山西省運(yùn)城市芮城縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測試試題

PAGEPAGE10山西省運(yùn)城市芮城縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測試試題留意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，務(wù)必在答題卡規(guī)定的地方填寫自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號，并將條形碼粘貼在指定區(qū)域。2．答題時，每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。3．答題時，必需運(yùn)用0.5毫米的黑色簽字筆在答題卡上書寫，要求字體工整、筆跡清楚。必需在題號所指示的答題區(qū)域作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在本題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4．本試卷滿分150分，不含聽力,考試時間120分鐘。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANewScientistLiveWhatisit?NewScientistLiveistheworld’sgreatestsciencefestival,whichhaswongoldinthe“eventoftheyear”categoryattheBritishMediaAwardsthreeyearsinarow.Thisyear’seventwillrunattheExCelCenterinLondonfrom10to13October,featuringover140talksandahugerangeofinteractiveexperiences,workshopsandperformances.Whoarethespeakers?ThemainstagelineupfeaturessuchamazingnamesasLeeBerger,thediscovererofourancienthumanrelativesHomoNaledi,biologicalanthropologistAliceRoberts,theAstronomerRoyalMartinRees,andChristianaFigueres,wholedtheUnitedNationsclimatenegotiationsfrom2012to2024.Thenthereare5morestageswithdifferentthemes:universe,humans,Earth,technologyandengineering.Hereyou’llfindarchitectRomaAgrawal,geneticistGilesYeo,oceanexplorerJonCopley,engineerMarkMiodownikandmanymore.Plus,youcanseeTVstarslikeKonnieHuqandMaddieMoateonourperformancestage.Whatelseisgoingon?Ontopofthat,there’reover150exhibitsincludingavirtualrealityrollercoaster,rocketbuilding,theoperatingroomofthefuture,andahugemooninstallation.Canschoolgroupscome?Absolutelywehaveschools’ticketsavailableonThursday10andFriday11October.OnThursdaywehaveaspecialschools’programwithdedicatedcontentaroundthecurriculum.CanIcomejustfortheevening?Yes—OnFriday11October,we’reopenuntil9pm.Fridaynightticketsallowaccessfrom5pmonwardsfordrinks,discussionsandafter-darkentertainment,likeJuliaShaw’stalkonthescienceofevil.HowcanIgettickets?HeadovertotheNewScientistLivewebsiteyou’llfindmuchmoreinformationthereaboutwhat’sonandhowtogetthere.1.Howcanyoubenefitfromtheevent?A.MakefriendswithmanyvisitorspresentB.HavechancestointerviewmanyfamousstarsC.LearnaboutdifferentfieldsofscientificknowledgeD.Developspecialhabitsofmakingscientificdiscoveries2.Whatdoyouhavetodotoattendthefestival?A.Buyaticketonline B.JoinaschoolgroupC.Makeanappointmentwiththespeakers D.ArriveattheExCelCenterinadvance3.WhencanyoulistentoJuliaShaw’spresentation?A.OnOct10B.OnOct11C.OnOct12D.OnOct13BOnanafternoonin2024inDenmark,DecanAndersensawababyredsquirrelfallfromhisapartmentbuildingandlandinthemiddleofhisgarden,injuredandbleeding.Althoughconcerned,Andersenleftthesquirrelaloneandwentinside,thinkingthatthemotherwouldcomeandrescuehim.Butwhenthatdidn’thappen,the37-year-oldformertelevisionsalesmanknewwhathehadtodo.Hebroughtthefurrybabybackandgotintouchwithwildlifeofficialsforadvice.Andwhilehewasonthephone,astrangethinghappened:HiscatCoco’smotherlyinstinctstookhold,washinghimwithhistongueandwarminghimup.Later,afteraveterinarian(獸醫(yī))haddressedthesquirrel’swounds,Andersenmadehisnewhousematesometinysweatersandsockstopreventhimfromscratchinghiswounds.ThenTintinnamedafterthemoviehischildrenwerewatching,“TheAdventureofTintin”gotsousedtohiscozyhomelifeduringhisconvalescencethatthefamilysoonrealizedtheycouldn’treleasehimbackintothewild,especiallysincehenowhadnofearofcats!FeedinghimkittenmilkfromabottleuntilTintingrewstrongenoughtocracknutsonhisown,AndersenreceivedspecialpermissionfromDanishWildlifePreservationofficialstokeeptheredsquirrel,sincetheyareconsideredendangeredinDenmarkandseveralothercountries.Usingalittleharness(甲胄)andleash(平安繩)toprotectTintinfromthedogs,eaglesandcatsthatweren’tastolerantofsquirrelsasCoco,Andersenbegantakinghislittlepeteverywherehewent,documentingtheiradventuresonFacebookandInstagram,wheretheynowhavealmost40,0000followers.“Withsomuchnegativityintheworld,Ithoughtitcouldhelpliftpeopleup,”Andersensaid.“Mostpeoplewhomeetusfeelamazedandwanttoknowmore.Hemakespeopleforgetabouttheirtroublesforamomentsotheycanlaughandsmile.He’scertainlybroughtlightandenjoymenttomeandmyfamily.Wehaveaspecialbondandareprettymuchtogether,24/7.”4.HowdidAndersenrespondtotheinjuredsquirrelatfirst?A.HeleftitasitwasB.HecalledwildlifeofficialsC.HewenttorescueitrightawayD.Hehidhimselfinhisapartment5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convalescence”inparagraph3mean?A.Immigration B.Catastrophe C.Recovery D.Survival6.Whatcanbeinferredaboutredsquirrelinthepassage?A.TheyareuncommoninDenmarkB.ItisgenerallyforbiddentokeepthemC.ItishardforthemtocoexistwithhumansD.Theycankeepongoodtermswithwildcats7.WhatdoesAndersenthinkoftherelationshipwithTintin?A.Itisannoying B.Itisdiscouraging C.Itissolid D.ItisupliftingCSleep，consideredasaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson’swell-being.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson’sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity,highbloodsugarlevelsandheartdisease.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.JefferyGross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-worndevices,whichtrackaperson’sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievements.WhileGross’sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalyzingthedata,theynoticedalinear(線性的)relationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepthestudentsgotandtheirresultsinthecourse’s11quizzes,threemidtermtestsandthefinalexam.Evenmoreinteresting,itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforethetest.Instead,it’sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.Whenstudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewenttobedintheearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameashigher-performingstudent.“Whenyougotobedmatters,”Grosssays.“Ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepfor7hours,yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartedtogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours’sleep.So,quantityisn’teverything.”Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents’grades.Theoverallcoursegradesofstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly,studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtime.WhoknowsgettingstraightA’sjustrequiredsomeextrasleep?8.Basedonhisoriginalobjective,whichbestdescribesProfessorGross’sresearchfindings?A.Accidental B.Complete C.Convincing D.Doubtful9.Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A.MiddleschoolchemistrystudentsB.ProfessorGross’sownstudentsC.VolunteersfromdifferentuniversitiesD.Universitystudentathletes10.HowdidProfessorGross’steammeasurestudents’academicperformance?A.MakingthestudentswearspecialwatchesB.Usingstudents’universityentrancetestresultsC.GivingthestudentsregularquizzesafterclassD.Usingthestudents’normaltestandquizgrades11.Basedonthestudy’sfindings,whoislikelytoperformbestacademically?A.Astudentwhohasagoodnight’ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.B.Astudentwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p.m.and12p.m.C.Astudentwhosleepsfrom11p.m.to6a.m.eachday.D.Astudentwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.DEveryyearlittleblack-and-whitebirdscalledpiedflycatcherstravelfromsub-SaharantonorthernEuropetofeastoncaterpillars(毛毛蟲)，claimanestandhavebabies.Andtheyflybackafewmonthslater.Butrecentlysomeflycatchershavearrivedonlytofindtheirnestingsitesoccupiedbygreattits(大山雀).Andthosebirdsdon’tjustchaseflycatchersawaytheyattackthem,killthem,andeveneattheirbrains.GreattitsliveinEuropeanforestsallyearround.Flycatchersareregularvacationers.Sincethe1980s,flycatchers’reproductiveseasonhasbeeninchingupearlierinthemonthofApril.Warmspringtemperatureshavecausedcaterpillarspopulationstoboom.Toadapttothat,flycatchersarriveabitearlier,too.Thatwon’tbetoobigaproblem.Butnow,titsdelaytheirbreedingperiodabitinApril,sotheyoverlap(在時間上重疊)withtheflycatchers,andviolencebegins.Moreover,thereislimitednestingspaceinmanyofthesebirds’favoriteforeststhetreescanbeveryyoungandhaveveryfewtreeholeswherebirdscannest.Volunteersandacademicshaveplacednestboxestohelp.Butwithclimatechange,birds’breedingschedulesgettingcloser,therearen’tenoughnestboxestogoaround.Unfriendlyhoststhetits,eattheirbrains.“Greattitsaresuperiorcompetitorswhenitcomesdowntoafight.”saidJelmerSamplonius,leadauthorofastudy.“peopleseeitasacutegardenbird,butsomeofthemhavearealangermanagementproblem.”Luckily,themurderedbirdswereoftensurplus(剩余的)malesthatarrivelate.Thedeathshaven’thadabigimpactonthepopulationbecausethoselatemalesprobablywon’thavehadbabiesanyway.Butthere’salwaysthechancethatitcouldgetworse.“Whatevertheflycatcherpopulation’sfuturemayhold,”Samploniussaid,“thisisagoodexampleofwhyit’sessentialtostudyhowclimatechangecanshiftanimals’schedules,oftenwithdeadlyconsequences.Understandingdifferentresponsestochangingenvironmentswillbeanimportantpartofspeciesassessmentsincomingyears.”12.Whathashappenedtopiedflycatchersrecently?A.Theycouldn’tgetenoughfood.B.Theirnestingsitesweredestroyed.C.Theirbabieshavebecomelesslikelytosurvive.D.Theirliveshavebeenthreatenedbyanotherkindofbirds.13.Whichisoneofthecausesoftheviolencebetweenpiedflycatchersandgreattits?A.Thetwobirds’sharingthesamefood.B.Thedelayofflycatchers’reproductiveseason.C.Thereductionofbothbirds’favoriteforests.D.Thechangeinmigrationofflycatchers.14.Whichcanbestdescribegreattits?A.Ugly B.Smart C.Aggressive D.lazy15.Whatcanbethetitleofthetext?A.AterriblebirdmurderB.Birds’struggletohuntC.Birds’influenceonclimatechangeD.Thefutureofmixedspeciescommunities其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EasyWaystoGiveYourselfaFreshStartItdoesn’tneedtobecomplicatedorchallengingtoturnafreshpageoneachnewday.Wheneverwemarkanewyearbyturningthecalendar,returningtoschoolorcelebratingaholidaywearelookingforafreshstart.16ButHow?Herearesomewaystoconnectwiththatfeelingofstartingfresh,whetherit’sanewyearoranewdayinourlife.17Thismeansyouhaverealizedwhatservesyourlifenowandwhatcanstayinyourpast.Orinvestinanewpenandanewnotebook.Havingfreshsuppliescanstimulateeventhecommontaskofcreatingyourto-dolist.Moreover,youcanlearnsomethingnewbyopeningabookyou’vebeenexpectingtoread,searchingaquestionthat’sbeeninyourmind,enrollinginaclassthatmotivatesyourinterest.Ofcourseyoucansimplyaskafriendforafreshideaaboutanissue.18Takeabreakfromtechnologyforanhour,aday,oraweek.19.Youshouldbeabletoputsomespacebetweenyourselfanddigitaldevices.Onereasonwhywesometimesstruggletostartfreshisthatyougetstuckwithreflectingonworrisomethoughtsaboutthepast,thepresentoreventhefuture.20Allowthesethoughtsintoyourdayonlyatabrief(30minutesorless),specifictime.Therestofthetime,focusonwhatyouaredoingthat’snewandpositive.Howdoyougiveyourselfthat“freshstart”feeling?Electronicproductsmightnotbeservingyoubest.Newnessorfreshnesscanguideusonapositivepath.Limityourdaily“worrytime”andmakeanappointmentwithyourself.Allofusenjoynewness,butwhatisitthatleadstoasenseoffreshness？Realizingyourpastmistakes,youshouldmoveforwardwithenthusiasm.Increasingyourknowledgeonanytopicmeanstakingyourmindintoafresharea.First,evenlettinggoofasingleboxorbagofitemscangiveyouarefreshingsense.其次部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩部分，滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThanksgivingDaywasdrawingnear.Thefirstgradeteachergaveherclassafun21todrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywere22Mostoftheclasswould23theholidaywithturkeyandothertraditionalgoodiesoftheseason,which,theteacherthought,wouldbethe24ofmostofherstudents'art.Andtheywere.ButDouglasmadeadifferentkindofpicture.Hewastheteacher'struechildofmisery,frailandunhappy.Onecouldonlyguessthe25Douglasfelt26thosesadeyes.Whenaskedtodrawthepicture,hedrewa27.Nothingelse.Hisabstractimage28theattentionofhis29.Whosehandcoulditbe?Onechildguesseditwasthehandofafarmer,becausefarmers30turkeys.Another31apoliceofficer,becausethepoliceprotectandcareforpeople.StillothersguesseditwasthehandofGod,forGodfeedsus.Andthediscussionwentuntiltheteacheralmostforgottheyoung32himself.Whenthechildrenhadgoneontootherassignments,she33atDouglas'sdesk,bentdown,andaskedhimwhosehanditwas.Thelittleboylookedawayand34,"It’syours,teacher."Sherecalledthe35shehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereandthere.36hadshesaid,"Takemyhand,Douglas.Wewillgooutside."Or,"Letmeshowyouhowto37yourpencil."Or"Let’sdothistogether."Douglaswasmostthankfulfortheteacher'shand.Thestory38morethanthankfulness.Itsayssomethingaboutteachersteachingandhowmuchit39totheDouglasesoftheworld.Theymightnotalwayssaythanks,buttheywillrememberthehandthat40out.21.A.design B.approach C.challenge D.assignment22.A.determined B.grateful C.proud D.impressed23.A.instruct B.observe C.introduce D.paint24.A.attempts B.characters C.subjects D.candidates25.A.pain B.delight C.glory D.magic26.A.over B.on C.behind D.along27.A.man B.hand C.god D.turkey28.A.attacked B.appealed C.withdrew D.caught29.A.classmates B.competitors C.teachers D.roommates30.A.measure B.kill C.raise D.secure31.A.approved B.arranged C.ignored D.suggested32.A.barrier B.artist C.writer D.applicant33.A.paused B.stayed C.assisted D.persuaded34.A.rejected B.laughed C.whispered D.shouted 35.A.dreams B.pressures C.stories D.times36.A.Howmuch B.Whatif C.Howoften D.Howabout37.A.gather B.hold C.carry D.guide38.A.speaksof B.fitsin C.arguesabout D.looksinto39.A.symbolizes B.sounds C.annoys D.means40.A.reaches B.points C.takes D.throws其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ForsomepeopleinChina,theaimoftravelistocreate15-second41(video).It’snotaboutwhereyouhavebeen,butaboutwhereyou’reseentohavebeen.42(situate)oncliffsaboveariver,Hongyadongisastilthousecomplex(建筑群)inChongqing.Thebars,restaurantsandgoldenneonlights43(be)apopulardrawsinceitwasbuiltin2006.Lastyearthenumberofvisitorsincreasedsharply.Themainreason,itseemed,wasHongyadong’ssuddenpopularityonanapp,Douyin,44aimisnottoproduceawell-craftedvideo,but45(simple)toshowthatyouhavealsobeentothepopularplaces.Thebeautyoftheattractionislessimportantthanthefact46peopleareflockingtheretodaka.Asubcultureofyoungpeoplewhoembracedakaasalifestylehasdeveloped.So-calleddakazu“dakatribes”can47(find)hangingoutinvariousscenicspots,48(check)outasmanyhotlocationsaspossiblewithinasingleday.Thedakacrazemayhavepracticalorigins.China’syoungurbanprofessionsdon’thavesomuchfreetime.Sometimes,theyneedtoworkovertime.Sotheyhavetomake49bestuseoftheirlimitedleisuretime.Douyincapturesthemoodwith50(it)slogan:“Makeeverysecondcount”.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下面畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改僅限一詞。2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處）不計(jì)分。DearMsSmith,I’mwritingtoaskthatyoucoulddomeafavor.I’vejustfinishedessaynamed“DifferencesbetweentraditionalChineseandWesternfestivals”,butI’mnotsurewhetheritiswellwritten.Tobehonestly,I’mnotthatfamiliarwithsometraditionalwestfestivals.That’sbecauseI’mturningtoyouforhelp.I’dbeappreciateitifyoucouldsparesometimetolookintomyessayforpossiblemistakesandpolishthem.Also,I’mlookingforwardtoyourvaluableadvices.Myessayhasbeensendingtoyoualongwiththisemail.Ihopeitwon’tcauseyoutoomanytrouble.Thankyouinadvance.YourssincerelyLiHua其次節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）假如你是你校漢服俱樂部（HanfuClub）主席李華。近期俱樂部將舉辦一場有外國交換生參與的漢服設(shè)計(jì)大賽，你將代表主辦方在開幕式上