四川省資陽市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGE24-四川省資陽市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinMarch?A.cold.B.warm.C.freezing.2.Howmuchdidthemanpayforthecards?A.Oneyuan.B.Twoyuan.C.Fouryuan.3.Howdidthemanknowabouttheaccident?A.Hesawit.B.Hereadaboutit.C.Heheardaboutit.4.Whatsportdoesthemanlikemost?A.Jogging.B.Swimming.C.Basketball.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenovel?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Thrilling.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthestreet.B.Atabirthdayparty.C.Atauniversity.7.Whatarcthetwospeakersgoingtodo?A.Theyaregoingtostarttheircar.B.Theyaregoingtoattendthesameparty.C.Theyaregoingtostudyphysicstogether.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.What'sthetechnologymainlyusedfor?A.Recordingmusic.B.Deliveringsound.C.Seeingpictures.9.Whydoesthewomanprobablyliketheequipment?A.It'sgreatforlongfamilytrips.B.Itknowswhereyourearsare.C.It'sonsalerightnow.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdoesDadwanttodointheholiday?A.VisitNaturePreserve.B.Enjoysomenaturalscenery.C.Stayathome.11.WheredoesMomwanttogo?A.Hawaii.B.Chongqing.C.Changbaimountain.12.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoHawaii?A.Togotouniversity.B.Toenjoydifferentculture.C.Toseenaturalscenery.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowlonghasthewomanbeeninChina?A.Sevenmonths.B.Sixmonths.C.Ayear14.WherewillLindaspendtheSpringFestival?A.Inthecitycentre.B.Inherhometown.C.Inthecountryside15.WhatdoesLindathinkofthefestival?A.Important.B.Ordinary.C.Interesting.16.What'stheprobablerelationshipofthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Classmates.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichflightwascancelled?A.The8a.m.flight.B.The7p.m.flight.C.The6p.m.flight.18.What'sbeingofferedforfree?A.Dinnerandentertainment.B.Anotherflight.C.Hotelrooms.19.Whichactivitybeginsat6:30p.m.?A.Thefilms.B.Thesoccermatch.C.Thebaseballgame.20.Whatshouldpeopledoiftheyhaveanyquestion?A.Gototheinformationdesk.B.Talktothespeaker.C.Lookattheschedule.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouandyourpartnerlovetotravel,adestinationweddingisaperfectidea!It'simportantthatyouplanoutwhatthebestlocationisforyouandyourfuturepartner,consideringyourcostsandwhatitwillcostyourlovedones.Hereisalistofthebestwhenitcomestoinexpensivedestinationweddings.1.St.Petersburg,FLWithpleasantweathernearlyyear-roundandbeautifuloceanfrontviews,St.Peteisaperfectplaceforadestinationwedding.Yourlovedonescaneasilydriveorgetrelativelyinexpensiveplaneticketsandyoucangetmarriedonthewater.TheaverageweddinginSt.PetecostsaroundS5000.2.Negril,JamaicaCoveredinbeautifulresorts,Negriloffersnotonlynaturalbeautyonitsbeaches,butalsoexcellenteleganceifyou'dliketostayindoors.Thebestwaytodoitistobuyapackagethrougharesortwhichwillcostyoubetween$2500-$10000dependingontheoptionsyouchoose.3.PlayadelCarmen,MexicoThisisatopdestinationweddinglocationbecauseit'sinexpensiveforbothyouandyourguests.With30guestsitwillcostabout$45000andincludessomanyamenities(令人開心的事):decorations,set-upandevenacouple'smassage(按摩)!Plus,mosthotelroomscostaroundonly$100anight.4.Newport,RINewportisasleepy,romantictownthathastheNewEnglandfeelwithoutthecost.Youcanhaveyourweddingsonthebeachifthatsuitsyou,butifyoucanwaituntiltheoff-season,youcanbuyapackageatasatisfyingmansion(公館)forlessthan$5000.1.Whichdestinationcanyouchoosetostayindoors?A.St.Petersburg,FL. B.Negril,Jamaica.C.PlayadelCarmen,Mexico. D.Newport,RI.2.WhatcanyoudoinNewport,RI?A.HavethefeelofEngland. B.Experienceacouple'smassage.C.Haveaweddingonthewater D.Enjoyapackageatasatisfyingmansion.3.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.AnewsreportC.Asciencetextbook. D.Alibraryguide.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹一些不昂貴的旅行婚禮目的地?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)2.Negril,Jamaica中Coveredinbeautifulresorts,Negriloffersnotonlynaturalbeautyonitsbeaches,butalsoexcellenteleganceifyou'dliketostayindoors.“在漂亮的度假勝地，內(nèi)格里爾不僅供應(yīng)自然美的海灘，而且假如你想呆在室內(nèi)，也特別優(yōu)雅?！庇纱丝芍?，假如你想呆在室內(nèi)，你可以選擇Negril,Jamaica。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)4.Newport,RI中Youcanhaveyourweddingsonthebeachifthatsuitsyou,butifyoucanwaituntiltheoff-season,youcanbuyapackageatasatisfyingmansion(公館)forlessthan$5000.“假如你覺得合適，你可以在海灘上實(shí)行婚禮，但假如你可以等到淡季，你可以花不到5000美元在一個(gè)令人滿足的豪宅里享受一個(gè)婚禮套餐?！庇纱丝芍贜ewport,RI在一個(gè)令人滿足的大廈享受一個(gè)婚禮套餐。故選D。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Hereisalistofthebestwhenitcomestoinexpensivedestinationweddings.“以下是一些不昂貴的旅行婚禮目的地。”由此可知，這篇文章最有可能來自“一篇旅游日志”。故選A。BItwasaboutfiveinthemorninginOntario,Canada,whenDonnaStrickland'sphonerang.TheNobelPrizecommitteewasonthelineinStockholm,callingtotellhershehadwontheprizeinphysics."Iwonderedifitwasajoke,"StricklandsaidinaninterviewwithaNobelofficialafterthecall.Shehadbeenasleepwhenthecallarrived."Somethingwaswrongbecauseitcamesoearlyinthemorning.ButthenIknewitwastherightday,anditwouldhavebeenacrueljoke."Strickland,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofWaterloo,sharesthehonorwithtwootherscientistsfortheirworkinthe1980sintransforminglasers(激光)intotinytoolsthattodayhavecountlessapplication.Theprizemoney$1.4millionwillhesharedamongthethree.HalftheprizewenttoStricklandandhercooperatorGerardMourou,aprofessorattheEcolePolytechniqueinFrance.TheotherhalfwasawardedtoArthurAshkin,aretiredphysicistwhoworkedatthefamousBellLabsintheUnitedStates.Strickland'swinishistoricinmorethanoneway.It'sbeenover55yearssinceawomanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1903,MarieCuriebecamethefirst-everwomantowinaNobelPrizeinPhysics.Forthenext60years,nowomenphysicistswereawarded.MariaGoeppertMayerbecamethesecondwomanphysicisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1963.Stricklandherselfwassurprisedtolearnshewasthethirdwomantoreceivethehonorinphysics."Isthatall,really?Ithoughttheremighthavebeenmore."shesaidatapressconferenceTuesday."Weneedtocelebratewomenphysicists,becausewe'reoutthere.Hopefully,intime,itwillstarttomoveforwardatafasterrate."4.WhatwasDonna'sfirstreactionaftershereceivedthecall?A.Shefeltalleffortspaidoff. B.ShewastooexcitedtosayawordC.Shewasdoubtfulaboutit. D.Shewasannoyedatbeingwakenup.5.HowmuchwasDonnarewardedforwinningtheNobelPrize?A.About$350,000. B.About$2.8million.C.About$700,000. D.About$1.4million.6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Strickland'sachievementsinphysics.B.ThehistoryoftheNobelPrizeinPhysics.C.Strickland'sstruggletowintheNobelPrize.D.ThreewomenwinnersoftheNobelPrizeinPhysicsinhistory.7.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheNobelPrizeinPhysics.B.Theachievementofmenphysicists.C.ThecelebrationoftheNobelPrizewinners.D.AwardingwomenphysiciststheNobelPrizeinPhysics.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章敘述的是Donna的獲獎(jiǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。她成為歷史上第三位女性諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句"Iwonderedifitwasajoke,"StricklandsaidinaninterviewwithaNobelofficialafterthecall.““我想知道這是不是個(gè)玩笑，”Strickland在電話后接受一位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)官員的采訪時(shí)說。”由此可知，Donna接到電話后的第一反應(yīng)是“她對(duì)此表示懷疑?！惫蔬xC?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Theprizemoney$1.4millionwillhesharedamongthethree.“他將與三人共享140萬美元的獎(jiǎng)金?！庇纱丝芍?，Donna得到的獎(jiǎng)金是About$350,000（1.4million÷3=$350,000）。故選A?！?題詳解】段落大意題。依據(jù)第四段Strickland'swinishistoricinmorethanoneway.It'sbeenover55yearssinceawomanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1903,MarieCuriebecamethefirst-everwomantowinaNobelPrizeinPhysics.Forthenext60years,nowomenphysicistswereawarded.MariaGoeppertMayerbecamethesecondwomanphysicisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1963.“思特里克蘭德的成功不僅在一個(gè)方面具有歷史意義。一位女性獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)已經(jīng)超過55年了。1903年，瑪麗·居里成為第一位獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的女性。在接下來的60年里，沒有女性物理學(xué)家獲獎(jiǎng)?，旣悂啞じ耒晏亍っ芬?MariaGoeppertMayer)是1963年獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的其次位女性物理學(xué)家。”可知，第四段介紹了歷史上獲得了諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的三位女性。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義指代題。依據(jù)最終一段Stricklandherselfwassurprisedtolearnshewasthethirdwomantoreceivethehonorinphysics."Isthatall,really?Ithoughttheremighthavebeenmore."shesaidatapressconferenceTuesday."Weneedtocelebratewomenphysicists,becausewe'reoutthere.Hopefully,intime,itwillstarttomoveforwardatafasterrate."思特里克蘭德自己也驚異地發(fā)覺，她是第三位獲得物理學(xué)榮譽(yù)的女性?！罢娴模瓦@些嗎?”她在周二的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說?！拔覀冺氁澝琅晕锢韺W(xué)家，因?yàn)槲覀兙驮谀抢?。希望?！庇纱送浦?，最終一句中的it指代的就是前面提到的“授予女性物理學(xué)家諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)”這件事。故選D。CWhenmostpeoplethinkaboutthe"Americanculture",imagesofCoca-Cola,hotdogs,baseballgames,bigcarscometomind.Actually,Americancultureismorethanthat,anditshistoryfeaturesthevarietyofAmericanculture.Especiallysouthernculture,playsapartinAmericanculture.Andthesouthernersareknownfortheirhospitality,languageandfood.Southerners'hospitalityisveryfamousintheworld.PeoplewholiveintheSouthareveryniceandarealwayswillingtohelpanotherpersoninanywaytheycan.Ifsomeoneisfromoutoftownandneedsdirectionstoacertainplace,Southernerswillmakesureheorsheknowshowtogetthere.Southernersareverypolite.Everytimetheypasssomeoneontheroad,theyaregoingtowaveathimorher.TownsintheSouthhavefewerpeopleandeveryoneknowseveryone.ThepeopleintheSoutharenicerthananywhereelseintheUnitedStates.LanguageintheSouthvariesaccordingtowhichareasomeoneisinandwhattheperson'sbackgroundis.Mostwhitepeoplehaveacountrydrawintheaccent.MostblackpeopletalkusingEbonies(黑人英語)，butsomedohaveadrawintheiraccent.TheothergroupstalkintheirnativelanguagesorinEnglishwithanobviousaccent.ThelanguagesintheSoutharealikeinmostplacesexceptinSouthernLouisianaTheSouth'sfoodislikenootherplaces.Itiscolourful,hasawonderfulsmellthatfillsthewholehouseandtastesgood.AllthethingsthattheSouthernersusewillwakeupone'stasteandarereallydelicious.Southerncultureiswell-knownintheworld.TheSouthisverydifferentfromotherareasintheUnitedStates.Thepeoplearenice,thelanguageisverydifferentandthefoodisgreat.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hospitality"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Beinghonest. B.Beingfriendly.C.Beinggenerous. D.Beingbeautiful9.Whatcanyouinferaboutthesouthernersfromthepassage?A.Theyenjoywavingatothers. B.Theyprefertotalkontheroad.C.Theyarcgladtohelpstrangers. D.Theydon'tgetalongwellwithothers.10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSouthisNOTtrue?A.PeopleintheSouthspeakthesamelanguage.B.PeopleintheSoutharethenicestinAmerica.C.ThecultureintheSouthisuniqueintheworld.D.ThefoodintheSoutharedifferentfromotherplaces.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.TheOriginofSouthernCulture. B.AmericanCulture.C.Southerners'Hospitality. D.SouthernCulture.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹美國南方的文化。【8題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中PeoplewholiveintheSoutharcveryniceandarealwayswillingtohelpanotherpersoninanywaytheycan.“住在南方的人很友好，總是情愿盡其所能幫助別人。所以南方人的好客著名于世?！庇纱丝芍?，劃線詞的意思是“好客，友好”。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中Ifsomeoneisfromoutoftownandneedsdirectionstoacertainplace,Southernerswillmakesureheorsheknowshowtogetthere.Southernersareverypolite.Everytimetheypasssomeoneontheroad,theyaregoingtowaveathimorher“假如有人從外地來，須要去某個(gè)地方，南方人會(huì)確保他或她知道如何到達(dá)那里。南方人很有禮貌。每次他們?cè)诼飞辖?jīng)過某人，他們會(huì)向他或她揮手?！庇纱送茢喑?，南方人樂于幫助生疏人。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句ThelanguagesintheSoutharealikeinmostplacesexceptinSouthernLouisiana“除了南路易斯安那州，南方的語言在大多數(shù)地方都很相像?！庇纱丝芍?，A項(xiàng)PeopleintheSouthspeakthesamelanguage.（南方人說同一種語言。）是不正確的。故選A?！?1題詳解】標(biāo)題推斷題?？v觀全文，尤其是第一段Especiallysouthernculture,playsapartinAmericanculture.Andthesouthernersareknownfortheirhospitality,languageandfood.尤其是南方文化，在美國文化中起著重要的作用。南方人以他們的好客、語言和食物而著名以。及最終一段Southerncultureiswell-knownintheworld.TheSouthisverydifferentfromotherareasintheUnitedStates.Thepeoplearenice,thelanguageisverydifferentandthefoodisgreat.“南方文化著名于世。南方與美國其他地區(qū)有很大的不同。那里的人很好，語言也很不同，食物也很棒。”由此可知，短文的最佳標(biāo)題是“南方的文化”。故選D。DThegovernmenthasproposedtospendmoneydevelopingwirelesschargingroadsintheUKaspartofa￡40millionplan.Wirelesschargingroadscouldbedevelopedtorechargeelectriccarswhiletheydrivealongtosolvesomeproblemsaboutlimitedequipmenttoencourageownershipofthesevehiclesandensurebetterairquality.Thegovernmenthaspromisedthemoneytodevelopingbothon-streetandwirelesschargingtohelptransformationfrominternalcombustionengine(內(nèi)燃機(jī))carstoelectriccars.ThesesystemsworksimilarlytoaScalextrictoycar.Wirelesschargingusesaprocesscalledelectromagneticinduction(電磁感應(yīng))tomoveenergy.Onthegroundisapadinwhichelectricityispassedthroughasetofwiretocreateamagneticfield.Itisthenmovedtoareceiverontheundersideofthecar.Oncethetechnologyworks,itcouldmeanthatdriverscanfilluptheircarsastheydrivealong,meaningtherecouldbelongerperiodsbetweencharging.TheproposalwasmadeinDepartmentforTransport(DFT)andcouldalsoseechargingpointspositionedatservicestationsandcarparks.Newhomeswillalso,wherepermitted,bebuiltwithsomepoints.DavidMartell,oftheelectriccarchargingcompanyBPChargemaster,said,"Wirelesschargingwillmakedrivinganelectricvehicleassimilaraspossibletodrivingapetrolcarbutwithoutgoingtothepetrolstationfrequently."Thisisnotthefirsttimethatwirelesschargingroadshavebeenproposedasanumberoffirmshavedevelopedtechnologies.RenaultpartneredwithQualcommandVEDECOMTechtodeveloparoadtotestthetechnology'scapability.The100-metertesttrackwassaidtobecapableofachargeupto20kilowattsatspeedsupto,andover,62milesperhour(nearly100km/h).12.What'stheattitudeoftheUKgovernmenttoelectricvehicles?A.Supportive. B.Unfavourable.C.Indifferent. D.Objective.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowaScalextrictoycarfunctions. B.Howtheelectriccarsgetcharged.C.Howthewirelessroadsystemsrun. D.Howtheelectriccarsbenefitpeople.14.HowdoesDavidMartellfindthenewtechnology?A.Itgetspetrolcarsunfavourable. B.Itsavesdrivers'tripstopetrolstation.C.Itgivesrisetomanynewcarparks. D.Itmakeselectriccarsdifficulttodrive.15.Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowtheexperimentofsomefirms.B.Toannouncetheprogressofthenewtechnology.C.Toshowtheefficiencyofthewirelessroadsystems.D.Toencouragethecooperationamongdifferentfirms.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了無線充電道路系統(tǒng)是如何運(yùn)行的，并展示了無線充電道路系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Thegovernmenthaspromisedthemoneytodevelopingbothon-streetandwirelesschargingtohelptransformationfrominternalcombustionengine(內(nèi)燃機(jī))carstoelectriccars.“政府承諾將資金用于開發(fā)道路充電和無線充電，以幫助從內(nèi)燃機(jī)車向電動(dòng)汽車的轉(zhuǎn)型?！庇纱送茢喑觯畬?duì)電動(dòng)車是“支持的”。故選A。【13題詳解】段落大意題。依據(jù)其次段中ThesesystemsworksimilarlytoaScalextrictoycar.Wirelesschargingusesaprocesscalledelectromagneticinduction(電磁感應(yīng))tomoveenergy.Onthegroundisapadinwhichelectricityispassedthroughasetofwiretocreateamagneticfield.Itisthenmovedtoareceiverontheundersideofthecar.“這些系統(tǒng)的工作原理類似于Scalextric玩具車。無線充電運(yùn)用一種叫做電磁感應(yīng)的過程來移動(dòng)能量。在地面上有一個(gè)墊子，電通過一組電線來產(chǎn)生磁場(chǎng)。然后它被移動(dòng)到汽車底部的接收器上?！庇纱丝芍?，其次段講的是“無線道路系統(tǒng)如何運(yùn)行?！惫蔬xC?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Wirelesschargingwillmakedrivinganelectricvehicleassimilaraspossibletodrivingapetrolcarbutwithoutgoingtothepetrolstationfrequently.“無線充電將使駕駛電動(dòng)車與駕駛汽油車盡可能相像，但不必常常去加油站?！庇纱丝芍笮l(wèi)·馬泰爾認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)省去了司機(jī)去加油站的路程。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Thisisnotthefirsttimethatwirelesschargingroadshavebeenproposedasanumberoffirmshavedevelopedtechnologies.RenaultpartneredwithQualcommandVEDECOMTechtodeveloparoadtotestthetechnology'scapability.The100-metertesttrackwassaidtobecapableofachargeupto20kilowattsatspeedsupto,andover,62milesperhour(nearly100km/h).“這并不是第一次提出無線充電道路，因?yàn)楹芏喙疽呀?jīng)開發(fā)了技術(shù)。雷諾與高通(Qualcomm)和VEDECOMTech合作，開發(fā)了一條測(cè)試該技術(shù)實(shí)力的道路。這條100米的測(cè)試軌道據(jù)說可以在最高時(shí)速62英里(近100公里/小時(shí))的狀況下充電20千瓦?！庇赏茢喑?，作者在最終一段中提到這些數(shù)字是為了展示無線道路系統(tǒng)的效率。故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】推理推斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出肯定的推理推斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理推斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是依據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理推斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等標(biāo)記性詞語。本題第1小題，依據(jù)第一段中Thegovernmenthaspromisedthemoneytodevelopingbothon-streetandwirelesschargingtohelptransformationfrominternalcombustionengine(內(nèi)燃機(jī))carstoelectriccars.“政府承諾將資金用于開發(fā)道路充電和無線充電，以幫助從內(nèi)燃機(jī)車向電動(dòng)汽車的轉(zhuǎn)型?！庇纱丝芍畬?duì)電動(dòng)車是“支持的”。故選A。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Migration(遷徙),isalongjourneycarriedoutbysomebirdstootherareaswheretheyhopetofindmorefoodandawarmerplacetospendwinter.Hundredsorthousandsofmiles'journeyisactuallydifficultanddangerous.Sowhydobirdsmigrate?____16____However,itallcomesdowntosurvival.MigratingforaMealForallbirds,oneofthemaindrivingforcesbehindmigrationisfoodshortage.Ifallbirdsweretostayinthesamewarmregionsalltheyearround,foodwouldbecomelackingandproducingtheiryoungwouldbelesssuccessful.Asfoodresourcesarerichinthenortheachspring,millionsofbirdsmigratethereforthefoodsupplies.____17____MigratingforFamilyOverthousandsofyears,birdshaveevolveddifferentmigrationpatterns,timinganddestinationstoflyaroundtheworldtoproducetheiryoung.Birdstakeadvantageofawidevarietyofsuitableconditionstoraisetheiryoung.____18____MigratingforClimateBirdshaveevolveddifferenttypesoffeatherstosurvivedifferentclimates.____19____SomanybirdsleavetheArcticproducinggrounds,forexample,whentemperaturesbegintofallandtheyneedwarmerhabitats.Similarly,thehottestregionscanbeabadenvironmentforraisinglittlechicks,andtheywillchoosecoolerareastolayeggs.MigratingforPredators(掠食動(dòng)物)Habitatsthathaverichfoodresourcesalltheyearroundalsoattractagreaternumberofpredatorsthatcanthreatentheirnests.____20____Itgivestheiryoungabetterchanceofreachingmaturity.Manybirdsevenmigratetospecializedhabitatsthatarenearlyinaccessibletopredators.A.Birdsalwaystendtoflytowarmerplaces.B.Andchangesinthoseclimatescanaffectmigration.C.Thisincreasesthesurvivingchancesoflittlechicks.D.Birdshaveadaptedthemselvestotheirownsurroundings.E.ThereismorethanonereasonsfordifferentbirdstomigrateF.Asthefoodsuppliesdecreaseinfall,theyreturntowarmregions.G.Sobirdsmigratetodifferenthabitatstoavoidbeingeatenbypredators.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.B20.G【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹鳥類的遷徙的緣由?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“那么為什么鳥類會(huì)遷徙呢?”承接上文，E項(xiàng)Thereismorethanonereasonsfordifferentbirdstomigrate（不同鳥類遷徙的緣由不止一個(gè)）切題。故選E?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“由于北方的食物資源豐富，每年春天都有數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的鳥遷徙到那里找尋食物”。承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Asthefoodsuppliesdecreaseinfall,theyreturntowarmregions.（隨著秋天食物供應(yīng)的削減，它們回到暖和的地區(qū)。）切題。故選F。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“鳥類利用各種各樣的相宜條件來哺育后代?！背薪由衔模珻項(xiàng)Thisincreasesthesurvivingchancesoflittlechicks.（這增加了小企鵝的生存機(jī)會(huì)。）切題。故選C。【19題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“鳥類進(jìn)化出不同類型的羽毛以適應(yīng)不同的氣候?！痹僖罁?jù)下文提示“例如，當(dāng)氣溫起先下降，須要更暖和的棲息地時(shí)，很多鳥類離開北極的產(chǎn)地。”承接上下文，B項(xiàng)Andchangesinthoseclimatescanaffectmigration.（這些氣候的改變會(huì)影響遷徙。）切題。故選B?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“全年都有豐富食物資源的棲息地也吸引了大量的捕食者，這些捕食者會(huì)威逼到它們的巢”。再依據(jù)下文提示“這使它們的后代有更好的機(jī)會(huì)成熟。”承接上下文，G項(xiàng)Sobirdsmigratetodifferenthabitatstoavoidbeingeatenbypredators.（所以鳥類遷徙到不同的棲息地以避開被捕食者吃掉。）切題。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenlifehandsyoulemons,well,don'tbother.Six-graderJamariaCrumphasalreadysetanexample.Ittookthe11-year-oldoneyeartoperfecther____21____lemonaderecipe(檸檬水配方)alongwithsome____22____,likecookiesandcheesecakesthathadmadeherbusinessa____23____.Andwhat'sevenmore____24____isthat,withsomehelpfromher____25____,JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia."She____26____foralemonadestandforayearortwobeforeIletherdoit."saidhermom,JasmineHall,"WhenJamaria'spreviousschool____27____abakesale,itwastheperfect____28____.Andtheschooltoldhershehadtoofferbakedfood____29____lemonade.SoJamariaaddedlemontodessertsshealreadyknewhowtobake.Afterthebakesale,shekept_____30_____atschoolandcommunityevents.""Itcontinuedbywordofmouth(口頭上)____31____sheservedthepartyatthecityhall,"Hallsaid,"LemonTopiabecamewell-knownandwemadea(n)_____32_____attheparty."Andwiththatmoney,Jamariamust_____33_____hermotherforridesand_____34_____thestand."She'sakid,sosometimesshe'slike'Idon'twanttostandatLemonTopia,andIwanttogototheconcert.'"Hallsaid,"IfIhaveto_____35_____,shewouldoffermemoneyhourly."MarketManagerAndyWeaversaid,"Jamaria'sdrinksandsnacksareaspecial,cheerfulpresenceinthemarket."_____36_____,themarketspaceiscompetitivesoJamariahastothinkofwaysto_____37_____customers.Andshehasshown_____38_____asshedevelopedmanylemonadesofnewflavours."Shedoesn'twantto____39____somuchintoitbecauseshe'slike'I'mfinishedwithitbutshehasn't.'So,I'mvery____40____ofherforstickingwithit."saidHall.21.A.complex B.expensive C.unique D.familiar22.A.pies B.desserts C.candies D.drinks23.A.hit B.reality C.record D.test24.A.amusing B.upsetting C.confusing D.amazing25.A.father B.mom C.friends D.classmates26.A.applied B.looked C.acted D.begged27.A.forbade B.started C.indicated D.foresaw28.A.achievement B.phenomenon C.chance D.challenge29.A.insteadof B.ratherthan C.aswellas D.bymeansof30.A.selling B.wandering C.exhibiting D.advertising31.A.when B.until C.as D.though32.A.plan B.order C.decision D.fortune33.A.praise B.please C.pay D.persuade34.A.renting B.lending C.pushing D.working35.A.fillin B.goaway C.standby D.takein36.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides37.A.hopefor B.dealwith C.competefor D.takeover38.A.creativity B.interest C.courage D.knowledge39.A.put B.share C.involve D.experience40.A.fond B.confident C.aware D.proud【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.D27.B28.C29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.D35.A36.B37.C38.A39.A40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述的是一個(gè)11歲的女孩在媽媽的幫助下做檸檬水和甜點(diǎn)并獲得成功的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：11歲的她花了一年時(shí)間來完善她獨(dú)特的檸檬水配方和一些甜點(diǎn)，如餅干和奶酪蛋糕，這讓她的生意很成功。A.complex困難的；B.expensive昂貴的；C.unique獨(dú)一無二的；D.familiar熟識(shí)的。依據(jù)第5空后的JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia可知，她的檸檬水配方是“獨(dú)特的”。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：11歲的她花了一年時(shí)間來完善她獨(dú)特的檸檬水配方和一些甜點(diǎn)，如餅干和奶酪蛋糕，這讓她的生意很成功。A.pies餡餅；B.desserts甜食；C.candies糖果；D.drinks飲料。依據(jù)第2空后的likecookiesandcheesecakes可知，這里指的是“甜點(diǎn)”。故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：11歲的她花了一年時(shí)間來完善她獨(dú)特的檸檬水配方和一些甜點(diǎn)，如餅干和奶酪蛋糕，這讓她的生意很成功。A.hit打擊，成功；B.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；C.record記錄；D.test測(cè)試。依據(jù)第5空后的JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia可知，她的生意是“成功的”。故選A。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更令人驚異的是，在她媽媽的幫助下，Jamaria建立了自己的品牌LemonTopia。A.amusing好玩的；B.upsetting令人苦惱的；C.confusing混亂的；D.amazing令人驚異的。依據(jù)第5空后的JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia.可知，此處指更“令人驚異的”是創(chuàng)立了品牌。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更令人驚異的是，在她媽媽的幫助下，Jamaria建立了自己的品牌LemonTopia。A.father父親；B.mom母親；C.friends摯友；D.classmates同班同學(xué)。依據(jù)saidhermom可知，在她媽媽的幫助下。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她祈求我為她租個(gè)攤位，時(shí)間為一到兩年。A.applied應(yīng)用，實(shí)施；B.looked看；C.acted行動(dòng)；D.begged祈求。依據(jù)第6空后的foralemonadestandforayearortwobeforeIletherdoit可知，她想媽媽“祈求”。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Jamaria以前的學(xué)校啟動(dòng)一次糕餅義賣時(shí)，這是一個(gè)絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)。A.forbade禁止；B.started起先啟動(dòng),；C.indicated表明；D.foresaw預(yù)見。依據(jù)第7空后的abakesale可知，amaria以前的學(xué)?！皢?dòng)”一次糕餅義賣。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Jamaria以前的學(xué)校啟動(dòng)一次糕餅義賣時(shí)，這是一個(gè)絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)。A.achievement成就；B.phenomenon現(xiàn)象；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。依據(jù)WhenJamaria'spreviousschool7abakesale可知，她認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)絕佳的“機(jī)會(huì)”。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞組。句意：學(xué)校告知她，除了檸檬汁，還要供應(yīng)烘焙食品。A.insteadof代替；B.ratherthan而不是；C.aswellas除了，也，和……一樣；D.bymeansof依靠。依據(jù)第9空格后的SoJamariaaddedlemontodessertsshealreadyknewhowtobake.可知，“除了”檸檬水，還有烘焙食品。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在糕餅義賣之后，她接著在學(xué)校和社區(qū)活動(dòng)中賣糕餅。A.selling賣；B.wandering閑逛，漫游；C.exhibiting陳設(shè)；D.advertising登廣告。依據(jù)第9空前的Afterthebakesale,shekept可知，接著“賣”糕餅。故選A。【31題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：人們口口相傳，直到她為市政廳派對(duì)供應(yīng)她的商品。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.until直到……為止；C.as由于……；D.though盡管。此處是until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。故選B。32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：LemonTopia出了名，我們?cè)谂蓪?duì)上賺了一大筆錢。A.plan安排；B.order吩咐；C.decision確定；D.fortune財(cái)寶，命運(yùn)。依據(jù)第12空格前的LemonTopiabecamewell-known可知，makeafortune“發(fā)財(cái)”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有了這筆錢，賈瑪里亞必需付給她母親的交通工具和攤位的錢。A.praise贊揚(yáng)；B.please取悅；C.pay付款，支付；D.persuade勸告。依據(jù)第13空后的hermotherforrides可知，“支付”給媽媽錢。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有了這筆錢，賈瑪里亞必需付給她母親的交通工具和攤位的錢。A.renting出租；B.lending借出；C.pushing推，推動(dòng)；D.working工作。此處指媽媽為她供應(yīng)“工作”攤位。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辨析。句意：假如我臨時(shí)代替她，她會(huì)按小時(shí)支付給我錢。A.fillin填寫，臨時(shí)代替；B.goaway走開；C.standby袖手旁邊，支持；D.takein汲取，理解，欺瞞。依據(jù)第15空上一句sometimesshe'slike'Idon'twanttostandatLemonTopia,andIwanttogototheconcert.可知，媽媽“臨時(shí)代替”她。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，市場(chǎng)空間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，所以Jamaria必需想方法爭(zhēng)取客戶。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否則；D.Besides另外，此外。依據(jù)第16空前后的內(nèi)容Jamaria'sdrinksandsnacksareaspecial,cheerfulpresenceinthemarket.和themarketspaceiscompetitive可知，此處表示“轉(zhuǎn)折”關(guān)系。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辯詞。句意：然而，市場(chǎng)空間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，所以Jamaria必需想方法爭(zhēng)取客戶。A.hopefor希望，期盼；B.dealwith解決，處理；C.competefor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，為……競(jìng)賽；D.takeover接管。依據(jù)第17空前的themarketspaceiscompetitivesoJamariahastothinkofways可知，要想法爭(zhēng)取客戶。故選C。38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她在開發(fā)很多新口味的檸檬水時(shí)表現(xiàn)出了創(chuàng)建力。A.creativity創(chuàng)建力；B.interest愛好；C.courage志氣；D.knowledge學(xué)問。依據(jù)第18空后的shedevelopedmanylemonadesofnewflavours可知，她有“創(chuàng)建力”。故選A。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她不想投入太多，因?yàn)樗X得我已經(jīng)完成了，但她還沒