttohiscareer/seriouslyinterferedwithhiscareer.所有這些困難阻礙了他的進步。Allthesedifficultiescrampedhisdifficulties.我覺得在這么一個小地方工作沒有什么奔頭。Ifeelcrampedbyworkinginsuchasmalltown.這是阻礙經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主要桎梏之一。Thisisoneofthekeyrestrainsholdingbackeconomicgrowth.失敗并沒有能阻擋我們再次進行實驗。Failuredidnotdeterusfromexperimentingagain.舊觀念是進步的障礙。Theoldideasareadragonprogress.基礎(chǔ)設施不足將阻礙這個城市的經(jīng)濟增長。Theinadequacyofinfrastructureinthiscitywilldwarfitseconomicgrowth.她覺得自己完全被家務事束縛住了。Shefeltfencedinbydomesticroutine.我們前進時受到了惡劣天氣的阻礙。Ourprogresswashamperedbythebadweather.孩子們總是礙手礙腳地煩我。Thechildrenarealwaysundermyfeet.缺乏線索使警察當局受阻。Theabsenceofcluesbaffledthepolice.影響發(fā)展的主要障礙是缺乏資本。Themainimpedimenttogrowthwasalackofcapital.資金缺乏和機器不足是阻礙這家工廠發(fā)展的兩大因素。Lackofmoneyandlackofmachineryaretworestraintsonthedevelopmentofthisfactory.大雨阻礙了我們野餐的計劃。Theheavyraininterferedourplantogoforapicnic.希望我沒有妨礙你的工作/你睡覺。IhopeI'mnotkeepingyoufromyourwork/sleeping.有許多因素阻礙了我們實現(xiàn)計劃。Manyfactorsmilitatedagainstthesuccessofourplan.她想當演員，但她父親一知道這個想法就阻止住了。Shewantedtobeanac-tress,butherfathersoonnippedthatideainthebud.她沖破種種阻力和困難，實現(xiàn)了當芭蕾舞演員的夢想。Againstalltheoddssheachievedherdreamofbecomi