山東省日照市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期三模考試英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省日照市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期三模考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFindInspirationattheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumStartYourInnovativeJourneyHereExperiencethepast,presentandfutureofAmericanoriginalityasyouareintroducedtomorethan600world-changinginventorsandimmersedinstoriesofpassion,perseveranceandprogress.AdmissionAdmissiontothemuseumisalwaysFREE—theperfectwaytoaddafun,kid-friendlylearningexperiencetoyourtriptotheWashingtonD.C.area.HoursMonday—Friday,10a.m.to4p.m.ThefirstSaturdayofeverymonth,11a.m.to3p.m.Sundaysandfederalholidays,CLOSEDParkingFindconvenientparkingintheEastGarageat551JohnCarlyleSt.inAlexandria.Hourlyanddailyparkingisavailablealldaylong,MondaythroughFriday,exceptonfederalholidays.Parkingcosts$3perhour,withadailymaximumof$10.VisitorPolicyTheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumasksthatyoudonot:·Destroy,damageorremoveproperty·Touchanexhibitunlessexhibitsignsgivepermissionforsuchactivity·Bringdogsorotheranimals,otherthanserviceanimals·Takephotographsforadvertisingoranyothercommercialpurpose·Distributeads,pamphlets,handbillsandflyersContactUsPhone:571-272-0095Email:museum@TheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumisanengagingdestinationthatsparkscuriosityinthenextgenerationofcreators,innovatorsandenterprisers.Pleasecalloremailus,andwe’llhelpyoutoarrangeauniquelearningexperienceforyourstudents.1.Howmuchshouldonepayfortwodaysofparking?A.$10. B.$20. C.$72. D.$144.2.Whatisprohibitedatthemuseum?A.Bringingserviceanimals. B.Takingphotos.C.Handingoutadvertisements. D.Approachingexhibits.3.Whomightbemostinterestedinthejourneytothemuseum?A.Educators. B.Scientists. C.Artlovers. D.Sportsfans.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了國(guó)家發(fā)明家名人堂博物館的參觀信息。〖答案〗1.B2.C3.B【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Parking部分“Parkingcosts$3perhour,withadailymaximumof$10.(停車(chē)費(fèi)每小時(shí)3美元，每天最多10美元)”可知，停車(chē)費(fèi)一天最多10美元，停兩天就是20美元。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章VisitorPolicy部分“TheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumasksthatyoudonot:·Distributeads,pamphlets,handbillsandflyers(國(guó)家發(fā)明家名人堂博物館要請(qǐng)您不要：分發(fā)廣告、小冊(cè)子、傳單和小傳單)”可知，在博物館里禁止發(fā)放廣告。故選C。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Experiencethepast,presentandfutureofAmericanoriginalityasyouareintroducedtomorethan600world-changinginventorsandimmersedinstoriesofpassion,perseveranceandprogress.(體驗(yàn)美國(guó)原創(chuàng)性的過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)，您將被介紹給600多名改變世界的發(fā)明家，沉浸在激情、堅(jiān)持和進(jìn)步的故事中)”及最后一段“TheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumisanengagingdestinationthatsparkscuriosityinthenextgenerationofcreators,innovatorsandenterprisers.(國(guó)家發(fā)明家名人堂博物館是一個(gè)吸引人的目的地，激發(fā)了下一代創(chuàng)造者、創(chuàng)新者和企業(yè)家的好奇心)”可知，最有可能對(duì)博物館感興趣的是對(duì)發(fā)明創(chuàng)新有興趣的科學(xué)家。故選B。BAtage11,actressKayleeHottleappearsastheleadingherointhefilmGodzillaxKong:TheNewEmpire.It’sthesequel(續(xù)集)toGodzillavs.Kong,whichHottlealsoappearedinwhenshemadeherfilmdebutin2021.Bothmoviesbringtogethertheworld’smostfamousfictionalmonsters(怪獸),GodzillaandKingKong.Hottle,whobeganactingincommercialsataboutage4,isdeafandisfluentinAmericanSignLanguage.ShewasborninGeorgiaandcurrentlylivesnearAustin,Texas,wheresheattendstheTexasSchoolfortheDeaf.Infact,shecomesfromanall-deaffamilyspanningfourgenerations,soplayingthischaracterinthismovieholdsprofoundsignificanceforwhoshe’srepresenting.Inbothfilms,HottleplaysJia,adeafgirlwhoisthelastsurvivingmemberoftheIwiTribe,whichhadlivedpeacefullywithgiantapes(類(lèi)人猿)onSkullIsland,Kong’shome.WhenJiaisadoptedbyascientistinvolvedwithmonsterresearch,shemeetsKongandtheyformaspecialbond,usingnonverbalcommunicationandsignlanguage.“Theyfeelaloneandwithoutaplacetheybelong,”HottlesaidofJiaandKong’sconnection.Theyhavegonethroughalotbutarebothwillingtocombineforcestosavetheworldtogether,”shetoldTheWeekJunior.HottleadmiresJia’sbraveryanddeterminationtohelppeopleinneed,evenifshe’sscared.“She’snotaquitter,”shesaidabouthercharacter.Asforthefuture,Hottleplanstocontinueacting,andshetoldTheHoustonChroniclethatshehopesotherdeafyoungpeoplearemotivatedtoactwhentheyseeheronscreen.“Anyroleyouaregoingfor,don’tbescared,”HottletoldTheWeekJunior.“Yourdreamscancometrue.”“Wehadtolookoutsideofthetraditionalcastingchannelstofindher,andHottle,whomwewereveryfortunatetocast,hadneverbeeninafilmbefore.Butthroughanetworkofcastingdirectorsandtheaters,ourterrificcastingdirector,SarahHalleyFinn,wasabletolocateher,”producerAlexGarciasaidinapressrelease.4.WhatcontributesalottoHottle’sstarringinbothfilms?A.Herbondwithgiantapes. B.Hermasterofsignlanguage.C.Herexperiencesofbeingadirector. D.Herinterestinmonsterresearch.5.WhatdoweknowaboutthecharacterJia?A.Sheisinstructedbyascientist. B.Shecomesfromanall-deaffamily.C.Shesavestheworldaloneinthefilm. D.ShehasacloserelationshipwithKong.6.WhatdoesHottleexpectotherdeafyoungpeopletodo?A.Developtheiractingskills. B.Thinkmoreabouttheirfuture.C.Pursuetheirdreamsbravely. D.Seekchancestoproducefilms.7.WhatdoesAlexGarciathinkofHottle?A.Sheistherightgirlfortherole. B.Sheisaluckydog.C.Sheisgoodatcastingactors. D.Sheisafamousmoviestar.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了11歲的女演員KayleeHottle在《哥斯拉大戰(zhàn)金剛：新帝國(guó)》中擔(dān)任主角的經(jīng)歷。她此前已在《哥斯拉大戰(zhàn)金剛》中出演，并在兩部影片中均飾演與巨猿類(lèi)人猿和平共處的伊維部落的最后幸存者Jia。Hottle是聾啞人，她的表演對(duì)聾啞群體具有特殊意義。她表示將繼續(xù)演藝事業(yè)，并鼓勵(lì)其他聾啞年輕人勇敢追夢(mèng)。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.C7.A【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hottle,whobeganactingincommercialsataboutage4,isdeafandisfluentinAmericanSignLanguage.(Hottle大約在4歲時(shí)開(kāi)始出演商業(yè)廣告，她耳聾，能說(shuō)流利的美國(guó)手語(yǔ))”和第三段“Inbothfilms,HottleplaysJia,adeafgirlwhoisthelastsurvivingmemberoftheIwiTribe,whichhadlivedpeacefullywithgiantapes(類(lèi)人猿)onSkullIsland,Kong’shome.WhenJiaisadoptedbyascientistinvolvedwithmonsterresearch,shemeetsKongandtheyformaspecialbond,usingnonverbalcommunicationandsignlanguage.

(在這兩部電影中，Hottle都扮演了失聰女孩Jia，她是伊維部落最后一位幸存的成員，這個(gè)部落曾與巨猿和平地生活在金剛的家鄉(xiāng)骷髏島上。當(dāng)Jia被一位從事怪獸研究的科學(xué)家收養(yǎng)后，她遇到了Kong，他們通過(guò)非語(yǔ)言交流和手語(yǔ)形成了一種特殊的聯(lián)系)”可知，文章中提到，Hottle耳聾，但能流利地使用美國(guó)手語(yǔ)。這種手語(yǔ)能力可能使她能夠扮演Jia，一個(gè)聾啞的女孩，她用手語(yǔ)與Kong交流。她對(duì)手語(yǔ)的精通使她成為這個(gè)角色的理想人選，促成了她出演了這兩部電影。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenJiaisadoptedbyascientistinvolvedwithmonsterresearch,shemeetsKongandtheyformaspecialbond,usingnonverbalcommunicationandsignlanguage.(當(dāng)Jia被一位從事怪獸研究的科學(xué)家收養(yǎng)后，她遇到了怪獸，他們通過(guò)非語(yǔ)言交流和手語(yǔ)形成了一種特殊的關(guān)系)”可知，Jia和Kong關(guān)系很好。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Anyroleyouaregoingfor,don’tbescared,”HottletoldTheWeekJunior.“Yourdreamscancometrue.”(“無(wú)論你想要扮演什么角色，都不要害怕，”Hottle告訴TheWeekJunior?！澳愕膲?mèng)想會(huì)成真。”)”可推知，Hottle希望其他失聰?shù)哪贻p人能勇敢地追逐自己的夢(mèng)想。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中AlexGarcia的話“Wehadtolookoutsideofthetraditionalcastingchannelstofindher,andHottle,whomwewereveryfortunatetocast,hadneverbeeninafilmbefore.Butthroughanetworkofcastingdirectorsandtheaters,ourterrificcastingdirector,SarahHalleyFinn,wasabletolocateher(我們不得不在傳統(tǒng)的選角渠道之外尋找她，而我們非常幸運(yùn)地選到了Hottle，她以前從未出演過(guò)電影。但是通過(guò)選角導(dǎo)演和劇院的關(guān)系網(wǎng)，我們出色的選角導(dǎo)演莎拉·哈雷·芬恩找到了她)”可知，AlexGarcia說(shuō)非常幸運(yùn)地選到了Hottle，說(shuō)明她認(rèn)為Hottle是這個(gè)角色的合適人選。故選A項(xiàng)。CTheglobalsecondhandmarketisexpectedtoincreaseatthreetimestherateoftheoverallglobalclothingmarketupto2027,drivenbyGenZconsumers,accordingtoonlinesecondhandplatformThredup.Thecompany’s11thannualresalereport,releasedonWednesday,saysGenZconsumerswillaccountfornearlytwo-thirdsofincremental(增量)secondhandspendastheirpurchasingpowerincreases.Thredup’sreportcontainsmuchdataandresearchfromanalyticsfirmGlobaldata,whichconductedasurveyofover3,000Americanadults,askingspecificquestionsabouttheirbehaviorsandpreferencesforsecondhand.OpportunitiesexistingreatnumbersforsecondhandplatformstoexpandbusinessonlineandconnectwithGenZconsumerswhoalreadypurchasesecondhandclothingonline.Some58percentofGenZwhoboughtsecondhandclothingoverthelast12monthsmadeatleastonepurchaseonline—morethananyothergeneration,thereportsays.Demandforsecondhandgoodsisdrivingretailers(零售商)torethinktheirstrategies.Some86percentofretailexecutivessaytheircustomersarealreadyparticipatinginresale,up8percenton2021.“Brandsareadoptingresaleatanacceleratedratetocapturemoreofthisdemand,”saysThreduppresidentAnthonyMarino.“WithmorethanhalfofGenZsayingthey’remorelikelytoshopwithabrandthatofferssecondhandalongsidenew,resaleisbecomingtablestakes(籌碼)forretailers.”O(jiān)nesignificantquestionsurroundingresale’sgrowthiswhetherornotit’samoreeco-friendlywayofshoppingifcustomersarestillconsumingatanever-risingpace.Whensecondhandshoppingbecomessport-likeforagenerationofcustomers,andbrandsaren’treducingproductionlevelsastheyalsomakeprofitsfromresale,expertssayit’snotactuallyagreeneroption.“Wehaveahugeissuewithoverproduction,”saysHarrietVocking,chiefexecutiveofthefirmEco-Age.“Thefactthatthereissomuchopportunityforresalehighlightsjusthowhightheproductionandconsumptionratesare.”Shearguesthateffortsshouldbedirectedateducatingconsumersandhelpingthemunderstandthevalueoftheirpurchases.8.WhatdoesThredup’sreportshowaboutGenZ?A.Theydependtooheavilyononlineshopping.B.Theyareeasilyattractedtosecondhandclothing.C.Theywillbeleadingthewayinsecondhandsales.D.Theyexpecttohavetheirpurchasingpowerincreased.9.Whatdoesparagraph4highlight?A.Retailers’commentsonresale. B.Theappealofresaletoretailers.C.Retailers’expectationsofresale. D.Theimpactofresaleonretailers.10.WhatisthemajorconcernforexpertslikeHarrietVocking?A.Howtoincreaseproduction. B.Howtomakeresalesustainable.C.Howtoencourageconsumption. D.Howtocontroltheresalemarket.11.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythetextappear?A.Business. B.Education. C.Environment. D.Technology.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道在線二手平臺(tái)Thredup發(fā)布報(bào)告稱，全球二手市場(chǎng)預(yù)計(jì)到2027年將增長(zhǎng)三倍于整體服裝市場(chǎng)，主要推動(dòng)力來(lái)自Z世代消費(fèi)者。報(bào)告顯示，隨著Z世代購(gòu)買(mǎi)力的增強(qiáng)，他們將成為二手市場(chǎng)增量的主要貢獻(xiàn)者。零售商也需重新思考策略，以適應(yīng)二手商品需求的增長(zhǎng)。然而，也有專(zhuān)家擔(dān)憂，如果品牌不減少生產(chǎn)水平，二手購(gòu)物并非真正的環(huán)保選擇?！即鸢浮?.C9.D10.B11.A【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theglobalsecondhandmarketisexpectedtoincreaseatthreetimestherateoftheoverallglobalclothingmarketupto2027,drivenbyGenZconsumers,accordingtoonlinesecondhandplatformThredup.(在線二手平臺(tái)Thredup表示，在Z世代消費(fèi)者的推動(dòng)下，到2027年，全球二手市場(chǎng)的增長(zhǎng)速度預(yù)計(jì)將是全球服裝市場(chǎng)增速的三倍)”和第二段中“Thecompany’s11thannualresalereport,releasedonWednesday,saysGenZconsumerswillaccountfornearlytwo-thirdsofincremental(增量)secondhandspendastheirpurchasingpowerincreases.(該公司周三發(fā)布的第11份年度轉(zhuǎn)售報(bào)告稱，隨著購(gòu)買(mǎi)力的提高，Z世代消費(fèi)者將占到二手消費(fèi)增量的近三分之二)”可推知，Thredup的報(bào)告顯示Z世代將主導(dǎo)在二手市場(chǎng)消費(fèi)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Demandforsecondhandgoodsisdrivingretailers(零售商)torethinktheirstrategies.Some86percentofretailexecutivessaytheircustomersarealreadyparticipatinginresale,up8percenton2021.“Brandsareadoptingresaleatanacceleratedratetocapturemoreofthisdemand,”saysThreduppresidentAnthonyMarino.“WithmorethanhalfofGenZsayingthey’remorelikelytoshopwithabrandthatofferssecondhandalongsidenew,resaleisbecomingtablestakes(籌碼)forretailers.”(對(duì)二手商品的需求正促使零售商重新考慮自己的戰(zhàn)略。約86%的零售高管表示，他們的客戶已經(jīng)在參與轉(zhuǎn)售，比2021年增長(zhǎng)了8%。Thredup總裁安東尼?馬里諾表示：“各大品牌正在加速采用轉(zhuǎn)售方式，以抓住更多這類(lèi)需求。超過(guò)一半的Z世代表示，他們更有可能購(gòu)買(mǎi)既提供二手又提供新品的品牌，因此轉(zhuǎn)售正成為零售商的籌碼?！?”可知，本段重點(diǎn)討論了二手商品的需求如何促使零售商重新思考他們的戰(zhàn)略，并提到品牌正在加速采用轉(zhuǎn)售來(lái)抓住更多的需求。轉(zhuǎn)售正成為零售商關(guān)注的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素，因?yàn)槌^(guò)一半的Z世代表示，他們更有可能購(gòu)買(mǎi)既提供二手又提供新產(chǎn)品的品牌。由此可知，第四段重點(diǎn)討論了轉(zhuǎn)售對(duì)零售商的影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中HarrietVocking的話“Wehaveahugeissuewithoverproduction(我們有一個(gè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)剩的大問(wèn)題)”和“Thefactthatthereissomuchopportunityforresalehighlightsjusthowhightheproductionandconsumptionratesare.(有如此多的轉(zhuǎn)售機(jī)會(huì)，這一事實(shí)凸顯了生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)率有多高)”可知，HarrietVocking認(rèn)為如果消費(fèi)者繼續(xù)以不斷增長(zhǎng)的速度消費(fèi)，而品牌不降低生產(chǎn)水平，這會(huì)造成生產(chǎn)過(guò)剩。那么二手購(gòu)物雖然看似環(huán)保，但實(shí)際上可能不是一個(gè)更環(huán)保的選擇。由此推知，HarrietVocking主要關(guān)心的是如何使轉(zhuǎn)售成為一種真正可持續(xù)的做法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Theglobalsecondhandmarketisexpectedtoincreaseatthreetimestherateoftheoverallglobalclothingmarketupto2027,drivenbyGenZconsumers,accordingtoonlinesecondhandplatformThredup.(在線二手平臺(tái)Thredup表示，在Z世代消費(fèi)者的推動(dòng)下，到2027年，全球二手市場(chǎng)的增長(zhǎng)速度預(yù)計(jì)將是全球服裝市場(chǎng)增速的三倍)”和第四段中“Demandforsecondhandgoodsisdrivingretailers(零售商)torethinktheirstrategies.(對(duì)二手商品的需求正促使零售商重新考慮自己的戰(zhàn)略)”可知，本文討論了與零售、消費(fèi)者行為、可持續(xù)性和二手市場(chǎng)相關(guān)的主題，這些主題都與商業(yè)行業(yè)相關(guān)。由此推知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)站的商業(yè)部分。故選A項(xiàng)。DInrecentyears,self-esteem(自尊)hasfallenoutoffavorinthescientificliteratureandinthepopularmediaasanimportantfactorforlifeoutcomes.Butanewresearchreviewsuggeststhatitcanhaveapositiveinfluenceinmanyareasofpeople’slives.Researchersreviewedthefindingsofhundredsoflongitudinal(縱向的)studiesthatansweredquestionsaboutlong-termconsequences,suchas:Doteenagerswithhighself-esteemtendtobemoresuccessfulintheircareers?Theirfindingsshowthatpeoplewithhighself-esteemgenerallyhavemoresuccessatschoolandwork,bettersocialrelationships,improvedmentalandphysicalhealth,andlessanti-socialbehavior.And,thesebenefitscontinuefromadolescencetoadulthoodandintooldage.Long-termoutcomesaredeterminedbymanypsychologicalandsocialfactors,soself-esteemisjustonepartofthepuzzlethatmightexplainwhypeopledobetterorworseincertainlifedomains.Still,thepresenceorabsenceofthisonefactorcanhaveabigimpactoveralifetime.RobinsRichardW.Robins,whoisapsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofBernandhasstudiedself-esteemfordecades,seesthisreviewasacountertotheoften-repeatedclaimthathighself-esteemisdangerous.Self-esteemisdistinctfromnarcissism,theresearchliteratureRobinsandOrthexaminedshows.Whereasself-esteemreferstofeelingsofself-acceptanceandself-respect,narcissismischaracterizedbyfeelingsofsuperiority,entitlement,andself-centeredness.Thisresearchreviewshowsthathighself-esteemandnarcissismcanhaveoppositeimplicationsforlifeoutcomes.Highself-esteempredictsbettersocialrelationships,whereasnarcissismpredictsdifficultieswithrelationships.“Yetmanypsychologistshavecalledthebenefitsofself-esteemamythandsuggestedthatitmightevenhavea‘darkside’,”Robinssays.Despitedoubtscastonitsimportance,Robinssaystheirreviewofthelargebodyofself-esteemresearchdemonstratesthatitmatters,andconsequentlyinterventionsaimedatboostingself-esteemmightbenefitindividualsandsocietyasawhole.12.Whatdoestheresearchreviewfind?A.Self-esteemhaslong-lastingbenefits.B.Whyself-esteemhasfallenoutoffavor.C.Self-esteemdetermineslong-termoutcomes.D.Howself-esteemcontributestoone’ssuccess.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counter”inparagraph4mean?A.Solution. B.Explanation. C.Limitation. D.Opposition.14.Accordingtotheresearch,narcissismtendstomakeaperson_____.A.lessconfident B.lessadaptable C.lessproductive D.lesspopular15.WhatdoesRobinssayaboutdevelopingself-esteem?A.Itfacesmanychallenges. B.Itmakesgoodsense.C.Itdeservesfurtherstudy. D.Itneedsmedicalinterventions.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究綜述表明，自尊可以在人們生活的許多領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生積極的影響，有著長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的意義。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹。〖答案〗12.A13.D14.D15.B【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Butanewresearchreviewsuggeststhatitcanhaveapositiveinfluenceinmanyareasofpeople’slives.(但一項(xiàng)新的研究綜述表明，它可以在人們生活的許多領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生積極的影響。)”和第二段最后兩句“Theirfindingsshowthatpeoplewithhighself-esteemgenerallyhavemoresuccessatschoolandwork,bettersocialrelationships,improvedmentalandphysicalhealth,andlessanti-socialbehavior.And,thesebenefitscontinuefromadolescencetoadulthoodandintooldage.(他們的研究結(jié)果表明，自尊心強(qiáng)的人通常在學(xué)校和工作中更成功，社會(huì)關(guān)系更好，身心健康狀況更好，反社會(huì)行為也更少。而且，這些益處從青春期持續(xù)到成年期，直至老年。)”可知，研究綜述發(fā)現(xiàn)自尊有長(zhǎng)期的好處。故選A。【13題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Self-esteemisdistinctfromnarcissism,theresearchliteratureRobinsandOrthexaminedshows.Whereasself-esteemreferstofeelingsofself-acceptanceandself-respect,narcissismischaracterizedbyfeelingsofsuperiority,entitlement,andself-centeredness.(羅賓斯和諾斯研究的文獻(xiàn)顯示，自尊不同于自戀。自尊指的是自我接納和自我尊重的感覺(jué)，而自戀的特點(diǎn)是優(yōu)越感、權(quán)利感和自我中心感。)”可知，此處是指這篇綜述是對(duì)經(jīng)常被重復(fù)的高自尊是危險(xiǎn)的說(shuō)法的反駁，所以counter意為“反駁”。故選D?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Highself-esteempredictsbettersocialrelationships,whereasnarcissismpredictsdifficultieswithrelationships.(高自尊預(yù)示著更好的社會(huì)關(guān)系，而自戀預(yù)示著人際關(guān)系的困難。)”可知，自戀往往會(huì)讓一個(gè)人不那么受歡迎。故選D。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitedoubtscastonitsimportance,Robinssaystheirreviewofthelargebodyofself-esteemresearchdemonstratesthatitmatters,andconsequentlyinterventionsaimedatboostingself-esteemmightbenefitindividualsandsocietyasawhole.(羅賓斯說(shuō)，盡管人們對(duì)自尊的重要性表示懷疑，但他們對(duì)大量自尊研究的綜述表明，自尊很重要，因此，旨在提高自尊的干預(yù)措施可能對(duì)個(gè)人和整個(gè)社會(huì)都有益。)”可知，羅賓斯認(rèn)為培養(yǎng)自尊很有意義。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Canyoutellwhenyourfriendsarehappyorgoingthroughadifficulttime?Whetheryouhaveoneortwobestiesorarepartofagroup,buildingandkeepingfriendshipsisaskillwealllearn.____16____Researchshowsitmightevenhelpyoufightoffcolds.Friendshipisaspecialconnectionyouhavewithanotherperson,anditcomesinallshapesandsizes.Youcouldchatforagesorgiggleatthingsotherpeopledon’tfindfunny.Youdon’texpecttheotherpersontobefunallthetime.____17____Friendsdon’talwaysenjoythesamesportsorhobbiesbuttheyencourageeachotheranyway.Expertssaygoodfriendshipisastrong,stableconnection.Itmakesyoufeelpositiveandit’snotone-sided.____18____Goodfriendsaregoodforyourhealthbecausetheymakeyoufeelhappy,confidentandlessstressed.Sharingyourfeelingsandideaswithsomeoneelseisn’tjustfun.____19____AuthorLydiaDenworthsaysfriendshipisgoodforyoubecauseitboostsyourimmunesystemandhelpsyourbodystayhealthy.Havinggood,strongfriendshipsisasimportantasdietandexercise.____20____Makingtimeforyourmatessoundsobviousbutit’snotalwayseasytoseethemwhenyouarebusy.Trysendingamessageorarrangingawalkorbikeridetohavetimetochat.Talkingaboutyourfeelingsletsyourfriendsknowyoutrustthemandgivesthemachancetodothesame.Ifyouthinkafriendisfeelingdown,findaquietmomenttoaskifeverything’sOKandlistencloselytotheiranswers.A.Makingnewfriendstakesmuchtimeandeffort.B.Youbothgiveeachothersupportwhenyouneedit.C.Andyoumayknowwhentheotherhashadabadday.D.Itbuildstrustandhelpsyouunderstandeachotherbetter.E.Beingafriendisoneofthemostimportantskillswecanlearn.F.That’sgoodnewsbecausehangingoutwithyourfriendsisfun.G.Aswellasliftingupothers,friendshipcanboostyou'rewellbeingtoo.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了友誼的重要性，好處和交朋友的方法。〖答案〗16.G17.C18.B19.D20.E【16題詳析】前文“Whetheryouhaveoneortwobestiesorarepartofagroup,buildingandkeepingfriendshipsisaskillwealllearn.(無(wú)論你有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)閨蜜，或者是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的一員，建立和保持友誼是我們都要學(xué)習(xí)的技能)”表明建立和保持友誼是重要技能，后文“Researchshowsitmightevenhelpyoufightoffcolds.(研究表明，它甚至可以幫助你抵抗感冒)”說(shuō)明友誼能幫助我們抵御疾病，G選項(xiàng)“友誼不僅能鼓舞他人，也能提升你的健康”說(shuō)明友誼的好處，引出下文。故選G?！?7題詳析】空前“Youdon’texpecttheotherpersontobefunallthetime.(你不能期望對(duì)方一直都很有趣)”表明朋友不會(huì)一直有趣，C選項(xiàng)“你要知道對(duì)方哪天過(guò)得不好”表示也會(huì)有朋友沒(méi)有趣的時(shí)候，為前一句的補(bǔ)充。故選C。【18題詳析】空前“Expertssaygoodfriendshipisastrong,stableconnection.Itmakesyoufeelpositiveandit’snotone-sided.(專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，好的友誼是一種牢固、穩(wěn)定的聯(lián)系。它讓你感覺(jué)積極，它不是單方面的)”可知，友誼不是單方面的，是相互的，B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你們需要的時(shí)候，你們都給予對(duì)方支持”表示友誼是雙方的。故選B。【19題詳析】空前“Goodfriendsaregoodforyourhealthbecausetheymakeyoufeelhappy,confidentandlessstressed.Sharingyourfeelingsandideaswithsomeoneelseisn’tjustfun.(好朋友對(duì)你的健康有好處，因?yàn)樗麄冏屇愀械娇鞓?lè)，自信和較少的壓力。與他人分享你的感受和想法不僅僅是有趣的)”表明與朋友分享感受和想法的好處，D選項(xiàng)“它建立信任，幫助你們更好地了解對(duì)方”為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明其好處。故選D。【20題詳析】后文“Makingtimeforyourmatessoundsobviousbutit’snotalwayseasytoseethemwhenyouarebusy.Trysendingamessageorarrangingawalkorbikeridetohavetimetochat.Talkingaboutyourfeelingsletsyourfriendsknowyoutrustthemandgivesthemachancetodothesame.Ifyouthinkafriendisfeelingdown,findaquietmomenttoaskifeverything’sOKandlistencloselytotheiranswers.(為你的小伙伴騰出時(shí)間聽(tīng)起來(lái)是顯而易見(jiàn)的，但當(dāng)你忙的時(shí)候并不總是很容易見(jiàn)到他們。試著發(fā)個(gè)信息，或者安排一次散步或騎自行車(chē)，有時(shí)間聊天。把你的感受告訴你的朋友，讓他們知道你信任他們，也給他們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去信任他們。如果你覺(jué)得一個(gè)朋友情緒低落，找個(gè)安靜的時(shí)間問(wèn)問(wèn)他是否一切都好，并仔細(xì)傾聽(tīng)他們的回答)”可知，本段在講交朋友的一些做法和技能，E選項(xiàng)“交朋友是我們可以學(xué)習(xí)的最重要的技能之一”總領(lǐng)下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AttheNelsonStreetPubinPembroke,they’repreparedforcustomerswhodineanddash.Infact,they____21____it.Onawallinsidethefrontdooraremeal____22____thathavebeenpaidforbycustomers,staff,otherbusinessesorresidents.Abovethemisa____23____thatreads:“Ifyouarehungryandhavenomoney,thesemealshavebeenpaidfor____24____.”Allanyonehastodois____25____thetickettheywantandgiveittoaserver.Themealappears—noquestionsasked,no____26____cast.IdrovetotherestaurantonaFridaytocheckitout.ThereImetSharonGribbons,wholivesinWaltham,Que.Shehad____27____toputacoupleofmealsuponthewall,oneonbehalfofafriend.Sheplannedto____28____amealeverymonth.“Everyoneneedsahotmeal,”sheexplained.OverthefewhoursIspentattherestaurant,sixpeople____29____themselvesofthepub’sgenerosity,whilecustomers____30____eightmealstothepantry(食品貯藏柜),includingthe“FishyandChippy”mealIputonmyownbill.It’s____31____thattheserviceplaysanimportantrole:offeringfreehotmealsatapubwherepeopleare____32____,notavoided;wheretheycaninteractwithothers,watchTVorlistentomusic;and,withluck,forgettheir____33____foranhourorso.Ihopeitssuccessisn’tdependent____34____onthatsmall-townneighborlyatmosphere,becausethisisa____35____thatneedstotravelbeyondPembroke—intoOttawa,andelsewhere.Everywhere.21.A.encourage B.avoid C.reward D.ignore22.A.receipts B.menus C.bills D.tickets23.A.paper B.sign C.letter D.warning24.A.ontime B.withcare C.byaccident D.inadvance25.A.pick B.compare C.book D.buy26.A.smile B.judgment C.shadow D.vote27.A.longed B.remembered C.paid D.struggled28.A.save B.consume C.donate D.share29.A.availed B.reminded C.convinced D.relieved30.A.exposed B.added C.applied D.introduced31.A.interesting B.strange C.surprising D.obvious32.A.appreciated B.welcomed C.attracted D.identified33.A.stories B.existence C.troubles D.dignity34.A.merely B.ultimately C.barely D.deeply35.A.service B.routine C.tradition D.kindness【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。在彭布羅克的納爾遜街酒吧里，前門(mén)的墻上掛著顧客、員工、其他企業(yè)或居民支付的餐費(fèi)收據(jù)，這些餐點(diǎn)會(huì)免費(fèi)提供給沒(méi)有錢(qián)吃飯的人們。作者也積極地參與其中，并希望這份善意可以傳播到每個(gè)地方。〖答案〗21.A22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.C29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，他們對(duì)此是鼓勵(lì)的。A.encourage鼓勵(lì)；B.avoid避免；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.ignore忽視。根據(jù)前文“AttheNelsonStreetPubinPembroke,they’repreparedforcustomerswhodineanddash.(在彭布羅克的納爾遜街酒吧，他們?yōu)槟切┏酝觑埦团艿念櫩蜏?zhǔn)備好了。)”可知，此處是指他們對(duì)此是鼓勵(lì)的。故選A。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：前門(mén)的墻上掛著顧客、員工、其他企業(yè)或居民支付的餐費(fèi)收據(jù)。A.receipts收據(jù)；B.menus菜單；C.bills賬單；D.tickets票據(jù)。根據(jù)“thathavebeenpaidforbycustomers,staff,otherbusinessesorresidents”可知，此處是指顧客、員工、其他企業(yè)或居民支付的餐費(fèi)收據(jù)。故選A。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的上方有一塊牌子，上面寫(xiě)著：“如果你餓了，又沒(méi)錢(qián)，這些飯已經(jīng)提前付了錢(qián)。”A.paper紙；B.sign標(biāo)牌；C.letter字母；D.warning警告。根據(jù)“thatreads”可知，此處是指上方有一塊標(biāo)牌。故選B。【24題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：它們的上方有一塊牌子，上面寫(xiě)著：“如果你餓了，又沒(méi)錢(qián)，這些飯已經(jīng)提前付了錢(qián)。”A.ontime按時(shí)；B.withcare小心地；C.byaccident偶然；D.inadvance提前。根據(jù)前文“thathavebeenpaidforbycustomers,staff,otherbusinessesorresidents”可知，此處是指提前付了錢(qián)。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：任何人所要做的就是選擇他們想要的票，然后把它交給服務(wù)員。A.pick挑選；B.compare比較；C.book預(yù)定；D.buy購(gòu)買(mǎi)。根據(jù)“thetickettheywant”可知，此處是指挑選他們想要的票。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：飯菜端上來(lái)了——沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題，沒(méi)有任何評(píng)判。A.smile微笑；B.judgment評(píng)判；C.shadow陰影；D.vote投票。根據(jù)“noquestionsasked”可知，此處是指沒(méi)有任何評(píng)判。故選B。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她花錢(qián)把兩頓飯掛在墻上，其中一頓是她朋友的。A.longed渴望；B.remembered記得；C.paid付錢(qián)；D.struggled掙扎。根據(jù)“toputacoupleofmealsuponthewall,oneonbehalfofafriend”可知，此處是指付錢(qián)把兩頓飯掛在墻上。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她計(jì)劃每個(gè)月捐一頓飯。A.save節(jié)省；B.consume消費(fèi)；C.donate捐贈(zèng)；D.share分享。根據(jù)后文“Everyoneneedsahotmeal(每個(gè)人都需要一頓熱飯)”可知，此處是指她計(jì)劃每個(gè)月捐一頓飯。故選C。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我待在餐廳的幾個(gè)小時(shí)里，有六個(gè)人從酒吧的慷慨中受益，而顧客們?cè)谑称穬?chǔ)藏室里加了八頓飯，包括我自己買(mǎi)單的“魚(yú)和脆皮”。A.availed有益于；B.reminded提醒；C.convinced使信服；D.relieved緩解。根據(jù)“themselvesofthepub’sgenerosity”可知，此處是指有六個(gè)人從酒吧的慷慨中受益。故選A。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我待在餐廳的幾個(gè)小時(shí)里，有六個(gè)人從酒吧的慷慨中受益，而顧客們?cè)谑称穬?chǔ)藏室里加了八頓飯，包括我自己買(mǎi)單的“魚(yú)和脆皮”。A.exposed使暴露；B.added增加；C.applied申請(qǐng)；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)“eightmealstothepantry(食品貯藏柜),includingthe“FishyandChippy”mealIputonmyownbill”可知，此處是指在食品儲(chǔ)藏室里加了八頓飯。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，這項(xiàng)服務(wù)扮演著重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免費(fèi)的熱餐，歡迎而不是回避人們；在那里他們可以與他人互動(dòng)，看電視或聽(tīng)音樂(lè)；幸運(yùn)的是，他們可以在一個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間里忘記自己的煩惱。A.interesting有趣的；B.strange奇怪的；C.surprising驚人的；D.obvious明顯的。根據(jù)“thattheserviceplaysanimportantrole”可知，此處是指這是很明顯的。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，這項(xiàng)服務(wù)扮演著重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免費(fèi)的熱餐，歡迎而不是回避人們；在那里他們可以與他人互動(dòng)，看電視或聽(tīng)音樂(lè)；幸運(yùn)的是，他們可以在一個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間里忘記自己的煩惱。A.appreciated欣賞；B.welcomed歡迎；C.attracted吸引；D.identified識(shí)別。根據(jù)“notavoided”可知，此處是指歡迎人們。故選B。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，這項(xiàng)服務(wù)扮演著重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免費(fèi)的熱餐，歡迎而不是回避人們；在那里他們可以與他人互動(dòng)，看電視或聽(tīng)音樂(lè)；幸運(yùn)的是，他們可以在一個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間里忘記自己的煩惱。A.stories故事；B.existence存在；C.troubles苦惱；D.dignity尊嚴(yán)。根據(jù)“wheretheycaninteractwithothers,watchTVorlistentomusic;and,withluck,forgettheir”可知，此處是指忘記自己的煩惱。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望它的成功不僅僅依靠小鎮(zhèn)的睦鄰友好氣氛，因?yàn)檫@種善意需要傳播到彭布羅克以外的地方——到渥太華和其他地方。A.merely僅僅；B.ultimately最終；C.barely幾乎不；D.deeply深深地。根據(jù)“thatneedstotravelbeyondPembroke—intoOttawa,andelsewhere”可知，此處是指不僅僅取決于小鎮(zhèn)的睦鄰友好氣氛。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望它的成功不僅僅依靠小鎮(zhèn)的睦鄰友好氣氛，因?yàn)檫@種善意需要傳播到彭布羅克以外的地方——到渥太華和其他地方。A.service服務(wù)；B.routine慣例；C.tradition傳統(tǒng)；D.kindness善意。根據(jù)前文“offeringfreehotmealsatapub”可知，此處是指這種善意。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JilisilkisatypeofsilkproducedinJiliVillage,HuzhouCityZhejiangProvince.JiliVillagehasproducedsilk____36____thevillagewasestablishedinthelateYuanDynasty.Jilisilkissoftandfinewith____37____eventhicknessandshinywhitecolor.Withthesefeatures,JilisilkiswidelyrecognizedinChinaandacrosstheworld.Inthemid-MingDynastythissilkbecamewell-knownfor____38____(be)oneofthematerialsusedtomaketheemperor’srobes.IntheQingDynasty,thegovernmentusedtopurchasealargeamountofJilisilkeachye