中考復(fù)習(xí)英語專題突破第16講牛津譯林版八年級下冊Units7-8課件

第16講

Units

7~8知識建構(gòu)第16講

Units

7~8要點梳理詞匯拓展Unit

71.base（n.）以……為基礎(chǔ)→______（adj.）基礎(chǔ)的2.medicine（n.）醫(yī)學(xué)→________（adj.）醫(yī)學(xué)的3.operate（v.）做手術(shù)→_________（n.）手術(shù)basicmedicaloperation4.treat（v.）治療；招待→_________（n.）治療；招待5.develop（v.）發(fā)展；開發(fā)→____________（n.）發(fā)展6.secretary（n.）秘書→__________（復(fù)數(shù)）7.India（n.）印度→_______（adj.）印度（人）的；（n.）印度人8.educate（v.）教育→_________（n.）教育treatmentdevelopmentsecretariesIndianeducationUnit

81.dig（v.）挖（洞、溝等）→_____（過去式/過去分詞）→________（現(xiàn)在分詞）2.wise（adj.）明智的；充滿智慧的→_______（adv.）機智地→____________（副詞的比較級）3.produce（v.）導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生→_________（過去式/過去分詞）→________（n.）成品，成果→__________（n.）產(chǎn)量dugdiggingwiselymore

wiselyproducedproductproduction4.harm（v.&n.）傷害；危害→________（adj.）有害的→_________（adj.）無害的5.pollute（v.）污染→________（過去式/過去分詞）→________（adj.）被污染了的→_________（n.）污染6.simple（adj.）簡單的→_______（adv.）簡直；簡單地7.live（v.）居??；生存→______（adj.）活著的，活的→______（adj.）活著的→______（adj.）活潑的；生氣勃勃的harmfulharmlesspollutedpollutedpollutionsimplylivingalivelively重點短語Unit

71.提供基礎(chǔ)教育

__________________________2.去看病______________3.擁有平等權(quán)利________________4.負擔(dān)不起（做）某事_______________________5.在飛機（船、火車）上_________6.分發(fā)傳單________________7.創(chuàng)建一個慈善機構(gòu)_______________offer/provide

basic

educationgo

to

hospitalhave

equal

rightscan’t

afford（to

do）

sthon

boardhand

out

leafletsset

up

a

charity8.檢查一下

_____________9.下定決心做某事____________________________10.為……籌集資金_______________11.繼續(xù)做某事_______________________12.為做某事感到自豪__________________13.舉辦一場慈善演出___________________14.（患上）牙疼___________________15.防止某人生病______________________________have

a

checkmake

up

one’s

mind

to

do

sthraise

money

forcarry

on

with/

doing

sthbe

proud

to

do

sthhold

a

charity

showget

（a）

toothacheprevent

sb

from

getting

illnessesUnit

81.關(guān)電源/燈/水龍頭

__________________________2.減少空氣污染__________________3.回收空瓶子____________________4.選擇公共交通_____________________5.允許某人做某事__________________6.將某物分類、分組______________________turn

off

the

power/lights/tapreduce

air

pollutionrecycle

empty

bottleschoose

public

transportallow

sb

to

do

sthseparate

sth

into

groups7.（某物）用完，耗盡

________8.對……起作用____________________9.發(fā)展一種綠色生活方式_______________________10.取決于_______________11.砍倒__________12.使用紙張的正反面_________________________13.正在（不在）使用_________________run

outmake

a

difference

todevelop

a

green

lifestyledepend

on/uponcut

downuse

both

sides

of

the

paperbe

（not）

in

use14.對我們的環(huán)境有害

______________________________________15.惡化____________________16.遵循這些簡單的措施_______________________17.做一次關(guān)于……的調(diào)查____________________18.保持水土_________________be

harmful

to/be

bad

for

our

environmentchange

for

the

worsefollow

these

simple

stepsdo/make

a

survey

onkeep

soil

in

place重點句型Unit

71.I’m

____

______

to

walk

any

_______.

（P92）

我太虛弱，走不動（更遠）了。2.The

plane

is

also________a

training

centre.

（P94）

這架飛機也被用作培訓(xùn)中心。tooweakfurtherusedas3.Many

of

our

patients

______

_______

___

go

to

hospital,

so

we

have

to

go

to

them.

（P94）

我們的很多病人沒有錢去醫(yī)院看病，所有我們得去他們那兒。can’taffordto4.____________them,wehopetohelpmorepeople.（P94）通過培訓(xùn)他們，我們希望幫助更多的人。5.Duringmylastvisit,150patientswere_____________.（P95）在我上次的巡診期間，有150名病人動了手術(shù)。6.Butmoremoneyis_______to__________withourwork.（P95）但是需要更多的錢來繼續(xù)我們的工作。7.Youlook_____.What’s___________（P102）你看起來臉色蒼白，怎么了？Bytrainingoperatedonneededcarryonpalethematter8.So

she

______

up

her

______

___

train

as

a

nurse

and

________

courses

after

work.

（P104）

因此她下定決心接受護士培訓(xùn)，并且在下班后去上課。mademindtoattendedUnit

81.We

can

save

water

by

_______

_______

________.

（P107）我們可以通過縮短沖澡時間來節(jié)水。2.It

is

beautiful,

and

we

should

try

to_____it__________.

（P108）它很美，而且我們應(yīng)盡力讓它保持那樣。takingshortershowerskeepthatway3.______

___

the

clothes

are

_____

in

charity

shops,

______

are

______

to

the

poor,

and

_______

are

sent

to

factories

for

_________.

（P108）

一些衣服放在慈善商店出售，一些送給窮人，

還有一些送到工廠循環(huán)回收。Someofsoldsomegivenothersrecycling4.If

we

_____

litter

in

public

places,

we

_____

____

______

by

the

police.

（P109）

如果我們在公共場所扔垃圾，將會被警察罰款。dropwillbefined5.We

_______

____

its

_____

resources

to

live,

so

it

is

important

for

us

to

_______

it

_______.

（P109）

我們依賴其豐富的資源生存，所以要理智地保護它，這點很重要。dependonrichprotectwisely6.These

new

types

of

energy

_____

very

_____

and

will

never

____

____.

（P109）這些新能源不僅成本低廉，而且用之不竭。7.As________people,

animals

are________by

pollution.

（P114）污染不僅對人，也對動物造成傷害。costlittlerunoutwellasharmed8.Our

environment

is

changing

____

____

_______,

so

it

is

time

for

us

to

go

______.

（P118）

我們的環(huán)境變得越來越糟糕，所以是我們行動起來保護環(huán)境的時候了。fortheworsegreen9.We

should

________

waste

_____

different

groups

____

_____

it

can

be

recycled.

（P119）

我們應(yīng)將垃圾分類以便回收。separateintosothat10._______

these

small

______,

and

you

can

______

___

____

__________

to

the

Earth!遵從這些小措施，你會對地球產(chǎn)生很大影響！Followstepsmakeabigdifference第16講

Units

7~8考點聚焦考點1

被動語態(tài)

1.被動語態(tài)的概念：

英語中語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)主語是謂語的執(zhí)行者時，用主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)主語是謂語的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)。例如：

Mr

Wu

chose

me

as

the

host.

吳老師選擇我作為主持人。（主動語態(tài)）

I

was

chosen

as

the

host

by

Mr

Wu.

我被吳老師選為主持人。（被動語態(tài)）

2.被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+動詞的過去分詞不同的時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+doneEnglish

is

used

as

an

international

language.

英語被用作一種國際性語言。一般過去時was/were+doneThe

thief

was

caught

by

the

brave

policeman

yesterday.

昨天那個賊被英勇的警察抓獲了。不同的時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般將來時“will+be

done”或“be

going

to+be

done”（主語是第一人稱時，也可用“shall+be

done”）The

food

will

be/is

going

to

be

eaten

by

Eddie

soon.

這食物很快就要被Eddie吃掉了。I

shall/will

be

sent

to

a

village

school

next

month.

下個月，我將被派送至一個鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校。續(xù)表

3.有些動詞的主動語態(tài)形式可以表達被動意義：

（1）smell、taste、sound、feel、look等感官動詞和keep、remain、stay、seem、prove等表示狀態(tài)的系動詞，其構(gòu)成的句子主語可以是被感知或描述的對象。例如：

Silk

feels

very

soft.

絲綢摸上去很柔軟。

My

bedroom

keeps

clean

all

the

time.

我的臥室一直（被）保持得很干凈。

（2）sell、read、write、draw、wash、run、open等作為不及物動詞充當(dāng)謂語時，常與well、easily、badly、smoothly等副詞連用，表示主語的屬性特征。例如：

The

books

sell

well.

這些書很暢銷。

This

kind

of

cloth

washes

easily.

這種布料易清洗。

（3）take

place、run

out、happen、hang、weigh等描述狀態(tài)的不及物動詞與短語。例如：

Great

changes

have

taken

place

in

our

school

in

the

last

10

years.

過去10年里我們的學(xué)校發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

This

hen

weighs

three

kilograms.

這只母雞3千克重?？键c精練1.The

thief

___

by

the

police

last

night.CA.caught

B.were

caught

C.was

caught2.You

can

go

out

if

your

homework

___.AA.is

done

B.will

do

C.will

be

done3.—Frog,

Mo

Yan’s

novel,

please!—Sorry,

it

___

just

now.

But

it

will

come

out

again

soon.BA.sold

out

B.was

sold

out

C.has

sold

out4.The

2024

Olympic

Games

___

in

Paris.

I

can’t

wait!BA.were

held

B.will

be

held

C.are

held考點2

主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的句式轉(zhuǎn)化

1.“主+謂+雙賓（S+V+IO間賓+DO直賓）”句型的被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化：主動語態(tài)主語He謂語（主動式）passed間賓me直賓a

basketball.被動語態(tài)原直賓A

basketball謂語（被動式）was

passedto間賓meby原主語（改為賓格）him.原間賓（改為主格）I謂語（被動式）was

passed原直賓a

basketballby原主語（改為賓格）him.

2.部分不帶to的動詞不定式（如：see/hear/make

sb

do

sth等）的被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化：主動語態(tài)主語Andy謂語（主動式）made賓語us不帶to的不定式laugh.被動語態(tài)原賓語（改為主格）We謂語（被動式）were

made帶to的不定式to

laughby原主語（改為賓格）

Andy.考點精練1.—Howdidyoudealwiththemoneyweraisedlastweek—Wekepthalfofthemoney,andtherest___tocharity.CA.gave

B.were

given

C.was

given2.To

finish

the

product

orders,

the

workers

were

made

___

twelve

hours

every

day.BA.work

B.to

work

C.working考點3

proud的用法

1.proud為形容詞，意為“驕傲的；自豪的”，短語be

proud

of意為“為某事或某人自豪、驕傲”；be

proud

to

do

sth意為“以做某事而自豪”。例如：

Jim

was

proud

to

get

a

high

score

in

the

English

exam.

Jim為考試中獲得高分而驕傲。

We

are

proud

of

our

great

motherland.

我們?yōu)閭ゴ蟮淖鎳院馈?/p>

2.proud的名詞為pride，常見搭配為take

pride

in=be

proud

of。例如：

I

take

pride

in

having

a

friend

like

you.

我以有你這樣的朋友而驕傲?？键c精練After

the

college

entrance

examination,

many

parents

say

that

they’re

proud

___

their

children

because

they

are

so

hardworking

and

successful.AA.of

B.for

C.with考點4

make

a

difference

to...

對……有影響（起作用）

make

a/no/some/much

difference意思是“有/沒有/有一些/有很大作用（關(guān)系、影響）”。例如：

The

fresh

air

in

the

countryside

has

made

a

big

difference

to

her

health.

鄉(xiāng)下的新鮮空氣大大改善了她的健康狀況?？键c精練—ShallwegoonFridayorSaturday—EitherdayisOK.Itmakesnodifference___me.BA.for

B.to

C.from考點5

spread的用法

1.spread作名詞時，意為“蔓延；擴散；分布；展開”。詞組the

spread

of意為“……的蔓延”。例如：

We

will

see

the

wide

spread

of

green

forests

if

we

plant

more

trees.

如果我們種植更多的樹，我們將看到更廣闊的綠色森林。

2.spread也可以作動詞，意為“傳播；展開；散布；鋪開”，其過去式與過去分詞均是spread。例如：

The

radio

spread

the

news

as

soon

as

the

accident

happened.

事故一發(fā)生，收音機就把這條信息傳播出去了?？键c精練Terrible

COVID-19

___

quickly

at

the

beginning,

but

after

fighting

against

it

for

three

years,

we

are

no

longer

afraid

of

the

virus.AA.spread

B.was

spread

C.was

spreading考點6

As

well

as

people,

animals

are

harmed

by

pollution.

不僅是人類，動物也受到了污染的危害。

as

well

as意為“也；還有；而且”，當(dāng)as

well

as連接兩個成分作主語時，其后的謂語動詞通常與前面的一個主語保持一致。例如：

Tom

as

well

as

his

parents

is

going

to

London.

Tom和他的父母即將去倫敦。

Jane

shares

her

worries

as

well

as

happiness

with

me.

Jane與我同甘共苦。

as

well

as也可以用來表示同級比較，可視為as...as結(jié)構(gòu)與well的自然搭配，意為“和……一樣好”。例如：

David

speaks

French

as

well

as

Daniel.

David的法語說得跟Daniel的一樣好?？键c精練1.Liu

Ying

is

good

at

singing.

She

sings

___

a

famous

singer.AA.as

well

as

B.as

good

as

C.as

long

as2.Lily

as

well

as

her

classmates

___

disappointed

when

they

knew

their

class

failed

in

the

football

game.BA.were

B.was

C.is考點7

These

new

types

of

energy

cost

very

little

and

will

never

run

out.

這些新型能源不僅成本低廉，而且用之不盡。

1.【辨析】

run

out和run

out

of

run

out意為“用完；耗盡”，主語通常是時間、金錢、食物等無生命的名詞,后面不能跟賓語；run

out

of意為“把……用完”，表示主動含義，主語一般為人，后面必須跟賓語，還有“從……跑出來”的意思。例如：

His

money

soon

ran

out.

他的錢很快就花光了。

When

we

are

young,

we

feel

that

we

will

never

run

out

of

time.

當(dāng)我們年輕時，我們覺得時間永遠都用不完。

Don’t

run

out

of

the

classroom.

不要從教室跑出去。

2.【辨析】

run

out與use

up

兩個短語都有“用完”之意，但run

out的主語一般是物；use

up的主語一般是人。例如：

The

gas

ran

out

a

mile

from

home.

在離家還有一英里的地方汽油用完了。

We

used

up

food

and

water.

我們把食物和水都用完了。考點精練We

shouldn’t

waste

natural

resources

because

some

of

them

will

___

one

day.BA.use

up

B.run

out

C.dug

out第16講

Units

7~8寫作指導(dǎo)環(huán)保主題倡議書

寫環(huán)保主題的倡議書時，要注意以下幾點：

1.介紹環(huán)境污染或能源浪費等嚴(yán)峻形勢。

2.明確環(huán)保的意義、具體的舉措和個人的觀點，注意運用合適的銜接詞。

3.文章的時態(tài)主要用一般現(xiàn)在時，闡述即將落實的環(huán)保舉措可用一般將來時，人稱以第一人稱為主，為強調(diào)動作的承受者可以用被動語態(tài)。常用句型開頭句：1.Nowadays,

more

and

more

people

have

realized

the

importance

of....2.It

is

important

for

us

to....3....has

made

a

great

contribution

to

environmental

protection.4.At

the

same

time,

it

can....正文句：1.Here

are

some

suggestions

for....2.First

of

all,

we

should....3.Second,

we

can....4.Besides,

let’s/we’d

better....5.Moreover,

it

is

a

good

idea

to/a

good

way

to/good

to....6.The

most

important

thing

is

to..../Last

but

not

least,

it

is

also

important

to....結(jié)尾句：1.If

all

of

us

try

our

best

to...,

we’ll

lead

a

better

life.

/If

we

act

together,

the

world

will

be

better

and

better.2.Let’s

pull

together

and

take

action

from

now

on.3.Follow

these

small

but

useful

steps,

and

we

can

make

a

big

difference

to....典型例題學(xué)校決定開展一次主題征文活動，號召大家踐行垃圾分類，倡導(dǎo)綠色生活。請根據(jù)以下要點提示，以“Rubbish

sorting

starts

with

me”為題，用英語寫一篇80詞左右的短文。

要點提示：

1.意義：可以減少垃圾產(chǎn)生、循環(huán)使用垃圾等。

2.做法：通過書籍和網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)垃圾分類知識，參與志愿服務(wù)等；將各種垃圾分類投放在不同顏色的垃圾桶里等；舊衣服做成購物袋，廢品做成藝術(shù)品，減少使用塑料袋等。

3.個人觀點……參考范文Rubbish

sorting

starts

with

me

Nowadays,

more

and

more

people

have

realized

the

importance

of

rubbish

sorting.

It

is

important

for

us

to

create

an

environmentally

friendly

society.

Rubbish

sorting

has

made

a

great

contribution

to

environmental

protection.

Here

are

some

suggestions

for

rubbish

sorting.

First

of

all,

we

should

learn

the

knowledge

of

rubbish

sorting

through

books

and

the

Internet.

Second,

we

can

take

part

in

volunteer

service

to

help

people

sort

their

rubbish.

Besides,

let’s

put

all

kinds

of

rubbish

into

different

coloured

rubbish

bins.

Moreover,

it

is

a

good

idea

to

make

old

clothes

into

shopping

bags

and

waste

into

art.

The

most

important

thing

is

to

reduce

the

use

of

plastic

bags.

If

all

of

us

try

our

best

to

sort

rubbish,

we’ll

lead

a

better

life.

All

of

us

can

do

our

part

to

protect

the

environment

and

encourage

others

to

sort

their

rubbish.

Let’s

pull

together

and

take

action

from

now

on.學(xué)習(xí)至此，請完成第16講備考練習(xí)第16講

Units

7~8第16講備考練習(xí)一、單項選擇。1.I

love

this

city,

________

in

the

spring,

even

though

I

was

not

born

here.(

)

BA.certainly

B.especially

C.properly2.Workers

have

the

________

to

enjoy

several

days

of

paid

leave

every

year

according

to

their

working

experience.

(

)

CA.card

B.prize

C.right3.—Nature

is

our

greatest

treasure.—Yes.

If

humans

don’t

take

action,

natural

resources

will

________

one

day.

(

)

BA.turn

out

B.run

out

C.put

out4.We

didn’t

go

to

the

concert

because

we

couldn’t

________

to

buy

the

tickets

to

it.

(

)

CA.expect

B.offer

C.afford5.The

students

in

our

school

can

practise

their

spoken

English________

joining

the

English

club.

(

)

AA.by

B.on

C.with6.Without

enough

trees,

soil

won’t

be

kept

________.

And

then

sandstorms

may

happen.

(

)

AA.in

place

B.in

the

place

C.on

place7.—Howwillyouhelpwiththeactivity—Wewill________leafletstoaskpeopletotakepartin.()BA.take

out

B.hand

out

C.work

out8.—China

is

a

country

with

________

resources.—That’s

true.

But

China

is

also

a

country

with

the

largest

number

of

people.

(

)

BA.poor

B.rich

C.high9.—Sam,couldyoutellmesomethingaboutEarthHour—Yes,itcallspeopleto________lightsandkeepthemoffforanhour.()BA.take

off

B.turn

off

C.get

off10.Great

changes

have

taken

place

in

our

city.

We

are

all

________

the

achievements.

(

)

BA.known

as

B.proud

of

C.similar

to11.—Areyougettingonwellwithyourproject—Well,itishardformeto________withit.ButIwillnevergiveitup.()BA.hold

on

B.carry

on

C.depend

on12.The

United

Nations

has

done

a

lot

for

the

peace

of

the

world

since

it

________

in

1945.

(

)

CA.set

up

B.is

set

up

C.was

set

up13.The

World

Cup

________

every

four

years.

And

the

last

one

was

held

in

Qatar.

(

)

AA.takes

place

B.is

taken

place

C.is

taking

place14.—Whatdoyouthinkofyesterday’sactivityinyourcommunity—Wonderful.Alotofusefuladviceonselfprotection________.()BA.is

offered

B.was

offered

C.were

offered15.—Youlookpale!________—Nothingserious.I’mjustfeelingabituncomfortable.()AA.What’s

the

matter

B.How

are

you

going

C.What

about

you二、根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.We

want

the

kids

to

have

the

best

possible

_________（educate）.2.Reading

in

poor

light

is________（harm）

to

your

eyes.3.Children

should

be

taught

to

spend

their

free

time_______（wise）.4.Paul

has

finished

the

project

on

reusing_______（nature）

resources.5.This

pen_______（write）

smoothly.

It’s

a

good

choice

to

buy

it

as

a

present.6.Water

pollution

is

bad

for______（live）

things.educationharmfulwiselynaturalwritesliving7.The

33rd

Olympic

Games

will

be

_____（hold）

in

Paris

in

2024.8.Waste

can

be

made

into

something

new

by_________（recycle）.9.The

little

boy

was_________（punish）

by

his

father

because

he

did

something

wrong.10.There

are

a

few___________（different）

between

the

two

pictures.11.Lin

Tao’s

father

is

an_______（office）

in

the

local

government.12.Since

you

have

red

and

green

colour_________（blind）,

I’m

afraid

you

can’t

pass

the

test.heldrecyclingpunisheddifferencesofficerblindness13.Jack

was

fined

because

he

threw

rubbish

in

a

public

area

__________（careless）.14.Every

year,

many

Chinese________（medicine）

teams

are

sent

abroad

to

give

help.15.Hurry

up,

kids!

The

school

bus

is

coming.

We

have

little

time____（leave）.carelesslymedicalleft三、選詞填空。

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~并用其正確形式填空。每個單詞限用一次。

good

sick

it

die

with

providenumber

student

happy

protect

Charities

have

many

different

types

when

it

comes

to

their

missions（使命）.

Before

you

donate

money

to

a

charity,

1.

.

is

better

for

you

to

know

it

first.

Now

take

a

look

at

these

charities.it

Animal

charitiesMostpeoplelovecuteanimals.Nowalarge2..ofpeoplearoundtheworldsupportanimalcharities.Theirmissionsareto3..bothpetsandwildlife.Theyhopetheseanimalscanlive4..andcomfortably.AreyouananimalloverThengiveahandtothesecharities.numberprotecthappilygood

sick

it

die

with

providenumber

student

happy

protect

Health

charities

This

kind

of

charity

usually

supports

the5.

.

and

the

disabled.

As

we

all

know,

many

people

around

the

world

6.

.

of

diseases

like

cancer.

So

these

health

charities

also

work

on

some

special

medicine

to

make

those

people

feel

much

7.

..

This

isn’t

their

only

mission.

They

also

make

people

know

about

some

health

risks.sickdiebettergood

sick

it

die

with

providenumber

student

happy

protect

Education

charities

Many

people

want

to

go

to

school,

but

in

fact,

not

all

of

them

can

do

so.

These

charities

are

for

them.

8.

.

the

help

of

these

charities,

these

people

do

make

their

dream

come

true.

These

education

charities

may

9.

.

money

and

help

for

many

schools.

Of

course,

they

don’t

only

support

10.

..

They

may

also

support

excellent

teachers

or

parents.

These

are

just

some

of

the

charities

that

are

worth

donating

to.

So

if

you

like

helping

people,

just

find

one

that

speaks

to

your

heart.Withprovidestudentsgood

sick

it

die

with

providenumber

student

happy

protect四、閱讀理解。

Nowadays,

people

from

all

over

the

world

are

trying

to

solve

the

environmental

problems

and

protect

the

environment.

Energy

protection.

The

plastic

bottles