江蘇省揚(yáng)州市寶應(yīng)縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中檢測(cè)英語試題【含答案解析】

2023—2024學(xué)年度高二下學(xué)期期中檢測(cè)卷英語（試卷滿分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whathasthemanlost?A.Acoat.B.Abutton.C.Awallet.2.Whichkindofskilldoesthemanwanttopractice?A.Writing.B.Reading.C.Speaking.3.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?AUseonlinetools.B.Admithismistake.C.Createanewcharacter.4.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Repairtheirhouse.B.Goonvacation.C.Buyacamera.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ameeting.B.Anemail.C.Aphone.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onafarm.B.Byariver.C.Inarestaurant.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Drinksomething.B.Feedthechickens.C.Picksomevegetables.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomanlikelearninginaclassroom?A.Shelikestalkingwithherfellowstudents.B.Shecanseethingswrittenontheblackboard.C.Sheenjoysaskingherteacherquestionsinperson.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hekeepscats.B.Heisateacher.C.Hehaspooreyesight.10.WhatsubjectdoesMrs.Smithprobablyteach?A.Art.B.Math.C.Computerscience.聽第8段材料，回答第11全13題.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.CallthepowercompanyB.Wearmoreclothes.C.Searchforajob.12.Howmuchhavetheenergypricesincreased?A.By15%.B.By20%.C.By50%.13.Howdoesthewomanfeelattheendoftheconversation?A.Angry.B.Helpless.C.Thankful.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatistheprobablerelat?onshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Co-workers.C.Strangers.15.WhyisthemanlookingforMatt?A.Toreviewfiresafetyrules.B.Togooverareport.C.Togoforcoffee.16.Whattimeisitnow?A.1:00p.m.B.5:00p.m.C.6:00p.m.17.Whichstairsarethenearesttothespeakersinthebuilding?A.Theonesinthesouth.B.Theonesinthewest.C.Theonesintheeast.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakerprobablydoing?A.Acceptinganaward.B.Givingaretirementspeech.C.Makingaweddingannouncement.19.Wherewillthepartytakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Onabeach.C.Inagarden.20.Whatdoesthespeakerplantodo?A.Buyanewhouse.B.Movetoadifferentcity.C.Createartwithhiswife.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhat’sonGenuinewordsArtCritiqueattheArtMuseumoftheBeijingFineArtAcademyisauniqueshowthatputstheworksofresidentpaintersandthecritiques(評(píng)論)ofscholars(學(xué)者)together.Thepaintersarefromtheacademy’sfourworkshopsonoilpaintingandthreetypesofChinesepaintings—mountainandwater,flowerandbird,andfigure.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.12ChaoyangParkNanlu,Chaoyangdistrict,Beijing.SmalllandscapesWanderingontheEarthisashowoflandscapesfromthecollectionoftheNationalArtMuseumofChina,whichincludesmanyattractivescenesfromaroundtheworld.RunningattheNationalArtMuseumofChina,theshowawakensafeelingofwoyou,anoldtermthatreferstothejourneytakenintheminduponappreciatingalandscapepainting.9am-5pm,closedonMondays.1WusiDajie,Dongchengdistrict,Beijing.GallopinglinesTheTianjinMuseumtraces(追溯)thedevelopmentofChinesecalligraphyduringtheMingandQingdynastiesinashowofitscollectionfromtheperiod.Developingoverthousandsofyears,calligraphybecameanimportantpartofChineseart.9am–5pm,closedonMondays.62PingjiangDao,Hexidistrict,Tianjin.WanderingstrokesInherpaintings,YuLiantriestovisualize(使形象化)XiaoyaoYou,atextfromZhuangzi,abookaboutthethoughtsoftheTaoistphilosopherZhuangzi,wholivedaroundthe4thcenturyBC.Yuisalwaysbusywithpainting,andshesharesherworksinhershow,PaintingZhuangzi,attheTodayArtMuseum.ShemanagestoexplainZhuangzi’sTaoistideasinherpaintings.10am-6pm,closedonMondays.32BaiziwanLu,Chaoyangdistrict,Beijing.1.Whatisspecialabouttheshowat12ChaoyangParkNanlu?A.Itshowscommentsaboutthepaintings.B.Itletspeoplecommentonthepaintings.C.Itinvitesresidentpaintersandscholars.D.ItshowsthreetypesofChinesepaintings.2.Wherecanyouenjoypaintingsshowingthebeautyofforeigncountries?A.AttheTianjinMuseum.B.AttheTodayArtMuseum.C.AttheNationalArtMuseumofChina.D.AttheArtMuseumoftheBeijingFineArtAcademy.3.WhatdoesYuLianwanttodothroughherpaintings?A.Shareherpaintingskillswithotherpainters.B.Showtheimportanceofreadingbooks.C.Visualizethestoriesoffamousbooks.D.ShowideasofaTaoistphilosopher.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)美術(shù)展各自的特點(diǎn)、時(shí)間以及展出地點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章部Genuinewords分講到“ArtCritiqueattheArtMuseumoftheBeijingFineArtAcademyisauniqueshowthatputstheworksofresidentpaintersandthecritiques(評(píng)論)ofscholars(學(xué)者)together.(北京美術(shù)學(xué)院美術(shù)館的《藝術(shù)評(píng)論》是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的展覽，將常駐畫家的作品與學(xué)者的評(píng)論結(jié)合在一起)”可知，朝陽公園南路12號(hào)的演出的特別之處是上面有對(duì)這些畫的評(píng)論。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章Smalllandscapes部分講到“WanderingontheEarthisashowoflandscapesfromthecollectionoftheNationalArtMuseumofChina,whichincludesmanyattractivescenesfromaroundtheworld(《流浪地球》是中國(guó)美術(shù)館收藏的一場(chǎng)風(fēng)景秀，其中包括許多來自世界各地的迷人景色)”可知，在中國(guó)美術(shù)館可以欣賞到展示外國(guó)美景的畫作。故選C。3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章Wanderingstrokes部分講到“Inherpaintings,YuLiantriestovisualize(使形象化)XiaoyaoYou,atextfromZhuangzi,abookaboutthethoughtsoftheTaoistphilosopherZhuangzi,wholivedaroundthe4thcenturyBC.(在她的繪畫中，于蓮試圖將《逍遙游》形象化，這是一本關(guān)于道家哲學(xué)家莊子思想的書，莊子生活在公元前4世紀(jì)左右)”可知，于蓮想通過自己的繪畫展示道家哲學(xué)家的思想。故選D。BItwasthemiddleofthenightwhenBibiBahrami’sfatherawokeherandtherestofthefamily,tellingthemtheymustleavetheirhomeimmediatelybecausehercountry,Afghanistan,wasbeinginvaded.Bahrami,onlyateenageratthetime,remembersbeinginastateofshock.“Wejustputourshoesonandwewereallcrying.Wedidn’twanttoleavehome.Wedidn’tknowwhereweweregoingtoendup,”Bahramisaid.Thefamilyspentthenextsixyearslivinginarefugee(難民)campinPakistan.Lifewashard,butBahrami’sfamilymadethemostofit.Theyeventuallymadeasortof“mudhouse”.MuchlikelifeinAfghanistan,however,girlsintherefugeecampdidnotattendformalschool.Aftergettingmarried,BahramimovedtotheUS,whichprovidedBahramiwithalotofexperiencesthatwouldn’tbeavailabletoherbackhome.“Ihaddaycareformychildren,andIcouldstillstudyandgotoschool.Iwassoinspiredbytheopportunity.AndIsayIwanttodothisforthegirlswhoareleftbehind,”shesaid.HenceAfghanWomen’sAndKids’Education&Necessities(AWAKEN)wasfounded.Thefirstprojectwasbuildingaschoolthatbothboysandgirlscouldattend.“Ifeelgirls’educationissoimportant.Theycaneducatetheirchildrenandthensociety,”shecontinued.In2021,BahramistartedanewprojectMARRC,whichhelpsAfghanrefugeesfindhousing,jobsandsupport.Sofartheyhavetakeninaround28families.Frima,26,justarrivedinMunciewithher2-year-oldson.Herlifewasindangerbecausesheworkedatafamily-focusednon-profit—whichwasstrictlyforbiddenthen.Sheleftherhusbandbehind,notknowingwhentheywouldmeetagain.ButthankstoBahrami,theyoungmotherishopefulforthefuture.“InAfghanistan,andinmanyothercountries,womenhavesuffered.It’stimefortheworldtorecognizethevaluesofwomen,”Bahramisaid.“Ifeelthatsometimeswomenaredisadvantagedandnotrespectedinsocietiesandthosethingshurtmyheart.Wehaveourrightsandthisshouldbeappreciated.”4.HowdidBahramifeelafterhearingherfather’swords?A.Calmandspeechless. B.Excitedandhopeful.C.Surprisedandupset. D.Confusedandregretful.5.WhydidBahramisetupAWAKEN?A.Toincreasejobopportunities. B.Toprovidechildcareforrefugees.C.Tohelpgirlsreceiveaneducation. D.TohelprefugeesmovetoAmerica.6.HowhastheprojectMARRCaffectedFrima?A.Shehasfoundajobatanon-profit. B.Shehasbeenpositiveaboutherlife.C.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement. D.Shehasbeenreunitedwithherhusband.7.WhatdidBahramiintendtocommunicateinthelastparagraph?A.Womenshouldbetreatedfairly. B.Womenmakeadifferenceinsociety.C.Womencanberolemodelsinsociety. D.WomeninAfghanistansufferthemost.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了Bahrami經(jīng)歷了阿富汗戰(zhàn)亂后，創(chuàng)立“阿富汗婦女和兒童教育和必需品”項(xiàng)目幫助女孩接受教育以及MARRC項(xiàng)目幫助難民改善生活，并呼吁公平對(duì)待女性?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Bahrami,onlyateenageratthetime,remembersbeinginastateofshock.“Wejustputourshoesonandwewereallcrying.Wedidn’twanttoleavehome.Wedidn’tknowwhereweweregoingtoendup,”Bahramisaid.(當(dāng)時(shí)只有十幾歲的Bahrami還記得當(dāng)時(shí)的震驚?！拔覀冎皇谴┥闲樱覀兌伎蘖?。我們不想離開家。我們不知道我們會(huì)在哪里結(jié)束，”Bahrami說。)”可知，聽到父親的話后，Bahrami感到驚訝和不安。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的““Ihaddaycareformychildren,andIcouldstillstudyandgotoschool.Iwassoinspiredbytheopportunity.AndIsayIwanttodothisforthegirlswhoareleftbehind,”shesaid.HenceAfghanWomen’sAndKids’Education&Necessities(AWAKEN)wasfounded.

(“我的孩子有日托服務(wù)，我仍然可以學(xué)習(xí)和上學(xué)。這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)讓我很受鼓舞。我說，我想為那些被遺忘的女孩做這件事?！币虼耍⒏缓箣D女和兒童教育和必需品項(xiàng)目(AWAKEN)成立了。第一個(gè)項(xiàng)目是建立一所男孩和女孩都能上學(xué)的學(xué)校。“我覺得女孩的教育非常重要。他們可以教育自己的孩子，然后教育社會(huì)，”她繼續(xù)說道。)

”可知，Bahrami設(shè)立這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是為了幫助女孩接受教育。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“ButthankstoBahrami,theyoungmotherishopefulforthefuture.

(但多虧了Bahrami，這位年輕的母親對(duì)未來充滿了希望。)”可知，F(xiàn)rima對(duì)自己的生活充滿樂觀。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’stimefortheworldtorecognizethevaluesofwomen,”Bahramisaid.“Ifeelthatsometimeswomenaredisadvantagedandnotrespectedinsocietiesandthosethingshurtmyheart.Wehaveourrightsandthisshouldbeappreciated.”(他說：“在阿富汗和許多其他國(guó)家，婦女遭受苦難。是時(shí)候讓世界認(rèn)識(shí)到女性的價(jià)值了。”“我覺得有時(shí)女性在社會(huì)中處于不利地位，不受尊重，這些事情讓我很傷心。我們有自己的權(quán)利，這一點(diǎn)應(yīng)該得到重視?！?”可知，Bahrami想表達(dá)的是婦女應(yīng)該得到公平對(duì)待。故選A。CEvenbeforeMollyJohnson-JonesgraduatedfromOxfordUniversityin2015,shefeltprofessionalpressuretolanda“prestigious(享有聲望的)”jobinahigh-poweredindustry.Shesayssheandheruniversityfriendsfelttherewereprofessionsthatcarriedprestige—particularlythefieldsoffinance,medicineandlaw.That’swhyJohnson-Jonesendedupininvestmentbankingfortwoyearsonceshegraduated,eventhoughitdidn’tfeellikequitetherightfit.Thesekindsof“verytraditionalindustries”haveindeedcarriedprestige,saysJonahStillman,co-founderofGenGuru,afirmthatfocusesondifferentgenerationsintheworkplace.AsGenZjoinstheworkforce,however,expertsandyoungerworkerssaywhat’sconsidereda“prestigious”jobmaybeexpanding.Someyoungerworkersdostillreportmakingmoneyisprestigious,especiallyascostoflivingshootsup;andworkingforcertainfirmsorinspecificindustriescanmakeacareer.Butmanyalsoplaceequalstressonotherelements,suchasvaluesofthecompany,flexibility,andfreedomfromlong,intenseworkhours.AndsomedataindicatesthatGenZareindeedturningtomoremeaningfulwork.April2023datafromLinkedInofmorethan7,000globalworkersshows64%ofGenZersintheUK,GermanyandIrelandnowconsideritimportanttoworkforcompaniesthatsharetheirvalues.Thedataalsoshowstheseyoungworkershighlightwork-lifebalanceandcareergrowthastopdrawsforpotentialworkplaces.ThischangeinGenZ’sattitudetowardsworkmaybeinpartbecausemechanisms(機(jī)制)behindfindingjobsandseeingotherpossiblecareerpathsarechanging,saysJoshGraff,managingdirectorofEMEAandLATAMatLinkedIn.Withagreaternumberofjobsbeingpostedonline,“peoplehavesomuchmoreaccesstoinformationtodaythanwedidwhenwewereapplyingforajob20-plusyearsago…Thisallowsyoutohavemuchbettervisibilityintoawealthofroles,”hesays.“Thatchangeintheworkplace,intheworkforce…isleadingpeopletounderstandthere’sawiderrangeofoptionsoutthere.”8.WhydidJohnson-Jonesendupininvestmentbanking?A.Shehadapassionforfinance. B.Shewantedtomakealotofmoney.C.Shefoundherselfwellsuitedforthecareer. D.Shefeltpressuretotakeupahighly-regardedjob.9.Whatisthemainpointofparagraph2?A.Makingmoneyisstillthemainconcernofyoungerworkers.B.GenZersarenotinterestedintraditional“prestigious”jobs.C.Thedefinitionofa“prestigious”jobischangingforyoungerworkers.D.Short-timeworkisstillconsideredprestigiousforyoungerworkers.10.WhatdomostGenZersintheUK,GermanyandIrelandconsiderimportantwhenitcomestowork?A.Whethertheycanhaveagoodjobtitle.B.Whethertheycanreceiveagoodsalary.C.Whethercompanies’valuesareinlinewiththeirs.D.Whethertheyhaveenoughopportunitiestosocialize.11.WhatmaybecontributingtothechangeinGenZ’sattitudetowardswork?A.Thechangingjobsearchmethods.B.Alackofhigh-payingjobsintraditionalindustries.C.Agrowingstressoncompanies’socialresponsibility.D.Increasedaccesstoinformationaboutpotentialcareerpaths.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了年輕人如今對(duì)于擁有聲望的傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)的看法以及一些數(shù)據(jù)表明，Z世代確實(shí)在轉(zhuǎn)向更有意義的工作。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Shesayssheandheruniversityfriendsfelttherewereprofessionsthatcarriedprestige—particularlythefieldsoffinance,medicineandlaw.That’swhyJohnson-Jonesendedupininvestmentbankingfortwoyearsonceshegraduated,eventhoughitdidn’tfeellikequitetherightfit.(她說，她和她的大學(xué)朋友們覺得有些職業(yè)是有聲望的，尤其是金融、醫(yī)藥和法律領(lǐng)域。這就是為什么約翰遜-瓊斯畢業(yè)后在投資銀行工作了兩年，盡管她覺得自己并不適合這份工作)”可知，約翰遜-瓊斯結(jié)束了投資銀行業(yè)的工作是因?yàn)樗X得接受一份有聲望的工作很有壓力。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesekindsof“verytraditionalindustries”haveindeedcarriedprestige,saysJonahStillman,co-founderofGenGuru,afirmthatfocusesondifferentgenerationsintheworkplace.AsGenZjoinstheworkforce,however,expertsandyoungerworkerssaywhat’sconsidereda“prestigious”jobmaybeexpanding.Someyoungerworkersdostillreportmakingmoneyisprestigious,especiallyascostoflivingshootsup;andworkingforcertainfirmsorinspecificindustriescanmakeacareer.Butmanyalsoplaceequalstressonotherelements,suchasvaluesofthecompany,flexibility,andfreedomfromlong,intenseworkhours.(GenGuru的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人喬納?斯蒂爾曼表示，這些“非常傳統(tǒng)的行業(yè)”確實(shí)擁有聲望。GenGuru是一家專注于職場(chǎng)中不同年齡群體的公司。然而，隨著Z世代加入職場(chǎng)，專家和年輕員工表示，被認(rèn)為是“有聲望”的工作可能會(huì)擴(kuò)大。一些年輕的員工仍然認(rèn)為賺錢是一種榮耀，尤其是在生活成本飆升的情況下；在特定的公司或特定的行業(yè)工作可以成為一種職業(yè)。但許多人也同樣重視其他因素，比如公司的價(jià)值觀、靈活性，以及擺脫長(zhǎng)時(shí)間高強(qiáng)度工作的自由)”可知，第二段的要點(diǎn)是對(duì)年輕員工來說，“有聲望的”工作的定義正在發(fā)生變化。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“April2023datafromLinkedInofmorethan7,000globalworkersshows64%ofGenZersintheUK,GermanyandIrelandnowconsideritimportanttoworkforcompaniesthatsharetheirvalues.(2023年4月，領(lǐng)英對(duì)全球7000多名員工的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在英國(guó)、德國(guó)和愛爾蘭，64%的z世代員工現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為為與自己價(jià)值觀相同的公司工作很重要)”可知，在英國(guó)、德國(guó)和愛爾蘭，大多數(shù)Z世代認(rèn)為工作中最重要的是公司的價(jià)值觀是否與他們一致。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withagreaternumberofjobsbeingpostedonline,“peoplehavesomuchmoreaccesstoinformationtodaythanwedidwhenwewereapplyingforajob20-plusyearsago…Thisallowsyoutohavemuchbettervisibilityintoawealthofroles,”hesays.“Thatchangeintheworkplace,intheworkforce…isleadingpeopletounderstandthere’sawiderrangeofoptionsoutthere.”(他說，隨著越來越多的職位在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布，“與20多年前我們求職時(shí)相比，如今人們獲得信息的渠道要多得多……這讓你能夠更好地了解大量的職位。工作場(chǎng)所和勞動(dòng)力的變化……讓人們意識(shí)到，有更廣泛的選擇?！?”可知，獲取潛在職業(yè)道路信息的渠道增加導(dǎo)致了Z世代對(duì)工作態(tài)度的改變。故選D。DBeingabletoresisthurricane-forcewindsisthekeytoanextendedlifeformanybuildingsontheEasternSeaboardandGulfCoastoftheUS.Determiningtherightlevelofwindstodesignforisdifficult,butsupportfromartificialintelligence(AI)mayofferasimplesolution.Equippedwith100yearsofhurricanedataandmodernAItechniques,researchersattheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)havecreatedanewmethodofdigitallysimulating(模擬)hurricanes.Stateandlocallawsrelatedtobuildingdesignandconstructionpointdesignerstostandardizedmaps.Onthesemaps,engineerscanfindthelevelofwindtheirstructuremustbeabletodealwithbasedonitslocationanditsrelativeimportance.Thewindspeedsinthemapscamefromscoresofhypothetical(假定的)hurricanessimulatedbycomputermodels.“Thesimulatedstorms,iftheybehavelikerealhurricanes,canbeusedtocreatethedatainthemapsalmostdirectly,”aresearchersaid.Intheresearch,thestudymaterialcameintheformoftheNationalHurricaneCenter’sAtlanticHurricaneDatabase2(HURDAT2),whichcontainsinformationabouthurricanesgoingbackmorethan100years.Theresearcherssplitdataonmorethan1,500stormsintosetsfortrainingandtestingtheirmodel.Whenchallengedtosimulateboththepathandspeedofhistoricalstormsithadnotseenbefore,themodelscoredhighly.Theresearchersalsousedthemodeltogeneratesetsof100years’worthofhypotheticalstorms.Itproducedthesimulationsinamatterofseconds,andtheresearcherssawalargedegreeofoverlap(重疊)withthegeneralbehavioroftheHURDAT2storms,suggestingthattheirmodelcouldrapidlyproducecollectionsofrealisticstorms.Sincethemodel’sunderstandingofstormsisconfinedtohistoricaldatafornow,itcannotsimulatetheeffectsthatclimatechangewillhaveonstormsofthefuture.However,theresearchersbelievethatwindmapsbasedontheirmodelwouldbetterreflectreality.Theyalsosuggestthatsimulatingasmanyrealistichurricanesaspossiblewiththenewapproachcanhelpdevelopimprovedguidelinesfordesigningbuildingsinregionsoftenattackedbyhurricanes.12.Howcanthenewmethodhelpextendthelifeofmanybuildings?A.Bycorrectlypredictingfuturehurricanepatterns.B.Byrecommendingproperbuildingmaterialstodesigners.C.Byprovidingaccuratewindspeedinformationfordesigners.D.Bygatheringdataondifferentkindsofweatherconditions.13.Whatdidresearchersusetheirmodeltodo?A.Findouttheregularityofhurricanes.B.AddhistoricalhurricanedatatoHURDAT2.C.Examinetheeffectofhurricanesonclimatechange.D.TestthepossibilityofusingAItoproducerealisticstorms.14.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“confinedto”inthelastparagraph?A.appliedto B.attachedto C.limitedto D.comparedto15.Howdotheresearchersfeelaboutthemodel?A.Confident. B.Worried. C.Doubtful. D.Disappointed.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了研究人員利用人工智能和歷史颶風(fēng)數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)造了新的數(shù)字模擬方法，有助于改進(jìn)建筑設(shè)計(jì)指南，提供更準(zhǔn)確的風(fēng)速信息來延長(zhǎng)建筑物的使用壽命。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Beingabletoresisthurricane-forcewindsisthekeytoanextendedlifeformanybuildingsontheEasternSeaboardandGulfCoastoftheUS.Determiningtherightlevelofwindstodesignforisdifficult,butsupportfromartificialintelligence(AI)mayofferasimplesolution.(能夠抵御颶風(fēng)強(qiáng)度的風(fēng)是延長(zhǎng)美國(guó)東海岸和墨西哥灣沿岸許多建筑使用壽命的關(guān)鍵。很難確定正確的設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)力水平，但人工智能的支持可能會(huì)提供一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的解決方案。)”可知，人工智能通過為設(shè)計(jì)者提供準(zhǔn)確的風(fēng)速信息來幫助延長(zhǎng)許多建筑物的使用壽命。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Theresearchersalsousedthemodeltogeneratesetsof100years’worthofhypotheticalstorms.Itproducedthesimulationsinamatterofseconds,andtheresearcherssawalargedegreeof

overlapwiththegeneralbehavioroftheHURDAT2storms,suggestingthattheirmodelcouldrapidlyproducecollectionsofrealisticstorms.(研究人員還使用該模型生成了一組100年的假設(shè)風(fēng)暴。它在幾秒鐘內(nèi)完成了模擬，研究人員看到了很大程度的重疊，這表明他們的模型可以快速生成真實(shí)風(fēng)暴的集合。)

”可知，研究人員使用該模型是為了測(cè)試使用人工智能生成逼真風(fēng)暴的可能性。故選D?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Sincethemodel’sunderstandingofstormsis

confinedtohistoricaldatafornow,itcannotsimulatetheeffectsthatclimatechangewillhaveonstormsofthefuture.

(由于該模型對(duì)風(fēng)暴的理解目前……歷史數(shù)據(jù)，因此無法模擬氣候變化對(duì)未來風(fēng)暴的影響。)”可知，該模型無法模擬氣候變化對(duì)未來風(fēng)暴的影響，說明它目前還限于根據(jù)歷史已有數(shù)據(jù)做出判斷，而無法預(yù)測(cè)未來，因此“l(fā)imitedto”可以解釋劃線短語，意為“限于”。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“However,theresearchersbelievethatwindmapsbasedontheirmodelwouldbetterreflectreality.Theyalsosuggestthatsimulatingasmanyrealistichurricanesaspossiblewiththenewapproachcanhelpdevelopimprovedguidelinesfordesigningbuildingsinregionsoftenattackedbyhurricanes.(然而，研究人員認(rèn)為，基于他們模型的風(fēng)圖會(huì)更好地反映現(xiàn)實(shí)。他們還建議，用新方法模擬盡可能多的真實(shí)颶風(fēng)，有助于為經(jīng)常遭受颶風(fēng)襲擊的地區(qū)制定更好的建筑設(shè)計(jì)指南。)”可知，研究人員對(duì)該模型充滿信心。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Adultsgenerallydislikegettingolder.___16___It’snosurprise,then,thatmanykidslookforwardtotheirbirthdays,especiallythe16thbirthday.ForgirlsinAmerica,a“Sweet16”birthdayisanimportantrite(儀式)ofpassagethatcelebratesapproachingadulthood.IntheUnitedStates,the16thbirthdayisamarkthatagirlhascomeofage.Sheisnotalegaladultyet,butat16,manygirlscanbegintolearntodrive.___17___Formanyyouths,the16thbirthdayisacelebrationofwomanhoodandmarkstheendofthegirl’schildhood.Societyandmediaoftenputgreatimportanceonagirl’s16thbirthday.___18___Bothofthemhavegreatpersonalimportance.Theythinkoftheir16thbirthdayslikewomenthinkoftheirweddings.___19___Theeventcanbeheldinagarden,aparkorsomewhereelse.Often,agirlhasbeenplanningher16thbirthdaypartyforlongandhasaveryspecificideaaboutwhatshewantsandwhoshewantstoinvite.Aslongasshedoesn’twastemoney,lettingagirlplanher16thbirthdayisagreatwaytolethercreativityandpersonalityshine.Therearemanytheoriesabouthowthesweet16thbirthdaycameintobeing.MostconnectthebirthdaycelebrationwiththeMexicanQuinceanera,whichtakesplaceonagirl’s15thbirthday,orEuropeanancientcoming-of-agecelebrations.___20___A.Sheisstilljustalittlekid.B.Manypartiesshowagirl’sinterest.C.However,kidsfind“growingup”exciting.D.Thebigpartofasweet16thbirthdayistheparty.E.Theycangetjobsandtakeotheradultresponsibilities.F.Nomatterwherethecelebrationbegan,ithasbecomeatradition.G.Manymoviesshowgirls’16thbirthdaysarejustasimportantasgraduations.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了美國(guó)女孩16歲生日的重要性，為此要舉行派對(duì)慶?；顒?dòng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Adultsgenerallydislikegettingolder.

(成年人通常不喜歡變老。)”和下文的“It’snosurprise,then,thatmanykidslookforwardtotheirbirthdays,especiallythe16thbirthday.ForgirlsinAmerica,a“Sweet16”birthdayisanimportant

rite

ofpassagethatcelebratesapproachingadulthood.(因此，許多孩子期待他們的生日，尤其是16歲的生日，這并不奇怪。對(duì)于美國(guó)女孩來說，“甜蜜的16歲”生日是慶祝成年的重要儀式。)”可知，C項(xiàng)(然而，孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)“成長(zhǎng)”是令人興奮的。)與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明了成人和孩子在面對(duì)生日時(shí)不同的態(tài)度和反應(yīng)，下文指出了孩子是因?yàn)榕瓮扇瞬牌诖盏牡絹?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“IntheUnitedStates,the16thbirthdayisamarkthatagirlhascomeofage.Sheisnotalegaladultyet,butat16,manygirlscanbegintolearntodrive.(在美國(guó)，16歲生日是女孩成年的標(biāo)志。她還不是法定的成年人，但到了16歲，許多女孩就可以開始學(xué)開車了。)”和下文的“Formanyyouths,the16thbirthdayisacelebrationofwomanhoodandmarkstheendofthegirl’schildhood.(對(duì)許多年輕人來說，16歲生日是對(duì)女性的慶祝，標(biāo)志著女孩童年的結(jié)束。)”可知，E項(xiàng)(他們可以找到工作，承擔(dān)其他成人的責(zé)任。)承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明了女孩達(dá)到16歲后可以做的事情，看得出孩子是盼望的，下文的信息體現(xiàn)出了這一點(diǎn)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Societyandmediaoftenputgreatimportanceonagirl’s16thbirthday.(社會(huì)和媒體通常非常重視女孩的16歲生日。)”和下文的“Bothofthemhavegreatpersonalimportance.Theythinkoftheir16thbirthdayslikewomenthinkoftheirweddings.(兩者都具有重要的個(gè)人意義。他們想到16歲生日就像女人想到自己的婚禮一樣。)”可知，G項(xiàng)(許多電影顯示，女孩的16歲生日和畢業(yè)一樣重要。)承接上文，舉例說明了女孩的16歲生日的重要性，以支持段首句的說法，下文的兩者指的是該項(xiàng)提到的“生日和畢業(yè)”。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文的“Theeventcanbeheldinagarden,aparkorsomewhereelse.Often,agirlhasbeenplanningher16thbirthdaypartyforlongandhasaveryspecificideaaboutwhatshewantsandwhoshewantstoinvite.Aslongasshedoesn’twastemoney,lettingagirlplanher16th

birthdayisagreatwaytolethercreativityandpersonalityshine.(活動(dòng)可以在花園、公園或其他地方舉行。通常，一個(gè)女孩已經(jīng)為她的16歲生日派對(duì)計(jì)劃了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，并且對(duì)于她想要什么和她想邀請(qǐng)誰有一個(gè)非常具體的想法。只要她不浪費(fèi)錢，讓一個(gè)女孩計(jì)劃她的16歲生日是一個(gè)讓她的創(chuàng)造力和個(gè)性發(fā)光的好方法。)”可知，D項(xiàng)(一個(gè)甜蜜的16歲生日最重要的部分就是派對(duì)。)能夠作為話題句，引出下文對(duì)于生日派對(duì)重要性的說明。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Therearemanytheoriesabouthowthesweet16thbirthdaycameintobeing.MostconnectthebirthdaycelebrationwiththeMexicanQuinceanera,whichtakesplaceonagirl’s15thbirthday,orEuropeanancientcoming-of-agecelebrations.

(關(guān)于甜蜜的16歲生日是如何產(chǎn)生的，有很多理論。大多數(shù)人將生日慶祝活動(dòng)與墨西哥的成人禮(在女孩的15歲生日舉行)或歐洲古代的成年慶?；顒?dòng)聯(lián)系在一起。)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)(無論慶?；顒?dòng)起源于哪里，它都已成為一種傳統(tǒng)。)承接上文，指出上文提到的生日慶?；顒?dòng)的起源地雖然不能準(zhǔn)確予以確認(rèn)，但已經(jīng)傳承下來。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenfamilymemberssharedstoriesofHodyduringhisfuneral,theywereinforasurprise.Theylearneda___21___he’dkeptforyearsandsawjusthow___22___hewas,notonlytothembuttotheirwholetown.ThefamilylearnedthatHodyhadbeen___23___moneytoGeraldineDrugsforanyonewhoactuallyneededhelpinpayingfortheir___24___.“Hestartedmakingdonations___25___aboutsevenoreightyearsagoand___26___anonymous(匿名的),”BrookeWalker,thepharmacy(藥店)owner,said.Overtimethefundgrewtothousandsofdollars,andthustherewasenoughmoneytohelptwopeoplepermonthwholackedinsuranceto___27___theirprescriptions.Inlate2022,Hody’shealthchangedduetohisfightwithhealthproblems.Hesensedhewasapproachingthe___28___ofhisdayshere.Withitbecomingtoughertogetaround,heneededsomeoneto___29___hismissionofdeliveringhis$100billtoGeraldineDrugs.Hepassedthe___30___ontohisdaughterTania.TaniatoldBrookethatshewas___31___ofhisactionsallthistime,saying,“Iwas___32___—Ihadnoideathathewashelpingpeopleatthedrugstore.”HodydiedonNewYear’sDay,2023.The80-year-old’skindheartdefinitely___33___manypeopleinhiscommunity.Brookesaidthatmanypeoplehe’dhelpedoften___34___topayitforwardforsomeoneelse.Theyevenofferedtoputmoneybackintothefund.Thespiritof___35___continued.21.A.lesson B.belief C.journal D.secret22.A.humorous B.special C.rude D.mean23.A.donating B.adding C.awarding D.lending24.A.services B.meals C.medicines D.tickets25.A.daily B.monthly C.weekly D.yearly26.A.appeared B.proved C.remained D.became27.A.cover B.check C.switch D.receive28.A.rest B.top C.beginning D.end29.A.setup B.kickoff C.takeover D.carryout30.A.bill B.task C.tradition D.message31.A.afraid B.sure C.tired D.unaware32.A.shocked B.frightened C.ashamed D.annoyed33.A.comforted B.attracted C.blessed D.entertained34.A.promised B.returned C.refused D.pretended35.A.creating B.learning C.trying D.giving【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是