Unit+3+Conservation+Lesson+1+The+Sixth+Extinction+高二英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊

Unit3ConservationLesson1TheSixthExtinction導(dǎo)重點詞塊1．a(chǎn)ttherateof…________________2．bebasedon…________________3．layeggs________________4．beatrisk________________5．wipeout________________6．dieout________________7．upto…________________8．inshort________________9．a(chǎn)ccordingto________________10．takesteps________________11．betoblame________________

以……的速度/比例基于……

產(chǎn)卵/下蛋處境危險；受到威脅徹底毀滅消失；絕跡；滅絕高達(dá)……

簡而言之根據(jù)；按照采取措施把……歸咎于

dieout/becomeextinctwipeoutunusualmassendangered分手

她的心情affectPre-reading1.HowmanytimesuptotodayhaslifeonEarthalmostdiedout?a.Onceb.Fivetimesc.Morethan10times2.AboutwhatpercentofallspeciesonEarthbecameextinctduringthemassextinctionknownasthe“GreatDying”?a.Lessthan10%b.Nearly50%c.Morethan90%3.Whatdoscientiststhinkwillcausethenextmassextinction?a.Humanactivityb.Naturalcausesc.UnknownreasonsHowmuchdoyouknowaboutthem?Choosetheoptionbasedonyourknowledge.4.Accordingtoscientists,whatarethereasonsforpreviousextinctions?

5.Whatdidscientistsfindoutinthe2015study?

6.Humanactivityhasnegativelyinfluencedonlyanimals.(T/F)第一段第7-8行Volcanoeruptions,asteroidshittingtheEarthfromspace,changesinsealevels,thedecreaseofoxygencontentofthesea,globalwarming第二段第七行Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1000timesfasterthannormal.FWhile-readingReadthetextaboutextinctionandfindthemainideaforeachparagraph.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4acauses/reasonsbwhatmighthappencwhatwecandodbackgroundhistory

backgroundinformationMainreasons

thatcauseextinctionsReadPara.1carefully.Summarizewhatdetailedinformationisinvolvedandfindevidencetosupportyourideasbasedonactivities3onpage54.ThesixthextinctionTwonotableextinctions

andtheirconsequencesThenumber

ofextinctionsthathaveoccurredsofar

Meaningofextinction:Activity3

BackgroundinformationExtinctions,

whereentirespeciesarewipedout,

arenotunusualinourEarth’shistory.物種滅絕，即某個物種的完全消失，在地球的歷史上并不罕見。主系表where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對extinctions進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明引出話題：滅絕Infact,

over90percentofallspecies

thateverlived

arenowextinct.Inthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivetimeswhenlifeonEarthhasalmostended.Theseincludethethirdmassextinction,knownasthe“GreatDying”,whichkilled90%to96%ofallspecies.

Andthefifthevent,whichoccurred66millionyearsago,causedthedeathofthedinosaurs.事實上主系表that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾specieswhen引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾fivetimes被稱為過去分詞做定語which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句表明事實：前5次滅絕Thereasonsforextinctionsarevaried.Accordingtoscientists,theyincludevolcaniceruptions,asteroidshittingtheEarthfromspace,changesinsealevels,thedecreaseoftheoxygencontentoftheseaandglobalwarming.ManyscientistssaywearenowenteringtheEarth’ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,humanactivitywillbetoblame.滅絕的原因各不相同，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為原因包括火山爆發(fā)、小行星從太空撞擊地球、海平面變化、海洋氧含量下降和全球變暖。許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球的第六次大滅絕即將來臨，這一次，人類活動是主要原因。根據(jù)應(yīng)受責(zé)備承上啟下分析原因

Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1,000timesfasterthannormal.Thereisalonglistofreasonswhysomanyspeciesaredyingout:airandwaterpollution,forestsbeingdestroyed,factoryfarmingandoverfishing.ItisclearthathumanactivityhasnegativelyaffectedallotherspeciesonEarth,includinganimalsandplants.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)人類活動導(dǎo)致物種滅亡的速度比正常情況快1000倍。這么多物種正在消亡的原因有很多：空氣和水污染、森林被毀、工廠化畜牧和過度捕撈。顯然，人類活動對地球上所有其他物種產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，包括動物和植物。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句why引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾reasons顯然Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therate

atwhichthisisnowhappening

is

causeforconcern.A2015studybyscientistswhowerebasedatBrownUniversityandDukeUniversityintheUS,lookedathowquicklyspeciesdieoutduetonaturalcauses,thatis,the“backgroundextinctionrate”.雖然物種的自然滅絕并不罕見，但現(xiàn)在滅絕的速度讓人擔(dān)憂。2015年在美國布朗大學(xué)和杜克大學(xué)的科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項研究，調(diào)查了物種自然狀態(tài)下滅亡的速度，即“背景滅絕率”。itis+adj+forsb+todosth

對于某人來說做某事是…主系attherate以…的速度表atwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾ratewho引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾scientists調(diào)查由于Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therate

atwhichthisisnowhappening

is

causeforconcern.A2015studybyscientistswhowerebasedatBrownUniversityandDukeUniversityintheUS,lookedathowquicklyspeciesdieoutduetonaturalcauses,thatis,the“backgroundextinctionrate”.雖然物種的自然滅絕并不罕見，但現(xiàn)在滅絕的速度讓人擔(dān)憂。2015年在美國布朗大學(xué)和杜克大學(xué)的科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項研究，調(diào)查了物種自然狀態(tài)下滅亡的速度，即“背景滅絕率”。itis+adj+forsb+todosth

對于某人來說做某事是…主系attherate以…的速度表atwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾ratewho引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾scientists調(diào)查由于

Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1,000timesfasterthannormal.Thereisalonglistofreasonswhysomanyspeciesaredyingout:airandwaterpollution,forestsbeingdestroyed,factoryfarmingandoverfishing.ItisclearthathumanactivityhasnegativelyaffectedallotherspeciesonEarth,includinganimalsandplants.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)人類活動導(dǎo)致物種滅亡的速度比正常情況快1000倍。這么多物種正在消亡的原因有很多：空氣和水污染、森林被毀、工廠化畜牧和過度捕撈。顯然，人類活動對地球上所有其他物種產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，包括動物和植物。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句why引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾reasons顯然一長串的Ifasixthmassextinctionoccurs,scientists

whohavestudiedtheissuebelievethatupto

threequartersofallspeciesonEarthcoulddieout.Ofcourse,aswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforoursurvival,wewouldalsobeatriskofdyingout.Ourworldandourlivesdependonthebalanceinnaturebetweenanimalsandplants.因為，由于

who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾scientists直到，多達(dá)依賴，取決于賓從冒著……的風(fēng)險Withoutforests,wewouldhavenoairtobreathe,andwithoutcleanwaterwewouldbeunableto

survive.

不能做

Canasixthextinctionbeavoided?Expertssaythatitisnotyet

toolate,ifwetakeaction

now.Thiswouldmeanwehavetosignificantlychangethewaywelive.避免~doing避免做賓從還沒有，還沒采取行動顯著地，極大地Forexample,weneedtotakestepsto

saveendangeredspecies,includingsettingupspecialareas

whereplantsandanimalscanbeprotected.Weneedtochangehowweworkandtravelbyusingcleaner,morenaturalsourcesofenergy,suchaswindandsolarenergy.采取措施做=takemeasurestodowhere引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾areas建立Wealsoneedtoimproveourfarmingmethodstoreducewater,airandlandpollution.Inshort,ifwewanttosurvive,weneedtostopdestroyingtheplanet

thatweliveonandstarttoprotectit.that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾planet檢ThesixthextinctionPara.1Lead-in:Introducingthetopic—Para.2-3Body:Thepresent______________:speciesaredyingoutfasterthannormal.Para.4-5_____________:Howto___________thesixthextinction.extinctionsituationConclusionavoidWhile-readingReadTheBlackRobinandanswerthequestion.1.Whatdidpeopledointhecasestudytoprotectblackrobins?2.Whichclaim(s)didthecasestudysupportinthetext?Thecasestudyshowedthatevenindesperatesituations,wecandosomethingtohelp.Inshort,it’snevertoolate.Post-readingUsedifferentcoloredpenstohighlightatleastoneexampleforeachofthefourelementslistedbelow.factsopinions/predictionsreasonssolutionsPost-reading·facts·reasons·opinions/predictions·solutions123231212331TheSixthExtinctionbackgroundinformationcausesconsequencesSolutionsmeaningofextinctionnumberoftimestwonotableextinctionsreasonsforextinctionsActivity5Activity7SummaryReadtheotherparagraphsandcompletethewholetextualstructurewithamindmap.Activity7Readtheotherparagraphsandcompletethewholetextualstructurewithamindmap.TheSixthExtinctionbackgroundinformationmeaningofextinctionnumberoftimestwonot