八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末培優(yōu)卷（南通專用）

20232024學(xué)年上學(xué)期八年級(jí)期末培優(yōu)卷（南通專用）英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.全卷滿分120分?？荚嚂r(shí)間為120分鐘。試題包含選擇題和非選擇題?？忌痤}全部答在答題卡上,答在本試卷上無(wú)效。2.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)監(jiān)考教師在答題卡上所粘貼條形碼的姓名、考試證號(hào)是否與本人相符合,再將自己的姓名、考試證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆填寫(xiě)在答題卡及本試卷上。3.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用05毫米黑色墨水簽字筆寫(xiě)在答題卡的指定位置,在其他位置答題一律無(wú)效。第I卷（選擇題共60分）一、單項(xiàng)選擇（本題共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1．—Toliveagreenlife,weshoulddosomethingactively.—________.Let’sstartfromnowon.A．Nevermind B．Iagree C．Itdoesn’tmatter D．That’sallright【答案】B【詳解】句意：——要過(guò)綠色生活，我們應(yīng)該積極做一些事情。——我同意。讓我們從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Nevermind沒(méi)關(guān)系；Iagree我同意；Itdoesn’tmatter沒(méi)關(guān)系；That’sallright沒(méi)關(guān)系。根據(jù)“Toliveagreenlife,weshoulddosomethingactively”及“Let’sstartfromnowon”可知，同意對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)，故選B。2．ThemodelEiffelTowerintheWorldParkissmall________wonderful.A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so【答案】C【詳解】句意：世界公園里的埃菲爾鐵塔模型很小，但很奇妙?？疾檫B詞辨析。and和；or或者；but但是；so所以。根據(jù)“small...beautiful”可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故選C。3．—I’vetriedmybest,butIstillfailed.—Don’tloseheart.Youshouldlearnto________theresultandkeeptrying.A．a(chǎn)ccept B．receive C．record D．prevent【答案】A【詳解】句意：——我已經(jīng)盡力了，但還是失敗了?！?jiǎng)e灰心。你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)接受結(jié)果并繼續(xù)努力。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。accept接受；receive收到；record記錄；prevent預(yù)防。根據(jù)“theresultandkeeptrying”可推知，是指接受結(jié)果。故選A。4．—Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisafternoon,Jane?—It________befine.Whoknows?It’salwayschangingquickly.A．must B．will C．may D．should【答案】C【詳解】句意：——今天下午天氣會(huì)怎么樣，Jane？——可能會(huì)好的。誰(shuí)知道呢？它總是在快速變化?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。must必須；will將會(huì)；may可能；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“Whoknows?It’salwayschangingquickly.”可知，今天下午的天氣“可能”很好，表示肯定推測(cè)用may。故選C。5．—Couldyouhelpus________someChristmaslights,Jimmy?—Noproblem.It’sagoodideatosetanexcitingfeelingwithcoloredlights.A．putout B．putin C．puton D．putoff【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你能幫我們裝一些圣誕彩燈嗎，吉米？——沒(méi)問(wèn)題。用彩燈營(yíng)造一種令人興奮的感覺(jué)是個(gè)好主意。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。putout撲滅；putin安裝；puton穿上；putup張貼，舉起。根據(jù)“someChristmaslights”可知要安裝一些圣誕彩燈。故選B。6．—Jim,didyoufeelaslightshakeat9:46lastnight?Iheardanearthquakehityourcity.—Sure!I________myhomeworkinthestudy.A．did B．a(chǎn)mhaving C．woulddo D．wasdoing【答案】D【詳解】句意：——吉姆，昨晚9點(diǎn)46分你有感覺(jué)到輕微的震動(dòng)嗎？我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你們城市發(fā)生了地震?！?dāng)然！我當(dāng)時(shí)正在書(shū)房里做作業(yè)?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“didyoufeelaslightshakeat9:46lastnight?”以及“I...myhomeworkinthestudy.”可知此處是指“我”那時(shí)正在書(shū)房里做作業(yè)，時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選D。7．Whichofthefollowinghasthesamesentencestructure(句子結(jié)構(gòu))as“Icecreamtastesnice.”?A．Childrenlikeflyingkitesinspring. B．Heoftenswimsinsummer.C．Mostleavesturnbrowninautumn. D．Wecanseepeoplemakesnowmeninwinter.【答案】C【詳解】句意：下列哪一個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)與“Icecreamtastesnice”相同？考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。Childrenlikeflyingkitesinspring.孩子們喜歡在春天放風(fēng)箏（主謂賓）；Heoftenswimsinsummer.他經(jīng)常在夏天游泳（主謂）；Mostleavesturnbrowninautumn.大多數(shù)樹(shù)葉在秋天變成棕色（主系表）；Wecanseepeoplemakesnowmeninwinter.我們可以看到人們?cè)诙於蜒┤耍ㄖ髦^賓賓補(bǔ)）。題干中“Icecreamtastesnice.”是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，C選項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)與其相同。故選C。8．Theorderofthepoemshouldbe________.a.Thewindispassingby.b.Neither(既不)younor(也不)I.c.Whohasseenthewind?d.Butwhenthetreesbow(彎曲)downtheirheads.A．cdab B．cdba C．cbda D．cbad【答案】C【詳解】句意：這首詩(shī)的順序應(yīng)該是cbda?？疾槌ＷR(shí)。Thewindispassingby風(fēng)經(jīng)過(guò)了；NeitheryounorI既不是你也不是我；Whohasseenthewind誰(shuí)看到了風(fēng)；Butwhenthetreesbowdowntheirheads但是當(dāng)樹(shù)低頭的時(shí)候。根據(jù)常識(shí)，結(jié)合各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，應(yīng)該是cbda。故選C。9．—IsJamescrazy?He’spracticinglongjumponsuchawindyday!—Don’thaveacow,guy!He’stesting_________hecouldjumpwiththewindathisback.A．howfar B．howoften C．howlong D．howsoon【答案】A【詳解】句意：——詹姆斯瘋了嗎？他在這么大風(fēng)的天練跳遠(yuǎn)！——?jiǎng)e大驚小怪的，伙計(jì)！他在測(cè)試在順風(fēng)的情況下他能跳多遠(yuǎn)?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)辨析。howfar多遠(yuǎn)；howoften多久一次；howlong多長(zhǎng)；howsoon多久。根據(jù)“He’stesting...hecouldjumpwiththewindathisback.”可知，此處表示能跳多遠(yuǎn)，側(cè)重距離，故選A。10．Whenyouetothewaitingroom,youcanseeasignwiththefollowing________onit.Quietplease.Nosmoking.Keeptheroomclean.Lineupinorder.A．records B．rules C．reports D．results【答案】B【詳解】句意：當(dāng)你來(lái)到等候室時(shí)，你會(huì)看到一個(gè)牌子，上面寫(xiě)著以下規(guī)則?？疾槊~辨析。records記錄；rules規(guī)則；reports報(bào)道；results結(jié)果。根據(jù)“Quietplease.Nosmoking.Keeptheroomclean.Lineupinorder.”可知，請(qǐng)安靜、禁止吸煙、保持房間清潔以及按順序排好隊(duì)都是規(guī)則，故選B。11．Mr.White________hiskeysintheoffice,sonowhehastocallhiswifeforhelp.A．hasforgotten B．forgot C．hasleft D．left【答案】C【詳解】句意：懷特先生把鑰匙忘在辦公室了，所以現(xiàn)在他得打給他的妻子尋求幫助?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析及動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。“懷特先生把鑰匙落在辦公室”的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，并且對(duì)現(xiàn)在“請(qǐng)求妻子幫助”產(chǎn)生了影響，故為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。forget與leave均可表示“遺忘”，但forget不與表示地點(diǎn)的副詞或短語(yǔ)連用，leave要與表示地點(diǎn)的副詞或短語(yǔ)連用。本句中有地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“intheoffice”，故用leave。故選C。12．—WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmTheBattleatLakeChangjin?—Ithinkit’s________filmthatIhaveeverseen.A．themostexciting B．themostexcited C．a(chǎn)mostexciting D．a(chǎn)mostexcited【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你認(rèn)為電影《長(zhǎng)津湖戰(zhàn)役》怎樣？——我認(rèn)為它是我看過(guò)的最興奮的電影?？疾樾稳菰~最高級(jí)。﹣ing結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾物、﹣ed結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾人，此處修飾名詞film，選擇﹣ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，排除B、D；最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the限定。故選A。13．—HaveyouwatchedtheChinesefilmReturntoDust?—Sure.It’s________excellentfilmwith________sadending.A．a(chǎn)n;a B．a(chǎn)n;an C．the;a D．the;an【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你看過(guò)中國(guó)電影《隱入塵煙》嗎？——當(dāng)然。這是一部結(jié)局悲慘的優(yōu)秀電影。考查冠詞。第一空泛指一部?jī)?yōu)秀電影，excellent以元音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用an；第二空泛指一個(gè)悲慘的結(jié)局，sad以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用a。故選A。14．—IwanttohaveatriptoNantongBotanicalGarden(植物園).ButIdon’tknowtheway.—Oh,youcanuseGaudMap.Itcan________showyouhowtogetthere.A．quietly B．politely C．slowly D．clearly【答案】D【詳解】句意：——我想去南通植物園旅游。但是我不認(rèn)識(shí)路?！叮憧梢杂酶叩碌貓D。它可以清楚地告訴你如何到達(dá)那里?？疾楦痹~辨析。quietly安靜地；politely禮貌地；slowly慢慢地；clearly清楚地。根據(jù)“Oh,youcanuseGaudMap.Itcan…showyouhowtogetthere.”可知，高德地圖可以清楚地告訴你如何到那里，故選D。15．—Iamsohungry.Eric,doyouhaveanythingtoeat?—IwishIcouldofferyousomecake,butthereis________left.A．none B．nothing C．a(chǎn)nything D．something【答案】A【詳解】句意：——我很餓，Eric，你有什么吃的嗎？——我希望我能給你一些蛋糕，但是沒(méi)有剩下的了?？疾椴欢ù~辨析。none沒(méi)什么；nothing沒(méi)什么東西；anything任何事；something一些事。根據(jù)“IwishIcouldofferyousomecake,but...”可知but表轉(zhuǎn)折，希望有，但是沒(méi)有了，排除C和D。none用來(lái)回答Howmany、Howmuch的疑問(wèn)句，而nothing用來(lái)回答What的疑問(wèn)句，此處著重于數(shù)量，用none。故選A。二、完形填空(本題共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)Ifyougotoaparty,thisarticlewillhelpyoualot.Itwillteachyousomeusefulwaysand16helpyouspendahappypartytimewithyourfriends.Waitforyourturnwhileyou’rehavingdinner.Itis17toservetheoldestwomenatthetable,thentheotherwomenintheageorder.Lastly,it’sforthemen.Neverstarteating18thehostess(女主人)beginstoeat.Oryoumaymakeothersunhappyor19.Whileyou’reeating,puttheknifeandfork(餐叉)oneither20oftheplate.Afterfinishingeating,placeitsidebysideinthecenteroftheplate.Tryyourfood.Ifyou21thedish,itispolite(有禮貌的)toatleasttryeatingalittle.Thatshowsyourrespect(尊敬).Thiswillmakethehostwantto22youagainnexttime.It’s23toleavesomefoodononesideofyourplateifyoufeelfull.Ontheotherhand,don’ttrytoleaveyourplateso24thatitlookslikeyouhaven’teatenfordays!Makepolitetalkswiththose25aroundyou.That’sbecausedinnerpartiesarenotjustaboutthefood,andyoucan26somethingmontotalkwiththem.Ifyoucananswerothers’questions,theywillthinkyouare27.Ifyoudon’twanttotalk,youcanbejustcarefultolookatothers’28whilelistening.Theycanseeyourheart.Remembertothankthehostandhostessbeforeleaving.Youcansayyoulikethedinnerorenjoythishappy29.Thentheywillalsothankyouforlovingthisparty.Asaresult,theywill30youhaveagoodtime.16．A．hardly B．a(chǎn)lmost C．certainly17．A．traditional B．easy C．special18．A．a(chǎn)fter B．until C．during19．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．serious C．strict20．A．piece B．side C．top21．A．discuss B．dislike C．stand22．A．invite B．reach C．a(chǎn)ccept23．A．difficult B．impossible C．normal24．A．fresh B．dirty C．clean25．A．cooks B．guests C．a(chǎn)ctors26．A．lookfor B．hearfrom C．turnon27．A．unlucky B．meaningless C．understanding28．A．a(chǎn)rms B．feet C．eyes29．A．program B．service C．education30．A．improve B．believe C．a(chǎn)ppear【答案】16．C17．A18．B19．A20．B21．B22．A23．C24．C25．B26．A27．C28．C29．B30．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一些餐桌禮儀。16．句意：它會(huì)教你一些有用的方法，當(dāng)然也會(huì)幫助你和朋友一起度過(guò)一段快樂(lè)的聚會(huì)時(shí)光。hardly幾乎不；almost幾乎；certainly當(dāng)然。根據(jù)“helpyouspendahappypartytimewithyourfriends.”可知這些方法肯定能幫助你度過(guò)一段美好的時(shí)光。故選C。17．句意：傳統(tǒng)的做法是先為餐桌上年齡最大的女性服務(wù)，然后按年齡順序?yàn)槠渌苑?wù)。traditional傳統(tǒng)的；easy容易的；special特別的。根據(jù)“servetheoldestwomenatthetable”可知先為年老的女性服務(wù)，這是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的做法。故選A。18．句意：在女主人開(kāi)始吃飯之前，千萬(wàn)不要開(kāi)始吃飯。after在……之后；until直到；during在……期間。根據(jù)“thehostess(女主人)beginstoeat.”可知是直到女主人開(kāi)始吃，才可以開(kāi)始吃飯。故選B。19．句意：否則你可能會(huì)讓別人不高興或生氣。angry生氣的；serious嚴(yán)肅的；strict嚴(yán)格的。根據(jù)“makeothersunhappyor”可知是先吃飯會(huì)讓別人不高興或生氣。故選A。20．句意：吃飯的時(shí)候，把刀叉放在盤(pán)子的兩邊。piece片；side邊；top頂端。根據(jù)“oftheplate”可知把刀叉放在盤(pán)子的兩邊。故選B。21．句意：如果你不喜歡這道菜，至少試著吃一點(diǎn)是禮貌的。discuss討論；dislike不喜歡；stand忍受。根據(jù)“itispolite(有禮貌的)toatleasttryeatingalittle”可知不喜歡的時(shí)候，也可以試著吃一點(diǎn)。故選B。22．句意：這會(huì)讓主人下次想再次邀請(qǐng)你。invite邀請(qǐng)；reach到達(dá)；accept接受。根據(jù)“Thiswillmakethehostwantto”可知是讓主人再次邀請(qǐng)你。故選A。23．句意：如果你覺(jué)得飽了，把一些食物放在盤(pán)子的一邊是很正常的。difficult困難的；impossible不可能的；normal正常的。根據(jù)“l(fā)eavesomefoodononesideofyourplateifyoufeelfull”可知如果吃飽了，盤(pán)子里剩一些食物是正常的。故選C。24．句意：另一方面，不要把盤(pán)子弄得太干凈，看起來(lái)你已經(jīng)好幾天沒(méi)吃東西了！fresh新鮮的；dirty臟的；clean干凈的。根據(jù)“thatitlookslikeyouhaven’teatenfordays!”可知幾天沒(méi)有吃飯，可能會(huì)把盤(pán)子里的食物吃干凈。故選C。25．句意：與周?chē)目腿硕Y貌交談。cooks廚師；guests客人；actors演員。根據(jù)“Makepolitetalkswiththose”可知是與參加聚會(huì)的客人交談。故選B。26．句意：這是因?yàn)橥硌绮粌H僅是關(guān)于食物的，你可以找一些共同的東西與他們交談。lookfor尋找；hearfrom收到……的來(lái)信；turnon打開(kāi)。根據(jù)“somethingmontotalkwiththem”可知是尋找一些共同的東西來(lái)談?wù)?。故選A。27．句意：如果你能回答別人的問(wèn)題，他們會(huì)認(rèn)為你是善解人意的。unlucky不幸的；meaningless無(wú)意義的；understanding善解人意的。根據(jù)“Ifyoucananswerothers’questions,theywillthinkyouare”可知如果能回答別人的問(wèn)題，別人會(huì)認(rèn)為你很善解人意。故選C。28．句意：如果你不想說(shuō)話，你可以在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候小心地看著別人的眼睛。arms胳膊；feet腳；eyes眼睛。根據(jù)“l(fā)ookatothers’...whilelistening”可知聽(tīng)的時(shí)候看著別人的眼睛。故選C。29．句意：你可以說(shuō)你喜歡這頓晚餐，也可以享受愉快的服務(wù)。program節(jié)目；service服務(wù)；education教育。根據(jù)“enjoythishappy”可知是享受主人提供的服務(wù)。故選B。30．句意：結(jié)果，他們會(huì)相信你玩得很開(kāi)心。improve提高；believe認(rèn)為；appear出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“youhaveagoodtime.”可知他們會(huì)認(rèn)為你玩得很開(kāi)心。故選B。三、閱讀理解(本題共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheStarByJaneTaylorTwinkle,twinkle,littlestar!HowIwonderwhatyouare.Upabovetheworldsohigh.Likeadiamond(鉆石)inthesky.Whentheburningsunisgone.Whenhenothingshinesupon.Thenyoushowyourlittlelight.Twinkle,twinkleallthenight.Thedarkblueskyyoukeep.Andoftenthroughmycurtainspeep(偷看).Foryounevershutyoureyes.Tillthesunisinthesky.It’syourbrightandtinyspar.Lightsthetravelersinthedark.ThoughIknownotwhatyouareTwinkle,twinkle,littlestar!31．Howdothefirstfoursentencesofthispoemrhyme?A．a(chǎn)abb B．a(chǎn)bab C．a(chǎn)bba D．a(chǎn)bbb32．Whichofthefollowinguses“personification(擬人)”?A．HowIwonderwhatyouare. B．Tillthesunisinthesky.C．Foryounevershutyoureyes. D．Likeadiamondinthesky.33．Theunderlinedsentenceshowsthatthestarsare________.A．generous B．patient C．helpful D．honest【答案】31．A32．C33．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇關(guān)于星星的詩(shī)歌。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)star和are發(fā)音以/r/結(jié)尾，high和sky發(fā)音以/a?/結(jié)尾可知，前四句韻律是aabb。故選A。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Foryounevershutyoureyes.”可知，此句描述星星閉上眼睛，是擬人化的手法。故選C。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Lightsthetravelersinthedark”可知，星星照亮黑暗中的旅行者，表明星星樂(lè)于助人。故選C。BTheShenzhou15crewedspaceshipwaslaunched(發(fā)射)successfullyfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinNorthwestChinaontheeveningofNovember29,2022.Thespaceshiptookthreeastronauts(FeiJunlong,DengQingmingandZhangLu)tocarryouttheShenzhou15spaceflightmission(任務(wù)).ThisisthesecondtimeFeihasgoneintospace.”Feiisthemander.”saidJiQiming,thedirectoroftheCMSA．Afterenteringorbit(軌道),Fei’steammadethefirstinorbitshiftwiththethreeShenzhou14crew.Then,theShenzhou15spaceshipenteredthecountry’sspacestation.There,FeiJunlong,DengQingmingandZhangLumetwithanotherthreeastronautsoftheShenzhou14spaceship.Thiswasahistorictime,becausethiswasthefirsttimethatasmanyassixChinesepeopleweretravellinginspaceatthesametime.Theytookagrouppicturewiththeirthumbsup.Thesixastronautslivedandworkedtogetherforaboutfivedaystofinishplannedtasksandhandoverwork.Afterthat,theShenzhou14crewflewbacktotheEarth.TheShenzhou15crewwillstayinsidetheTiangongspacestationandcarryoutthreetofourspacewalksthroughthemission.Theirmaintasksincludeunlocking,installingandtesting15scientificequipment(設(shè)備)doingmorethan40scientificexperiments(實(shí)驗(yàn))andsoon.TheyaregoingtoreturntotheEarthinMay,2023.AsthefinalstepinthebuildingoftheTiangongspacestation,theShenzhou15missionalsomarksthefirststepintheoperation(運(yùn)行)ofthespacestation.TheTiangongspacestationturnedintoitslargestsizeafterthearrivaloftheShenzhou15spaceship.Weighingnearly100tons,itisoneofthelargestspacebasedstructuresmankindhaseverbuiltinouterspace.Maybeitwillbeopentoforeignastronautsinthenearfuture,accordingtotheCMSA．China’sspacestationisalwaysworth(值得)lookingforwardto.Keepupthegoodwork.34．TheShenzhou15crewwillstay________insidetheTiangongspacestation.A．threemonths B．sixmonths C．ninemonths D．twelvemonths35．TheShenzhou15crewwillfinishthefollowingtasksEXCEPT(除了)________.A．takingseveralspacewalks B．doingscientificexperimentsC．testingsomeequipmentsofthespacestation D．openingthespacestationtoforeignastronauts36．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A．TheTiangongspacestationwillturnmuchlargerinsize.B．TheTiangongspacestationwillwelemoreforeignastronauts.C．Chinesepeoplewillleavemoreandmorefootstepsinouterspace.D．ChinesepeoplewillfinishthebuildingoftheTiangongspacestation.37．Thepassageismainlyaboutthe________oftheShenzhou15spaceship.A．mission B．a(chǎn)rrival C．launch D．future【答案】34．B35．D36．A37．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了2022年11月29日晚，神舟十五號(hào)載人飛船在中國(guó)西北部的酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成功發(fā)射。飛船搭載了三名宇航員（費(fèi)俊龍、鄧清明和張陸）執(zhí)行神舟十五號(hào)航天任務(wù)。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheShenzhou15crewedspaceshipwaslaunched(發(fā)射)successfullyfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinNorthwestChinaontheeveningofNovember29,2022.”和第四段末尾“TheyaregoingtoreturntotheEarthinMay,2023.”可知，神舟十五號(hào)于2022年11月29日發(fā)射并于2023年5月返回地球，推算出神舟十五號(hào)機(jī)組人員將留在天宮空間站六個(gè)月，故選B。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theirmaintasksincludeunlocking,installingandtesting15scientificequipment(設(shè)備)doingmorethan40scientificexperiments(實(shí)驗(yàn))andsoon.”可知他們的主要任務(wù)包括解鎖、安裝和測(cè)試15臺(tái)科學(xué)設(shè)備，進(jìn)行40多項(xiàng)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)等，不包括“向外國(guó)宇航員開(kāi)放空間站”，故選D。36．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“TheTiangongspacestationturnedintoitslargestsizeafterthearrivaloftheShenzhou15spaceship.”和“China’sspacestationisalwaysworth(值得)lookingforwardto.”可知神舟十五號(hào)飛船抵達(dá)后，天宮空間站變?yōu)樽畲蟮目臻g站并且一直在發(fā)展，因此中國(guó)的空間站是永遠(yuǎn)值得期待的，故可以推出帶下劃線的句子的意思是：天宮空間站將變得更大，故選A。37．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，這篇文章主要講述關(guān)于神舟十五號(hào)飛船的任務(wù)，故選A。CCharlesDarwinEarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadamonancestor(祖先).DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn’twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(進(jìn)化論),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However,whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin’stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruary,thedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.38．WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A．Hedidn’tlikeseeingblood. B．Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.C．Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily. D．Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.39．WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A．Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B．Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfuture.C．Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D．Itgothimtopletehismostfamousbookontheship.40．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin’slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→d C．e→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b41．Whydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?A．TointroduceDarwin’sfamousbook.B．TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C．ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin’sideas.D．ToshowDarwin’sinfluenceonnaturalscience.【答案】38．A39．C40．B41．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述達(dá)爾文早期的學(xué)習(xí)和旅行經(jīng)歷，講述達(dá)爾文研究自然世界，并完成《物種起源》的經(jīng)歷。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor”可知，達(dá)爾文討厭看到血，所以放棄了學(xué)醫(yī)。故選A。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadamonancestor”可知，達(dá)爾文在“小獵戶號(hào)”船上的旅行，讓他開(kāi)始創(chuàng)造他有名的理論，他認(rèn)為所有的生物都有一個(gè)共同的祖先。故選C。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“hehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals”可知，他對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)自然世界感興趣。根據(jù)“oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature”可知，他得到幫助可以去環(huán)球航行。根據(jù)“hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited”可知，他在島上研究植物和動(dòng)物。根據(jù)“WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain”可知，他回到英國(guó)。根據(jù)“hewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans”可知，他認(rèn)為大眾不會(huì)支持他的想法。根據(jù)“Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies”可知，他出版了他的書(shū)《物種起源》。正確的順序是c→e→f→a→b→d。故選B。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld”可知，達(dá)爾文日是為了鼓勵(lì)更多的人研究自然科學(xué)?？赏茢嘧詈笠欢问菫榱苏故具_(dá)爾文在自然科學(xué)上的影響。故選D。DTheInternet,mobilephonesandiPadsarepartofourlivesnow.Technologyisgreatlyaffectingallwaysofourlives,fromthewaysweworktothewaysweplay.Anditevencausesafewsocialproblemssuchascloninghumans.Wehavehadlotsoftechnologyandithaschangedourlivesalot.Thereisnodoubtthathumanswillcontinuetousemoreandmoretechnology.Herearesomeexamplesofmoderntechnologythatwillchangeourideasandwillaffectourlivesgreatly.Globalpositioningsystem(GPS)(全球定位系統(tǒng))It’sasystemthatusesradiosignalsfromsatellitestoshowexact(精確的)information.Ittellsyouwheretheuserisontheearthinallweatherconditions.It’smadeupofthreeparts:satellites,controlequipment(設(shè)備)onlandandreceivers.SpaceTechnologyRussianandAmericanscientistshaveworkedtogetherfortheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)foralongtime.TheyhopetheISSwillprovidealonglastinglab.Suchalabwillbringhumansmanyadvantages.It’sevenhopedthatonedayspacetechnologywilltakehumanstotheirnewhousesinspace.UnderwaterRobotHerculesisakindofunderwaterrobotwithsomehightechnologyequipments.Itwillbeusedtolookforancientshipswhichweredestroyedintothedeepseaduringtheirjourneylongago.Theworldischangingsoquicklythatit’shardforustocatchupwithallthenewinventionsbecausetheyseemtoeouteverymonth.It’simportantforustolearnaboutnewtechnologyandtherolethatitplaysinourlives.Soweshouldbewillingtoacceptmoderntechnology,orwewillfallbehindthetimes.42．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttechnology?A．TheInternetandGPS. B．MobilephonesandiPads.C．SpacetechnologyandunderwaterRobot. D．CloningsheepandAIassistant.43．WhatcanwelearnaboutGPSfromthepassage?A．Itusesradiosignalsfromstarstoshowinformation. B．IttellsyouwheretheuserisontheEarthexactly.C．Itcausesafewsocialproblems. D．It’smadeupoffourparts.44．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthepassage?A．Bytellingstories. B．Bylistingnumbers. C．Bygivingexamples. D．Byparingfacts.45．Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph5refersto“________”.A．Hercules B．Technology C．Equipment D．Ship【答案】42．D43．B44．C45．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要是介紹了幾個(gè)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的產(chǎn)物，它們會(huì)改變我們的觀念并極大地影響我們的生活。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheInternet,mobilephonesandiPadsarepartofourlivesnow.Technologyisgreatlyaffectingallwaysofourlives,fromthewaysweworktothewaysweplay.Anditevencausesafewsocialproblemssuchascloninghumans.”及整個(gè)文章的理解可知，文中沒(méi)有提到克隆羊和人工智能助手，故選D。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It’sasystemthatusesradiosignalsfromsatellitestoshowexactinformation.Ittellsyouwheretheuserisontheearthinallweatherconditions.It’smadeupofthreeparts:satellites,controlequipmentonlandandreceivers.”可知，它會(huì)告訴你用戶在地球上的確切位置。故選B。44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Technologyisgreatlyaffectingallwaysofourlives,fromthewaysweworktothewaysweplay.Anditevencausesafewsocialproblemssuchascloninghumans.”以及下文列舉的幾個(gè)例子可知，文章是通過(guò)舉例子展開(kāi)文章的，故選C。45．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Herculesisakindofunderwaterrobotwithsomehightechnologyequipments.Itwillbeusedtolookforancientshipswhichweredestroyedintothedeepseaduringtheirjourneylongago.”可知Hercules是一種具有高科技裝備的水下機(jī)器人。它將被用來(lái)尋找在很久以前的航行中被毀在深海中的古代船只，所以此處的“it”指代的是“Hercules”，故選A。第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題共60分)四、詞匯(本題共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)A.請(qǐng)根據(jù)括號(hào)中的中文提示、英文釋義或句意,寫(xiě)出句中所缺單詞,使句子通順。46．Wewilltakea(withoutstopduringatrip)flighttoNewYorkthisweekend.【答案】direct【詳解】句意：這個(gè)周末我們將乘直達(dá)航班去紐約。withoutstopduringatrip“在旅行中不停下”，可以表達(dá)為direct“直達(dá)的”，形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞flight。故填direct。47．Shepracticedharddayafterday.Finally,shewonthegamewithalmost(thebest)performance.【答案】perfect【詳解】句意：她日復(fù)一日地苦練。最后，她以近乎完美的表現(xiàn)贏得了比賽。根據(jù)“thebest”可知，空格處表示表現(xiàn)完美，perfect“完美的”，作定語(yǔ)。故填perfect。48．JimmywenttoShanghaiDisneylandlastweekendandhewantsto(描述)whathesawtohisclassmates.【答案】describe【詳解】句意：吉米上周末去了上海迪斯尼樂(lè)園，他想向同學(xué)們描述他所看到的。describe“描述”，wanttodosth“想要做某事”。故填describe。49．The(溫度)ofthewaterisjustrightforswimming.【答案】temperature【詳解】句意：水溫正好適合游泳?！皽囟取笔敲~temperature，而句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式，所以主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為單數(shù)，故填temperature。50．Alifewithoutadreamislikeabirdwithout.Trytomakeourdreamsetrue.【答案】wings【詳解】句意：沒(méi)有夢(mèng)想的人生就像沒(méi)有翅膀的鳥(niǎo)。努力讓我們的夢(mèng)想成真。分析句子，可知“abirdwithout…”（沒(méi)有……的鳥(niǎo)）與“Alifewithoutadream”（沒(méi)有夢(mèng)想的人生）相對(duì)應(yīng)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，可知空處指“翅膀”，wings“翅膀（復(fù)數(shù)）”。故填wings。B.從方框內(nèi)選擇合適的單詞,并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。（每詞限用一次）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)句意從方框中選擇合適的單詞，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文通順。four

sleep

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year

happyAfewyearsago,myfatherboughtaparrot.Ithasblackfeathersandcanlearnsayanywordsitistaught.Everymorning,itgreetsmyparentswarmly.Thisbringsthegreat51tomyparents.Myparentsliveinthecountryside.Theyhavethreesons—mytwobrothersandme.However,allofusareindifferentcities.Formyparents,thehappiesttimeoftheyearisthe52gatheringattheSpringFestival.Formostoftheyear,myparentsonlyspeaktoeachother,theyfeelabitlonelysometimes.Withtheparrotathome,theyfeelmuch53.Theparrotisliketheir54son.Itusuallystaysinacage,sometimesmyparentsletitflyoutofthecage,butitalwaysreturnstothecage.Inthedaytime,ittalksalotandtalksloudly.Butatnightwhenmyparentsfall55,italwayskeepsquiet.【答案】51．happiness52．yearly53．better54．fourth55．a(chǎn)sleep【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹鸚鵡給父母帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)。51．句意：這給我的父母帶來(lái)很大的快樂(lè)。great形容詞，修飾名詞，根據(jù)“Everymorning,itgreetsmyparentswarmly.”可知鸚鵡熱情打招呼，會(huì)讓人感覺(jué)幸?？鞓?lè)，happiness表示“快樂(lè)”。故填happiness。52．句意：對(duì)我父母來(lái)說(shuō)，一年中最快樂(lè)的時(shí)光就是每年的春節(jié)團(tuán)聚。根據(jù)“gatheringattheSpringFestival.”和所給詞可知，春節(jié)一年一次，yearly表示“每年的”，形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填yearly。53．句意：有鸚鵡在家，他們會(huì)感覺(jué)更好。feel后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，much后接形容詞比較級(jí)，better表示“更好”。故填better。54．句意：鸚鵡就像他們第四個(gè)兒子。根據(jù)“Theyhavethreesons—mytwobrothersandme.”和所給詞可知，鸚鵡是第四個(gè)兒子，fourth表示“第四”，序數(shù)詞。故填fourth。55．句意：但是晚上當(dāng)我父母睡著了時(shí)，它總是保持安靜。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)fallasleep表示“睡著”。故填asleep。請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)句意從方框中選擇合適的動(dòng)詞，并用其適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)填空，使短文通順。be

move

wake

nottell

giveSamandJasonarebestfriends.Oneday,theyhadanaccidentontheirwayhome.Thenextmorning,Sam56upblindandJasonwasstillunconscious(不省人事).Dr.Berkeleyasked,“Howareyoufeelingtoday,Sam?”Samsmiledandsaid,“Ifeelwonderfulnow,Doctor.Thankyouforallthatyouhavedoneforme.”Dr.BerkeleylookedatSam’seyeswithsadness.Thenhesaid,“Youareabraveandkindman,Sam.AndyouaretherealfriendofJason.”WhileDr.Berkeley57out,Samcalledhimsuddenly.Hesaid,“Ihopeyou58Jasonanything.”Dr.Berkeleyagreed.MonthslaterJasonbecamemuchhealthierbuthedidn’tlikestayingintouchwithSam.Hefeltboredtospendtimewithablindperson.Samwaslonelybecausehedidn’thaveanyotherfriends.Thingswentfrombadtoworse.AndonedaySamdied.Dr.BerkeleygavealettertoJasonandsaid,“Thisisforyou.Samhadaskedme59ittoyouwhenhewasgone.”IntheletterSamsaid,“DearJason,Ihavekeptmypromiseintheendtolendyoumyeyesifsomethingbadhadhappenedtoyoureyes.Nowthere60nothingmorethatIcandoforyou.Youwillalwaysbemybestfriend.I’mhappyyoucanseetheworldthroughmyeyes...”【答案】56．woke57．wasmoving58．won’ttell59．togive60．is【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了一對(duì)朋友在車(chē)禍中受傷，殘疾的Sam把自己的眼睛給了Jason。但是后來(lái)Jason因?yàn)镾am的殘疾而疏遠(yuǎn)了他。56．句意：第二天早上，Sam醒來(lái)時(shí)眼睛是瞎的，而Jason仍然沒(méi)有意識(shí)。根據(jù)“Sam...upblind”及備選詞可知，此處是指早上醒來(lái)，wakeup表示“醒來(lái)”；根據(jù)“Jasonwasstillunconscious”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去式woke。故填woke。57．句意：當(dāng)Berkeley醫(yī)生正要出去時(shí)，Sam突然叫住他。根據(jù)“WhileDr.Berkeley...out”及備選詞可知，此處是指醫(yī)生要離開(kāi)房間，moveout表示“搬出，離開(kāi)”；while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/weredoing”，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was，move現(xiàn)在分詞為moving。故填wasmoving。58．句意：我希望你不要告訴Jason任何事。根據(jù)“Ihopeyou...Jasonanything.”可知，此處是指不要告訴Jason，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的否定形式，結(jié)合備選詞可知，won’ttell符合語(yǔ)境。故填won’ttell。59．句意：Sam讓我在他走后把它交給你。根據(jù)上文“Dr.BerkeleygavealettertoJason”及“...ittoyou”可知，此處是指把信給Jason，givesth.tosb.“把某物給某人”；asksb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”，應(yīng)用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填togive。60．句意：現(xiàn)在我不能再為你做什么了。此句為therebe句型，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是nothing，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)is。故填is。五、短文填空(本題共10小題；每小題1分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文上下文和首字母提示寫(xiě)出所缺的單詞，使短文內(nèi)容完整、連貫。Youmaythinkyouarereallygooda61usingtheEnglishlanguage.Thismaybeso,butyoustilln62topractise.Touseanylanguagew63,youhavetopractiselistening,speaking,readingandw