江蘇省南京市江寧區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南京市江寧區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whyarethespeakersunabletogoonvacationtwicethisyear?A.Themanhastorepairthehouse.B.Themanonlyhasoneweek’sleave.C.Theycannotaffordit.——★參考答案★——A2.WhenwillthewomanleaveTurkey?A.InJune. B.InJuly. C.InSeptember.——★參考答案★——C3.Whomightprintoutthedocuments?A.Mrs.Green. B.MissJones. C.Mr.Collins.——★參考答案★——B4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anartmuseum. B.Apainting. C.Anartist.——★參考答案★——C5.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttherestaurant?A.Thefood. B.Theservice. C.Theprice.——★參考答案★——A第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.WhatisArthurtryingtodo?A.Dothehousework. B.Focusonhisstudy. C.Singasong.7.WhoisCindyprobablytalkingto?A.Herclassmate. B.Herfather. C.Herbrother.——★參考答案★——6.B7.C聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthemanregretdoing?A.MajoringinAccounting.B.Becominganaccountant.C.Withdrawingfromtheaccountingcourse.9.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthiscurrentjob?A.It’sinteresting. B.It’sdull. C.It’sdifficult.10.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Introducethemantoherfriend.B.Workinherfriend’sfirm.C.Cookamealfortheman.——★參考答案★——8.C9.B10.A聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.WhatdoesBobdowhenshopping?A.Buywhathelikes. B.Buycheapthings. C.Overlooktheprices.12.InwhichaspectdoesLilyprobablyspendthemost?A.Clothes. B.Eating. C.Housing.13.HowmuchmoneydoesBobspendonclothesamonth?A.$2,000. B.$1,500. C.$500.——★參考答案★——11.B12.A13.C聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodo?A.Cancelthebooking. B.Enjoythetea. C.MaketeaforMike.15.WhyarethespeakersangrywithMike?A.Heforgottophonethem.B.Heistooaggressive.C.Hedidn’tkeeptheappointment.16.HowwillthemanprobablycommunicatewithMike?A.Byletter. B.Byphone. C.Inperson.——★參考答案★——14.B15.C16.A聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatinstrumentdidthespeakerplaywhenshewasyoung?A.Thepiano. B.Theguitar. C.Theviolin.18.Whereisthetheaterlocated?A.InLondon. B.InSydney. C.InNewYork.19.Whyiswinningthiscompetitionimportanttothelisteners?A.They’llmeetfamousperformers.B.They’llhaveabrighterfuture.C.They’llgetachancetotraveltheworld.20.Howmanyhourswilltheperformanceslast?A.Three. B.Four. C.Seven.——★參考答案★——17.A18.A19.B20.A第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGrammarCourseGrammarCourseisaself-paced,downloadablecoursedesignedtohelpyoulearnEnglishgrammarthroughreadingsandpracticeexercises.Intotal,itcontainsover175pagesofself-paced,grammarinstructionwithover150questionsandexercises!Thecourseisdesignedsothatyoucantakeitwithorwithoutinstructorsupport.Somepeopleprefertolearnontheirown;othersliketobeabletoaskforassistancewhentheyneedit.Ifyoutakethecoursewithinstructorsupport,you’llreceive60daysofemailcommunicationwithaqualifiedgrammarinstructor.Here’sWhatYou’llLearn!●Writeeffectivesentencesthatareeasytounderstand●Identifyandusebasicsentencecomponents●Identifyandcorrectsomeofthemostcommonproblemsrelatedtowritingsentences●Createandorganizeaparagraphproperly●Identifyandcorrectsomeofthemostcommonproblemsrelatedtowritingparagraphs●Usebasicpunctuationsuchascommas,periods,questionmarksandhyphens●Useadvancedpunctuationsuchasapostrophes,semi-colonsandcolons●IdentifycommonproblemswithpunctuationCertificationTheGrammarCourseisaself-paced,self-studyguide.Atthepresenttime,thereisnoformaltestingandthereforewedonotofferacertificateforthiscourse.StudentReviewsThesupportfrominstructorsisfirst-rate,andthecourseiswellpacedandallowsmetolearnquickly.—WilliamIlovedthecourse!Ifeelitcompletelyrefreshesmygrammarskills.—BuddyThereadingmaterialisexcellent.Theself-taughtgrammarpartwasexcellent.—EthanCourseInformationPricewithinstructorsupport:$49USPricewithoutinstructorsupport:$29US21.WhatkindofcourseisGrammarCourse?A.Itcanbedownloadedfreeofcharge.B.ItfocusesoncommonEnglishpunctuation.C.Itmakespeoplelearngrammarthroughpractice.D.Itisspeciallysuitableforprimaryschoolstudents.22.Whatarethestudents’attitudestowardsusingtheGrammarCourse?A.Indifferent. B.Supportive. C.Unfavorable. D.Cautious.23.Whatcanyouenjoyifyoupay$49forthecourse?A.Conversationsfacetoface. B.OnlineEnglishfriends.C.Contactwithclassmates. D.Instructors’helponline.——★參考答案★——21.C22.B23.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了一個(gè)名為GrammarCourse的英語語法課程，包括課程內(nèi)容、學(xué)習(xí)方式、價(jià)格以及學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià)等信息。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“GrammarCourseisaself-paced,downloadablecoursedesignedtohelpyoulearnEnglishgrammarthroughreadingsandpracticeexercises.”（GrammarCourse是一個(gè)自學(xué)的、可下載的課程，旨在通過閱讀和實(shí)踐練習(xí)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語語法。）可知，GrammarCourse是一個(gè)通過實(shí)踐來學(xué)習(xí)語法的課程，故選C。【22題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章學(xué)生的評(píng)價(jià)“Thesupportfrominstructorsisfirst-rate,andthecourseiswellpacedandallowsmetolearnquickly.—WilliamIlovedthecourse!Ifeelitcompletelyrefreshesmygrammarskills.—BuddyThereadingmaterialisexcellent.Theself-taughtgrammarpartwasexcellent.—Ethan”（教師的支持是一流的，課程節(jié)奏合適，使我能快速學(xué)習(xí)。——威廉我喜歡這門課！我覺得它完全刷新了我的語法技能?！偷祥喿x材料非常好。自學(xué)語法部分非常好。——伊桑）可知，學(xué)生對(duì)GrammarCourse的態(tài)度是支持的，故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ifyoutakethecoursewithinstructorsupport,you’llreceive60daysofemailcommunicationwithaqualifiedgrammarinstructor.”（如果你在老師的支持下學(xué)習(xí)這門課程，你將收到60天與合格語法老師的電子郵件交流。）以及下文“Pricewithinstructorsupport:$49US”（含教師支持的價(jià)格:49美元）可知，如果你支付49美元購買課程，你可以享受到教師的在線幫助，故選D。BAreasaroundthelatitude(緯度)of42degreesnorthoneartharemostlyknownfortheircoolandpleasantclimate.Butthereisoneexception,whichisfamousforitsincredibleheat.Thisisthe“FlamingMountain”inChina’snorthwesternXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion.Ofcourse,itisnotreally“burning”.Themountainisbarrenandred,withablackishtint(色調(diào)).Insummer,groundtemperaturescanbeashighas70-degreesCelsius.Peoplearetrickedbytheirsensesintoseeing“flames”.Theterrain(地形)isthemainreasonfortheheatoftheFlamingMountain.ItislocatedatthelowpointoftheTurpanBasinwhichisalsothelowestpointoftheChinesemainland.Theheightdifferencebetweenitandthesurroundingmountainsismorethan5000meters,sothehotairinthebasincannoteasilygoawayindifferentdirections.Asaresult,theFlamingMountainbecomesthehottestplaceonitslatitude.IfonegoesnorthfromthecountyseatofTurpan,followingwhatisknownastheRoadofGrapesforsome20km,onereachesadeepvalleyatthefootoftheFlamingMountain.ThereisnograssontheFlamingMountain,butthiscanyonnearbyisshadedbygrapes.Thedeepvalleyisonly8kilometerslongfromnorthtosouth,butitsannualoutputofgrapescanreachmorethan10millionkg.Almosteveryfamilyheregrowsgrapes.Afterharvest,theyaresenttoshadehousesfordrying.Theshadehousesarebuiltontheslopesofbarrenmountains,highupandwithnoshelter,soastomakefulluseofthehotdrywindsintheTurpanBasin.Therearemanyholesinthewallsoftheshadehouseswhichnotonlyhelpwithventilation(通風(fēng)),butalsohelpavoiddirectsunlightongrapes.Ittakesjust40daysforthefreshgrapestobedriedbythehotair.24.Theunderlinedword“barren”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans_______.A.highandsteep B.bareandpoorC.grassyandflourishing D.burningandflaming25.WhyisFlamingMountainthehottestplaceonitslatitude?A.Becauseitisinflames. B.Becausethereisnograssonit.C.Becauseofitsspeciallatitude. D.Becauseofitsspecialterrain.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheshadehouses?A.Almosteveryfamilyhasashadehouse.B.Theycanhousemorethan10millionkggrapes.C.Theyarespeciallybuilttodrythefreshgrapes.D.Theholesintheirwallsallowwindandsunlightin.27.Thepassageismostlikelytakenfrom_______.A.asciencereport B.atouristbrochureC.apublicadvertisement D.ageographicaldocumentary——★參考答案★——24.B25.D26.C27.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國新疆的火焰山的特殊地理環(huán)境和氣候條件，以及當(dāng)?shù)氐钠咸逊N植和曬干過程?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞后的“red,withablackishtint(色調(diào)).”（紅色的，帶有黑色的色調(diào)。）可知，這座山是荒蕪和貧瘠的，barren在這里應(yīng)該是指“荒蕪的，貧瘠的”，故選B?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Theterrain(地形)isthemainreasonfortheheatoftheFlamingMountain.ItislocatedatthelowpointoftheTurpanBasinwhichisalsothelowestpointoftheChinesemainland.Theheightdifferencebetweenitandthesurroundingmountainsismorethan5000meters,sothehotairinthebasincannoteasilygoawayindifferentdirections.”（地形是火焰山炎熱的主要原因。它位于吐魯番盆地的最低點(diǎn)，也是中國大陸的最低點(diǎn)。它與周圍山脈的高度差超過5000米，所以盆地中的熱空氣不能輕易地向不同的方向散去。）可推知，火焰山之所以是其緯度上最熱的地方，是因?yàn)槠涮厥獾牡匦危蔬xD?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Ittakesjust40daysforthefreshgrapestobedriedbythehotair.”（新鮮的葡萄只需要40天就可以被熱風(fēng)曬干。）可知，陰涼房是專門用來曬干新鮮葡萄的。故選C?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及第一段的“Areasaroundthelatitude（緯度）of42degreesnorthoneartharemostlyknownfortheircoolandpleasantclimate.Butthereisoneexception,whichisfamousforitsincredibleheat.Thisisthe“FlamingMountain”inChina’snorthwesternXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion.”（地球上北緯42度附近的地區(qū)以氣候涼爽宜人而聞名。但有一個(gè)例外，它以其驚人的熱量而聞名。這是中國西北部新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)的“火焰山”。）可知，文章主要介紹了火焰山的地理環(huán)境和氣候條件，以及當(dāng)?shù)氐钠咸逊N植和曬干過程。所以短文來自一部地理紀(jì)錄片，故選D。CIrememberthedayDadfirsttooktheviolinhome,andgatheredmymotherandmeinthelivingroom.Ifmythinsmiledidn’tmatchhissmile,itwasbecauseIhadprayedforaguitarorapiano.ThenDadannouncedthatIwouldstartlessonsthefollowingweek.Oneday,Ifoundaviolincase.“It’syourfather’s.”Momsaid.“Hisparentsboughtitforhim.Hegottoobusyonthefarmtoplayit.”Shortlyafter,mylessonsbeganwithMr.Zelli.ConfirmedIgotfineforthefirstlesson,Dadglowedwithhope.Thoughorderedtopracticehalfanhoureverydayforaconcert,Itriedtogetoutofit.Myfutureseemedtobewithoutplayingball.SometimesIcouldhearmyfriendsoutsideplayingheatedgames.“Idon’twanttoplayasolo,”Ishoutedtomyfather.“Youdidn’tgettoplayyourviolinwhenyouwereakid.SowhyshouldI?”Dadpointedatme,“Becauseyoucanbringpeoplejoy.Youcantouchtheirhearts.That’sagiftIwon’tletyouthrowaway.”Headdedsoftly,“Somedayyou’llhavethechanceIneverhad:youwillplaythebeautifulmusicforyourfamily.Andyou’llunderstandwhyyou’veworkedsohard.”IhadrarelyheardDadspeakwithsuchfeelingaboutanything.Fromthenon,Ipracticedwithoutmyparents’makingme.Finally,Ifinishedmysoloperformingwithoutamistake.AftertheconcertMomandDadcamebackstage.Thewaytheywalked—headshigh,facesflushed—Iknewtheywerepleased.Astheyearswentby,Ihadmyownfamily.Ibroughttheviolintomyhomeandputitintheattic.Thereitremainedadustymemory,untiloneafternoonmanyyearslater,mytwochildrendiscovereditbyaccident.WhenIopenedthecase,theyurged,“Playit,playit.”Surprised,Ifoundmyskillshadn’trustedaway.Soonthekidsweredancingincirclesandgiggling.EvenmywifeTerriwaslaughingandclappingtothebeat.Ifinallyknewwhatitmeanttoworkhardandsacrificeforothers.Dadhadbeenright:themostpreciousgiftistotouchtheheartsofthosewhoyoulove.Ittookmealmost30yearstodiscoverthelegacy.28.What’stheauthor’sfirstreactiontotheviolin?A.Hesmiledandtreasuredit. B.Hewasnotreadytoacceptit.C.Hedisbelievedit. D.Hewaskeenonit.29.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribemyDad’spersonality?A.Wiseandpersistent. B.Meanandstubborn.C.Richandwasteful. D.Reluctantandodd.30.Whendidtheauthorunderstandhisfather’smessageofplayingtheinstrument?A.Beforethesoloperformance. B.Withhiscompanions’tease.C.Withhisparents’growingold. D.Withhischildren’sdiscoveryoftheinstrument.31.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehardwaytobecomingamusician. B.Losingandgettingthesenseofmusic.C.Delightinglovedonesiswhatmusicisabout. D.Musicisthecureforpain.——★參考答案★——28.B29.A30.D31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者的父親讓作者學(xué)習(xí)小提琴，而作者并不樂意，直到某一次作者情緒爆發(fā)，得知父親堅(jiān)持要作者拉小提琴是因?yàn)樗龑⒂袡C(jī)會(huì)為家人演奏音樂。此后，作者懂得了父親的深意?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifmythinsmiledidn’tmatchhissmile,itwasbecauseIhadprayedforaguitarorapiano.(如果我單薄的笑容與他的笑容不符，那是因?yàn)槲移砬蟮玫揭话鸭蛞患茕撉?”可知，作者對(duì)小提琴的第一反應(yīng)是他還沒準(zhǔn)備好接受。故選B?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thoughorderedtopracticehalfanhoureverydayforaconcert,Itriedtogetoutofit.(雖然為了參加音樂會(huì)，我被要求每天練習(xí)半小時(shí)，但我還是設(shè)法不去練習(xí))”以及最后一段“Ifinallyknewwhatitmeanttoworkhardandsacrificeforothers.Dadhadbeenright:themostpreciousgiftistotouchtheheartsofthosewhoyoulove.Ittookmealmost30yearstodiscoverthelegacy.(我終于明白了為他人努力工作和犧牲的意義。爸爸說得對(duì)：最珍貴的禮物就是感動(dòng)你所愛的人的心。我花了將近30年的時(shí)間才發(fā)現(xiàn)這些遺產(chǎn))”可知，父親堅(jiān)持讓作者練習(xí)，并且作者最后明白了父親的苦心，說明父親明智而執(zhí)著。故選A。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thereitremainedadustymemory,untiloneafternoonmanyyearslater,mytwochildrendiscovereditbyaccident.WhenIopenedthecase,theyurged,“Playit,playit.”Surprised,Ifoundmyskillshadn’trustedaway.Soonthekidsweredancingincirclesandgiggling.EvenmywifeTerriwaslaughingandclappingtothebeat.(直到多年后的一個(gè)下午，我的兩個(gè)孩子偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了它。當(dāng)我打開盒子時(shí)，他們催促我：“彈吧，彈吧?！绷钗殷@訝的是，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的技能并沒有生銹。很快，孩子們就圍成一圈跳舞，咯咯地笑著。就連我的妻子特里也跟著拍手笑了起來)”以及最后一段“Ifinallyknewwhatitmeanttoworkhardandsacrificeforothers.(我終于明白了為他人努力工作和犧牲的意義)”可知，孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)樂器讓作者理解他父親彈奏樂器的意思。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifinallyknewwhatitmeanttoworkhardandsacrificeforothers.Dadhadbeenright:themostpreciousgiftistotouchtheheartsofthosewhoyoulove.Ittookmealmost30yearstodiscoverthelegacy.(我終于明白了為他人努力工作和犧牲的意義。爸爸說得對(duì)：最珍貴的禮物就是感動(dòng)你所愛的人的心。我花了將近30年的時(shí)間才發(fā)現(xiàn)這些遺產(chǎn))”結(jié)合講述了作者的父親讓作者學(xué)習(xí)小提琴，而作者并不樂意，直到某一次作者情緒爆發(fā)，得知父親堅(jiān)持要作者拉小提琴是因?yàn)樗龑⒂袡C(jī)會(huì)為家人演奏音樂。此后，作者懂得了父親的深意?？芍?，這篇文章的主旨是音樂的意義在于取悅所愛的人。故選C。DAreyourkeysnotinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can’trecallthetitleofabook?I’vehadthosemoments.Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid-70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10-minutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis26-30.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformofTaiChitwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points,meaningthatthey’regoingtogetthreeextrayearsbeforetheyhitthatdeclineintodementia.ResearchersalsotestedastrictertypeofTaiChi,calledCognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi,wheretheyprovidedextrachallenges.Forexample,participantswereaskedtospellaword,backwardandforward,astheymovedthroughaseriesofTaiChimoves.ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitcombinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikecomposingdancingmoves.32.Whyaretwoquestionsraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor’sdoubts. B.Toexpectanswersfromreaders.C.Toanalyzethecausesofforgetfulness. D.Tointroducethemaintopicofthetext.33.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Cognitiveassessmentmethods. B.Theprocessofrunningthetest.C.Cognitivemeasurementcriteria. D.Thetestresultsoftheparticipants.34.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“CognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi”?A.Itwasmorehelpful. B.Itwasmucheasier.C.Ittookmoretime. D.Itincludedlessmoves.35.WhydoesTaiChihaveapositiveimpact?A.Ithelpsdealwithchallenges. B.Itinvolvesmind-bodymovements.C.Itputsoffcognitivedeclinebythreeyears. D.Itimprovestheparticipants’academiclevel.——★參考答案★——32.D33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.(這些“大腦凍結(jié)”的例子提醒我們，我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能保持我們的大腦敏銳)”和第二段的“AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).(一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆)”可推知，文章開頭的兩個(gè)問題是為了引出“練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆”這個(gè)主題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10-minutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis26-30.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.(作為研究的一部分，所有參與者都參加了一個(gè)名為蒙特利爾認(rèn)知評(píng)估的10分鐘測(cè)試。正常的分?jǐn)?shù)是26-30。得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度損傷，這意味著他們沒有癡呆癥，但他們不像以前那么敏銳，可能需要更加努力地來維持日?；顒?dòng)，一旦他們的得分降至18分以下，人們經(jīng)歷相當(dāng)多的記憶喪失和認(rèn)知能力下降的損害)”可知，本段主要內(nèi)容是認(rèn)知測(cè)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.(練習(xí)這種增強(qiáng)認(rèn)知能力的太極拳的人得分提高了約3分，這意味著他們的認(rèn)知功能多了6年)”可知，“認(rèn)知增強(qiáng)太極拳”更有幫助。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitcombinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikecomposingdancingmoves.(為什么太極拳有效的理論是，它結(jié)合了動(dòng)作的記憶，幾乎像編排舞蹈動(dòng)作)”可知，太極之所以起到積極作用是因?yàn)樗婕吧硇倪\(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youknowexerciseisgoodforyou,butdoyouknowhowgood?Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter,havemoreenergyandevenaddyearstoyourlife._____36_____.Needmoreconvincingtogetmoving?Checkoutthesewaysthatexercisecanleadtoahappier,healthieryou.Exercisecontrolsweight.Exercisecanhelppreventtoomuchweightgainorhelpmaintainweightloss.Whenyoutakepartinphysicalactivity,youburncalories.Goingtothegymregularlyisindeedgreat,_____37_____.Youcanjustgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday.Forexample,takethestairsinsteadoftheliftorspeedupyourhousework.Consistencyiskey.Exerciseimprovesmood.Needtobehappy?Orneedtolowerstressafterastressfulday?Agymsessionorquickwalkcanhelp._____38_____.Youalsomayfeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-worth._____39_____.Regularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.Exercisesendsoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimprove,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.Exercisecanbefunandsocial.Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbefun:Theygiveyouachancetoenjoytheoutdoorsorsimplydoactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy._____40_____.Sotakeadanceclass,goforaswimorjoinasoccerteam.Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,andjustdoit.A.ExerciseboostsenergyB.ExercisepreventshighbloodpressureC.ExercisecanalsohelpyouconnectwithfriendsandneighborsD.Everyonebenefitsfromexercise,nomattertheirage,sexorphysicalabilityE.butdon’tworryifyoucan’tfindalargeamountoftimetodoiteverydayF.ItisadvisedtotakedifferentkindsofexercisetokeepfitG.Physicalactivitystimulatesbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier——★參考答案★——36.D37.E38.G39.A40.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youknowexerciseisgoodforyou,butdoyouknowhowgood?Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter,havemoreenergyandevenaddyearstoyourlife.(你知道運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)你有好處，但你知道有多好嗎？它會(huì)讓你感覺更好，更有活力，甚至延長你的壽命)”可知，本句承接上文，說明運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處。故D選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人都能從運(yùn)動(dòng)中受益，無論他們的年齡、性別或體能如何”符合語境，故選D。【37題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Goingtothegymregularlyisindeedgreat(經(jīng)常去健身房確實(shí)很棒)”以及后文“Youcanjustgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday.Forexample,takethestairsinsteadoftheliftorspeedupyourhousework.Consistencyiskey.(你可以在一天中變得更加活躍。例如，走樓梯而不是電梯，或者加快做家務(wù)的速度。堅(jiān)持是關(guān)鍵)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，后文主要說明了通過日常活動(dòng)來鍛煉，說明不需要經(jīng)常去健身房也沒關(guān)系。故E選項(xiàng)“但是如果你每天找不到大量的時(shí)間來做這件事，也不要擔(dān)心”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Needtobehappy?Orneedtolowerstressafterastressfulday?Agymsessionorquickwalkcanhelp.(想要快樂嗎？或者在緊張的一天后需要減輕壓力?健身或快速散步會(huì)有所幫助)”可知，本句承接上文，說明體育活動(dòng)會(huì)讓人更加快樂。故G選項(xiàng)“體育活動(dòng)會(huì)刺激大腦中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，讓你感覺更快樂”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Regularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.Exercisesendsoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimprove,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.(有規(guī)律的體育鍛煉可以增強(qiáng)你的肌肉力量，增強(qiáng)你的耐受力。運(yùn)動(dòng)將氧氣和營養(yǎng)輸送到你的組織，幫助你的心血管系統(tǒng)更有效地工作。當(dāng)你的心臟和肺部健康狀況改善時(shí)，你就有更多的精力來處理日?，嵤?”可知，本段主要說明了運(yùn)動(dòng)可以增強(qiáng)身體素質(zhì)，提高人的精力來處理日?，嵤?。故A選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)增強(qiáng)能量”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Exercisecanbefunandsocial.(鍛煉可以是有趣的和社交的)”以及上文“Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbefun:Theygiveyouachancetoenjoytheoutdoorsorsimplydoactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.(鍛煉和體育活動(dòng)可以很有趣：它們給你一個(gè)享受戶外活動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)，或者只是做一些讓你快樂的活動(dòng))”可知，上文提到了鍛煉可以讓人快樂，推測(cè)本句承接上文，繼續(xù)說明鍛煉對(duì)社交的幫助。故C選項(xiàng)“鍛煉還可以幫助你與朋友和鄰居建立聯(lián)系”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thereareafewteacherswholeavetheirlonglastimpressiononyou.Iwasso_____41_____whenIknewMrs.CochranwasgoingtobemyEnglishteacher.Shehadbeenmysister—Emily’sfavoriteteacher,whohadleft_____42_____onher.Emilyoftenspokeofhersupportand_____43_____.Theseventhgradewasn’tmy_____44_____yearbecauseitwasahardtimeforme.ButMrs.Cochran’sencouragingsmileand_____45_____personalityalwaysmademefeelbetter.Mrs.Cochran’sclasswasalwaysinteresting.Inclasswewerealways_____46_____becauseMrs.Cochranwasalwaysmakingjokes.TherewasneveramomentinMrs.Cochran’sclasswhenIfelt_____47_____toaskaquestion.Wereadthebook“TheOutsiders”asaclass,andattheendofevery_____48_____wediscussedandanalyzedwhathadhappened.Ifwestilldidnot_____49_____thematerial,herofficewasalwaysopenduringlunchtime.Shewouldusedifferentmethodstomakesureweunderstood.InclassMrs.Cochranwoulddo______50______thingstoarouseourinterest.Wewouldwatch______51______,dohands-onactivitiesorreadarticles.Atthestartofeveryclassasa______52______wewatchedaninspiringvideo,andshe’dhaveuswriteaboutwhatwe______53______fromthevideo.Doingthatreallymademeseethegoodintheworld.Itwassuchauniquewaytoshapethewaywe______54______things.Mrs.Cochranmakeslearningfunandhasawayofmakingeveryonereallyunderstandwhatisbeingtaught.Iwillnever______55______Mrs.Cochran.41.A.tired B.disappointed C.nervous D.excited42.A.impression B.words C.gifts D.memories43.A.dreams B.achievements C.encouragement D.strictness44.A.favorite B.final C.peaceful D.bad45.A.strong B.boring C.humorous D.calm46.A.shouting B.sleeping C.complaining D.laughing47.A.comfortable B.hurried C.easy D.embarrassed48.A.day B.line C.chapter D.page49.A.like B.understand C.find D.recognize50.A.strange B.different C.difficult D.simple51.A.games B.plays C.performances D.videos52.A.warm-up B.test C.direction D.ceremony53.A.discovered B.heard C.learned D.wanted54.A.viewed B.treated C.remembered D.believed55.A.blame B.forget C.cheat D.leave——★參考答案★——41.D42.A43.C44.A45.C46.D47.D48.C49.B50.B51.D52.A53.C54.A55.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者的英語老師科克倫的教學(xué)方法以及對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生的影響?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我知道科克倫太太要當(dāng)我的英語老師時(shí)，我非常激動(dòng)。A.tired疲憊的；B.disappointed失望的；C.nervous緊張的；D.excited興奮的，激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)下文“Shehadbeenmysister—Emily’sfavoriteteacher”可知，作者很激動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她曾是我妹妹——愛米麗最喜歡的老師，給她留下了深刻的印象。A.impression印象；B.words話語；C.gifts禮物；D.memories記憶。根據(jù)上文“Emily’sfavoriteteacher”可知，老師給艾米麗留下了深刻的印象。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗經(jīng)常談到她的支持和鼓勵(lì)。A.dreams夢(mèng)想；B.achievements成就；C.encouragement鼓勵(lì)；D.strictness嚴(yán)厲。根據(jù)上文“hersupport”可知，艾米麗經(jīng)常談到她的支持和鼓勵(lì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：七年級(jí)不是我最喜歡的一年，因?yàn)閷?duì)我來說那是一段艱難的時(shí)光。A.favorite最喜歡的；B.final最后的；C.peaceful平和的；D.bad壞的。根據(jù)下文“becauseitwasahardtimeforme.”可知，七年級(jí)不是作者最喜歡的一年。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但科克倫夫人鼓舞人心的微笑和幽默的個(gè)性總是讓我感覺更好。A.strong強(qiáng)壯的；B.boring令人厭煩的；C.humorous幽默的；D.calm冷靜的。根據(jù)下文“Mrs.Cochranwasalwaysmakingjokes.”可知，科克倫夫人很幽默。故選C項(xiàng)。【46題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在課堂上我們總是笑，因?yàn)榭瓶藗愄偸情_玩笑。A.shouting喊叫；B.sleeping睡覺；C.complaining抱怨；D.laughing大笑。根據(jù)下文“Mrs.Cochranwasalwaysmakingjokes.”可知，在課堂上作者和同學(xué)們總是笑。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在科克倫夫人的課上，我從來沒有覺得不好意思提問的時(shí)候。A.comfortable舒服的；B.hurried匆忙的；C.easy容易的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)上文“Mrs.Cochran’sclasswasalwaysinteresting.Inclasswewerealways__________becauseMrs.Cochranwasalwaysmakingjokes.”可知，作者從來沒有覺得不好意思提問的時(shí)候。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)嘁黄鹱x《局外人》這本書，在每一章的末尾，我們都會(huì)討論和分析發(fā)生了什么。A.day白天；B.line線；C.chapter章節(jié)；D.page頁。根據(jù)下文“wediscussedandanalyzedwhathadhappened.”可知，章節(jié)結(jié)束時(shí)才可以分析和討論。故選C項(xiàng)。【49題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們還是看不懂材料，她的辦公室總是在午餐時(shí)間開著。A.like喜歡；B.understand理解；C.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.recognize認(rèn)出。根據(jù)下文“makesureweunderstood.”可知，如果她們還是看不懂材料，老師總是愿意幫忙。故選B項(xiàng)。【50題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在課堂上，科克倫夫人會(huì)做不同的事情來引起我們的興趣。A.strange陌生的；B.different不同的；C.difficult困難的；D.simple簡單的。根據(jù)下文“arouseourinterest”可知，做不同的事情來引起我們的興趣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們會(huì)看視頻，做動(dòng)手活動(dòng)或閱讀文章。A.games游戲；B.plays戲?。籆.performances表演；D.videos視頻。根據(jù)下文“inspiringvideo”可知，會(huì)看視頻。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每節(jié)課開始前，作為熱身活動(dòng)，我們都會(huì)看一段鼓舞人心的視頻，她會(huì)讓我們寫下從視頻中學(xué)到的東西。A.warm-up熱身賽；B.test測(cè)試；C.direction指導(dǎo)；D.ceremony儀式。根據(jù)上文“Atthestartofeveryclass”以及“wewatchedaninspiringvideo”可知，此處指課前的熱身活動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每節(jié)課開始前，作為熱身活動(dòng)，我們都會(huì)看一段鼓舞人心的視頻，她會(huì)讓我們寫下從視頻中學(xué)到的東西。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.heard聽到；C.learned學(xué)習(xí)；D.wanted想要。根據(jù)上文“Atthestartofeveryc