高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案30選修6Unit5Thepowerofnatur練習(xí)含解析新人教版

一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(高中)PAGEPAGE1選修六Unit5ThepowerofnatureⅠ.完形填空(2021·合肥市質(zhì)檢)MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout.Asalittlekid,singingandtryingoutfortheschoolplayreallymademe1.D.Therewasnothingthatcouldkeepmeawayfrommy2.Cuntilmiddleschool.Everyeighthgraderwhowantedtobeinthemiddleschoolshowchoir3.Atheaudition(試唱)foraprogram.Whenitwasmy4.Dtoentertheroom,Igotvery5.C—mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced.Theaudition6.Blikethis:theintroduction,thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck—thechoirdirectorplayedanoteonthepianowhichIhadto7.A.BeforeIknewit,theauditionwasover.Ifeltnothingbut8.B,forthevibrato(顫音)wasamazingandIalsohitevery9.A.Weekspassedandthelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted.WhenIwas10.Dtheshowchoirlist,Ifoundmyname.11.C,thiswasn'twhatIhadexpected.“Angelica—alternate(候補(bǔ)者)．”Analternate?Wasmyauditionthat12.B?Ithoughttomyself.AfterIsawthis,my13.Ddisappeared.MyoutsideshowedIwasn't14.Abutontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup.Ihadno15.Coftakingtheshowchoiratall.Ayearlater,onedayIwasatarestaurantthatheldkaraoketothecustomers.Myparentsbeggedmetogoupandsing.IsaidnoatfirstbutfinallyIgotenough16.Atogoup.Itmademe17.Catthebeginning,butIstartedoffmysongandgainedmoreconfidenceasIcontinued.WhenIhitthehighnotesin“IknowI'mnottheonlyone”,thepeopleeatingcheeredforme.I18.BIhadn'tgotintooneprogrambutthatdidnotmeanIhadtogiveupallhope,andthatI19.Dhadthatpassion.ThelessonIlearnedwasifyouare20.Bordonotgettheoutcomeyouwant,anditissomethingyou'reinlovewith,don'tgiveup.文章大意：作者從小非常熱愛音樂，但是在八年級時參加學(xué)校表演合唱團(tuán)試唱卻成為候補(bǔ)者的經(jīng)歷，讓作者備受打擊，自信心受挫，甚至不打算參加表演合唱團(tuán)了。一年之后，作者在一家餐館的演唱讓作者重獲信心，同時也得到了這樣的教訓(xùn)：當(dāng)在自己熱愛的事情上被拒絕或沒有得到自己想要的結(jié)果時，不要放棄。1．A.stressed B．quietC．confused D．happy〖解析〗根據(jù)上句“MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout”可知，作者非常熱愛音樂，由此可知，唱歌和參加學(xué)校戲劇演員甄選真的讓作者很開心(happy)。stressed“焦慮不安”。2．A.adventure B．curiosityC．passion D．sympathy〖解析〗根據(jù)上文中的“MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout”可知，作者視音樂如生命，沒有什么能夠阻擋她對音樂的熱愛(passion)。3．A.attended B．heldC．passed D．a(chǎn)bandoned〖解析〗結(jié)合語境和常識可知，想要進(jìn)入校表演合唱團(tuán)的話，需要參加一個節(jié)目的試唱。4．A.duty B．privilegeC．habit D．turn〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，參加試唱的學(xué)生需要依次進(jìn)行試唱。此處表示該輪到作者進(jìn)入房間了。privilege“特權(quán)，榮幸”不符合語境。5．A.calm B．touchedC．nervous D．a(chǎn)ngry〖解析〗根據(jù)空后的“mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced”可知，作者感到非常緊張。6．A.ended B．wentC．occurred D．changed〖解析〗根據(jù)本句中的“theintroduction，thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck”可知，這是試唱的基本流程。go“進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行”符合語境。7．A.match B．takeC．learn D．review〖解析〗根據(jù)本句中的“therangecheck”并結(jié)合語境和常識可知，在試唱的音域檢查環(huán)節(jié)，當(dāng)合唱團(tuán)的負(fù)責(zé)人在鋼琴上彈奏一個音調(diào)的時候，試唱者需要匹配該音調(diào)。8.A．guilt B．reliefC．regret D．pain〖解析〗根據(jù)本句中的“forthevibrato(顫音)wasamazing”可知，盡管試唱前很緊張，但試唱后作者覺得自己表現(xiàn)不錯，所以感到寬心(relief)。guilt“內(nèi)疚，悔恨”。9．A.note B．targetC．post D．wall〖解析〗結(jié)合語境可知，作者對自己的試唱感到滿意，她的顫音令人驚嘆，并且她唱準(zhǔn)了每個音調(diào)。10．A.drawingup B．handinginC．takingdown D．lookingthrough〖解析〗根據(jù)上句中的“thelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted”可知，錄取名單公布后，作者去看自己的名字是否在名單上。lookthrough“瀏覽，快速查看”符合語境。drawup“起草，擬訂”；handin“上交，提交”；takedown“取下，記錄”。11．A.Otherwise B．ThereforeC．However D．Instead〖解析〗結(jié)合空處前后的內(nèi)容“Ifoundmyname”和“thiswasn'twhatIhadexpected”可知，盡管作者的名字在名單上，但是并不是自己期待的那樣，前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折，故選C。12．A.familiar B．terribleC．impressive D．natural〖解析〗結(jié)合上文可知，作者對自己的試唱感到滿意，結(jié)果卻以候補(bǔ)者的身份被選中，所以作者暗想：“難道我的試唱那么糟糕嗎？”。13．A.patience B．imaginationC．independence D．confidence〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，作者對自己的試唱感到滿意，但在看了錄取名單后發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果不是自己期待的那樣，于是自信心消失了。14．A.sad B．coolC．serious D．grateful〖解析〗根據(jù)空后的“butontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup”可知，作者表面上表現(xiàn)出不傷心的樣子，但內(nèi)心卻已崩潰。15．A.wisdom B．chanceC．intention D．impression〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，作者自信心消失，內(nèi)心崩潰，因此都不計劃再去參加表演合唱團(tuán)了。16．A.courage B．knowledgeC．luck D．permission〖解析〗結(jié)合下文中的“Istartedoffmysong”可知，起初作者拒絕上臺演唱，但是最終有了足夠的勇氣上臺。17．A.march B．relaxC．sweat D．complain〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，作者由于之前的經(jīng)歷自信心不足，因此上臺唱歌之初，還有些緊張冒汗(sweat)。march“前進(jìn)”。18．A.doubted B．realizedC．promised D．a(chǎn)dvocated〖解析〗結(jié)合語境可知，當(dāng)作者唱準(zhǔn)高音時，聽眾為她歡呼，這令作者意識到：沒有參加一個節(jié)目并不意味著自己應(yīng)該放棄所有的希望，自己仍然擁有對音樂的熱愛。19．A.just B．yetC．even D．still〖解析〗參見上題〖解析〗。20．A.laidoff B．turneddownC．lookeddownon D．madefunof〖解析〗根據(jù)上文所述的作者未被校表演合唱團(tuán)正式錄取而是成為候補(bǔ)者以及之后的經(jīng)歷可知，作者得到了這樣的教訓(xùn)：當(dāng)在自己熱愛的事情上被拒絕或沒有得到自己想要的結(jié)果時，不要放棄。layoff“解雇”；turndown“拒絕”。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2020·四川綿陽市一診)Wheatisamainsourceoffoodforpeopleacrosstheplanet,accountingforafifthofthecaloriesconsumedglobally.But,asaresultofclimatechange,scientistsbelievemostpartsoftheworldwherethecropisgrownwillbehitbywatershortagesbytheendofthecentury.AndtheU．S.couldbeamongthecountriesworstaffected,theauthorsoftheresearchpublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancestoldNewsweek.Ifclimatechangeisn'tdealtwith,bytheyear2100,60percentofareasthatgrowwheatwillbehitbywaterscarcity—upfromthecurrentlevelof15percent,accordingtotheinternationalteamofscientists.Co-authorsMiroslavTmkaandSongFengtoldNewsweekthatintheirpreviousresearch,theyhadshownclimatechangemaycausesoiltobecomelessmoist(濕潤的)acrossmostmainlandU．S.states,includingthosewherewheatisgrown.Asaresult,theU．S.couldbe“oneofthetopmostaffectedwheatproducers”intermsoftheincreaseinareasaffectedbyseveredroughts,theysaidinajointstatement.Worryingly,existingresearchhaspredicteda4.0to6.5percentdropinglobalwheatproductionper1degreeCelsiusofwarmingifclimatechangeisn'teased.Andit'sunlikelythatwheatcanbereplacedifwaterbecomesscarce,asit'snotasthirstyasothercropsandcandowithoutwaterforarelativelylongperiodoftime.“Ifmultipleregionsareaffectedbydroughtatthesametime,itmightbedifficulttomeetthedemandevenifthetraderoutesstayopenandarenotrestrictedbygovernmentalmeasures，”warnedFengandTrnka.However,theysaid,“Studiesshowthatifwecontinuouslyimprovethesustainabilityandtechnologiesinthecomingdecadesandallowforinternationaltrade,wemayovercomethenegativeimpactsofclimatechange.”文章大意：本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為由于氣候變化，到本世紀(jì)末，世界上大部分種植小麥的地區(qū)將受到缺水的影響而知，如果氣候變化得不到緩解，全球小麥的產(chǎn)量將會減少。1．Howwillclimatechangehurtwheatproduction？BA．Byraisinggroundtemperature.B．Byreducingwatersupply.C．Bypollutingthesoil.D．Byfloodingthefield.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，由于氣候變化，小麥種植地將受到缺水的影響，又根據(jù)第四段可知，缺水會影響小麥產(chǎn)量。故選B。2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3？CA．WheatproductioncauseddroughtsinmostmainlandU．S.states.B．TheUnitedStatesisthebiggestwheatproducerintheworld.C．TheUnitedStateswillsuffermostfromclimatechange.D．ClimatechangeiscloselywatchedbyAmericanscientists.〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“theU，S.couldbe‘oneofthetopmostaffectedwheatproducers’”可推知，美國將在氣候變化中受到很大影響。故選C。3．Whyiswheatunlikelytobereplacedbyothercropsinadrought？DA．Itistheprimaryfoodformostcountries.B．Itisnotinfluencedbyglobalwarming.C．Itiswidelygrowninmostcountries.D．Itneedslesswaterthanothercrops.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，小麥不像其他作物那樣那么需要水，在相當(dāng)長的一段時間內(nèi)沒有水也能生存，因此小麥不太可能被其他作物取代。故選D。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？BA．Health. B．Science.C．Education. D．Entertainment.〖解析〗文章出處題。通讀全文可知，這是一篇有關(guān)氣候變化對小麥產(chǎn)量的影響的文章，由此可推知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學(xué)版塊。故選B。B(2021·北京市豐臺區(qū)期末)Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons，sometimesasmuchasthreeextraweeksayear.Allthattimehelpstreesgrowfaster.Forthepast100years，treeshavebeenexperiencingfastgrowthintemperateregionsfromMarylandtoFinland，toCentralEurope，wherethegrowthrateofsometreeshasevenspedupnearly77%since1870.Assumingwoodisjustasstrongtoday，thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber(木材)forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe?HansPretzsch，aforestscientistattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichinGermany，andhiscolleagueswantedtofindananswer.TheycarriedoutastudyoftheforestsofCentralEurope.Theystartedwith41experimentalplotsinsouthernGermany，someofwhichhavebeencontinuouslymonitoredsince1870.Pretzschandhisteamtookcoresamplesfromthetrees—whichincludedNorwayspruce，sessileoak，Europeanbeech，andScotspine—andanalyzedthetreeringsusingahigh-frequencyprobe.Theyfoundthatinallfourspecies，wooddensityhasdecreasedby8%to12%，theyreportonlineinForestEcologyandManagement.“Weexpectedatrendofthewooddensitylikethis，butnotsuchastrongandsignificantdecrease，”Pretzschsays.Increasingtemperatures，andthefastergrowththeyspur，probablyaccountforsomeofthedrop.Anotherfactor，Pretzschsays，ismorenitrogeninthesoilfromagriculturalfertilizer(化肥)andvehicleexhaust.Previousstudieshavelinkedincreasedfertilizerusetodecreasedwooddensity.Aboveall，thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures—combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms—aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable.“Iamgettingworried，”saysRichardHoughton，anecologistattheWoodsHoleResearchCenterinFalmouth，Massachusetts，whowasnotpartofthenewstudy.Asthedensityofthesamplesdropped，sodidtheircarboncontent，byabout50%.Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide(CO2)thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。對森林的研究表明，氣候變暖會改變木材的質(zhì)量?！皹湓絹碓酱?，但樹也越來越脆弱”。5．Paragraph1iswrittentoB.A．proveanideaB．introduceatopicC．giveanexampleD．describeafact〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Assumingwoodisjustasstrongtoday，thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber(木材)forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe？”“假設(shè)木材的強(qiáng)度和今天一樣高，這些收益將意味著更多的木材用于建筑、燃燒和儲存從大氣中捕獲的碳。但是木材真的像以前那樣密度大嗎？”可知，第一段是為了引出一個主題。故選B。6．ThestudyoftheforestsshowsC.A．farmingslowstrees'growthB．moreareasarecoveredwithforestsC．warmingchangesthequalityofwoodD．pollutionleadstohighertemperatures〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話“...thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures—combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms—aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable.”“研究表明，高溫——再加上汽車尾氣和農(nóng)場的污染——使木材變得更脆弱，導(dǎo)致樹木更容易折斷，木材更不耐用?！笨芍瑢ι值难芯勘砻?，氣候變暖會改變木材的質(zhì)量。故選C。7．WhatHoughtonsayssuggestsA.A．greatlossmightbecausedB．stormdamagecanbepreventedC．thesizeofforestsmightbeincreasedD．lessgreenhousegasescanbesentout〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話“Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide(CO2)thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.”“霍頓說，這意味著森林可能遭受更多風(fēng)暴的破壞，吸收溫室氣體二氧化碳(CO2)的效率可能低于科學(xué)家的預(yù)期。”可知，霍頓所說的話意味著可能會造成巨大的損失。故選A。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？DA．WeonlyhaveoneearthB．Trees—ourbestfriendsC．TheinfluenceofclimatechangeD．Treesaregettingbigger，butweaker〖解析〗標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons，sometimesasmuchasthreeextraweeksayear.Allthattimehelpstreesgrowfaster.”“隨著全球氣溫上升，世界各地的樹木正在經(jīng)歷更長的生長季節(jié)，有時一年多出三周。所有這些時間幫助樹木長得更快。”和第三段中“...thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures—combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms—aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable.”“研究表明，高溫——再加上汽車尾氣和農(nóng)場的污染——使木材變得更脆弱，導(dǎo)致樹木更容易折斷，木材更不耐用。”可知，本文講述的是“樹越來越大，但樹也越來越脆弱”。故選D。Ⅲ.短文改錯(2020·惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研考試)Tosupporttheactivityname“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Italktomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,saytheywouldnotdriveworkfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,astheypromised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,butweallfelthappily.LastFriday,theclassmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedourthoughtduringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesameviewwhichenvironmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.〖答案〗Tosupporttheactivityeq\o(name,\s\do8(named))“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Ieq\o(talk,\s\do8(talked))tomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,eq\o(say,\s\do8(saying))theywouldnotdriveeq\o(∧,\s\do8(to))workfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,aseq\o(they,\s\do8(we))promised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,butweallfelteq\o(happily,\s\do8(happy)).LastFriday,eq\o(the,\s\do8(a))classmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedoureq\o(thought,\s\do8(thoughts))duringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesamevieweq\o(which,\s\do8(that))environmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.文章大意：這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和父母為了支持“綠色出行，從我做起”的環(huán)?；顒?，采用騎自行車和乘坐公交車的方式上學(xué)上班的故事?！冀馕觥?．考查過去分詞作定語。句意：為了支持名叫“綠色出行，從我做起”的活動，我和父母談?wù)摿宋业南敕?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，name(命名)用非謂語動詞形式，它的邏輯主語activity(活動)和它之間是被動關(guān)系，要用過去分詞。故將name改為named。2．考查時態(tài)。句意：為了支持名叫“綠色出行，從我做起”的活動，我和父母談?wù)摿宋业南敕?。?lián)系下文可知，本文講述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)該用一般過去時。故將talk改為talked。3．考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。句意：他們非常支持，說以后他們再也不開車上班了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中“say”是非謂語動詞，它的邏輯主語they和它之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故將say改為saying。4．考查固定搭配。句意：他們非常支持，說以后他們再也不開車上班了。根據(jù)句意，“開車去上班”的固定表達(dá)為drivetowork。故在drive后加to。5．考查人稱代詞。句意：在接下來的幾周，正如我們所承諾的那樣，我每天騎自行車上學(xué)，而我的父母坐公交上班。該句陳述了“我”和父母共同的行為，所以應(yīng)該用“我們”來指代。故將they改為we。6．考查固定用法。句意：雖然很累，但我們感覺很開心。根據(jù)although不能和but連用的原則，所以本句應(yīng)刪除but。故刪除we前的but。7．考查形容詞。句中的felt是感官動詞，其后接形容詞作表語。故將happily改為happy。8．考查冠詞。句意：上周五，召開了一次班會。根據(jù)句意，此處不是特指，且meeting是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，故用不定冠詞a。故將the改為a。9．考查可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)。句意：在會議上我們分享了我們的想法。句中的thought是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意“我們的想法”應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將thought改為thoughts。10．考查同位語從句。句意：我們所有人都持同樣的觀點(diǎn)，那就是環(huán)保對于我們的生活很重要。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，view后面是同位語從句，對其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明作用，且從句的成分和意思都完整，所以用連接詞that。故將which改為that。選修六Unit5ThepowerofnatureⅠ.完形填空(2021·合肥市質(zhì)檢)MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout.Asalittlekid,singingandtryingoutfortheschoolplayreallymademe1.D.Therewasnothingthatcouldkeepmeawayfrommy2.Cuntilmiddleschool.Everyeighthgraderwhowantedtobeinthemiddleschoolshowchoir3.Atheaudition(試唱)foraprogram.Whenitwasmy4.Dtoentertheroom,Igotvery5.C—mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced.Theaudition6.Blikethis:theintroduction,thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck—thechoirdirectorplayedanoteonthepianowhichIhadto7.A.BeforeIknewit,theauditionwasover.Ifeltnothingbut8.B,forthevibrato(顫音)wasamazingandIalsohitevery9.A.Weekspassedandthelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted.WhenIwas10.Dtheshowchoirlist,Ifoundmyname.11.C,thiswasn'twhatIhadexpected.“Angelica—alternate(候補(bǔ)者)．”Analternate?Wasmyauditionthat12.B?Ithoughttomyself.AfterIsawthis,my13.Ddisappeared.MyoutsideshowedIwasn't14.Abutontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup.Ihadno15.Coftakingtheshowchoiratall.Ayearlater,onedayIwasatarestaurantthatheldkaraoketothecustomers.Myparentsbeggedmetogoupandsing.IsaidnoatfirstbutfinallyIgotenough16.Atogoup.Itmademe17.Catthebeginning,butIstartedoffmysongandgainedmoreconfidenceasIcontinued.WhenIhitthehighnotesin“IknowI'mnottheonlyone”,thepeopleeatingcheeredforme.I18.BIhadn'tgotintooneprogrambutthatdidnotmeanIhadtogiveupallhope,andthatI19.Dhadthatpassion.ThelessonIlearnedwasifyouare20.Bordonotgettheoutcomeyouwant,anditissomethingyou'reinlovewith,don'tgiveup.文章大意：作者從小非常熱愛音樂，但是在八年級時參加學(xué)校表演合唱團(tuán)試唱卻成為候補(bǔ)者的經(jīng)歷，讓作者備受打擊，自信心受挫，甚至不打算參加表演合唱團(tuán)了。一年之后，作者在一家餐館的演唱讓作者重獲信心，同時也得到了這樣的教訓(xùn)：當(dāng)在自己熱愛的事情上被拒絕或沒有得到自己想要的結(jié)果時，不要放棄。1．A.stressed B．quietC．confused D．happy〖解析〗根據(jù)上句“MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout”可知，作者非常熱愛音樂，由此可知，唱歌和參加學(xué)校戲劇演員甄選真的讓作者很開心(happy)。stressed“焦慮不安”。2．A.adventure B．curiosityC．passion D．sympathy〖解析〗根據(jù)上文中的“MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout”可知，作者視音樂如生命，沒有什么能夠阻擋她對音樂的熱愛(passion)。3．A.attended B．heldC．passed D．a(chǎn)bandoned〖解析〗結(jié)合語境和常識可知，想要進(jìn)入校表演合唱團(tuán)的話，需要參加一個節(jié)目的試唱。4．A.duty B．privilegeC．habit D．turn〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，參加試唱的學(xué)生需要依次進(jìn)行試唱。此處表示該輪到作者進(jìn)入房間了。privilege“特權(quán)，榮幸”不符合語境。5．A.calm B．touchedC．nervous D．a(chǎn)ngry〖解析〗根據(jù)空后的“mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced”可知，作者感到非常緊張。6．A.ended B．wentC．occurred D．changed〖解析〗根據(jù)本句中的“theintroduction，thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck”可知，這是試唱的基本流程。go“進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行”符合語境。7．A.match B．takeC．learn D．review〖解析〗根據(jù)本句中的“therangecheck”并結(jié)合語境和常識可知，在試唱的音域檢查環(huán)節(jié)，當(dāng)合唱團(tuán)的負(fù)責(zé)人在鋼琴上彈奏一個音調(diào)的時候，試唱者需要匹配該音調(diào)。8.A．guilt B．reliefC．regret D．pain〖解析〗根據(jù)本句中的“forthevibrato(顫音)wasamazing”可知，盡管試唱前很緊張，但試唱后作者覺得自己表現(xiàn)不錯，所以感到寬心(relief)。guilt“內(nèi)疚，悔恨”。9．A.note B．targetC．post D．wall〖解析〗結(jié)合語境可知，作者對自己的試唱感到滿意，她的顫音令人驚嘆，并且她唱準(zhǔn)了每個音調(diào)。10．A.drawingup B．handinginC．takingdown D．lookingthrough〖解析〗根據(jù)上句中的“thelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted”可知，錄取名單公布后，作者去看自己的名字是否在名單上。lookthrough“瀏覽，快速查看”符合語境。drawup“起草，擬訂”；handin“上交，提交”；takedown“取下，記錄”。11．A.Otherwise B．ThereforeC．However D．Instead〖解析〗結(jié)合空處前后的內(nèi)容“Ifoundmyname”和“thiswasn'twhatIhadexpected”可知，盡管作者的名字在名單上，但是并不是自己期待的那樣，前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折，故選C。12．A.familiar B．terribleC．impressive D．natural〖解析〗結(jié)合上文可知，作者對自己的試唱感到滿意，結(jié)果卻以候補(bǔ)者的身份被選中，所以作者暗想：“難道我的試唱那么糟糕嗎？”。13．A.patience B．imaginationC．independence D．confidence〖解析〗根據(jù)語境可知，作者對自己的試唱感到滿意，但在看了錄取名單后發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果不是自己期待的那樣，于是自信心消失了。14．A.sad B．coolC．serious D．grateful〖解析〗根據(jù)空后的“butontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup”可知，作者表面上表現(xiàn)出不傷心的樣子，但內(nèi)心卻已崩潰。15．A.wisdom B．chanceC．intention D．impression〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，作者自信心消失，內(nèi)心崩潰，因此都不計劃再去參加表演合唱團(tuán)了。16．A.courage B．knowledgeC．luck D．permission〖解析〗結(jié)合下文中的“Istartedoffmysong”可知，起初作者拒絕上臺演唱，但是最終有了足夠的勇氣上臺。17．A.march B．relaxC．sweat D．complain〖解析〗根據(jù)上文可知，作者由于之前的經(jīng)歷自信心不足，因此上臺唱歌之初，還有些緊張冒汗(sweat)。march“前進(jìn)”。18．A.doubted B．realizedC．promised D．a(chǎn)dvocated〖解析〗結(jié)合語境可知，當(dāng)作者唱準(zhǔn)高音時，聽眾為她歡呼，這令作者意識到：沒有參加一個節(jié)目并不意味著自己應(yīng)該放棄所有的希望，自己仍然擁有對音樂的熱愛。19．A.just B．yetC．even D．still〖解析〗參見上題〖解析〗。20．A.laidoff B．turneddownC．lookeddownon D．madefunof〖解析〗根據(jù)上文所述的作者未被校表演合唱團(tuán)正式錄取而是成為候補(bǔ)者以及之后的經(jīng)歷可知，作者得到了這樣的教訓(xùn)：當(dāng)在自己熱愛的事情上被拒絕或沒有得到自己想要的結(jié)果時，不要放棄。layoff“解雇”；turndown“拒絕”。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2020·四川綿陽市一診)Wheatisamainsourceoffoodforpeopleacrosstheplanet,accountingforafifthofthecaloriesconsumedglobally.But,asaresultofclimatechange,scientistsbelievemostpartsoftheworldwherethecropisgrownwillbehitbywatershortagesbytheendofthecentury.AndtheU．S.couldbeamongthecountriesworstaffected,theauthorsoftheresearchpublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancestoldNewsweek.Ifclimatechangeisn'tdealtwith,bytheyear2100,60percentofareasthatgrowwheatwillbehitbywaterscarcity—upfromthecurrentlevelof15percent,accordingtotheinternationalteamofscientists.Co-authorsMiroslavTmkaandSongFengtoldNewsweekthatintheirpreviousresearch,theyhadshownclimatechangemaycausesoiltobecomelessmoist(濕潤的)acrossmostmainlandU．S.states,includingthosewherewheatisgrown.Asaresult,theU．S.couldbe“oneofthetopmostaffectedwheatproducers”intermsoftheincreaseinareasaffectedbyseveredroughts,theysaidinajointstatement.Worryingly,existingresearchhaspredicteda4.0to6.5percentdropinglobalwheatproductionper1degreeCelsiusofwarmingifclimatechangeisn'teased.Andit'sunlikelythatwheatcanbereplacedifwaterbecomesscarce,asit'snotasthirstyasothercropsandcandowithoutwaterforarelativelylongperiodoftime.“Ifmultipleregionsareaffectedbydroughtatthesametime,itmightbedifficulttomeetthedemandevenifthetraderoutesstayopenandarenotrestrictedbygovernmentalmeasures，”warnedFengandTrnka.However,theysaid,“Studiesshowthatifwecontinuouslyimprovethesustainabilityandtechnologiesinthecomingdecadesandallowforinternationaltrade,wemayovercomethenegativeimpactsofclimatechange.”文章大意：本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為由于氣候變化，到本世紀(jì)末，世界上大部分種植小麥的地區(qū)將受到缺水的影響而知，如果氣候變化得不到緩解，全球小麥的產(chǎn)量將會減少。1．Howwillclimatechangehurtwheatproduction？BA．Byraisinggroundtemperature.B．Byreducingwatersupply.C．Bypollutingthesoil.D．Byfloodingthefield.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，由于氣候變化，小麥種植地將受到缺水的影響，又根據(jù)第四段可知，缺水會影響小麥產(chǎn)量。故選B。2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3？CA．WheatproductioncauseddroughtsinmostmainlandU．S.states.B．TheUnitedStatesisthebiggestwheatproducerintheworld.C．TheUnitedStateswillsuffermostfromclimatechange.D．ClimatechangeiscloselywatchedbyAmericanscientists.〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“theU，S.couldbe‘oneofthetopmostaffectedwheatproducers’”可推知，美國將在氣候變化中受到很大影響。故選C。3．Whyiswheatunlikelytobereplacedbyothercropsinadrought？DA．Itistheprimaryfoodformostcountries.B．Itisnotinfluencedbyglobalwarming.C．Itiswidelygrowninmostcountries.D．Itneedslesswaterthanothercrops.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，小麥不像其他作物那樣那么需要水，在相當(dāng)長的一段時間內(nèi)沒有水也能生存，因此小麥不太可能被其他作物取代。故選D。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？BA．Health. B．Science.C．Education. D．Entertainment.〖解析〗文章出處題。通讀全文可知，這是一篇有關(guān)氣候變化對小麥產(chǎn)量的影響的文章，由此可推知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學(xué)版塊。故選B。B(2021·北京市豐臺區(qū)期末)Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons，sometimesasmuchasthreeextraweeksayear.Allthattimehelpstreesgrowfaster.Forthepast100years，treeshavebeenexperiencingfastgrowthintemperateregionsfromMarylandtoFinland，toCentralEurope，wherethegrowthrateofsometreeshasevenspedupnearly77%since1870.Assumingwoodisjustasstrongtoday，thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber(木材)forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe?HansPretzsch，aforestscientistattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichinGermany，andhiscolleagueswantedtofindananswer.TheycarriedoutastudyoftheforestsofCentralEurope.Theystartedwith41experimentalplotsinsouthernGermany，someofwhichhavebeencontinuouslymonitoredsince1870.Pretzschandhisteamtookcoresamplesfromthetrees—whichincludedNorwayspruce，sessileoak，Europeanbeech，andScotspine—andanalyzedthetreeringsusingahigh-frequencyprobe.Theyfoundthatinallfourspecies，wooddensityhasdecreasedby8%to12%，theyreportonlineinForestEcologyandManagement.“Weexpectedatrendofthewooddensitylikethis，butnotsuchastrongandsignificantdecrease，”Pretzschsays.Increasingtemperatures，andthefastergrowththeyspur，probablyaccountforsomeofthedrop.Anotherfactor，Pretzschsays，ismorenitrogeninthesoilfromagriculturalfertilizer(化肥)andvehicleexhaust.Previousstudieshavelinkedincreasedfertilizerusetodecreasedwooddensity.Aboveall，thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures—combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms—aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable.“Iamgettingworried，”saysRichardHoughton，anecologistattheWoodsHoleResearchCenterinFalmouth，Massachusetts，whowasnotpartofthenewstudy.Asthedensityofthesamplesdropped，sodidtheircarboncontent，byabout50%.Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide(CO2)thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。對森林的研究表明，氣候變暖會改變木材的質(zhì)量?！皹湓絹碓酱?，但樹也越來越脆弱”。5．Paragraph1iswrittentoB.A．proveanideaB．introduceatopicC．giveanexampleD．describeafact〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Assumingwoodisjustasstrongtoday，thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber(木材)forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe？”“假設(shè)木材的強(qiáng)度和今天一樣高，這些收益將意味著更多的木材用于建筑、燃燒和儲存從大氣中捕獲的碳。但是木材真的像以前那樣密度大嗎？”可知，第一段是為了引出一個主題。故選B。6．ThestudyoftheforestsshowsC.A．farmingslowstrees'growthB．moreareasarecoveredwithforestsC．warmingchangesthequalityofwoodD．pollutionleadstohighertemperatures〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話“...thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures—combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms—aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable.”“研究表明，高溫——再加上汽車尾氣和農(nóng)場的污染——使木材變得更脆弱，導(dǎo)致樹木更容易折斷，木材更不耐用?！笨芍?，對森林的研究表明，氣候變暖會改變木材的質(zhì)量。故選C。7．WhatHoughtonsayssuggestsA.A．greatlossmightbecausedB．stormdamagecanbepreventedC．thesizeofforestsmightbeincreasedD．lessgreenhousegasescanbesentout〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話“Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide(CO2)thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.”“霍頓說，這意味著森林可能遭受更多風(fēng)暴的破壞，吸收溫室氣體二氧化碳(CO2)的效率可能低于科學(xué)家的預(yù)期?！笨芍?，霍頓所說的話意味著可能會造成巨大的損失。故選A。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？DA．WeonlyhaveoneearthB．Trees—ourbestfriendsC．TheinfluenceofclimatechangeD．Treesaregettingbigger，butweaker〖解