河南省安陽(yáng)市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)二模試題含解析

PAGEPAGE22河南省安陽(yáng)市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)二模試題（含解析）其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADallas-FortWorthispackedwithsportingevents,holidayhappenings,andautumnalfestivalsduringthemonthofNovember.TheAAATexas500:ThisNASCARCupSeriesheldattheTexasMotorSpeedwayhasbeenwonbyfamouspeople.IttypicallytakesplaceinNovember,butin2024,itwillbeheldonOctober26.Ticketsrangeinpricefrom$49to$400.DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday:A“12DaysofChristmas”－inspiredlightdisplay,thistwo-monthshowiscomposedof“25-foot-tallbeautifullydecoratedVictorian-stylegazebos(涼亭）”，theorganizerssay,andmorethanamillionlightsarehungaroundthegardens,onhistorichomes,andsoforth.HolidayattheArboretumwilltakeplacefromNovember7toDecember31,2024.SundanceSquareParadeofLights:HeldeachyearindowntownFortWorth,theSundanceSquareParadeofLightsfeaturesmorethan100lights,marchingbands,antiquecars,anappearancebySantaClaus,andperformers.Streetseatsareavailableforafeebuttherearealsoplentyoffreeviewingareasalongtheroute.Theparadebeginsat7p.m.onNovember22,2024,atthecrossroadofWeatherfordStreetandHoustonStreet.YMCATurkeyTrot:Morethan25,000peopleparticipateinthisThanksgivingDay5Krun/walk.GuestsareaskedtodresslikeaturkeyandbeginthecharityracefromDallasCityHallat9a.m.In2024,theracewilltakeplacefromNovember20to29.1.HowwilltheAAATexas500bedifferentin2024?A.Itwillattractwell-knownracers.B.Itwilllastalongerperiodoftime.C.Itspriceswillbegreatlyincreased.D.Itsdatewillbeadvanced.2.WhatcanyouseeattheArboretumfromNov.7toDec.31?A.Historicpictures.B.Antiquecars.C.Victorian-stylebuildings.D.SantaClaus.3.Whicheventhasrequirementsfortheparticipants'clothes?A.TheAAATexas500.B.YMCATurkeyTrot.C.DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday.D.SundanceSquareParadeofLights.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在即將到來(lái)的l1月份，美國(guó)的達(dá)拉斯和沃斯堡市將舉辦的一系列的體育賽事和節(jié)慶活動(dòng)。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段TheAAATexas500部分中的“IttypicallytakesplaceinNovember,butin2024,itwillbeheldonOctober26.”可知，與往年不同的是，202l年的TheAAATexas500將會(huì)提前到10月26日，而不是往年的1l月。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday部分中的“25-foot-tallbeautifullydecoratedVictorian-stylegazebos(涼亭)”可知，在這個(gè)燈展上可以看到維多利亞時(shí)期風(fēng)格的涼亭。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段YMCATurkeyTrot部分中的“Guestsareaskedtodresslikeaturkey”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)對(duì)參加者的著裝提出了要求。故選B項(xiàng)。BToday,westudyliteraturefromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories,farawayworldsandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot,thesestories—bothfictionandnon-fiction—guideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes,openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.Despitetheirimportance,manypeoplethrowouttheiroldbooks—layingwastethewisdomthatliesoneachpage.Inanefforttosavethisknowledgeandshareitwiththoselessfortunate,agarbagemanin,Bogota,Colombiahasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.“Ihatedtoseeallthebooksinthedustbinsofwealthierneighborhoods.SoIstartedtorescuethem,’’saidGutierrez.ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKarenina.TheTolstoybookwaslaterjoinedbyTheLittlePrince,Sophie'sWorld,TheIliadandanumberofnovels.Today,hehascollectedaround25,000books.Hisgrowingcollectiondidn’tgounnoticed.Gutierrez’sneighborsweresoonborrowingthebookstohelpwiththeirchildren’shomework.“Therewasalackoftheminourneighborhood,sowestartedtohelp,”saidGutierrez.ThegroundfloorofGutierrez’shomeisnowfilledwithbooksfromfloortoceiling.Overspillingwithbooks,heopeneditupasafreelibrary,withthehelpofhiswifeLuzGutierrezandtheirthreechildren.WordeventuallyspreadaroundaboutGutierrezandhisbooks.Mostofthebooksnowcomefromdonations.Henowtravelsaroundthecountry,deliveringfreebookstopoorandremotedistricts.Thelibrary,named“TheStrengthofWords",hasdonatedbookstosome235schools,institutionsandcommunitylibrariesacrossColombia.4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bystatingsomefacts.B.Bycontradictingatheory.C.Bydescribingascene.D.Byreferringtodocuments.5.WhatdidtheTolstoybookmeantoGutierrez?A.Aheavyfinancialburden.B.Acompanionindifficulttimes.C.Thebeginningofhischaritycampaign.D.Oneofhisgreatestachievementsinlife.6.WhichsayingdoesGutierrez'sstoryleadustobelieve?A.Agoodbookisalighttothesoul.B.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Oneman'sgarbageisanotherman'streasure.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Tolstoybooksrecoveredfromdustbins.B.Literaturenowappealstogarbagecollectors.C.Freelibrariespopularwithneighborhoodkids.D.Garbagemanbuildsalibraryfromrescuedbooks.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了在過(guò)去20年，清潔工Gutierrez收集別人丟棄的書籍達(dá)幾萬(wàn)冊(cè)，經(jīng)整理后在自家設(shè)置圖書館，以造福鄰里和窮人的故事?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Today,westudyliteraturefromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories,farawayworldsandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot,thesestories—bothfictionandnon-fiction—guideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes,openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.”（今日，我們從小就起先學(xué)習(xí)文學(xué)——學(xué)習(xí)我們的歷史、遙遠(yuǎn)的世界和有影響力的人物。不管我們是否留意到，這些故事——包括虛構(gòu)的和非虛構(gòu)的——引導(dǎo)著我們的生活。它們讓我們透過(guò)別人的眼睛看世界，打開(kāi)我們的世界，教給我們?nèi)祟愃拿恳婚T學(xué)科。）可知，作者首先陳述了有關(guān)文學(xué)圖書對(duì)人類的重要性的一些事實(shí)，從而引出了Gutierrez從垃圾中搜集舊書籍籌建圖書館的故事。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKarenina.”（他找到的第一本書是一本經(jīng)典小說(shuō)《安娜·卡列尼娜》。）可知，托爾斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》一書是Gutierrez收集到的第一本文學(xué)書籍，是他的免費(fèi)圖書館的起點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀文章可知，本文主要講解并描述清潔工Gutierrez收集別人丟棄的書籍，整理后在自家設(shè)置圖書館，以造福鄰里和窮人。別人扔掉的舊書，在Gutierrez那里，卻成為了珍寶。所以Gutierrez的故事讓我們信任“一個(gè)人的垃圾可能是另一個(gè)人的珍寶?！惫蔬xD項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Inanefforttosavethisknowledgeandshareitwiththoselessfortunate,agarbagemanin,Bogota,Colombiahasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.”（為了保存這些學(xué)問(wèn)并與那些不幸的人共享，哥倫比亞波哥大的一名垃圾管理員20年來(lái)始終在保存廢棄的書籍，并與那些有須要的人共享。）以及后續(xù)內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講解并描述清潔工Gutierrez搜集舊書籍，為孩子們籌建免費(fèi)圖書館的事情，D項(xiàng)“清潔工用搶救出來(lái)的書建立一座圖書館”最能體現(xiàn)此意。故選D項(xiàng)。CThey'renottheworld'stallestorlongestbridges,butastringofrivercrossingsmadefromtreerootsareengineeringwondersthatcontainlessonsformodemarchitects.ThetownofCherrapunjiintheKhasiHillsiscreditedwiththeworldrecordforannualrainfallofover75feet!Andinthisrainy,wetclimate,therubberfigtreegrowswithabandon.Thetreehasasecondaryrootsystemthatgrowsupabovethegroundfloorandletsthetreeeasilygrowontopofbigstonesandevenoutinthemiddleofstreams.Longago,theKhasis,atribeinMeghalayaregion,realizedtheycouldmakeuseoftheserootstotheirownadvantage.Bycontrollinganddirectingthesecondaryroots,theyhavecreatedstronglivingbridgeswithwhichtocrossstreamsandriversbythemselves.Tomakeatreegrowinacertaindirection,thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttreewhosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem.Thethin,tenderrootsoftherubbertreeareplacedsotheygrowinthedirectionofthetreetrunkratherthanfanningout.Eventually,therootsreachtheothersideoftheriverandgrowintothesoil.Thisprocesscantakewelloveradecadebeforethebridgeisfullyfunctionalandthenovertimethebridgegrowsandstrengthens.Rocksareplacedalongthebridge'ssidestoimprovethefootpaths.Someofthesebridgesareover100feetlongandcanevensupporttheweightoffiftyor-morepeopleatatime.ThesebridgesareuseddailybythepeopleofthevillagesaroundCherrapunjiandafewarethoughttobemorethan500yearsold.Thereisevenadoubledeckerbridge,knownasthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge",whichfeaturestwobridgesgrownrightontopofeachother.Itisthoughttobetheonlybridgeofitskind.8.WhatdoweknowaboutthebridgesinMeghalaya?A.Theyresemblethefigtreeroots.B.They'reworksofmodernarchitects.C.Theytakeaveryshorttimetobuild.D.They'reconstructedbythevillagers.9.Howisabetelnuttreeusedinbuildingthebridges?A.Itplaystheroleofaguide.B.Itbearstheweightofthebridge.C.Itprotectsthesurfaceofthebridge.D.Itdeliversmaterialsacrosstheriver.10.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlydescribe?A.Acomplexsystem.B.Aconstructionprocess.C.Ascientifictheory.D.Anaturallandscape.11.Whatmakesthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge”unusual?A.Itshistory.B.Itsmaterial.C.Itsshape.D.Itslength.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了印度的乞拉朋齊鎮(zhèn)是地球上最潮濕的地方之一。因?yàn)闅夂驑O端，建立傳統(tǒng)的橋梁幾乎是不行行的。但乞拉朋齊的卡西族部落找到了一個(gè)解決方法，讓橋自己“長(zhǎng)出來(lái)”【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Bycontrollinganddirectingthesecondaryroots,theyhavecreatedstronglivingbridgeswithwhichtocrossstreamsandriversbythemselves.通過(guò)限制和引導(dǎo)次級(jí)根，他們創(chuàng)建了強(qiáng)大的活橋梁，用它自己跨越小溪和河流?！笨芍@些橋都是在部落里的村民們的幫助下“長(zhǎng)出來(lái)”的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttree,whosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem這個(gè)部落的人用檳榔樹(shù)的樹(shù)干，它的中間被去掉了，作為一個(gè)引導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)”可知，在這些橋的形成過(guò)程中，檳榔樹(shù)的樹(shù)干起到了引導(dǎo)樹(shù)根橋方向的導(dǎo)向作用。故選A?！?0題詳解】段落大意題。依據(jù)本段的首句“Tomakeatreegrowinacertaindirection,thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttreewhosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem.為了使樹(shù)木向肯定的方向生長(zhǎng)，該部落用去掉中間的檳榔樹(shù)的樹(shù)干作為引導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)。”并結(jié)合本段的內(nèi)容可知，該段主要敘述了這些樹(shù)根橋的形成過(guò)程。故選B。【11題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段的“Thereisevenadoubledeckerbridge，knownasthe‘UmshiangDouble-DeckerRoutBridge’，whichfeaturestwobridgesgrownrightontopofeachother.Itisthoughttobetheonlybridgeofitskind.這里甚至還有一座雙層橋，被稱為“烏姆香雙層橋”，它的特點(diǎn)是兩座橋相互疊在一起。它被認(rèn)為是同類橋梁中唯一的一座”可知，這座橋的奇妙之處在于它的“形態(tài)”別出心裁，是一座由樹(shù)根形成的雙層橋。故選C。DTolookinsideanantnestistomeetwithanaliencivilization.Theboilingmassofworkerantsbeneathanupturnedstoneisbothstrangelyreminiscentof(聯(lián)想到）humansocietyandstrikinglydifferent.Thereisanorganizationthatfascinatesusandalonglineofmyrmecophiles(orantlovers)leadsbackallthewaytoKingSolomonwhoinfactadvisedpeopleto“gototheant,considerherwaysandbewise".ThiswasexactlytheinspirationbehindPlanetAnt,aTVprogramshowcasingwhatweknowaboutthekingdomofants,andwhatantscanteachusaboutthehumanworld.Likeus,antsbuildstructures,findfood,defendtheirsocietiesandmanagewaste,and-alsolikeus-theymustbewellorganized.Forexample,theleaf-cuttingantsofPlanetAnthavespecialwastedisposalareasforstoringharmfulwasteandateamof“waste-disposalants"dedicatedtokeepingthenestclean.Butantsachievethisfamiliarfinalresultinaverydifferentwaytohumans.Humansocietieshavecentralizedcontrol,Inotherwords,someonetellsuswhattodo.Ants,ontheotherhand,havedecentralizedcontrolandneitherthequeennoranyotherantdirectswork.Antworkersarethefinalself-starters,followingspecific,butpotentiallyflexible,rulesincertainsituations.Chemicaltrailsunderpinmuchofthisself-organization.Foragers(覓食者）layamixofchemicalsknownaspheromone(信息素）behindthemastheywalk.Otherantsfollowthetrailandiftheyfindfoodtheyreinforceit,layingmorepheromoneastheyreturntothenest.Strongertrailsaremorelikelytobefollowed,sotrailsleadingtofoodbecomeprogressivelyreinforced,whiletrailswithnofoodattheendfadeaway.Thiscombinationofpositivefeedbackandevaporation(蒸發(fā)）producesaneffectiveforagingsystemthatisverygoodatfindingthequickestroutestofood.Thissimpleguidingprinciple,andotherslikeit,haveprovidedsomeusefulsolutionstothecomplexproblemsfacedbyengineers,computerscientistsandbusinesses.12.WhydoestheauthormentionKingSolomoninthefirstparagraph?A.Toprovideabackground.B.Toshowadmirationforhim.C.Tostressthewisdomofants.D.Toexplainanabstracttheory.13.Howdoantsbehavewhileperformingtasks?A.Theygetordersfromtheirpartners.B.Theychooseodoonlyroutinetasks.C.TheychoosetodoonlyroutinetasksD.Theyfollowtheirownsensesandcertainrules.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underpin”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Decide. B.Support. C.Develop. D.Calculate.15.Whatinformationcanwegetabouttrailpheromonefromthetext?A.Itcomesfromthefoodresources.B.Itappearsbeforeants'self-organization.C.Itleadsthefollowingantstofood.D.Ithelpsantsfindtheirwaybackhome.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了螞蟻是社會(huì)性很強(qiáng)的昆蟲(chóng)，它們通過(guò)釋放信息素來(lái)進(jìn)行溝通溝通，當(dāng)螞蟻找到食物時(shí)，會(huì)在食物上釋放信息素，別的螞蟻就會(huì)本能地把有信息素的東西拖回洞里去。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第三句“Thereisanorganizationthatfascinatesusandalonglineofmyrmecophiles(orantlovers)leadsbackallthewaytoKingSolomonwhoinfactadvisedpeopleto‘gototheant，considerherwaysandbewise’”（有一個(gè)組織讓我們著迷，一長(zhǎng)串愛(ài)螞蟻的人(或螞蟻愛(ài)好者)始終追溯到所羅門王，他事實(shí)上建議人們‘去了解螞蟻，考慮她的方式，保持才智?！┛芍髡咛岬剿_門王的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)螞蟻是一種才智的生物。故選C。13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Antworkersarethefinalself-starters,followingspecific,hutpotentiallyflexible,rulesincertainsituations.”（螞蟻工作者是最終的自我啟動(dòng)者，在某些狀況下遵循特定的、但可能敏捷的規(guī)則。）可知，螞蟻在執(zhí)行任務(wù)時(shí)，主要是遵從自己的感官認(rèn)知和一些特定情境中具有敏捷性的規(guī)則的指引。故選D?！?4題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段其次句和第三句“Foragers(覓食者）layamixofchemicalsknownaspheromone(信息素）behindthemastheywalk.Otherantsfollowthetrailandiftheyfindfoodtheyreinforceit,layingmorepheromoneastheyreturntothenest.”（覓食的螞蟻?zhàn)呗窌r(shí)，身后會(huì)有一種被稱為費(fèi)洛蒙的化學(xué)物質(zhì)混合物。其他螞蟻沿著這條路走，假如它們找到了食物，它們會(huì)加強(qiáng)這條路，在返回巢穴時(shí)釋放更多的信息素。）可知，此處表示“螞蟻行走時(shí)留下的蹤跡激素對(duì)螞蟻團(tuán)隊(duì)的自治起到了支撐作用”。underpin意為“支撐，支持”。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第四句“Strongertrailsaremorelikelytobefollowed,sotrailsleadingtofoodbecomeprogressivelyreinforced,whiletrailswithnofoodattheendfadeaway.”（更強(qiáng)的路徑更有可能被跟蹤，所以通往食物的路徑會(huì)漸漸加強(qiáng)，而最終沒(méi)有食物的路徑會(huì)漸漸消逝。）可知，蹤跡激素主要起到了指引其他螞蟻找到食物的作用。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ourbodymanagesandrequiressleepinmuchthesamewaythatitcontrolstheneedforeating,drinking,andbreathing.Muchresearchhasbeendoneontheeffectsofsleep.Thesestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthatsleepplaysavitalroleinpromotingphysicalhealth.____16____Ithelpsmaintainourbody'sidealweight,andreducestressaswellasthechanceofmooddisorders.Thisincreasesourlengthoflifeandemotionalwell-being.Italsoexplainswhyafteragoodnight'ssleep,youfeelbetter,yourthoughtsareclearer,andyouremotionsarelessfragile.Withoutenoughsleep,yourjudgmentandabilitytolearnareweakened.Studiessupportthatpeoplewhogettheappropriateamountofsleepon-a-regularbasistendtolivelongerandhavehealthierlives.____17____Asamatteroffact,studieshaveshownthatdrivingwhilesleep-deprived(不足的）issimilartodrunkdriving.Ifwejustgotproperrest,maybetherewouldbelessconflictintheworldandhappierpeople.Forsomereason,insociety,sleepisnothighontheprioritylist,anditisnotvalued.Instead,itislookedonasaluxuryandnotanecessity.Why?____18____Infact,manyjudgeharshly(嚴(yán)厲地）andmakepeoplefeelguiltyfortheirsleeprequirement.Peoplewhosay“youcansleepwhenyouaredead”needtogetonthecluebus.Yourbodyyouexactlywhatitneeds.____19____Yetsomepeoplechoosetotakemedicinetokeepthemselvestogothroughtheday,unabletofunctionnaturallyduetolackofproperrest.____20____Listentoyourbody,nototherpeople'sopinionofwhatyourbodyneeds.Ifyourbodytellsyouthatneedtotakeanap,thenbyallmeanstakeanap.A.Andnobodyelsecandothatforyou.B.Itisseenasaformoflazinessorweakness.C.Scientistshavegonetogreatlengthstofullyunderstandsleep’sbenefit.D.Thisstressestheimportanceofhavingadequatesleep.E.Wealsoknowthatexercisehasagreatimpactuponsleep.F.Eachpersonisdifferentandrequiresvaryingamountsofsleep.G.Itkeepsourhearthealthyandlowersourchancesofdevelopingdisease.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述了足夠的睡眠對(duì)健康的好處?！?6題詳解】空前一句“Thesestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthatsleepplaysavitalroleinpromotingphysicalhealth.”提到，這些探討一再表明，睡眠在促進(jìn)身體健康方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用，空處應(yīng)是詳細(xì)講解并描述睡眠的好處，G項(xiàng)“它能保持我們的心臟健康，降低我們患疾病的幾率?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)空前一句“Studiessupportthatpeoplewhogettheappropriateamountofsleepon-a-regularbasistendtolivelongerandhavehealthierlives.”可知，探討表明，定期獲得適量睡眠的人往往壽命更長(zhǎng)，生活更健康。所以這些探討結(jié)果證明白睡眠的重要性，D項(xiàng)“這就強(qiáng)調(diào)了足夠睡眠的重要性?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Instead,itislookedonasaluxuryandnotanecessity.Why?”提到，相反，它被視為是一種奢侈，不是一種必需品，為什么？空處應(yīng)是對(duì)上文的回答，B項(xiàng)“它被認(rèn)為是懶散或者虛弱”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)空前一句“Yourbodyyouexactlywhatitneeds.”可知，你的身體準(zhǔn)確地知道你須要什么，A項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有別的人能幫你做到?！背薪由衔?，話題一樣，都是說(shuō)明只有你自己能了解自己的身體，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】依據(jù)后文“Listentoyourbody,nototherpeople'sopinionofwhatyourbodyneeds.Ifyourbodytellsyouthatneedtotakeanap,thenbyallmeanstakeanap.(傾聽(tīng)你自己的身體，而不是別人對(duì)你身體需求的看法。假如你的身體告知你須要小睡一會(huì)兒，那就肯定要小睡一會(huì)兒。)”可知，要聽(tīng)從自己的身體須要，不要被別人的看法影響，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人都是不同的，須要不同的睡眠時(shí)間。”引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ApizzadeliverdriverinRhodeIslandreceivesomethingmorespecialthananytipthisweek.RyanCattersonwasdeliveringpizzatothe____21____ofLindseySheelyonSaturdaynightwhenSheely’soldsonranuptohimandgivehimabig____22____.Sheely,who____23____themomentonthedoorbellcamera,said,“IputituponmyFacebookpage.Infact,Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas____24____."WhatSheelydidn'tknowatthetimewaswhatthat____25____wouldmeantoCatterson.Catterson’s16-year-olddaughter,wholivedinCaliforniawithhisex-wife,____26____passedaway.Shehad____27____withmentalproblems.“Afterlosingmydaughterthispastweek,itjust____28____mebecauseitwaslikeshewasthere,anditjustmeanta____29____tome,”hesaid.Hisex-wife,Danielle,saidshewas____30____thatsomeonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim.“It'ssoeasyto____31____suchpeopleandtheirinternalpain,”shesaid.“Thatevengoestoour____32____.Wedidn'tknowher____33____.”Thevideoofhishugwiththe2-year-oldmadeits____34____toCatterson,andhereachedouttotellSheelyhowmuchit____35____.“Itisreally____36____toacceptthatI'mnotgoingtobeabletohugheragain,"Cattersonsaidofhisdaughter.Thehugmayhavelastedonlyafewseconds,____37____it'samomentCattersonwill____38____always."Thatmighthavebeenmydaughterjustlookingoutforme____39____atthetime,"hesaid.“Thisincidentmeanssomething,andmakesme____40____,'Wow,maybeshe'sthere.”21.A.home B.office C.garden D.community22.A.hug B.tip C.smile D.surprise23.A.fixed B.caught C.checked D.adjusted24.A.crazy B.funny C.serious D.common25.A.comment B.chance C.moment D.signal26.A.recently B.gradually C.peacefully D.eventually27.A.connected B.treated C.settled D.struggled28.A.reminded B.touched C.confused D.matched29.A.ton B.pizza C.loss D.dollar30.A.anxious B.concerned C.ashamed D.grateful31.A.cure B.ignore C.help D.describe32.A.friend B.family C.mother D.daughter33.A.joy B.pain C.disease D.strength34A.way B.case C.sale D.trip35.A.cost B.needed C.meant D.charged36.A.lucky B.interesting C.tough D.necessary37.A.for B.since C.but D.though38.A.pickup B.setaside C.takealong D.holdonto39.A.bravely B.blindly C.casually D.eagerly40.A.regret B.cheer C.think D.attempt【答案】21.A22.A23.B24.B25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.D31.B32.D33.B34.A35.C36.C37.C38.D39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了周六晚上，RyanCatterson在給LindseySheely送披薩的時(shí)候，Sheely的大兒子跑過(guò)來(lái)給了他一個(gè)大大的擁抱。擁抱能讓人感受愛(ài)與暖和，尤其是對(duì)一個(gè)剛剛失去親人的外賣員而言?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：周六晚上，RyanCatterson在給LindseySheely送披薩的時(shí)候，Sheely的大兒子跑過(guò)來(lái)給了他一個(gè)大大的擁抱。A.home家；B.office辦公室；C.garden花園；D.community社區(qū)。依據(jù)上文“RyanCattersonwasdeliveringpizzatothe”以及后文提到是周六晚上，可推想是送披薩到LindseySheely家里。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：周六晚上，RyanCatterson在給LindseySheely送披薩時(shí)候，Sheely的大兒子跑過(guò)來(lái)給了他一個(gè)大大的擁抱。A.hug擁抱；B.tip小費(fèi)；C.smile微笑；D.surprise驚喜。結(jié)合后文“Thevideoofhishugwiththe2-year-oldmadeits”可知Sheely的大兒子給了Catterson一個(gè)擁抱。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Sheely用門鈴攝像頭拍下了這一幕。A.fixed固定；B.caught抓?。籆.checked檢查；D.adjusted調(diào)整。依據(jù)后文“themomentonthedoorbellcamera”可知指用門鈴攝像頭拍下了兒子擁抱Catterson的一幕，應(yīng)用catch。故選B。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，我這么做只是因?yàn)槲覀冇X(jué)得很好玩。A.crazy瘋狂的；B.funny好玩的；C.serious肅穆的；D.common一般的。依據(jù)上文“IputituponmyFacebookpage.Infact,Ijustdiditbecausewethoughtitwas”Sheely之所以抓拍下這一幕放到網(wǎng)上，一起先只是覺(jué)得好玩，并不知道Catterson的故事。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sheely當(dāng)時(shí)并不知道那一刻對(duì)Catterson意味著什么。A.comment評(píng)論；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.moment時(shí)刻；D.signal信號(hào)。呼應(yīng)上文中提到的“themoment”，即兒子擁抱Catterson的那一刻。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Catterson16歲的女兒和他的前妻住在加州，最近去世了。A.recently最近；B.gradually漸漸地；C.peacefully安靜地；D.eventually最終。依據(jù)后文“l(fā)osingmydaughterthispastweek”可知他女兒是最近去世的。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她始終與精神問(wèn)題作斗爭(zhēng)。A.connected連接；B.treated治療；C.settled解決；D.struggled掙扎。依據(jù)后文“withmentalproblems”指與精神問(wèn)題作斗爭(zhēng)，短語(yǔ)strugglewith。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“在我上周女兒去世后，這觸動(dòng)了我，因?yàn)檫@就像她就在我身邊，這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)意味著一切。”A.reminded提示；B.touched觸碰；C.confused使困惑；D.matched匹配。依據(jù)后文“becauseitwaslikeshewasthere”可知這個(gè)擁抱觸動(dòng)了Catterson，讓他感覺(jué)女兒就在自己身邊。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“在我上周女兒去世后，這觸動(dòng)了我，因?yàn)檫@就像她就在我身邊，這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)意味著一切?！盇.ton噸；B.pizza披薩；C.loss虧損；D.dollar美元。結(jié)合前后文“itjustmeanta…tome”可知表示“對(duì)某人很重要”短語(yǔ)為meanatontosb.。故選A。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的前妻D(zhuǎn)anielle說(shuō)，她很感謝有人能看到他的苦痛，并能陪在他身邊。A.anxious焦慮的；B.concerned關(guān)切的；C.ashamed慚愧的；D.grateful感謝的。依據(jù)后文“someonesawhispainandcouldbethereforhim”有人能看到Catterson的苦痛，陪伴著他，他的前妻對(duì)此很感謝。故選D。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們很簡(jiǎn)潔忽視這些人和他們內(nèi)心的苦痛，”她說(shuō)。A.cure治愈；B.ignore忽視；C.help幫助；D.describe描述。結(jié)合后文“Wedidn'tknow”提到他們不知道女兒的苦痛，可推想人們很簡(jiǎn)潔忽視他人內(nèi)心的苦痛。故選B。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“連我們的女兒都是?！盇.friend摯友；B.family家庭；C.mother母親；D.daughter女兒。依據(jù)后文“Wedidn'tknowher”可知，her指代女兒，表示他們女兒的苦痛也被人所忽視了。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們不知道她的苦痛?！盇.joy歡樂(lè)；B.pain苦痛；C.disease疾?。籇.strength力氣。上文中“withmentalproblems”提到女兒有精神問(wèn)題，所以是遭遇精神苦痛。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Catterson收到了他和兩歲孩子擁抱的視頻，他向Sheely表達(dá)了擁抱對(duì)他的重大意義。A.way方法；B.case狀況；C.sale銷售；D.trip旅程。依據(jù)前后文“Thevideoofhishugwiththe2-year-oldmadeits…toCatterson”可知為短語(yǔ)makeone’swaytosb.，表示“到達(dá)某人”。故選A。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Catterson收到了他和兩歲孩子擁抱的視頻，他向Sheely表達(dá)了擁抱對(duì)他的重大意義。A.cost支付；B.needed須要；C.meant意味著；D.charged控告。呼應(yīng)上文中“itjustmeanta”指這個(gè)擁抱對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)Catterson意義重大。故選C。【36題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很難接受我不能再擁抱她了，”Catterson說(shuō)到他的女兒。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.interesting好玩的；C.tough艱難的；D.necessary必要的。依據(jù)后文“toacceptthatI'mnotgoingtobeabletohugheragain”父親不能再擁抱自己的女兒，這是很讓人難以接受的。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)擁抱可能只持續(xù)了幾秒鐘，但這一刻Catterson將恒久抓住不放。A.for因?yàn)?；B.since既然；C.but但是；D.though雖然。上文提到擁抱可能只持續(xù)了幾秒，后文提到Catterson將恒久保留這種感覺(jué)，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)擁抱可能只持續(xù)了幾秒鐘，但這一刻Catterson將恒久抓住不放。A.pickup撿起；B.setaside留出；C.takealong帶上；D.holdonto抓緊。依據(jù)上文“it'samomentCattersonwill”可知這個(gè)擁抱對(duì)Catterson來(lái)說(shuō)，意義重大，所以他講恒久保留這一刻，緊抓住不放。故選D。【39題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“那可能是我女兒當(dāng)時(shí)急迫地在找我?！盇.bravely英勇地；B.blindly盲目地；C.casually隨意地；D.eagerly急迫地。依據(jù)上文“mydaughterjustlookingoutforme”指女兒急迫地找父親，eagerly符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“這件事很有意義，讓我認(rèn)為‘哇，或許她就在那里?！盇.regret懊悔；B.cheer歡呼；C.think認(rèn)為；D.attempt企圖。依據(jù)后文Catterson的想法“Wow,maybeshe'sthere.”可知，這件事情讓Catterson認(rèn)為或許女兒就在自己身邊。故選C。其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡上。The1918Spanishfluwasthemostdeadlyoutbreakinhistory.It___41___(cause)byanH1N1virusfoundingenesofbirds'origin.Althoughthereisnouniversalagreementregardingwherethevirus___42___(actual)originated,itspreadworldwideduring1918-1919.IntheUnitedStates,itwasfirstidentifiedinthearmyin___43___springof1918.Itwasestimatedthatabout500millionpeople___44___one-thirdoftheworld'spopulationofthattimebecameinfectedwiththisvirus.Thenumberof___45___(death)wasestimatedtobeatleast50millionworldwidewithabout675,000occurringintheUnitedStates.Thedeathratewashighinpeopleyoungerthan5yearsold,20-40yearsold,and65yearsand___46___(old).Thehighdeathratein___47___(heath)people,includingthoseinthe20-to40-year-oldagegroup,wasauniquefeatureofthisdisease.Whilethe1918H1N1virushasbeenproducedandevaluatedbymodernscience,thefeaturesthathavemadeitsodeadlyaregotwellunderstood.Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfectionandnomedicine___48___(treat)secondarybacteriainfections,controleffortsworldwidewerelimitedtonon-medicalmethods,___49___separation,quarantine(檢疫),goodpersonalhygiene,andbanonpublicgatherings,_____50_____wereappliedinheavilyinfectedareas.【答案】41.wascaused42.actually43.the44.or45.deaths46.older47.healthy48.totreat49.like/including50.which【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。1918年爆發(fā)的西班牙大流感給人類帶來(lái)巨大的突難。而造成這次流感致命性的緣由至今仍舊是一個(gè)謎?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它是由在鳥(niǎo)類起源基因中發(fā)覺(jué)的H1N1病毒引起的。主語(yǔ)It與動(dòng)詞cause之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wascaused?！?2題詳解】考查副詞：句意：雖然對(duì)于病毒的起源沒(méi)有普遍的共識(shí)，但它在1918-1919年期間在全世界傳播。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞originated應(yīng)用副詞。故填actually。【43題詳解】考查冠詞：句意：在美國(guó)，1918年春，它首次在軍隊(duì)中被發(fā)覺(jué)。此處用定冠詞the，特指1918年的春天。故填the?！?4題詳解】考查連詞：句意：據(jù)估計(jì)，當(dāng)時(shí)約有5億人或世界人口的三分之一感染了這種病毒。分析可知空格前后兩部分為選擇性并列關(guān)系。故填or。【45題詳解】考查名詞：句意：全球死亡人數(shù)估計(jì)至少有5000萬(wàn)人，其中約67.5萬(wàn)人發(fā)生在美國(guó)。death指“死亡的人”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式指全部死亡的人。故填deaths?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)：句意：5歲以下、20-40歲、65歲及以上人群的死亡率較高。依據(jù)句意可知，此處是指65歲以上的人，即比65歲大的人，用比較級(jí)。故用older?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞：句意：健康人群(包括20-40歲年齡組)的高死亡率是該病的一個(gè)獨(dú)特特征。修飾后面的名詞people，用health的形容詞形式。故填healthy。【48題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：句意：由于沒(méi)有預(yù)防流感感染的疫苗，也沒(méi)有治療繼發(fā)細(xì)菌感染的藥物，全球范圍內(nèi)的限制措施僅限于隔離、保持個(gè)人衛(wèi)生、禁止公共集會(huì)等非醫(yī)學(xué)方法，而這些方法在疫情嚴(yán)峻的地區(qū)得到了應(yīng)用。結(jié)合上文的“Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfection”分析可知，此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):with+n+todo，and連接兩個(gè)相同的結(jié)構(gòu)，故設(shè)空處也應(yīng)用不定式。故填totreat?！?9題詳解】考查介詞：句意：同上。這里列舉一系列事物用介詞like或including。故填like/including?！?0題詳解】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：句意：同上。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為methods，指物，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞which（that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句），故填which。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞留意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Theotherday,Iwenthomesolatelythatmymothercouldn'taffordtowaitmeanylonger.Soshebegantohavealunchby