外研版 九上 全冊(cè)語法

外研版九上六種時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)概念：現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志詞：1、頻度副詞——never從不、seldom很少、sometimes有時(shí)候、often經(jīng)常、usually常常、always總是2、every系列——everyday每天、everyweek每周、everyyear每年...3、次數(shù)——once一次、twice兩次、threetimes三次...twiceaweek一周兩次動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：1、動(dòng)詞原形（V）2、第三人稱單數(shù)——?jiǎng)釉~后-s/es助動(dòng)詞：do——否定形式→don’t（注：助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形）結(jié)構(gòu)：含be動(dòng)詞肯定句：主語+be（am、is、are）+其他例：Heisastudent.否定句：____________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________含行為動(dòng)詞的肯定句：主語+行為動(dòng)詞+其他例：Shereadsthisbookeveryday.否定句：______________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________注意：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)——第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則：1）大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“S”如：stop－______;make－______read－______;play－______2）以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的，要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，然后在加“es”如：fly－______；carry－______study－______;worry－______3）以“s,x,ch,sh”結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加“es”如：teach－______;watch－______4）以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加“es”如：go－______do－______（注：have的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是has）練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的變化形式have___________come___________go___________stay___________teach___________write___________take___________study___________watch___________fly__________用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I_______(be)astudent.Eachofus_______(have)strongpointsandweakpoints.Mydaughter_______(watch)TVeveryday.按要求改寫句子。Wegotoeveningschoolatnight.（改為否定句）_____________________________________________________________________Mybrotherworksinaradiofactory.（改為一般疑問句）_____________________________________________________________________HernameisMeiLing.（改為否定句）_____________________________________________________________________Youhavearedpencil.（改為否定句）_____________________________________________________________________Shehaslunchathome.（改為一般疑問句）_____________________________________________________________________二、一般過去時(shí)概念：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或行為。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：V-ed標(biāo)志詞：1、yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語：yesterday昨天、yesterdaymorning昨天上午、yesterdayafternoon昨天下午、yesterdayevening昨天晚上2、由“l(fā)ast+時(shí)間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語：lastnight上一晚、lastyear上一年、lastmonth上一個(gè)月、lastwinter上一個(gè)冬天3、由“時(shí)間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語：anhourago一個(gè)小時(shí)前4、其他：justnow剛剛助動(dòng)詞：did——否定形式→didn’t（注：助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形）結(jié)構(gòu)：1.含be動(dòng)詞肯定句：主語+be（was、were）+其他例：Hewasastudent.否定句：_____________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________2.含行為動(dòng)詞的肯定句：主語+行為動(dòng)詞+其他例：Shewentshoppingyesterday.否定句：_____________________________________________________________一般疑問句：_________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________注意：動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾-ed例如：look—________、play—________、start—________結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞后-d例如：live—________、hope—________、use—________末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed例如：stop—________、plan—________、trip—________結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的詞，先變y為i再加-ed。例如：study—________、carry—________不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞（要特殊記）練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空TomandMary________(come)toChinalastmonth.Mike________(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.Mary________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.Tom________(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.Mymother________(notdo)houseworkyesterday.There________(be)atelephonecallforyoujustnow.Howmanypeople________(be)thereinyourclasslastterm.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)概念：表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：be（am/is/are）+動(dòng)詞-ing標(biāo)志詞：now、atthismoment、look、listen等結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+be動(dòng)詞（am、is、are）+doing例：WearehavingEnglishclass.否定句：_____________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞（V-ing）構(gòu)成：1）一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加ingread_________drink_________listen_________jump___________2）以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加ingwrite_________make_________ride__________take_____________3）以重讀閉音節(jié)而末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母+一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加ing.sit_________swim________put__________run____________練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁誐yparents________(watch)TVnow.Look!Threeboys________(run).What________yourmother________(do)now?________you________(listen)tomusic?Yes,Iam.Tomandhissister________(wait)foryouoverthere.四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：was/were+V-ing標(biāo)志詞：thismorning今天早上、thewholemorning整個(gè)早上、alldayyesterday昨天一整天、fromninetotenlastevening昨晚從九點(diǎn)到十點(diǎn)、when,當(dāng)...時(shí)候、while當(dāng)...時(shí)候結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+be（was/were）+doing例：HewasplayingbasketballwhenIsawhimyesterday.否定句：______________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁誌______(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.Mary______(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.What______you______(do)atthattime?We__________(watch)TV.They__________(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim.__________they__________(have)ameetingat4yesterdayafternoon.五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)概念：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+done標(biāo)志詞：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)、for+時(shí)間段、inthepastfewyears、already已經(jīng)（肯定句）、yet尚、還沒（否定句）已經(jīng)（疑問句）、just剛剛、before之前、recently最近、lately最近、ever曾經(jīng)、never從不、twice兩次、severaltimes幾次、just剛剛、uptopresent/now直到現(xiàn)在、sofar到目前為止等等。結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+have/has+done+其他例：Ihavebeenthereforoneyear.否定句：______________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________練習(xí)：一、用since和for填空（since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)、for+時(shí)間段）_______twoyears2._______twoyearsago3._______lastmonth_______19955._______yesterday6._______4o’clock_______anhourago二、用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?.She_________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem_________(be)inHongKongfortendays.3.Bothofthem_________(come)toHongKongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour_________(pass)sincethetrain_________(leave)六、一般將來時(shí)概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形、will+動(dòng)詞原形標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow（明天）、nextday/week/month/year下一天/周/月/年、soon一會(huì)、thedayaftertomorrow后天…結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+be（am、is、are）goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他例：Wearegoingtoplaybasketballtoplayfootballtomorrow.否定句：_____________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________肯定句：主語+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他例：HewillgotoBeijingnextmonth.否定句：_____________________________________________________________一般疑問句：__________________________________________________________肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________________練習(xí)：單項(xiàng)選擇1.Charlie_________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork2.He_________verybusythisweek,he_________freenextweek.A.Willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe3.There_________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe4.--______you______freetomorrow?--No,I______freethedayaftertomorrow.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe5.Mother______meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.giveD.give綜合練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Hesaidhe_______(try)todrawaballontheblackboardatthattime.There_______(be)astrongwindtothenorthoftheYellowRiverintwodays.It’slatespring.Theweather_______(get)warmerandwarmer.Thefilm_______(notbegin)until8lastnight.Wouldyoulike_______(join)us,Jack?Mysisteralways_______(wash)herclothesatweekends.Sheenjoysthat.Mike_______(draw)abeautifulpicturelastnight.Look!Somechildren_______(skate)there.Paul_______(play)thepianowhenIsawhim.JimandTom_______(know)eachothersince2003.二、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.

________

you___________

your

homework

now?

Are,

do

B.

Do,

do

C.

Will,

do

D.

Are,

doing

(

)2.

Look,

they

__________

a

good

time.

has

B.

have

C.

are

having

D.

had

(

)3.

Mr.

Black

often

________

fishing

on

Sundays.

A.

go

B.

goes

C.

don’t

go

D.

isn’t

go

(

)4.

_________

your

father

usually

go

to

work

early

every

day?

A.

Was

B.

Were

C.

Do

D.

Does

(

)4.

When

I

________________

her

in

the

hall,

she

was

playing

the

piano.

A.

see

B.

saw

C.

will

see

D.

am

seeing

(

)5.

He

turned

off

the

lights

and

then

_______________

the

classroom.

A.

leaves

B.

will

leave

C.

is

leaving

D.

left(

)6.I_____atthisschoolfortwoyears.A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudied(

)7.They_________inthecitysincelastsummer.liveB.didn'tliveC.havelivedD.live外研版九上時(shí)間狀語從句一、時(shí)間狀語從句連接詞當(dāng)...的時(shí)候while、as、when..就assoonas概念如果我們用從句來表達(dá)一件事情或一個(gè)行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間，那么這個(gè)從句就叫時(shí)間狀語從句。常見引導(dǎo)詞when、while、before、after、after、until、since和assoonaswhen和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句when和while“當(dāng)...的時(shí)候”例：IwilltellyouaboutthatthingwhenImeetyou.WhenIseethephoto,Ican’thelpthinkingofPaul.（when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句既可以表示點(diǎn)時(shí)間，也可以表示時(shí)間的延續(xù)，即表示一段時(shí)間，因此從句的謂語動(dòng)詞既可以是瞬間動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。此外，從句的動(dòng)作既可與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可先后發(fā)生。）例：JennywenttothemovieswhileIwashavingaclass.MumwaspreparingfordinnerwhileIwascleaningtheroom.（While引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示時(shí)間的延續(xù)，即表示一段時(shí)間，而不是瞬間，因此從句的謂語動(dòng)詞不能是瞬間動(dòng)詞。此外，主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句所表示的時(shí)間段之內(nèi)或主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。）before/after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句before“在...之前”→（反義詞）after“在...之后”例：Writeitdownbeforeyouforget.IwillcallyouafterIhearfromhim.until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句Until“直到...時(shí)、到...為止”，它表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻。常用結(jié)構(gòu)“not...until...”直到....才...例：Theylittleboydidn’tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句Since“自從、自...以來”，多數(shù)情況下主句用完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。例：MissLihaslivedinShanghaisinceshecametoChina.assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句assoonas“一...就...”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作緊跟著從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。（主將從現(xiàn)）例：I’llsendyouanemailassoonasIgetthere.綜合練習(xí)：單項(xiàng)選擇題MrSmithhasahabitoftakingashower________hehasbreakfast.thoughB.beforeC.becauseD.since--Mike,whatwereyourparentsdoingat8:00lastnight?--Mymotherwasreading________myfatherwasplayingcomputergames.whileB.whenC.unlessD.aslongas_______yousmileattheothers,theywillsmileback.BeforeB.WhenC.UntilD.ThoughDon’tgoout______therainstops.Otherwise,you’llgetwet!afterB.sinceC.whenD.untilWuYifanwillhelpwiththehousework________hegetshomeafterschool.A.sinceB.whileC.whenD.until6.--Longtimenosee!--Oh!It_______fiveyearssincewemetlasttime.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.havebeenHedecidedtoeatsomething______heswamfortwohours.A.sinceB.whileC.thoughD.after用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空We’llcometovisityouassoonaswe_________(get)toBeijing.Edwarddidn’tleavehisofficeuntilhe______(finish)allhiswork.WhileTina_______(ride)abike,shewassinging.Shehastravelledtomanycountrieswithherhusbandsinceshe______(get)married.Whenyou_____(see)Peter,youwilllikehim.Whenthebaby________(sleep),thechildrenranintothehouse.We_________(notleave)untilourparentscamebackhome.外研版九上原因、目的和結(jié)果狀語從句一、原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:as（因?yàn)?由于）,because（因?yàn)椋?since（既然）（注意：because和so不能同用在一個(gè)句子里）例：Bettyhadastomachachebecausesheatetoomuchicecream.Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.比較：because,since,asbecause語勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，表示不知道的原因用because，即說話人認(rèn)為聽話人不知道。因此because從句是全句最重要的部分，通常被放置于主語之后。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或since。目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：sothat（以便）目的狀語從句的謂語常含有may、might、can、could、should、will、would等例：IgotupearlysothatIcangettoschoolontime.=IgotupearlyinorderthatIcangettoschoolontime.=Igotupearlyinordertogettoschoolontime.=Igotupearlysoastogettoschoolontime.結(jié)果狀語從句常見的引導(dǎo)詞：so…that（如此...以致...）,such…that（如此...以致...）、so（因此、所以）例：Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.Sheissuchalovelygirlthateveryonelovesher.Daddyboughtalotoffood,sowecanhaveabigdinnerthisevening.讓步狀語從句常見引導(dǎo)詞：although（雖然、盡管）、though（雖然、盡管）（注意：although、though都不能與but連用）例：Althoughheisbusy,hetakesexerciseeveryday.綜合練習(xí)：一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.________he'sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A．ThoughB．SinceC．ForD．So()2.—Doyouknowifhe________toplaybasketballwithus?—Ithinkhewillcomeifhe________freees;isB．comes;willbeC．willcome;isD．willcome;willbe()3.Inthezoo,ifachild________intothewaterandcan'tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup________him.A．willfall;tohelpB．falls;tohelpC．willfall;helpD．falls;helping()4.Idon'tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.whatB．whichC．whereD．Who()5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.A．comesB．comeC．willcomeD．iscoming()6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren________crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A．not;beforeB．don't;whenC．notto;untilD．not;after()7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday____therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A．whenB．thatC．untilD．because()8.I'llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.A．willbeB．shallbeC．a(chǎn)mD．was()9.________itwasblowingheavily,________thefarmerswentonworkinginthefields.A．Though;/B．Though;butC．Because;/D．Because;so()10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons________yougoouttoplay.A．beforeB．a(chǎn)fterC．whenD．while()11.Ihurried________Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A．sinceB．sothatC．a(chǎn)sifD．unless()12.________youhavetostayathome,you'dbettergooveryourlessons.A.ThoughB.AfterC.SinceD.Before()13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice________allthestudentscouldhearhim.A．forB．sothatC．becauseD．inorder()14.Hetookoffhiscoat________hefelthot.A．becauseB．orC．ifD．so()15.Theydeveloptheirskills________theycandothingsbetterandbetter.A．howeverB．becauseC．sinceD．sothat外研版九上if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句（1）學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：了解并掌握if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的意思了解并掌握if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的位置了解并掌握if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的用法if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的意思如果....，就....if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的位置有幾種情況ifyougotoLondon,makesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum.ShewillgotoAmericaforEnglishstudyifMarypassestheexam.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicnextweek.Workhardifyouwanttosucceed.HethinksitwillgowrongifIplaygamesonit.分析一下結(jié)構(gòu)：____________________________________________________________________________練習(xí)：判斷下列句子的主從句1.ifyougotoLondon,makesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum.2.ShewillgotoAmericaforEnglishstudyifMarypassestheexam.3.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicnextweek.4.Workhardifyouwanttosucceed.5.HethinksitwillgowrongifIplaygamesonit.if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的用法(A)IfyouevergotoLondon,makesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum.Workhardifyouwanttosucceed.Ifyoudon’tlikewatchingTV,readingabook.Putonsomewarmclothesiftheweathergetscolder.Ifyoudonotfeelwell,pleasegotoseethedoctor.總結(jié)：______________________________________練習(xí)：Ifyou_________(want)toseeoldmachines_________(go)tomuseum.Ifyou_________(visit)London,_________(take)aboattripontheriver.Ifthecomputerdoesnot_________(start)immediately,_________(wait)foroneminute.Iftheweather_________(get)colder,_________(put)onwarmclothes.Ifanystudent_________(have)ahighfever,_________(send)him/hertotheschooldoctoratonce.Ifyou_________(want)toknowhowitworks,_________(read)thebook.(B)IfIstartafterdinner,I’llfinishitbeforeIgotobed.Ifyoudoalltheseotherthings,youwon’thavetimetostudy.Ifyouoffertodosomehousework,hewillrealisethatyouareverysorry.HethinksitwillgowrongifIplaygamesonit.總結(jié)：____________________________________________________________________________Jointhesentencewithif.例：Listeninclass,oryouwillnotunderstandwhattodo.→Ifyoudonotlisteninclass,youwillnotunderstandwhattodo.Eatbreakfast,oryouwillgethungryatschool._____________________________________________________________________Hurryup!Youwillbelate._____________________________________________________________________Readthebookcarefully.Thenyouwillnotmakemistakes._____________________________________________________________________Don’twatchtoomuchTV,oryoureyeswillhurt._____________________________________________________________________Workharder!Youwillgethighermarks._____________________________________________________________________練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Whatwillyoudoifit_______(rain)tomorrow?We_______(notgo)forawalkifitrainsthisafternoon.Youmaygoswimmingifyou_______(finish)yourhousework.They’llgohikingifit_______(notsnow)tomorrow.Yourmother_______(be)angrywithyouifyoudon’tdoyourhomework.外研版九上if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句（2）一、祈使句和if從句

什么是祈使句？英語祈使句用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告

禁止等的句子叫作祈使句

肯定結(jié)構(gòu)

(1).

Do型

Please

have

a

seat

here.請(qǐng)這邊坐。

(2).Be型

Be

a

good

boy!要做一個(gè)好孩子！

(3).

Let型

Let

me

help

you.讓我來幫你。

否定結(jié)構(gòu)

(1).

Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t構(gòu)成。

不要忘記我！__________________________

上學(xué)不要遲到！________________________________

.Let型的否定式有兩種：Don’t

let

sb.

do

sth.

和

Let

sb.

not

do

sth.

別讓他走。_________________________

/

_______________________________________

(3).

有些可用no

幵頭，用來表示禁止性的祈使句。

禁止吸煙.

_________________________

禁止釣魚__________________________________

二、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句

（一）if

條件句的時(shí)態(tài)搭配：

1.

if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來時(shí)

If

he

runs,

he____________

(get)

there

in

time.

如果他用跑的，他就會(huì)及時(shí)趕到那兒。

2.

if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用may/might/can/must/should

If

it

stops

snowing,

we

________

_______

out.

如果雪停了，我們就可以出去。

3.

if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用祈使句

If

you

want

to

lose

weight,

__________________________.

如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。

二．同義句的轉(zhuǎn)化：

條件狀語從句和主句還有一個(gè)共同的伙伴，有時(shí)它可以替代從句和主句，它就是“祈使句+and

/

or+簡單句”。其中and表示句意順承；or則表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“否則”。例：

1.

If

you

work

harder,

you’ll

pass

the

exam.

=

_____________,

and

you’ll

pass

the

exam.

如果你再努力些，你就會(huì)通過考試。

2.

If

you

don’t

hurry

up,

you’ll

miss

the

train.

=

Hurry

up,

________________________.

如果你不快點(diǎn)兒，你就趕不上火車了。

【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】

句型轉(zhuǎn)換（同義轉(zhuǎn)換）

You

must

be

quick.

If

not,

you’ll

miss

the

early

bus.

=

______quick,

______you’ll

miss

the

early

bus.

2.

Put

on

your

coat,

or

you’ll

catch

a

cold.

=

______you

______put

on

your

coat,

you’ll

catch

a

cold.

3.If

you

don’t

help

me,

I

can’t

finish

my

work

on

time.

=______help,

I

can’t

finish

my

work

on

time.

4.

If

you

play

basketball

here,

you

may

break

the

windows.

=

______play

basketball

here，______you

may

break

the

windows.

三．主從句的位置

大多數(shù)情況下，從句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。不過從句在前時(shí)，主從句之間必須用逗號(hào)隔開。例如：

Please

tell

me

if

he

comes

back.

如果他回來了，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲。

=

____________________________________________

四．if的兩面性

if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí)意為“如果”，如果引導(dǎo)賓語從句則意為“是否”。請(qǐng)比較：

1)

We

will

go

out

if

it

is

fine

tomorrow.

I

don’t

know

if

the

train

has

arrived.

句1)

中if引導(dǎo)的是______從句。這個(gè)從句表示“條件”，修飾主句。整個(gè)句子的意思是“_________________________________________”。句2)

中if引導(dǎo)的是_______從句，充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞don’t

know的賓語，整個(gè)句子的意思是“_______________________”。

【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】

—Mike

wants

to

know

if________

a

picnic

tomorrow.

—Yes.

But

if

it________,

we’ll

visit

the

museum

instead.

A.

you

have;

will

rain

B.

you

will

have;

will

rain

C.

you

will

have;

rains

D.

will

you

have;

rains

【綜合練習(xí)】

一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.

If

there

__________(be)

fewer

trees,

there

_______________(

be)

more

pollution.

2.

If

Marcia

_____________(live)

alone,

she

________________(

keep)

a

pet

parrot.

3.

Lana

_____________(

buy)

a

new

dress

if

the

old

one

__________(be)

out

of

style.4.

If

Mr

Green

________(say)

I

am

hard-

working,

my

parents

_________(

feel)

glad.

5.I

____________(go)

to

the

beach

if

it________________

(

not

rain)

this

week.

6.He

________

(write)

a

letter

to

his

dad

if

he

______

(get)

his

report

card

this

week.7.

If

she

____________(get)

up

late,

she

_____________

(

not

catch)

the

early

bus.

8.

Peter________

(major)

in

English

if

he

______(pass)

the

exams

in

Peking

University.

二．完成句子

1.

如果努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)取得好成績。

If

you__________

_________,

you

___________

__________

good

_____________.

2.

他如果看電視太久了，他的父母會(huì)不高興。

If

he

_________

TV

too

much,

his

parents

__________

__________

unhappy.

3.

如果我們?yōu)樗M織生日聚會(huì)，大家都會(huì)來的。

Everyone

_________

_______

if

we

_____________

a

birthday

party

__________

him.

4.

如果明天不下雨，我會(huì)和你一起去公園的。

If

it

__________

__________

tomorrow,

I

______________

go

to

the

park

_________

you.

5.

如果他有空，他會(huì)幫助你的。

If

he

________

_________,

he

________

_________

you.

6.

你如果抄同學(xué)的作業(yè)就不能學(xué)好各門功課。

You

_______

_____

good

at

all

the

subjects

if

you

______

the

other

students’

homework.

Please

call

me.

You

don’t

arrive

at

the

airport

in

time.(合并為一句）

________________________

if

you

don’t

arrive

at

the

airport

in

time.

8.

如果你生病了，請(qǐng)給醫(yī)生打電話。（根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子）

If

you

are

ill,

please

________________________.

如果它現(xiàn)在不能工作，等幾分鐘，再試試。（根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子）

If

it

________________________

(not

work),

wait

for

a

minute

and

then

try

again.

如果你不想聽音樂，就關(guān)掉收音機(jī)。（根據(jù)漢語意思及提示完成英語句子）

____________

(turn

)

off

the

radio

if

you____________

(not

want)

to

listen

to

music.

11．

If

you

____________（want）to

know

how

it

works,

read

the

instructions.

_________________

(not

touch)

the

machine.

It’s

too

dangerous.

13．

No

_______________

(shout)

,

my

child.

This

is

a

public

place.

If

it

____________________

(not

work),

_____________

(wait)

for

a

minute.

單項(xiàng)選擇（）1.We’llgohikingifit________finetomorrow.willbeB.isC.beD.isn’t（）2.Ifshe________slowly,theancient________happen.drives;doesn’tB.willdrive;won’tC.drives;won’tD.willdrive;doesn’t（）3.Maybeyou________ifyoumakesomebadfriends.GowrongB.arewrongC.goingwrongD.willgowrong（）4.Ifyourparents________late,what________theydo?A.getup;doB.willgetup;willC.getup;willD.willgetup;do（）5.IfJohn________thebill,hisparents________veryhappy.A.pays;willbeB.willpay;willbeC.pays;areD.willpay;are（）6.Ifyou________totheparty,you’llhaveagreattime.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.going（）7.Whatwillyoudoifyou________totheoldfolk’shomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingD.willgo（）8.I’llgivethebooktohimifhe________herenextSunday.A.willcomeB.comesC.incomingD.came（）9.Youwillseemanyauntsdancingtogetheronsquareifit______intheevening.doesn’trainB.rainsC.willrainD.won’train（）10.Stopsmoking,Joe!You______yourselfifyoukeepondoingitlikethat.A.WillkillB.havekilledC.killD.killed（）11.Therewillbelesspollution______morepeopleusepublictransportation.A.butB.thoughC.unlessD.if（）15.______wekeepourheartopen,wecanexperiencesthehappinessfriendshipbringsus.A.SinceB.IfC.UnlessD.Though外研版九上被動(dòng)語態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：了解什么是被動(dòng)語態(tài)（意義、基本結(jié)構(gòu)）掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)的肯定句、否定句以及一般疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)。掌握如何把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的意義被...；由...被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)be+及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（be動(dòng)詞無詞義，但有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)歸納1歸納1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：be（am/is/are）+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有時(shí)不需要說明動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，（by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者）可以省略?！驹囈辉嚒坑盟o動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空Ourclassroom________(clean)byuseveryday.Breakfast________(make)bymymothereveryday.They________(influence)bygreatbook.歸納歸納2：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+________+________+（by...）否定句：主語+________+not+________+（by...）一般疑問句：________+主語+________+（by...）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+________+主語+________+（by...）？【試一試】句式轉(zhuǎn)換1、Thetwostudentsarechosenasourmonitors.（改為否定句）Thetwostudents________________asourmonitors.Thispieceofmusiciswrittenbyhim.（改為一般疑問句）________thispieceofmusic________byhim?Heispunishedforhisbadbehaviour?（畫線部分提問）________________he________？歸納3：歸納3：當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語時(shí)，直接賓語和間接賓語都可作被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，直接賓語作主語時(shí)，間接賓語前須加介詞to（如動(dòng)詞give、show、lend、send、pass、bring等）或for（如動(dòng)詞buy、make、get等）【試一試】把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)Jimsendsmeemailsattimes.=I________________emailsbyJimattimes.Email________________________mebyJimattimes.Imakeheracakeonherbirthday.She________________acakeonherbirthday.=Acake________________________heronherbirthday.歸納歸納4：在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語為省略的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，必須保留to；常見的動(dòng)詞有see、hear、make等。Beseentodo/beheardtodo/bemadetodo【試一試】把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)1、Iseehimplaybasketballattimes.He________________________playbasketballattimes.Thebossmakestheworkersworkfor12hoursaday.Theworkers________________________workfor12hoursaday.歸納歸納5：當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后不可省略后面的介詞或副詞?！驹囈辉嚒堪丫渥痈臑楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)1、MrsGreentakesgoodcareofthechild.Thechild________________________________________byMrsGreen.過關(guān)測試把句子改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Bettywritesalettereveryweek.Aletter________________________Bettyeveryweek.PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.English________________inmanycountries.Theymakecarsinthefactory.Cars________________inthefactory.Everyonewarnsherabouthersafetyonthewayhome.She________________abouthersafetyonthewayhome.Heoftenaskshissontodosomeshoppinghimself.Hisson________________________todosomeshoppinghimself.Doyouoftentidyupyourroom?________yourroomoften________________byyou?Idon’tdohouseworkontheweekends.Housework________________ontheweekdaysbyme.完成句子我受到他的思想影響。I____________________hisideas.一些新單詞被包含在這篇課文中。Somenewwords_____________________inthistext.我們每周放學(xué)后打籃球兩次。Basketball__________________afterschooltwiceaweek.英語被認(rèn)為是最重要的學(xué)科之一。English_________________oneofthemostimportantsubjects.每年舉行一次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。Thesportsmeeting_______________everyyear.這個(gè)小孩由她照顧的。Thechild_____________byher.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)歸納：一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)歸納：一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞否定結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：_____________+主語+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞【寫一寫】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、Jim_____________(choose)tobeacoachlastyear.2、Thesebooks_____________(write)byGuoJingmingin2011.3、I_____________(encourage)toworkhardatEnglishbyMissLiyesterday.4、Myparents_____________(invite)toaweddinglastnight.5、Hisnewbook_____________(notmake)intoafilmlastyear.6、They_____________(nottell)togotoanimportantpartylastyear.7、___________JimandLingling__________(send)toBeijingforastudylastmonth?專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.Myhomework__________________________everyday.Shelooksaftermybabyontheweekdays.Mybaby_______________________________________byherontheweekdays.TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.English__________________________inCanada.WeplanttreesinNorthChina.Manytree__________________________inNorthChina.CharlesDickenswrotethissadnovel.Thissadnovel_______________________________________CharlesDickens.Theybuiltafamouscastle（城堡）in1173.Afamouscastle__________________________in1173.MrKingfinishedtheworkyesterday.Thework__________________________byMrKingyesterday.DoyoulikeEnglish?_____________English_____________byyou?DoesLinglingusethisknifeforcuttingpork?_____________thisknife_____________forcuttingporkbyLingling?Didthey