廣東省深圳市普通高中2025屆高三英語第二次線上統(tǒng)一測試試題含解析

PAGE24-廣東省深圳市一般中學(xué)2025屆高三英語其次次線上統(tǒng)一測試試題（含解析）試卷共8頁，卷面滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。留意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類型A后的方框涂黑。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆干脆答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFoodsoftheFutureWeaskedyoungscientiststowriteanadvertisementthatanswersthisquestion:Howwillfoodoptions,foodavailability,andindividuals’foodchoiceschangeinthefuture?Aselectionoftheirsuggestedmarketingcampaignsisbelow.ReadpreviousNextGenVoicessurveyresultsat:///collection/nextgen-voices.—JenniferSillsPersonalizedMealPlansSendusyourDNA,andwewillpredictyourfoodpreferences!Receiveyourpersonalizedfoodbasket,withaday-by-daydietprogram.Wewillsendyoufullmealsandpersonalizedsmoothies(水果奶昔)basedonyourgenetictastetendency.AdaGabrielaBlidnerTwitter:adagbbFreshFruitIfyoumisssweettemperatefruits,welcometoourMoonFarm.Ourfruittreesareplantedinhybrid-soilandartificialairthatreproduceEarth’senvironmentfrom5000yearsago.PickfruitswithyourfamilyorshiptoyourdoorstepwithMoonEx.Freshnessguaranteed.YongshengJiEmail:jiyongshengkeyhotmailMeatOursteaksaresourcedfromnaturalgrasslands,wherecattlenowfilltheecologicalroles.WithFoodFootprintfeedingsystem,weenhancenaturalgrazing(放牧)toimproveanimalgrowtheffectivelywhileminimizingmethaneproductionandwaterconsumption.Atonly$219.00/kg(includingcarbontaxesandecologicaltaxes),oursteaksareaffordableforthewholefamily.FalkoBuschkeEmail:falko.buschkegmail.com1.Whichofthefollowingneedsyoutoprovidetheinformationofyourgenes?A.Meat. B.FreshFruit.C.NextGenVoices. D.PersonalizedMealPlans.2.Whoshouldyoucontactifyouwanttohavefunwithyourfamily?A.JenniferSills. B.YongshengJi.C.FalkoBuschke. D.AdaGabrielaBlidner.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesteaksinMeat?A.Fresh. B.Green.C.Expensive. D.Personalized.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章供應(yīng)了將來食物選擇的幾個(gè)營銷活動，以供人們做出選擇。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)PersonalizedMealPlans中的“SendusyourDNA,andwewillpredictyourfoodpreferences!”可知，這個(gè)營銷活動須要你發(fā)送自己的DNA，然后其依據(jù)DNA信息將預(yù)料出你的食物偏好。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“PickfruitswithyourfamilyYongshengJi”可知，你可以與家人一起享受采摘水果的歡樂。該營銷活動供應(yīng)的聯(lián)系人是YongshengJi。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Oursteaksaresourcedfromnaturalgrasslands,wherecattlenowfilltheecologicalroles.”可知，這個(gè)營銷活動的牛排來自自然草原，那里的牛吃著原生態(tài)的草。由此可知，在自然草原長大的牛吃的是沒有污染的草，因此牛排是綠色無污染的。故選B。BAmandaSeyfrieddidn’tgrowupwithdogs.Withherbusyworkschedule,shedidn’tthinkshecouldtakecareofadog.Infact,shewasn’tlookingforafurryfriendatall.ButthenshemetFinn.Today,the34-year-oldactress,who’sknownforfilmsMammaMia,isadogownerandaspokeswomanatthewelfareorganizationBestFriendsAnimalSociety.“Ican’timaginemylifewithouthim,”Seyfriedsaysof6.5-year-oldAustralianshepherdFinn,whoisallowedonherU.S.set.Ifforsomereasonhecan’tjoinSeyfriedonlocationlikeonarecenttripwhenshetraveledfromFrancetoChina,Seyfriedrequestsfromherdogsittertwice—dailyvideosofhim.NowwithanewvideoforBestFriendsAnimalSociety,shecallsherselfFinn’s“stagemother.”SeyfriedandFinnshotan80s-themedvideoforthe9000StepsChallenge,whichasksanimalownerstowalk9,000stepswiththeirpetsontheninthdayofthemonthtoraiseawarenesstothefactthatmorethan9,000dogsandcatsareeuthanized(安樂死)inshelterseachdaybecausethere’snotenoughroom.Asforthevideoshoot,inwhichSeyfriedandFinnwalkedthe9,000stepsitwasmoreexhaustingthanalongwalk.SeyfriedwasFinn’strainerontheshoot.ShebelievesthatinsteadofbeingFinn’scp-star,she’llgobacktobeingBFFs.4.WhydidSeyfriedoriginallyrefuseapetdog?A.Shewasn’tnotyetaspokeswoman.BShewasn’tusedtobeingwithadog.C.Shewastoobusytocareforadog.D.Shehadnotenoughroomforadog.5.Whodoestheunderlinedword“him”inparagraph3referto?A.Finn. B.Seyfried.C.Thedogsitter. D.Finn’sbestfriend.6.WhydidSeyfriedshootthevideotogetherwithFinn?A.ToshowhowdeepshelovesFinn.B.TotrainFinntohavealongwalk.C.Totakepartinananimalcp-starshow.D.Tocallonpublicattentiontopets’life.7.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.News B.LifeC.Education D.Sports【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章講解并描述了AmandaSeyfried在與她的牧羊犬Finn的共同生活中培育了深厚的感情，Seyfried和Finn拍攝了一個(gè)視頻，以引起人們對寵物的關(guān)注?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Withherbusyworkschedule,shedidn’tthinkshecouldtakecareofadog.”可知，AmandaSeyfried認(rèn)為自己工作繁忙，無法照看狗。即AmandaSeyfried最初拒絕養(yǎng)寵物狗的緣由是她太忙了，無法照看狗。故選C。【5題詳解】指代揣測題。依據(jù)第三段“Ican’timaginemylifewithouthim,”Seyfriedsaysof6.5-year-oldAustralianshepherdFinn,whoisallowedonherU.S.set.Ifforsomereasonhecan’tjoinSeyfriedonlocationlikeonarecenttripwhenshetraveledfromFrancetoChina,”可知，提到6.5歲的澳大利亞牧羊犬Finn.Seyfried說：“沒有他，我無法想象我的生活。Seyfried在不能帶著Finn出門旅行時(shí)，Seyfried每天要與Finn進(jìn)行兩次視頻。因此劃線詞him指的是牧羊犬Finn。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“SeyfriedandFinnshotan80s-themedvideo,whichasksanimalownerstowalk9,000stepswiththeirpetsontheninthdayofthemonthtoraiseawarenesstothefactthatmorethan9,000dogsandcatsareeuthanized(安樂死)inshelterseachdaybecausethere’snotenoughroom.”可知，因?yàn)闆]有足夠的空間，所以每天有9000多只貓和狗在動物收容所中被執(zhí)行安樂死。Seyfried和Finn拍攝了一個(gè)視頻，該視頻要求動物主子在每月的第九天與寵物一起走9000步，以提高人們對寵物安樂死的相識，從而引起人們對寵物的關(guān)注。故選D。【7題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講解并描述了AmandaSeyfried在與她澳大利亞牧羊犬Finn的共同生活中培育了深厚的感情，Seyfried和Finn拍攝了一個(gè)視頻，該視頻要求動物主子在每月的第九天與寵物一起走9000步，以提高人們對寵物安樂死的相識，從而引起人們對寵物的關(guān)注。文章的題材是有關(guān)于日常生活的，因此文章最有可能來自報(bào)紙的生活欄目。故選B。CPinocchiomaybejustachildren’sfairytale,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthisso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit.Dr.GómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermography（體溫計(jì)）totellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureofthetipoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃,whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Scientistalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittoslightlyshrink,althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichrisesthetemperatureoftheforehead,”Dr.GómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy,researchersaskedanumberof60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhiletheirtemperatureisscannedbytechnology.Oneofthesetasksrequiredmakinga3to4minutescalltotheirparentsorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall.Interestingly,thisliedetectorpickedupthe“Pinocchioeffect”temperaturedifferencein80percentofthetestsubjects,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.“Withthismethodwehaveachievedtoincreaseaccuracy”,saidDr.GómezMilán,whoaddedthatlawenforcementinterviewerscouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.8.WhydoesthewritertalkaboutPinocchiointhefirstparagraph?A.Totellafairytale. B.Togiveanexample.C.Totalkaboutascientist. D.Tointroducethetopic.9.Whatis“Pinocchioeffect”?A.Ournoseswillgrowwhenwetellalie.B.Ournoseswillshrinkwhenwetellalie.C.Thetemperatureoftheforeheadfallsifwelie.D.Thetemperatureofthestudentrisesforanxiety.10.HowdidDr.GómezMilánfeelabouttheliedetector?A.Doubtful. B.Surprised.C.Confident. D.Puzzled.11.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A.Aliewilltravelveryhard. B.Manywaystobringaliartolight.C.Alieneverlivestobeold. D.Oncealiaralwaysaliar.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【解析】本文是說明文。文章通過提到“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”引入話題介紹了一種紅外熱像測謊儀，這種儀器現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是世界上最可信的測謊儀。【8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Pinocchiomaybejustachildren’sfairytale,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthisso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit.”可知，《匹諾曹》或許只是一個(gè)講給孩子聽的童話，不過，西班牙格拉納達(dá)高校的科學(xué)家最近探討了所謂的“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”，結(jié)果發(fā)覺，我們在說謊時(shí)鼻子不會變大，而是會縮小一點(diǎn)。由此推斷出作者在第一段中談到“匹諾曹”的目的是引入“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”的探討話題。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“SpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthisso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit.”可知，西班牙科學(xué)家最近對這種所謂的“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”進(jìn)行了探討，發(fā)覺我們在說謊時(shí)鼻子不會變大，而是會縮小一點(diǎn)。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判段題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Interestingly,thisliedetectorpickedupthe“Pinocchioeffect”temperaturedifferencein80percentofthetestsubjects,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.”和最終一段中的““Withthismethodwehaveachievedtoincreaseaccuracy”,saidDr.GómezMilán,”可知，好玩的是，該測謊儀在80％的測試對象中發(fā)覺了“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”溫差，與任何現(xiàn)代測謊儀相比，其勝利率更高。Dr.GómezMilá說：“通過這種方法，我們已經(jīng)達(dá)到了提高精確性的目的?！庇纱送茢喑觯珿ómezMilá博士對測謊儀的作用很有信念。故選C。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“saidDr.GómezMilán,whoaddedthatlawenforcementinterviewerscouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.”可知，Dr.GómezMilán補(bǔ)充說，執(zhí)法人員可能有一天可以將其他測謊技術(shù)與熱成像技術(shù)相結(jié)合，以獲得更好的結(jié)果。因此可推知，揭露謊言的方法有許多。故選B。DEastAfricaisexperiencingtheworstdesertlocustoutbreakindecades.Climateeventshaveacceleratedbreedingofthepestacrosstheregion,andwithasuddenriseinthelocustpopulationexpectedincomingweeks,urgentactionsandfundsareneededtopreventahumancrisis.TwentymillionpeopleinsixoftheeightEastAfricancountriesaremostaffectedbyanongoingdesertlocustoutbreakatriskofseriousfoodinsecurity.Consideredamongthemostdestructiveofmovingpests,anadultlocustcanconsume2gofplantsperday,affectingcropsandgrasslands.Agrouptypicallyholds20to150millionlocustspersquarekilometerandcanmovehundredsofkilometersperday,invadingareascoveringmillionsofsquarekilometers.Anactivegroup,therefore,candestroycropsandgrasslandswithinaveryshortperiodoftime.Thatglobalwarmingcouldincreasetheriskofdesertlocustcrisiswasproposedovertenyearsago,andinFebruary,theUNSecretary-GeneralAntónioGuterresstatedthatthecurrentoutbreakislinkedtotheeffectsofclimatechange:“warmerseasmeanmoreperfectbreedinggroundforlocusts”.Theoutbreakhasitsoriginsin2024,whenaseriesofwindstormsintheArabianPeninsula(阿拉伯半島)enabledthewarmandwetconditionsthedesertlocustrequirestobreedandbandundetectedinremoteregions.Thoughourfocushereismigrationwest,dreadfuloutbreaksofthedesertlocusthavebeenexperiencedtotheeast.Thesituationisgoingoutofcontrol.Arescueoperationandfinancialsupportadmitnodelay.TheFoodandAgriculturalOrganization(FAO)cantakeoutonlyUS$138millionforrapidresponseandimmediateaction—controllingthespreadofthedesertlocustandsafeguardinglivelihoods.Theysaythemathsisclear:abouthalfthefunding(資助)isneededforsupervision,groundandskycontrol,andunitingefforts;theotherhalfisneededforlivelihoodsandfoodsecurityoffarmers.Asforthehugegap,theyhavecalledontheinternationalcommunitytoactnowthroughfunding.However,bytheendofFebruary,justUS$69millionhadbeenpromised.ThismostalarmingcrisishasdevelopedandisworseninginEastAfrica.Thefundsneededtocontrolthesituationbecomeverydifficulttoachieveandthegapisabigconcern.12.WhydoesthecrisishappeninEastAfrica?A.Thereisabigpopulationthere.B.Therearelargedesertsandgrasslands.C.AfricalieswestofArabianPeninsula.D.Goodclimateforbreedingplaysarole.13.WhydoesthewriterlistthosefiguresinPara2?A.Towarnoftheterribledamagebylocusts.B.Tohelpusunderstandhowlocustslive.C.Toshowhowmanylocuststherearenow.D.TodrawapictureofthepresentAfrica.14.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thecrisisisnotnoticeduntilrecently.B.Morefundisneededtopreventthecrisis.C.Thecrisishasbeenthefocusoftheworld.D.LocustsareallfromtheArabianPeninsula.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.KillinglocustsbeforetoolateB.GlobalwarmingaworldproblemC.FundingGapforLocustCrisisD.Africa,acrisis-strickenplace【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講解并描述了東非發(fā)生了嚴(yán)峻的沙漠蝗蟲災(zāi)難，預(yù)料在將來幾周內(nèi)蝗蟲數(shù)量會急劇增加。糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織呼吁國際社會馬上籌集資金實(shí)行行動限制沙漠蝗蟲災(zāi)難。【12題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“EastAfricaisexperiencingtheworstdesertlocustoutbreakindecades.Climateeventshaveacceleratedbreedingofthepestacrosstheregion”可知，東非正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)幾十年來最嚴(yán)峻的沙漠蝗蟲災(zāi)難，氣候活動加速了該地區(qū)害蟲的繁殖。即蝗蟲危機(jī)在東非發(fā)生的緣由是氣候條件有利于蝗蟲的繁殖。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“TwentymillionpeopleinsixoftheeightEastAfricancountriesaremostaffectedbyanongoingdesertlocustoutbreakatriskofseriousfoodinsecurity.Consideredamongthemostdestructiveofmovingpests,anadultlocustcanconsume2gofplantsperday,affectingcropsandgrasslands.Agrouptypicallyholds20to150millionlocustspersquarekilometerandcanmovehundredsofkilometersperday,invadingareascoveringmillionsofsquarekilometers.Anactivegroup,therefore,candestroycropsandgrasslandswithinaveryshortperiodoftime.”可知，八個(gè)東非國家中有六個(gè)國家的2,000萬人受持續(xù)不斷的沙漠蝗蟲的影響最大，面臨嚴(yán)峻的糧食擔(dān)心全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?；认x被認(rèn)為是最具破壞力的害蟲之一，一只成年蝗蟲每天可以吃掉2克植物，從而影響農(nóng)作物和草原。通常每平方公里的一個(gè)蝗蟲群會有2000萬至1.5億只蝗蟲，它們每天可以移動數(shù)百公里，入侵面積達(dá)數(shù)百萬平方公里的地區(qū)。因此，移動中的蝗蟲群可以在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)破壞農(nóng)作物和草原。因此推斷出作者在第2段中列出這些數(shù)字是為了警告人們蝗蟲會造成嚴(yán)峻的損失及破壞。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Asforthehugegap,theyhavecalledontheinternationalcommunitytoactnowthroughfunding.However,bytheendofFebruary,justUS$69millionhadbeenpromised.”可知，關(guān)于資金的嚴(yán)峻不足，糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織呼吁國際社會馬上籌款。然而，到2月底，僅籌措到6900萬美元。因此我們可以推斷出須要更多資金來預(yù)防危機(jī)。故選B。【15題詳解】標(biāo)題推斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講解并描述了東非發(fā)生了嚴(yán)峻的沙漠蝗蟲災(zāi)難，預(yù)料在將來幾周內(nèi)蝗蟲數(shù)量會急劇增加。糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織呼吁國際社會馬上籌集資金實(shí)行行動限制沙漠蝗蟲災(zāi)難。目前限制局勢所需的資金變得特別難以實(shí)現(xiàn)，缺口是一個(gè)大問題。因此文章的最佳標(biāo)題是C項(xiàng)（蝗災(zāi)危機(jī)的資金缺口）。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youknowthateatinghealthy,stayingactive,andsolvingafewbraingamescanhelpkeepyourmemory.Butthefollowinglesser-knownhabitsworkwonderstoo.1.___16___Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward,thisdefeatedpositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed—whichmakesithardertothinkclearlyandrememberthings.Conversely(反過來),straightuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesmemorybecauseitboostsbloodandoxygenflowtothebrain.2.Exercise—OnceHavingtroublerememberingfaces?___17___Inastudy,picturesoffaceswereshowntoolderfolksaftertheypedalastationary(靜止的)bikeatanintensepaceorsimplysitonaself-pedalingbike.Onaverage,peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise.What’smore,thememorygainsafterasingleworkoutweresimilartothegainsafter3monthsofregularexercise.3.LimitTVEveryparentandgrandparenthasheardthattoomuchscreentimecanhurtachild’scognitivedevelopment.___18___Accordingtoastudy,people(aged50orolder)whowatchedmorethan3.5hoursofTVadayfor6yearsexperiencedagreaterdropinverbalmemorytestscoresthanthosewhowatchedless.4.DrawaimlesslyAresearchshowsthosewhodrewthewordsrememberedthemostwhenrecallingwords.That’sbecausewhilesomepartsofthebrainaboutgettingmemorybackbecomeworseaspeoplegrowolder,thepictureprocessingregionsusuallydon’t.___19___5.WalkBackward___20___Walkback!Backwardmotion—whetherreal,imagined,orwatched—helpspeopleremembertheinformationbetterthansittingstilland,inmostcases,betterthanforwardmotion.Itmaybethatmovingbackwardinspacementallyhelpsusmovebackintimetothemomentwelearnedsomething.A.SitTall.B.StandStraight.C.Startmoreworkouts.D.Sweatforphysicaltraining.E.Thussketchingcanhelpadultskeeptheirmemorysharp.F.Butwhataboutthoseattheotherendoftheirlifespan?G.Nexttimeyou’retryingtorecallsomething,don’tjustthinkback.【答案】16.A17.D18.F19.E20.G【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章講解并描述了保持大腦記憶功能的一些方法。【16題詳解】考查段落標(biāo)題。依據(jù)段落內(nèi)容“當(dāng)我們向前彎曲坐著時(shí)，這種姿態(tài)事實(shí)上會使我們感到焦慮或懊喪，這使得清楚思索和記住事情變得更加困難。相反，坐正的姿態(tài)明顯可以改善記憶力，因?yàn)樗梢源龠M(jìn)血液和氧氣流向大腦”。可知，A項(xiàng)（坐正。）能夠概括本段內(nèi)容。該選項(xiàng)中的sit一詞在其次段中出現(xiàn)了，該段中的straightupright指的是坐姿要“端正”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查段中句。依據(jù)空前“Havingtroublerememberingfaces?（難以記住面孔嗎？）”和空后“Inastudy,picturesoffaceswereshowntoolderfolksaftertheypedalastationary(靜止的)bikeatanintensepaceorsimplysitonaself-pedalingbike.Onaverage,peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise.What’smore,thememorygainsafterasingleworkoutweresimilartothegainsafter3monthsofregularexercise.（在一項(xiàng)探討中，人臉的照片展示給以猛烈的速度踩踏靜止的自行車或只是坐在自動踏板自行車上運(yùn)動之后的老年人。一般來講，猛烈運(yùn)動后人們對面部的記憶更好。而且，一次猛烈熬煉后對保持記憶力的好處與定期熬煉三個(gè)月后的效果是相像的。）”可知，D項(xiàng)（在進(jìn)行體育熬煉時(shí)要出汗。）能夠承接上文并且與下文連接通順。該選項(xiàng)是對前面問題的回答，通過熬煉可以使保持記憶力，空格后是在講一個(gè)詳細(xì)的熬煉方法及它所帶來的好處，D項(xiàng)的physicaltraining與本段的regularexercise是相關(guān)表達(dá)。故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】考查段中句。依據(jù)空前“Everyparentandgrandparenthasheardthattoomuchscreentimecanhurtachild’scognitivedevelopment.（每個(gè)家長和祖父母都聽說過對著熒幕時(shí)間過久會損害孩子的認(rèn)知發(fā)展。）”和空后“Accordingtoastudy,people(aged50orolder)whowatchedmorethan3.5hoursofTVadayfor6yearsexperiencedagreaterdropinverbalmemorytestscoresthanthosewhowatchedless.（依據(jù)一項(xiàng)探討，年齡在50歲以上的人每天觀看電視超過3.5個(gè)小時(shí)，如持續(xù)6年，其語言記憶力測試成果的下降幅度要比收看較少的人更高。）”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（那年齡較大的人呢？）能夠承接上文并且與下文連接通順。該選項(xiàng)中的“thoseattheotherendoftheirlifespan”指的是空格后的people(aged50orolder)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查段尾句。依據(jù)空前“Aresearchshowsthosewhodrewthewordsrememberedthemostwhenrecallingwords.That’sbecausewhilesomepartsofthebrainaboutgettingmemorybackbecomeworseaspeoplegrowolder,thepictureprocessingregionsusuallydon’t.（一項(xiàng)探討表明，那些畫字詞的人對單詞的記憶最深。那是因?yàn)殡S著人們年紀(jì)變大，大腦的某些部位的記憶功能變得更糟，而負(fù)責(zé)圖片處理的大腦區(qū)域通常不會。）”可知，E項(xiàng)（因此，畫字詞可以幫助成年人保持清楚的記憶。）能夠承接上文。該選項(xiàng)中的sketching與第五段的標(biāo)題draw及該段中的drew是同義詞，即描繪。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查段首句。依據(jù)空后“Walkback!Backwardmotionhelpspeopleremembertheinformationbetterthansittingstilland,inmostcases,betterthanforwardmotion.（向后走！向后運(yùn)動比起靜止不動并且在大多數(shù)狀況下比向前運(yùn)動更能幫助人們記住信息。）”可知，G項(xiàng)（下次您想回憶某件事時(shí)，不要只是通過大腦來回憶。）能夠與下文連接通順。該選項(xiàng)中的back在空格后的句子中出現(xiàn)了。故選G項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】七選五的解題技巧之一是依據(jù)上下文詞匯來鎖定線索。即：要關(guān)注空格處前后的內(nèi)容，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等，看是否有同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，代詞的指代等。在本文中，第1小題：sitstraightupright即sittall；第2小題：D項(xiàng)的physicaltraining與本段的regularexercise是相關(guān)表達(dá)；第3小題：F選項(xiàng)中的“thoseattheotherendoftheirlifespan”指的是空格后的people(aged50orolder)；第4小題：E選項(xiàng)中的sketching與第五段白標(biāo)題draw及該段中的drew是同義詞；第5小題：G選項(xiàng)中的back在空格后的句子walkback中出現(xiàn)了。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastJuly4th,threepoliceofficerswentintoasupermarkettogetsomethingcoldtodrink.Onceinside,thecopswere___21___byastoresecurityguardwhoaskedfor___22___withasuspectedthief.Thewomaninquestiondidn’thavethelookofan___23___criminal.Shewasobviouslyscared,andhercheekswerewetwith___24___.Thecopslooked___25___herbag.“Wejustsawcontainersof___26___.Nothingelse,”MiketoldCBSNewYork.“I’mhungry,”sheexplained___27___.Beingcaught,thewomannodoubtexpectedtobetakentojailforthe___28___ofbeinghungrywhilepoor.___29___thecopshadotherideas.“We’ll___30___forherfood,”Sojotoldthe___31___securityguard.Thethreemenhadnodiscussionatall.Itwent___32___.Instead,eachofthem___33___out10dollarstopaythetab.Shewouldnotbearrestedtoday.Thewomanweptin___34___.Dryinghereyeswithakerchief,she___35___,“Thankyou,thankyou.”Shewasn’ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactof___36___.“Itwasaverybeautiful,___37___moment,”saysPaul,whowasatthestore.Hewasso___38___bywhathe’dseenthathepostedaphotoonTwitterforalltosee.Butattentionwas___39___whattheofficerswanted.Theyweredrivenbyafarmorecommonemotion.AsSojotoldCNN,“Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’spretty___40___asahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis.”21.A.questioned B.examined C.approached D.required22.A.help B.information C.permission D.trouble23.A.unskilled B.experienced C.intelligent D.active24.A.paint B.water C.rain D.tears25.A.outside B.inside C.around D.down26.A.food B.fruit C.drinks D.sweets27.A.anxiously B.shamelessly C.fearfully D.angrily28.A.action B.mistake C.habit D.crime29.A.And B.But C.So D.Still30A.pay B.look C.apologize D.account31.A.annoyed B.excited C.surprised D.confused32.A.unchanged B.uninformed C.unsaid D.uncalled33.A.took B.brought C.worked D.pointed34.A.delight B.sorrow C.regret D.gratitude35.A.recalled B.repeated C.responded D.requested36.A.thinking B.choosing C.sharing D.caring37.A.brave B.genuine C.painful D.terrible38.A.moved B.amazed C.bored D.influenced39.A.sometimes B.finally C.never D.always40.A.simple B.natural C.complex D.difficult【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.C33.A34.D35.B36.D37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】本文是記敘文。文章講解并描述了一名饑餓的女子在超市偷食物被保安發(fā)覺后，保安懇求警察的幫助，但三名警察出于關(guān)懷之意為這名女子支付了食物的錢，在場的人們都很感動的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)屋后，一名商店保安走向警察，保安懇求幫助抓一名盜竊嫌疑犯。A.questioned質(zhì)疑；B.examined檢查；C.approached接近；D.required須要。三名警察走進(jìn)超市后，保安走向警察和他們說小偷的事情，其他三項(xiàng)不合語境。故選C。22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)屋后，一名商店保安走向警察，保安懇求幫助抓一名盜竊嫌疑犯。A.help幫助；B.information信息；C.permission允許；D.trouble麻煩。抓小偷是警察的工作范疇之內(nèi)的，因此選擇help合乎語境。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：被提到的該名女子看上去不像有閱歷的罪犯。A.unskilled不嫻熟的；B.experienced有閱歷的；C.intelligent智能的；D.active活躍的。下一句說到：這名女子明顯很膽怯 。因此這名女子應(yīng)當(dāng)不是有閱歷的盜竊者。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：明顯她很膽怯 ，臉頰上留著淚水。A.paint涂料；B.water水；C.rain雨；D.tears眼淚。因?yàn)檫@名女子特別恐驚，因此被嚇哭了，流出了淚水。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：警察查看她的包里面的東西。A.outside在……外面；B.inside在……里面；C.around在.……四周；D.down向下。為驗(yàn)證女子是否偷了東西，警察須要查看女子的包里有什么。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們只看到了幾包食物。沒有別的東西了。A.food食物；B.fruit水果；C.drinks飲料；D.sweets甜食。由下文女子說她餓了，可知她拿的是食物。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她膽怯 地說明著：“我餓了”。A.anxiously著急地；B.shamelessly無恥地；C.fearfully膽怯 地；D.angrily生氣地。由上文的“Shewasobviouslyscared”可知，女子面對警察是很恐驚的。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，這名女子因?yàn)樨毨ю囸I被發(fā)覺偷東西后等待著被抓入獄。A.action行動；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.crime犯罪。jail是監(jiān)獄，這個(gè)地方關(guān)著“犯罪”的人。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查連詞及副詞詞義辨析。句意：但警察有了其他的想法。A.And和；B.But但是；C.So所以；D.Still仍舊。由第13小題的分析可知，警察不準(zhǔn)備抓捕這名女子。因此設(shè)空處前后的語意是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們來支付她的食物。A.pay支付；B.look看；C.apologize致歉；D.account認(rèn)為，說明。由第13小題的分析可知，警察花錢來為這名女子支付食物的錢。故選A。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Sojo告知這名驚異的保安。A.annoyed懊惱的；B.excited激烈的；C.surprised驚異的；D.confused困惑的。保安懇求警察抓小偷，結(jié)果警察卻為這名女子支付食物的錢，這是保安想象不到的，因此保安會很驚異。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：三個(gè)人沒有說話。A.unchanged不變的；B.uninformed不知情的；C.unsaid未說出的；D.uncalled未叫到的。由前一句話可知，三名警察沒有探討，即他們沒有說話。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人掏出10美元來支付賬單。A.took拿走；B.brought帶來；C.worked工作；D.pointed指向。由下一句可知，這名女子今日不會被逮捕了，因此是三名警察拿出錢支付了女子的食物。takeout：拿出。故選A。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這名女子感謝地哭泣著。A.delight歡樂；B.sorrow悲傷；C.regret懊悔；D.gratitude感謝。由后面的thankyou可知，這名女子很感謝警察的做法。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她用方巾擦干眼睛，始終在說：“感謝，感謝。”A.recalled回憶；B.repeated重復(fù)；C.responded回應(yīng)；D.requested要求。由后面的兩次“thankyou”可知，該女子在重復(fù)說著“感謝”。故選B。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她不是唯一一個(gè)被這一行為所感動的人。A.thinking思索；B.choosing選擇；C.sharing共享；D.caring關(guān)懷，愛心。警察幫助該女子的做法是充溢愛心的行為。故選D。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“那是一個(gè)特別美妙，真實(shí)的時(shí)刻?！盤aul說到。A.brave英勇的；B.genuine真的，可信任的；C.painful苦痛的；D.terrible可怕的。由“whathehadseen”可知，Paul親眼所見了警察幫助這名女子的情景，這是真實(shí)發(fā)生在眼前的一幕。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他被看到的情景打動得如此之深以至于他在Twitter上發(fā)布了一張照片供全部人觀看。A.moved感動的；B.amazed驚異的；C.bored無聊的；D.influenced受影響的。Paul將警察幫助女子的這一幕拍成照片上傳到Twitter，看得出他被這一幕打動了。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是得到關(guān)注并不是這幾名警察想要的。A.sometimes有時(shí)；B.finally最終；C.never決不；D.always總是。由下一句可知，警察們受到了作為人應(yīng)當(dāng)有的憐憫心的驅(qū)使為這位女士支付了買食物的錢。所以得到關(guān)注并不是這幾名警察想要的。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：正如Sojo對CNN所說，“當(dāng)你看著某人的臉，發(fā)覺他們須要你并且他們真的很餓時(shí)，作為一個(gè)人，離開這樣的場景不聞不問真是很難的。A.simple簡潔的；B.natural自然的；C.complex困難的；D.difficult困難的。從警察幫助這名女子可以看出，看到這樣的場景，從人之常情的角度來說，很難不去幫助。故選D。其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whenthewinterapproaches,tanghulu,atraditionalChinesesnackcanbefoundonthestreetcornerinnorthernChina.Sincetheancienttimes,it___41___(be)verypopularwithnatives,especiallychildren.Tanghuluis___42___(common)madeofhaws(山楂),whicharerichinvitaminCandareknown___43___(have)traditionalChinesemedicineproperties.Accordingtoalegend,800yearsago,oneoftheemperor’s___44___(wife)wassickandhad___45___poorappetite.Thedoctorsuggestedthatsheeat10haws___46___(boil)withsugarbeforedinner.Sherecoveredwithintwoweeks.Later,theprescriptionwaspassedon___47___ordinarypeople.Peopleputhawsonastick,dippedtheminhotsugarsyrup(糖漿)anddried.Thesyrupfinallyturnedintoasolidcoating,likecrystalonthesurfaceofhaws.Thatis___48___theyarealsocalledbingtanghulu.___49___originstorysaysthattheveryfirsttanghuluonlyhadtwohaws:asmalloneonthetopandabigonebelow,makingitresembleahulu,abringerofgoodluck.Withsourhawsandsweetsugar,thetasteoftanghuluisacombinationofflavors,whichoften___50___(remind)peopleoftheirhappychildhoods.【答案】41.hasbeen42.commonly43.tohave44.wives45.a46.boiled47.to48.why49.Another50.reminds【解析】本文是說明文。本文主要講解并描述了冰糖葫蘆的起源以及制作方法，冰糖葫蘆很受小孩子的歡迎，糖葫蘆的味道能勾起人們對華蜜童年的回憶。【41題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自古以來，它在當(dāng)?shù)厝颂厥馐莾和泻苁軞g迎。因?yàn)榍懊嬗袝r(shí)間狀語：Sincetheancienttimes（自從古代），所以句子應(yīng)運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。又因?yàn)橹髡Zit是單數(shù)，故謂語也應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填hasbeen?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：通常糖葫蘆是由山楂制成的。由于后面的"made(制作)"是動詞，副詞作狀語修飾動詞。故填commonly。【43題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：山楂富含維生素C，并且具有傳統(tǒng)中藥特性為人們所熟知。固定搭配beknowntodosth：因……而著名。故填tohave?！?4題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：依據(jù)一個(gè)八百年前的傳聞，皇帝的一位妻子生病了并且食欲很差。oneof后面的名詞應(yīng)當(dāng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填wives。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：依據(jù)一個(gè)八百年前的傳聞，皇帝的一位妻子生病了并且食欲很差。結(jié)合句意可知，這里表示“胃口不好”。haveapoorappetite：胃口不好，poor是以輔音因素開頭的單詞，應(yīng)運(yùn)用不定冠詞a表示泛指意義。故填a?！?6題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：醫(yī)生建議她在晚餐前吃10個(gè)和糖煮在一起的山楂。haws承受boil的動作，應(yīng)運(yùn)用過去分詞表示被動關(guān)系。故填boiled。【47題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：后來此方傳到了民間的一般百姓那里。固定短語passsthontosb：將……傳遞或傳承給某人。故填to?！?8題詳解】考查連接詞。句意：這就是它們也被叫做冰糖葫蘆的緣由。前句“糖漿最終變成了一層固體涂層，就像山楂表面的晶體”，這是在說明糖葫蘆為什么又被稱為冰糖葫蘆。本句為why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。故填why?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：另外一個(gè)起源故事說，最起先的糖葫蘆只有兩個(gè)山楂：上面一個(gè)，下面一個(gè)，使其像葫蘆一樣，寓意帶來好運(yùn)。結(jié)合前文的“Accordingtoalegend”可知，這兒的“originstory(起源故事)”是另外一個(gè)傳聞，因此運(yùn)用another修飾originstory，單詞放句首首字母應(yīng)當(dāng)大寫。故填A(yù)nother?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。句意：糖葫蘆的味道包含了山楂的酸和糖的甜，它是幾種口味的結(jié)合，這使人們常常想起歡樂的童年。本句話是在描述糖葫蘆的味道及它的作用，動詞應(yīng)運(yùn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞thetasteoftanghulu（糖葫蘆的味道）在從句中作主語，因此從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)是單數(shù)形式。故填reminds。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修