2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語外研版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit 1 Laugh out loud!Section Ⅶ導(dǎo)學(xué)講義

SectionVHExpandingyourworld

單元回顧?總結(jié)提升

I.單詞分層默寫

1.單詞拼寫

①moodn.心情

②circusn.馬戲團(tuán)

③anklen.腳踝

?essentialadj.極其重要的，必不可少的

⑤deservev.應(yīng)得,應(yīng)受到

⑥complicatedadj.難處理的;難懂的

⑦conceptn.概念，觀念

⑧fellown.男人，家伙

⑨shavev活U臉,刮胡子

2.拓展單詞

①amusementn.娛樂.消遣一》amusev.逗笑，逗樂—>amusingadj.有趣的，引人發(fā)笑的一》amused

adj.逗樂的，覺得好笑的

②entertainv.使快樂一^entertainingadj.有趣的、令人愉快的一entertainmentn.招待激待;娛樂

③examinev.檢查（身體）—examinationn.檢查:考查:考試—examinern.檢查員;考官

④advertisementn.廣告—advertisev.（為...）做廣告;登廣告

⑤employern.雇用者，雇主—employv.雇用一employeen.受雇者:雇工:雇員—employment

n.工作;職業(yè);受雇

⑥spotn.地點(diǎn),處所:斑點(diǎn)一spottedadj.有斑點(diǎn)的

⑦impressv.使欽佩.使留下深刻印象-impressionn.印象-impressiveadj.令人敬佩的;給人印

象深刻的

⑧interactionn.交流—interactv.交流;溝通;合作

⑨crueladj.殘忍的一cruellyadv.殘酷地—crueltyn.殘酷，殘忍，殘暴

⑩concludev.結(jié)束，終止-conclusionn.結(jié)束,終結(jié);結(jié)論

?composern.作曲家一》composev.組成,構(gòu)成:作曲，創(chuàng)作（音樂）—compositionn.構(gòu)成;作曲，創(chuàng)作;

作文

H.短語搭配翻譯

1.cheerup（使）高興起來.（使）振作起來

2.dothetrick奏效.達(dá)到預(yù)期效果

3.四出穿上,戴上一（反義詞組）takeoff脫下

4.1ookthrough瀏覽

5.falloff跌落

6.inpain處于痛苦中

7.workas充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任

8.doagreatjob做得很棒

9.mornoftenthanno）通常

10.workcloselywith與..密切合作

11.concentrateon集中精力于:全神貫注于

12.inturn反過來:輪流1,依次

13.makesense有意義;講得通

14.cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)

15.playtrickson@弄

16.inparticular尤其，特別

17.throwlighton闡明

18.putsb.onthespot（故意提出難以回答或?qū)擂蔚膯栴}）使某人難堪

19.brandofhumour某種類型的幽默

2O.telloff斥責(zé).責(zé)罵

2Lfallbehind不能按時(shí)完成（工作）

22.thinkonone'sfeet反應(yīng)敏捷;隨機(jī)應(yīng)變

in.主題書面表達(dá)

結(jié)合本單元主題，使用本單元詞匯、句型和語法寫一篇語言流暢、用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯嚴(yán)密

的短文。

1.寫作要點(diǎn)

①有一個(gè)好心情是非常重要的，它可以娛樂我們，讓我們振作起來。（mOod,essential,entertain,

cheerup）

Beinginagoodmoodisreallyessential,whichcanentertainusandcheerusup.

②好心情會(huì)以積極的方式給別人留下深刻印象，而愁眉苦臉會(huì)讓別人離開你。(impress,

deserve)

Agoodmoodwillimpressothersinapositivewaywhilealongfacewilldeserveothersleaving

you.

③笑料會(huì)讓我們開懷大笑。(laughingstock,crackasmile)

Laughingstockswillmakeuscrackasmile.

④幽默可以照亮一個(gè)人沉悶的生活。(illuminate)

Humourcanilluminateaperson'sdulllife.

⑤當(dāng)我們被責(zé)備或不能按時(shí)完成工作時(shí)，為什么不以好心情打敗它們呢?(telloff,fallbehind)

Whenwearetoldofforfallbehind,whynotbeatthemwithagoodmood?

2.串句成文

將以上句子連成一篇語言流暢、用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯嚴(yán)密的短文。

Beinginagoodmoodisreallyessential,whichcanentertainusandcheerusup.Agood

moodwillimpressothersinapositivewaywhilealongfacewilldeserveothersleavingyou.

Laughingstockswillmakeuscrackasmile.Andhumourcanilluminateaperson'sdulllife.So

whenwearetoldofforfallbehind,whynotbeatthemwithagoodmood?

豐實(shí)底蘊(yùn)?素養(yǎng)融通教師備用

A趣談詞匯4

happyasaclam

“happyasaclam”意為“非常開心、快樂”，這個(gè)短語源于美國,目前仍是典型的美式英語。

它的完整表達(dá)是:Happyasaclamathightide,最早出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)初期，到了19世紀(jì)30年代，

后面的athightide被省略，短語正式變?yōu)閔appyasaclam。知道了完整形式，就不難理解為什

么“開心(happy)”會(huì)和“蛤蝌(clam)”扯上關(guān)系了□

lowtide(低潮)使蛤蝌很容易在沙灘上現(xiàn)身，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)、挖走它的幾率也就大大提高。而

hightide(高潮)可以讓蛤蝌安安穩(wěn)穩(wěn)被水覆蓋著，不用擔(dān)心突然有人把它從沙灘上挖走。所

以它在hightide的時(shí)候自然是很開心的——又安全，又舒服，絕對(duì)無憂無慮。到19世紀(jì)40

年代,happyasaclam在美國基本上已經(jīng)到達(dá)家喻戶曉的程度。大家講到“特別開心”的時(shí)候，

還是下意識(shí)地用happyasaclam。

舉個(gè)行（I子：Kevinisatypicalfamilyman.Aslongashegetstospendsomequalitytimewith

hiswifeandkidsonweekends,he*llbehappyasaclam.（Kevin是典型的家庭型男人。只要周

末能和妻子、孩子們好好相處一段時(shí)間，他就十分開心了。）

Stayawayfromjokesthatmakesomeoneloseface.Savingfaceisextremelyimportantin

China."Face”,inAsia,isusedtodescribereputation,influence,dignity,andhonor.You'llmake

themfeelincrediblyashamed.Theconceptof“Face"isasimportantinChinaasindependenceis

intheUS.Sowhilelosingself-respectisapersonaltragedyforWesterners,theChineseis

extremelyconcernedaboutlosingface.

Avoidjokingaboutsomeone'spersonallife.Romanticrelationshipsareaprivatematterin

China,andjokesabout

themareconsideredrude.Onlythebestfriendscanexchangethetypeofjokesyouhearina

typicalAmericansitcom.Onarelatednote,it'salsowisetoavoidjokingaboutsexuality.

ForWesterners,it'snormaltomockpoliticians,butinChina,youcanendupwalkingonthin

ice!AlthoughChinesepeoplefrequentlyusehumourtocommunicatetaboosubjects,Ihighly

suggestthatyounotattemptthis,especiallyatthebeginningofyourChineselearningjourney!

.......【譯文】...............................

中國式幽默的三個(gè)禁忌

遠(yuǎn)離那些讓人丟臉的笑話。在中國，保全面子是非常重要的。在亞洲，“面子”被用來形

容名譽(yù)、影響、尊嚴(yán)和榮譽(yù)。你會(huì)讓他們感到極其羞愧?！懊孀印边@個(gè)概念在中國就像“獨(dú)立”

在美國一樣重要。因此,對(duì)西方人來說，失去自尊是一種個(gè)人悲劇，而中國人則極度擔(dān)心丟面

子。

不要拿別人的私生活開玩笑。在中國，戀愛是一種隱私，有關(guān)戀愛的笑話被認(rèn)為是粗魯

的。只有最好的朋友才能交流你在美式情景喜劇中聽到的那種笑話。與此相關(guān)的是，避免拿

性開玩笑也是明智的。

對(duì)西方人來說，嘲笑政客很正常，但在中國,你可能會(huì)如履薄冰!雖然中國人經(jīng)常用幽默來

交流禁忌話題，但我強(qiáng)烈建議你不要嘗試，尤其是在你剛開始學(xué)習(xí)漢語的時(shí)候!

N單元過關(guān)檢測⑷時(shí)間：120分鐘0分值：150分

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

☆關(guān)注主書封底“3?2學(xué)習(xí)云空間”，免費(fèi)下載聽力材料音頻。

第一節(jié)（共5小題海小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最

佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)

話僅讀一遍。

l.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?

A.Writingareport.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Lookingfbranewspaper.

2.Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?

A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.

3.Whydoesthemantakeanumbrella?

A.Becauseit'srainingnow.

B.Becauseitwillrainsoon.

C.Becausehiswifedislikeswalkinginthesun.

4.Howmuchisthecheaperbook?

A.5dollars.B.15dollars.C.20dollars.

5.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Helikeshisnewjobverymuch.

B.Hemakesverylittlemoneynow.

C.Heisbusywithhisjobnow.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完

后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdidthemanthinkofthematch?

A.Itwasgreat.B.Itwasjustso-so.C.Itwasboring.

7,WhoisJenny?

A.Thewoman'sbestfriend.B.Theman*swife.C.Theman'ssister.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.What'stheweatherliketoday?

A.Fine.B.Rainy.C.Windy.

9.Whatwillthetwospeakersdotomorrow?

A.Goswimming.B.Goforapicnic.C.GotoJapan.

10.ForwhatdoesTomgotoJapan?

A.Tospendavacationwithhisgirlfriend.

B.Tovisithisgirlfriend'sparents.

C.Tovisithisfriends.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

1l.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Readingabook.B.Listeningtomusic.C.Playingcomputergames.

12.Whattimeisitnow?

A.About5:40pm.B.About6:00pm.C.About6:20pm.

13.Whafsthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Motherandson.B.Brotherandsister.C.Friends.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatdidtheoldladyprobablydo?

A.Shegavethemanalift.

B.Shegavethemansomemoney.

C.Sheaskedafriendtotakethemanhome.

15.Whycouldn'tthewomangotohelptheman?

A.Becauseshewasill.

B.BecauseshehadtolookafterMike.

C.Becauseshedidn'tknowwherethemanwas.

16.Whathappenedtotheman?

A.Helefthiswalletinataxi.

B.Hegotrobbedbyastranger.

C.Hiswalletwasstolen.

17.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?

A.Buyanewwallet.B.Answerthephone.C.Giveaphonecall.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Howdoesthespeakerandherbrothergotoschool?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.

19.Whichsubjectdoesthespeakerlikebest?

A.History.B.PE.C.Science.

20.Whendotheyusuallyhavesupper?

A.Atabout6:00pm.B.Atabout6:30pm.C.Atabout7:00pm.

金答案

l.A2.B3.C4.B5.C6.A7.B8.A9.B10.All.C12.A13.B14.B15.B

16.A17.B18.C19.A20.B

聽力材料

Text1

W:Hereistoday'snewspaper.

M:Putitonthetable,please.Filreaditafterfinishingmyreport.

Text2

W:Whatasurprise!Yougotoworkbybustoday.

M:Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar.Fvenochoice.

Text3

W:Ifsnotraining.Whydoyoutakeanumbrella?

M:Ifsformywife.Shedoesn'tlikewalkinginthesun.

W:Youaresuchagreathusband.

Text4

M:Sorry,butIdon'twantthisbook.Itcosts20dollars.That'stooexpensiveforme.

W:Whataboutthisone?It'sfivedollarscheaper.

M:OK.Isthereanydifferencebetweenthebooks?

W:Therearepicturesintheexpensiveone.

Text5

W:Howdoyoulikeyourjobintheshop?

M:Ilefttherehalfamonthago.Ionlyworkedthereforthreemonths.NowIworkinabig

company.

W:Doyoulikeyournewjob?

M:No.Ihavetoworkveryhard.Idon'thaveanytimeofmyown.

Text6

W:Howdidyoulikethematchlastnight?

M:Ihaven'tenjoyedsuchagreatmatchforyears.ButitwasapitythatIwatcheditalone.

W:Didn*tJennywatchitwithyou?

M:Sheneverwatchesfootballmatches.

W:Butdidn'tsheoftenwatchmatcheswithyoubeforeyougotmarried?

M:Womenchange!

Text7

W:Whatabeautifuldayforapicnic!

M:Youareright.Butitwillbetoohotintheafternoon.Howaboutgoingswimmingthis

afternoonandhavingapicnictomorrowmorning?

W:Thafsagoodidea.ShallweaskTomtogowithus?

M:OK.ButI'mafraidhecan*tgoforapicnicwithustomorrow.

W:Why?

M:HehastogotoJapantomorrow.

W:Doeshegotheretovisithisfriends?

M:No.Heisgoingtotakeavacationwithhisgirlfriend.

Text8

M:Stopsittinginfrontofthecomputer.You'vebeenplayingcomputergamesforhours.

W:It*srainingoutside.Pvenothingtodo.

M:Youcanreadabookorlistentomusic.Playingcomputergamesforsuchalongtimeisbadfbr

youreyes.

W:OK.Tilfollowyouradvice.Butletmeplayforhalfanhourmore.ThenIllstopandreada

book.

M:Whynotstopnow?Dadwillbehomeinabouttwentyminutes.

W:Howdoyouknowthat?

M:Dadcalledmeaboutanhourago.Hesaidhe*dbebackaroundsixo'clock.

W:It'salreadytimefbrsupper.Whatwillweeat?

M:Idon*tknow.Momisnotathome.Dadisn*tgoodatcooking.Perhapswelleatnoodlesagain.

W:Ihatethat.

Text9

W:Youtoldmeonthephoneyouhadnomoneyleftonyou.Howdidyougetback?

M:Anoldladygavemeahand.Withoutherhelp,Iwouldhavenomoneytotakethesubway.

W：rmsorryIwasunabletohelpyouout.

M:IfsOK.YouhadtolookafterMikeatthattime.Sohowishenow?

W:Hehasbecomemuchbetter.Buthe'llhavetostayinbedfortwomoredays.

M:Kidsbecomeilleasilyinfall.

W:Youareright.Sohaveyoureceivedanycallsaboutyourwallet?

M:No.Thetaxidrivermaynothavenoticedit,orapassengermayhavetakenitaway.

W:Don*tworry.Believetherearekind-heartedpeopleliketheoldlady.

M:Ihopeso.

W:Youarecarelesssometimes.Tmsureyou'llbecarefulfromnowon.

M:Youareright.Imustlearntobecareful.

W:Oh,yourphonerings.Perhapsthereisgoodnews.

Text10

W:Afterbreakfast,mydad,mymom,mybrotherandIallleavethehouseat8:30am.Dad

goestowork.Heworkswithcomputers.Mom,mybrotherandIwalktoschool.Aftermybrother

andIgettotheschool,mymomthencatchesabustoherworkplace.Sheworksinadifferent

schoolasamathematicsteacher.

Itakethepackedlunchtoschool,whichcontainsthingssuchassandwiches,fruitand

cookies.Iusuallyhavelunchatnoon.SometimesmyfriendsandIshareourfood.

Myfavoritesubjectatschoolishistory.Myfavoritetopicinitislearningabouttheancient

Egyptians.IalsoenjoyPElessonsandsciencelessons.Weplayfootball,basketball,volleyball

andsometimeswegorunningalongtherivernearourschool.

Mompicksusupfromschoolat3:15pm.Sometimeswegodowntowntotheshops.We

sometimeseatinafastfoodrestaurantthere.However,mostdayswegostraighthomeandmy

brotherandIwatchTV,orplaycomputergames.

Dadusuallygetshomeatabout6o'clock.Weeattogetheratabout6:30pm.Myfavorite

dishisfish.Ialsolikepizzawhichwehaveveryoften.

Aftersupper,mybrotherandIusuallydoourhomework.Wegotobedatabout10:00pm.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

（2020山東泰安期末）

Crafternoon

Time:Sunday,January19,2020,1:00PM

|—Location:EmmaClarkLibrary,120MainStreet,Setauket,NY11733

Warmupatthelibrary!ThiseventatEmmaClarkLibrarywouldbeanunforgettable

.4^experienceforyou.StopbyonSunday,January19anytimebetween1pmand3pmfor

thisfreecraftactivity!Allkidsarewelcome.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseemailus

at.

RollingRiverDayCampFamilyDay

Time:Sunday,January26,2020,11:00AM

Location:477OceanAvenue,EastRockaway,NY11518

ItistimeforyoutolearnmoreaboutSummerCamp2O2O.BringyourfamilytoRolling

BRiver'sFamilyDay!Itisaspecialopportunityforchildrentogetatasteofcampwhile

parentscanenjoyawonderfulweekend,too.Youmustpre-registertoattend.All

familiesthatregisterforCamp2020thatdaywillreceiveafreegift.

SuperBowl"Sunday”

Time:Sunday,February2,2020,2:00PM

Location:EmmaClarkLibrary,120MainStreet,Setauket,NY11733

Let'sbegintheSuperBowlweekendwithfootball-themedpartiesonSunday,February

2.SimplydropintotheChildren'sDepartmentatEmmaClarkLibrarybetweenthe

hoursof2:00—4:00pm.

Youcanplaygamesandhaveachancetowinaspecialprize.Itisaspecialevent

wheretheLibrarymanagerencouragesvisitorstowearashirtorjersey（運(yùn)動(dòng)衫）

emblazonedwiththeirfavoritefootballteam,butthisisnotrequired.Besuretocatch

thefun!Thereisnoregistration,andfamilieswithkidsofallagesarewelcome.

St.Gregory'sDay

Time:March8,2020,7:00PM—March18,2020,7:00PM

Location:87thAvenue&CrossIslandParkway,Bellerose,NY11426

Visitusat.Featuringlivemusicperformances,fun-filledgames

andfood,itwillofferdelightfulexperiencestoyou.Youwillenjoyrides,games,

prizes,well-knownliveentertainmentoutdoorsanddeliciousdishes.

21.Ifyouwanttoattend"RollingRiverDayCampFamilyDay”,youshould.

A.donateagiftfirst

B.makeregistrationearly

C.bedressedinashirtorjersey

D.visitfirst

22.Whatdothefirsteventandthethirdeventhaveincommon?

A.Theywillbeheldatthesametime.

B.Theysharethesameorganizer.

C.Theyhavethesamerequirements.

D.Theywillbeheldinthesameplace.

23.Whatcanwelearnabout"St.Gregory'sDay”?

A.Itwilllastmorethanoneweek.

B.Itismoresuitableforcampers.

C.Ithasspecialrequirementsforclothes.

D.Itsmostactivitieswillbeheldindoors.

0答案

［語篇解讀］本文主要向讀者介紹了四個(gè)可以參加的活動(dòng)，并介紹了活動(dòng)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及

活動(dòng)的主要內(nèi)容。

21.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"RollingRiverDayCampFamilyDay”可以定位答案在

RollingRiverDayCampFamilyDay中的Youmustpre-registertoattend.（你必須預(yù)先登記才

能參加。）故選B。

22.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章活動(dòng)一Craftemoon中的Location:EmmaClarkLibrary,120

MainStreet,Setauket,NY11733和活動(dòng)三SuperBowl"Sunday”中的Location:EmmaClark

Library,120MainStreet,Setauket,NY11733可知，第一個(gè)和第三個(gè)活動(dòng)的舉辦地點(diǎn)相同。故

選D。

23.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章St.Gregory'sDay中的Time:March8,2020,7:00PM—March

18,2020,7:00PM可知，該活動(dòng)舉辦時(shí)間是2020年的3月8日到2020年的3月18日。因此,

該活動(dòng)的舉辦時(shí)間超過一周。故選A。

B

（2020浙江臺(tái)州五校聯(lián)考）

ThereisanEnglishsayingthat“Laughteristhebestmedicine".Untilrecently,fewpeople

tookthesayingseriously.Now,however,doctorshavebeguntolookintolaughterandtheeffects

ithasonthehumanbody.Theyhavefoundthatlaughtercanreallyimprovepeople'shealth.

Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthehumanbody.Peoplewatched

funnyfilmswhiledoctorscheckedtheirhearts,bloodpressure,breathingandmuscles.Itwas

foundthatlaughterhadsimilareffectstophysicalexercise.Itincreasesbloodpressure,makesthe

heartbeatquickerandmakespeoplebreathedeeper;italsoworksonseveralgroupsofmusclesin

theface,thestomach,andeventhefeet.Iflaughterexercisesthebody,itmustbebeneficial.

Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstobeabletoreducetheeffectsofpainonthe

body.Inoneexperiment,doctorsproducedpainingroupsofstudentswholistenedtodifferent

radioprograms.Thegroupthattoleratedthepainforthelongesttimewasthegroupwhich

listenedtoafunnyprogram.Thereasonwhylaughtercanreducepainseemstobethatithelpsto

produceakindofchemicalinthebrainwhichdiminishesbothstressandpain.

Asaresultofthesediscoveries,somedoctorsintheUnitedStatesnowholdlaughter

clinics（診所），inwhichtheyhelptoimprovetheirpatients1conditionbyencouragingthemto

laugh.Theyhavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonotreallyfeellikelaughing,makingthem

smileisenoughtoproducebeneficialeffectssimilartothosecausedbylaughter.

24.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?

A.Laughterisgoodforhealth.

B.Laughterhelpstoreducepain.

C.Laughtercanmakeyoubecomeoldquickly.

D.Laughter,justlikephysicalexercise,isgoodforourbodies.

25.Theunderlinedword“diminishes“inthethirdparagraphmeans“"?

A.delaysB.preventsC.increasesD.reduces

26.Whydosomedoctorsholdlaughterclinics?

A.Becausetheywanttoearnmoremoney.

B.Becausetheywanttoimprovetheirpatients*condition.

C.Becausetheywanttheirpatientstopracticehowtolaugh.

D.Becausetheythinktheywillhelpthepatientsrecoverfromillness.

27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Laughteristhebestmedicine

B.Laughtercanreducetheeffectsofpain

C.Laughterclinicshelppatientsimprovetheircondition

D.Bothlaughterandphysicalexercisearegoodforhealth

*答案

［語篇解讀］本文通過研究說明“笑是最佳靈藥”這句諺語很有科學(xué)道理。醫(yī)生們著眼于笑

對(duì)人體的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)笑真的可以改善人們的健康狀況。

24.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知A項(xiàng)正確;由第二段第三句可知D項(xiàng)正確;由

第三段第一句可知B項(xiàng)正確。故選C。

25.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstobeable

toreducetheeffectsofpainonthebody.（其他實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，笑似乎能夠減輕疼痛對(duì)身體的影響。）,

再結(jié)合畫線詞所在句子可知，笑可以幫助大腦產(chǎn)生一種減輕壓力和疼痛的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。

diminish意為"減輕故選D。

26.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的…inwhichtheyhelptoimprovetheirpatients'

conditionbyencouragingthemtolaugh和Theyhavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonot

reallyfeellikelaughing,makingthemsmileisenoughtoproducebeneficialeffectssimilarto

thosecausedbylaughter.可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使他們的病人并不是真的想笑，讓他們微笑就足以

產(chǎn)生與笑類似的有益效果。所以一些醫(yī)生開辦笑聲診所的原因是他們想改善病人的健康狀

況。故選B。

27.A主旨大意題。從第一段中的Laughteristhebestmedicine以及下文的陳述可知，本文

通過研究得出“笑是最佳靈藥”的結(jié)論。故選A。

c

（2020天津六校聯(lián)考高二上學(xué)期期中）

Jennywasdrivinghersix-year-oldson,Tony,tohispianolesson.Theywerelate,andJenny

wasbeginningtothinksheshouldhavegivenitup.Therewasalwayssomuchtodo,andJenny

recentlyhelpedwithanoperation.Shewastired.Thestormandicyroadsaddedtohertension.

Maybesheshouldturnthecararound.

"Mom!"Tonycried."Look!”Justaheadacarhadlostcontrolonthepatchofice.AsJenny

tappedthebrakes,theothercarwildlyrolledover;thenitcrashedsidewaysintoatelephonepole.

Jennypulledover,stoppedandthrewopenherdoor.Thankgoodnesssheknewherjob

well一shemightbeabletohelptheseunfortunatepassengers.Thenshepaused.WhataboutTony?

Shecouldn'ttakehimwithher.Littleboysshouldn'tseesceneslikethat.Butwasitsafetoleave

himalone?Whatiftheircarwerehitfrombehind?ForabriefmomentJennyconsideredgoingon

herway.

SheaskedTonytostayinthecarandran,slippingandsliding,towardthecrashsite.Itwas

worsethanshe'dfeared.Twogirlsofhighschoolageinthecar,onewaskilled.Thedriver,

however,wasstillbreathing.Jennyquicklyappliedpressuretothewoundintheteenager'shead

whileherpracticedeyecheckedtheotherinjuries.Abrokenleg,maybetwo,alongwithprobable

internalbleeding.Butifhelpcamesoon,thegirlwouldlive.

Atruckerhadpulledupandwascallingforhelponhiscellphone.Soonambulancesand

rescueworkerscame."Goodjob,“onesaidwhileexaminingthewounds."Youprobablysaved

herlife!59LaterthefamiliesofthevictimscametomeetJenny,expressingtheirgratitudefbrthe

helpshehadoffered.

28.WhatwasJennydoingwhentheaccidenthappened?

A.Shewashelpingwithanoperation.

B.Shewasdrivingtoherson'slesson.

C.Shewasdrivinghomewithherson.

D.Shewasmakingatelephonecallforhelp.

29.Thecaraccidentwascausedby.

A.thetirednessofthedriver

B.thetruckerwhowastelephoningwhiledriving

C.thestudents*carelessdriving

D.badweatherandterribleroadconditions

30.Beforegoingtorescuethewounded,Jennyworriedalotabout.

A.herpoorskillsofsavingpeople

B.herlittleson'ssafetyinthecar

C.herlittleson*spianolesson

D.thestudentskilledintheaccident

31.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.thedrivercouldbesavedthankstoJenny'stimelyhelp

B.therewereatleasttwodeathsinthecaraccident

C.Jennywastoblamefortheterriblecaraccident

D.Tonywasontimeforhispianolesson

“答案

［語篇解讀］這篇短文主要講述了Jenny在送兒子去學(xué)鋼琴的路上遇見了一場車禍，在危急

情況下救助傷者的故事。

28.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Jennywasdrivinghersix-year-oldson,Tony,tohis

pianolesson.可知，在Jenny送兒子去上鋼琴課的路上遇見了一場車禍。故選B。

29.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Justaheadacarhadlostcontrolonthepatchofice.可知,

當(dāng)天下雪，路面太滑，導(dǎo)致車失控發(fā)生了車禍。故選D。

30.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thenshepaused.WhataboutTony?Shecouldn'ttake

himwithher.Littleboysshouldn'tseesceneslikethat.Butwasitsafetoleavehimalone?What

iftheircarwerehitfrombehind?ForabriefmomentJennyconsideredgoingonherway.（然后她

停頓了一下,托尼怎么辦?她不能帶他一起去。小男孩不應(yīng)該看到那樣的場景。但是讓他一

個(gè)人待著安全嗎?如果他們的車從后面被撞了呢?珍妮考慮了一會(huì)兒要繼續(xù)前行。）可知，在

搶救傷員之前，珍妮非常擔(dān)心她兒子的安全。故選B。

31.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Youprobablysavedherlife!^^Laterthefamiliesofthe

victimscametomeetJenny,expressingtheirgratitudeforthehelpshehadoffbred.（"你可能救了

她的命!”后來遇難者家屬來見珍妮，對(duì)她提供的幫助表示感謝。）可知，因?yàn)镴enny及時(shí)的幫

助，司機(jī)有可能得救。故選A。

D

（2020福建漳州五校聯(lián)考）

Antsaregoodnavigators（導(dǎo)航員）.Theyoftentravellongdistancestosearchforfoodand

carryitbacktotheirnests.Buthowdotheydoit?

Aninternationalteamofscientists,includingresearchersattheUniversityofEdinburgh,UK,

hasrecentlycomeupwithanexplanation.Accordingtothefindings,antsusevisual（視覺的）

memoriesoftheirenvironmentsandthesun'spositiontofindtheirwayhome.Andtheycaneven

doitwhiletravelingbackwards.

TheresearchersstudiedagroupofdesertantsinSeville,Spain.Thestudy'spurposewasto

findouthowantsnavigatewhentheycanypiecesoffoodofdifferentsizes.

Tomakeitwork,thescientistsfirsttrainedtheantstofollowaparticularpathbackhome,

includingachallenging90-degreeturn.Thentheantsweregiveneitherasmalloralargepieceof

foodtotesttheirnavigationalskills.

Antswithsmallpiecesoffoodwalkedforwardandclearedthe90-degreeturnjustfine.

However,thosewithlargerpiecessometimeshadtoturnbackwardstodragthem.Generally,

theseantswouldsetoffinthecorrectdirection.Butiftheystayedtoolonginthebackward

position,theywouldmissthecorrectturntoreachthenest.

Interestingly,notallofthebackward-walkingantswerethatstubborn.Somewoulddropthe

foodsometimestochecktheirsurroundings.Soafterturningbacktopickuptheirfood,theants

wouldfindthemselvesbackontherightpath.

BarbaraWebb,aprofessorfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh'sSchoolofInformatics,said

thefindingscouldhelppeoplemakesmarterrobotsinthefuture.

""Understandingtheirbehaviorgivesusnewinsightsintobrainfunctionsandhasinspiredus

tobuildrobotsystemsthatcopytheirfunctions,9,shetoldtheBBC.

Scientistshavebeenabletocopytheneural（神經(jīng)的）networkintheant'sbrain.Thehopeis

toinventrobotsthatcanexplorebythemselvesinnaturalareassuchasforests.

32.Accordingtothenewstudy,ants.

A.mainlydependonlocallandmarkstoguidethemhome

B.cannotnavigatewellwhentheyarecairyingfoodwiththem

C.prefertotravelingroupstoavoidbeinglostonlong-distancejourneys

D.usethesun'spositionandvisualmemoriesoftheirsurroundingstonavigate

33.Whydotheresearchersstudydesertants?

A.Tofindouthowantsfindtheirwayhome.

B.Tofindouthowantscarrypiecesoffood.

C.Tostudywhetherantstravelbackwards.

D.Tostudywhetherantsusetheirsenseofsight.

34.Whatinspirationdotheresearchersgetfromtheirfindings?

A.Robotscanbeusedtoexploretheforest.

B.Ants*neuralnetworkcanbemovedintorobots.

C.Thefindingshelpunderstandhumans1brainfunctionsbetter.

D.Peoplecanmakeclevererrobotsthroughimitatingants*brainfunctions.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Ants'navigationalskillsandtheirpossibleapplication

B.Ants'travelinghabitsandbrainfunctions

C.Howantscarryfoodpiecesofvarioussizes

D.Howscientiststestants1skills

看答案

［語篇解讀］本文是一篇科普文，講述了螞蟻利用對(duì)環(huán)境和太陽位置的視覺記憶來尋找回家

的路。它們甚至可以在返回時(shí)找到回家的路?？茖W(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠復(fù)制螞蟻大腦中的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)

絡(luò),希望能發(fā)明出能夠在森林等自然區(qū)域自主探索的機(jī)器人。

32.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的Accordingtothefindings,antsusevisual（視覺的）

memoriesoftheirenvironmentsandthesun'spositiontofindtheirwayhome.（根據(jù)研究結(jié)果，螞

蟻利用對(duì)環(huán)境和太陽位置的視覺記憶來尋找回家的路。）可知，根據(jù)新的研究,螞蟻利用太陽

的位置和對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的視覺記憶來導(dǎo)航。故選D。

33.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的Thestudy'spurposewastofindouthowants

navigatewhentheycarrypiecesoffoodofdifferentsizes.（這項(xiàng)研究的目的是找出螞蟻攜帶不

同大小的食物時(shí)的導(dǎo)航方式。）可知，研究人員研究沙漠螞蟻是為了找出螞蟻如何找到回家

的路。故選A。

34.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Understandingtheirbehaviorgivesusnewinsights

intobrainfunctionsandhasinspiredustobuildrobotsystemsthatcopytheirfunctions（T解它們

的行為給我們提供了對(duì)大腦功能的新見解，并激勵(lì)我們建立模仿它們功能的機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)。）

可知，通過模仿螞蟻的大腦功能，人們可以制造出更聰明的機(jī)器人。故選Do

35.A推理判斷題。本文講述了螞蟻利用對(duì)環(huán)境和太陽位置的視覺記憶來尋找回家的路，它

們甚至可以在倒著走時(shí)找到回家的路?？茖W(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠復(fù)制螞蟻大腦中的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，希望

能發(fā)明出能夠在森林等自然區(qū)域自主探索的機(jī)器人。結(jié)合第一段中的Antsaregood

navigators.Theyoftentravellongdistancestosearchforfoodandcarryitbacktotheirnests.和

最后一段內(nèi)容可知，文章主題是研究螞蟻的導(dǎo)航能力以及如何將其運(yùn)用到機(jī)器人上,A項(xiàng)作

為文章題目最為合適。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多

余選項(xiàng)。

（2020北京一零一中學(xué)期中）

Howto