科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第一篇科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第一篇Play-Dohwasn'toriginallyintendedasachild'stoy.Infact,itwasinitiallydevelopedasawallpapercleanerbackinthe1930s.

TheclaywasfirstcreatedbyNoahMcVickerandhisbrotherforasoapcompany.Backthencoalfirestendedtocoatthewalls,andwelleverything,insoot.

Theclay,whenrolledoverasurface,wasexcellentatremovingit.Latertheriseofvinylwallpapermadecleaningupsootrelativelyeasybyusingjustawetsponge.

Thispracticallyrenderedthecleaningclayuselessovernight.Butanurseryteacherheardthatchildrenlikedtomodelthingsusingthesamematerial.

Afterexperimentingwithherclassshenoticedthatherstudentslovedit.Shetoldherbrother-in-law,JoeMcVicker,whohappenedtoworkwithhisuncle,theinventor,Noah.

Thesoapcompanyquicklyrealizedthepotential,pulleditasacleaningproductandbeganmarketingitasachild'stoy.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第二篇Whilststudyingcathoderaytubes,oneGermanphysicist,WilhelmRoentgen,managedtodiscoverX-Raysinadvertently.Henoticedthatwhenthetubewasonsomenearbycrystalsomittedastrangefluorescentglow.

Heexperimentedwithsomeshieldedofthetubetoseeifitwouldhaveanyeffectonthephenomenon.Hecorrectlysurmisedthatthetubemustbeomittingsomekindofnewrayandsetouttoseeifhecouldblockit.

Hefirsttriedsomeheavyblackpaper,butthiswasutterlyineffectual.Wilhelmthenworkedaseriesofotherthickeranddensermaterialsandfound,tohissurprise,thatthesetoohadnoeffect.

Hequicklynotedthattheraysappearedtobeabletopassthroughmostobjectsbutleftatelltaleshadowfrommoresolidthings,likebonesandmetal.Inafamousexperimentin1895,heusedhiswife'shandtoproducetheveryfirstX-Rayimageofthehumanskeleton.

Hisdiscoverywouldsetthescientificworldalightandchancemedicaldiagnosisforever.Andallthisbypurechance-andalittleingenuityonWilhelm'spart,ofcourse.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第三篇IncredibleAccidentalScienceandTechnologicalDiscoveriesThatHaveChangedtheWorld

Purechance,orincompetence,dependingonyourpointofview,hasledtosomesignificantscientificdiscoveriesinthepast.Theseaccidentalsciencediscoveriesareproofpositiveofthat.

Notallgreatdiscoveriesweremadeonpurpose.Someincredibleaccidentalscienceandtechnologicaldiscoveriesmightnoteverhavehappenedifitluck(orclumsiness)hadn'tplayedapart.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第四篇Scienceisthestudyofunderstandingnaturalphenomenathroughrepeatedobservationandexperiment.Allthingsintheworldarerelatedtoscience.Wecanlearnbymanyways.

Forexample,wecanobservetheproblemswemaynotknowbyourselves,butitsscience,whichistheso-calledscientificmethod.ToreallyimprovethelevelofScience,weshouldnotlearnit,butexperimentIt'sbecausetheexistenceofscienceisduetothesuccessfuldiscoveryofotherscientists,whohavediscovereditthroughexperiments.Therefore,thebestwaytolearnscienceistotestyourself.

中文翻譯：

科學(xué)是一門通過反復(fù)的觀察和實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)理解自然現(xiàn)象的研究世界上所有的事情都與科學(xué)有關(guān)我們可以通過很多方法來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)例如，通過我們自己觀察我們可能不知道的問題，但是它的科學(xué)，這就是所謂的科學(xué)方法，要真正提高科學(xué)水平，我們不應(yīng)該學(xué)它，而應(yīng)該去實(shí)驗(yàn)它，因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)的存在是由于其他科學(xué)家的成功發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們通過實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)的。因此，學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)的最好方法是自己測(cè)試。

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第五篇Source:RajithaRanasinghe/Flickr

Penicillinisprobablythemostfamousexampleofanaccidentalscientificdiscovery.ThegreatSirAlexanderFlemingnoticed,in1928,astrangegrowthononeofhisPetridishes.

ThevenerableProfessorofBacteriologyhadbeengrowingculturesofStaphylococcusbacteriaatthetime.Thiscuriousgrowthappearedtopreventthebacteriafromdevelopinginitsimmediatevicinity.

HelatermadeapurecultureofthestrangesubstanceandfounditwasactuallyaformofPenicilliummold.

Flemingwouldlatercointheterm"Penicillin"todescribethefiltrateofabrothcultureofthemold.Aftersomefurtherwork,itwassoonrealizedthatthiscouldhavesomevitaldisinfectantapplications.

ThefirstofficialuseofPenicillinasacurewasperformedin1930byCecilGeorgePaine.Penicillinwouldquicklyopenuptheeraofantibioticsandsavecountlesslives.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第六篇DreamistheLighthouseoflife.Sailingyourway,lettheboatoflifestriveforthelastshore.Everyone'sdreamisdifferent.

Tobeanangel,tobeasoldier,tobeascientist,tobeacar,tobeanastronautisdifferent.Withdifferentposturesanddifferentexpressions,mydreamistobecomeascientist.Inmyeyes,scientistsaresacred,andthesciencechannelisalmostalwaysAscientisthasdiscoveredsomethingbeneficialtohumansociety,buttherearealsosomecelebritiesandtheirdiscoveriesinthebook,suchasMadameCurie'sdiscoveryofradioactiveelementradium,Einstein's"theory"and"relativity"derivedfrom"nuclearenergy",Roentgen'sdiscoveryofX-ray,Newton'sdiscoveryofgravity,beckler'sdiscoveryofnaturalradiation,andthePierrebrothers'inventionTheplane.

Thesearenewobjectsfoundinsomecommonthings,whichenhancedmycuriosityforscience.Torealizethisdream,Imuststudyhard,studymoreknowledge,letyouknowthatmoreiscontinuousstruggle,struggleforthedream,onlyinthisway,canmydreamcometrue.

中文翻譯：

夢(mèng)想，是生命的燈塔，航行著你的路，讓生命之舟為最后的岸而奮斗，每個(gè)人的夢(mèng)想都不一樣當(dāng)天使，當(dāng)戰(zhàn)士，當(dāng)科學(xué)家，一手當(dāng)車，當(dāng)宇航員夢(mèng)想是多樣的，以不同的姿勢(shì)和不同的表情，我的夢(mèng)想是成為一名科學(xué)家，在我眼里科學(xué)家是神圣的，科學(xué)頻道幾乎總是一位科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些對(duì)人類社會(huì)有益的東西，但是書中也經(jīng)常有一些名人和他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西，比如：居里夫人發(fā)現(xiàn)了放射性元素鐳，愛因斯坦的“理論”“相對(duì)論”衍生了“核能”，倫琴發(fā)現(xiàn)了X射線，牛頓發(fā)現(xiàn)了引力，貝克勒爾發(fā)現(xiàn)了自然輻射，皮埃爾兄弟發(fā)明了飛機(jī)。這些都是從一些普通事物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的新物體，這增強(qiáng)了我對(duì)科學(xué)的好奇心，要實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)夢(mèng)想，我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)，努力學(xué)習(xí)更多的知識(shí)，讓你知道更多的是不斷的奮斗，為了夢(mèng)想奮斗，只有這樣，我的夢(mèng)想才會(huì)最終實(shí)現(xiàn)。

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第七篇Viagrawasthefirsttreatmentforerectiledysfunction,butthatisn'twhatitwasoriginallyapprovedfor.

Pfizeroriginallyintroducedthechemicalslatternly,theactivedruginViagra,asaheartmedication.Duringclinicaltrialsthedrugprovedineffectiveforheartconditions.Butmennotedthatthemedicationseemedtocauseanothereffect—strongerandlongerlastingerections.

Eveniftheyhadn'tbeenabletomaintainanerectionbefore,theabilityreturnedwhiletheywereonViagra.

Pfizerconductedclinicaltrialson4,000menwitherectiledysfunction,andsawthesameresults.

Entertheageofthelittlebluepill.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第八篇Ifindthatthetechnologyofthemotherlandisconstantlyimproving,andtheSettingsoflifearechangingwitheachpassingday.

Look,thetechnologyontheroadissodeveloped!Thetrafficwasmovingbackandforthasfastaslightning.Idon'tknowhowcomfortableitistositinit.Bythesideoftheroad,therearecars,shininginthesun.Beforethat,itwasevenmoredifficulttobuyabicycle,letaloneacar.

Intheschool,everyclassroomisequippedwithairconditioning,evenifmorepeople,intotheinsidewillbeparticularlycool,canlistencarefully,likewinter.Theteachingbuildingisevenhigher,likethegiantstandingupright,youcanseefromafar.Asportsequipmentisfirst-class,advanced.WhenIthinkofit,itusedtobeagreathappinesstobeabletoreadabook,butnowitisnowonder.

Thetechnologyintheschoolissoadvanced,thesettinginthehomeisevenbetter.

Look,everyhouseholdinstalledairconditioning,colorTV,eventhebedisfullofflexibility.Thedecorationinsidetheroomissodelicate,thepaintofazureaddswhitepotterybrick,thecurtainofgreen,itisflawlessreally,letapersonfeeltoresembleenteredfairyland,makeapersoncompletelyintoxicated.Richpeoplenottomention,aflickeringvilla,thereareLCDcomputers,digitaltelevision......Theteachersaid,theyevenwatchTVallwanttogettogether,orblackandwhiteTV!

Ifindthewisdomofhumanisreallygreat,Ibelievethatthemotherlandwillbecomemoreandmorepowerful!

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第九篇Thehumblemicrowavewasactuallydiscoveredbypurechance.ARaytheonengineer,PercySpencer,wasworkingonsomeradar-relatedtechnologywhenhenoticedsomethinginteresting.

In1946,whilstconductingworkonanewkindofvacuumtube,henoticedthechocolatebarinhispocketmeltedquickerthanonemightexpect.

Thisclearlyintriguedhim,andhesoonrealizeditmustbesomethingtodowiththetubehewasworkingon.Heplayedaroundwiththetubebyaimingitatotherobjectslikeeggsandpopcornkernelsandnoticedtheyseemedtobecomeheated.

Percyquicklyrealizeditmustbesomethingtodowithmicrowaveenergythetubeemitted.Soonafter,Raytheonfiledapatentforthefirst"Microwave"in1945.

ThisledtothedevelopmentofthefirstfunctionalMicrowaveovenwhichweighed340kg.Calledthe"RadaRange"itstoodatalmostmeterstall.

Thefirstcountertoponeswerelaterintroducedin1965.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十篇Inperhapsthepurestdefinitionofirony,thediscoveryofgunpowderhadtheoppositeeffecttoitsintent.Itwasintendedtobeanelixirforendlesslifebuthassincebeenusedtorelievemanyoftheirs.

Infact,theChinesenameforgunpowderisHuǒyào,whichcanberoughlytranslatedto"firemedicine"inEnglish.

Chinesealchemistsinaroundthe9thCenturyADwereexperimentingwithwaystodevelopapotionforimmortality.Duringoneattempttheymixedsaltpeter,sulfur,andcharcoalbuttheresultwasveryunexpectedindeed.

Theysoonfoundoutthattheirnewcreationwasprettyexplosive,tosaytheleast.Itwasquicklyrealizedthatthisnewsubstancecouldbeprettyusefulindeed.

Gunpowderwasinitiallyusedinfireworksanditwouldnotbelongbeforeitwasemployedonthebattlefieldinabout1000AD.Ithassincechangedthefaceofwarfarebeyondallrecognition.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十一篇Source:Omegatron/WikimediaCommons

SuperGlue,orratherCyanoacrylate,wasanaccidentaldiscoveryduringtheSecondWorldWar.Itsdiscoverer,HarryCooverJunior,wasactuallytryingtofindawayofmakingclearplasticgunsights.

Whilstexperimentingwithaclassofchemicals,calledacrylates,henoticedhisformulawasfartoostickyfortheintendedapplication.Hesubsequentlyabandonedhisresearchandmovedon.

Afewyearslater,Cooverwasattemptingtofindanothersolutiontoproduceheat-resistantcoatingsforjetcockpits.Heandhisteamdecidedtotakeanotherlookatacrylates.

Duringtheresearchoneofhisteamcolleagues,FredJoynerspreadthecompoundbetweentwolensesforlaterexaminationunderarefractometer.

Totheirdismaythenoticedthelenseswerefirmlybondedtogether.Thistime,however,Cooverimmediatelyrealizedthecommercialpotentialforit.

ItwassoldunderthenameEastman#910asanadhesive.Therestishistory.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十二篇RoyPlunkettwasworkingintheDupontCompany'sJacksonLaboratoryin1938whenhestartedresearchingnewrefrigerants.Onesuchsubstanceheexperimentedwithwastetrafluoroethylene(TFE)gas.

Afterreturningtoanopencylinderhe'dstoredsomeofthegasin,hediscoveredastrangewhitepowderontheinside.Curiositycompelledhimtoconductsometestsonit,andhefoundthatitwasheatresistant,hadlowsurfacefrictionandwasinerttocorrosiveacids.

Itwas,effectively,anidealsubstanceforcookware.

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科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十三篇BackduringtheSecondWorldWar,oneNavalEngineer,RichardJames,wasworkingonsometechforwarships.Hewasattemptingtofigureoutawayofusingspringstopreventsensitiveinstrumentsfrombeingdamagedbyintensevibrations.

Whilstworkingonsomeprototypes,heaccidentallyknockedoneoffashelf.Insteadoffallingungracefullytothefloor,it"stepped"downinaseriesofobjectsbeforere-coilingandstandingupright.

Hewasastonishedandsomewhatamused.Richardlatertoldhiswifethat"IthinkifIgottherightpropertyofsteelandtherighttension;Icouldmakeitwalk."

Heexperimentedwithdifferenttypesofsteelwireandeventuallydevelopedaprototypethatneighborhoodchildrenadoredplayingwith.Hiswifedubbeditthe"Slinky"andtherestis,astheysay,history.

Thiswasn'tsomethingincrediblyground-breaking,itwasanexcitingandunexpectedeffect.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十四篇Thediscoverythatlaterallowedresearcherstofindinsulinwasanaccident.

In1889,twodoctorsattheUniversityofStrasbourg,OscarMinkowskiandJosefvonMering,weretryingtounderstandhowthepancreasaffecteddigestion,sotheyremovedthepancreasfromahealthydog.Afewdayslater,theynoticedthatflieswereswarmingaroundthedog'surine—somethingabnormal,andunexpected.

Theytestedtheurine,andfoundsugarinit.Theyrealizedthatbyremovingthepancreas,theyhadgiventhedogdiabetes.

Thosetwoneverfiguredoutwhatthepancreasproducedthatregulatedbloodsugar.Butduringaseriesofexperimentsthatoccurredbetween1920and1922,researchersattheUniversityofTorontowereabletoisolateapancreaticsecretionthattheycalledinsulin.TheirteamwasawardedtheNobelprize,andwithinayear,thepharmaceuticalcompanyEliLillywasmakingandsellinginsulin.

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十五篇Thisisthedifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology.Scienceisamethodtoanswertheoreticalquestions.Scienceisamethodtosolvepracticalproblems.

Scienceinvolvesthediscoveryoffactsandrelationshipsbetweenobservablephenomenainnature,andtheestablishmentoftheoreticaltechnologythathelpstoorganizethesefactsandrelationshipsandthetools,techniquesandproceduresforrealizingscientificdiscovery.AnotherdifferencebetweenscienceandtechnologyliesinthefactthatAscientistwhoseprogressdoesnotincludehumanfactors,whoseektounderstandtheuniverseandthetruthwiththehighestaccuracyandcertainty,cannotignorethelikesanddislikesofthemselvesorothers,orthepopularviewthatscientistsfindsomethingthatmayshockorangerpeople.Darwin'stheoryofevolutionmayshockpeople,butevenifitisunpleasantThefactthatit'spossibletobeuseful.

Inaddition,wecanchoosetorefusetobelieveit,butthereishardlyanytechnology.Wecan'tchoosetorefusetohearthesonicboomofsupersonicairplanesflyingoverhead.Wedon'tchoosetorefusetobreathepollutedair.

Unlikescience,technologicalprogressmustbeourslaves,notthereverse.Thelegitimatepurposeoftechnologyistoservethepeople,notjustsomepeopleandtheirdescendantsFuturegenerations,notonlythosewhonowwanttomakeprofitsforthemselves,arefamiliarwiththeabuseoftechnology.Manypeopleblametechnologyitselfforcausingwidespreadpollution,resourcedepletion,andeventhegeneraldeclineofsociety.

Italsomakesthepromiseoftechnologyvague,becausethepromiseisthatifthewiseapplicationofScienceandtechnologycannotbringaboutabetterworld,whatcanwedo.

中文翻譯：

這是科學(xué)與技術(shù)的區(qū)別科學(xué)是回答理論問題的一種方法科學(xué)是解決實(shí)際問題的方法科學(xué)涉及到發(fā)現(xiàn)自然界中可觀察現(xiàn)象之間的事實(shí)和關(guān)系，并建立有助于組織這些事實(shí)和關(guān)系的理論技術(shù)與實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的工具、技術(shù)和程序有關(guān)科學(xué)與技術(shù)的另一個(gè)區(qū)別在于科學(xué)的每一個(gè)進(jìn)步都不包括人類因素的科學(xué)家，他們尋求以最高的準(zhǔn)確性和確定性來(lái)理解宇宙和了解真相，不能忽視他們自己或他人的好惡，或是那些科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能會(huì)讓人震驚或憤怒的東西的流行觀點(diǎn)，達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論可能會(huì)讓人們感到震驚，但即使是一個(gè)令人不快的事實(shí)也很可能有用。此外，我們可以選擇拒絕相信它，但在技術(shù)方面卻幾乎沒有我們不能選擇拒絕聽到超音速飛機(jī)在頭頂上飛行所產(chǎn)生的音爆我們沒有選擇拒絕呼吸污染的空氣不像科學(xué)，技術(shù)進(jìn)步必須是我們的奴隸，而不是反過來(lái)技術(shù)的合法目的是為人民服務(wù)，不僅僅是一些人和子孫后代，不僅僅是那些現(xiàn)在想為自己謀取利益的人我們都熟悉技術(shù)的濫用許多人指責(zé)技術(shù)本身造成了廣泛的污染，資源枯竭，甚至社會(huì)的普遍衰敗，也使得技術(shù)的承諾變得模糊，因?yàn)槌兄Z是如果科學(xué)技術(shù)的明智應(yīng)用不能帶來(lái)一個(gè)更美好的世界，那還有什么可以呢。

科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并非偶然范文英語(yǔ)第十六篇Earlyworkonrubberhadbeensomewhatunderwhelming.Ithadtheannoyingtendencytoeitherfreezerockhardinwinterormeltinthesummersun.

Oneman,CharlesGoodyear,hadbeenexperimentingwiththismaterialforsometimeandwasstrugglingtoovercomethismaterialsshortcoming.Aftersomemoretrialanderror,hedecidedtoaddsomenitricacidthathadbeencoloredgold.

Thesubstanceturnedblack,andhethrewitaway,presumingitwasyetanotherfailure.Butafterrescuingitlat