初三英語下學(xué)期閱讀理解單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測試卷

初三英語下學(xué)期閱讀理解單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測試卷

一、中考英語閱讀理解匯編

1.閱讀理解

Alongwithwheat,riceisoneofthemostimportantfoodcropsintheworld.Itisanutritious,

healthyfood.

Eachyear,farmersgrowmillionsoftonsofrice.

TopFiveRice-producingCountries

TopFiveRice-producingCountnes

,China

Bangladesh(

-Vietnam

-India

Indonesia

200

150,000,000-1

100,000,000-

50,000,

ChinaIndiaIndonesiaBangladeshVietnam

21，Country

(1)Whatfoodcropisthereadingmaterialmainlyabout?

A.Wheat.B.Rice.C.Corn.D.Potato.

(2)Inwhichcountryisthemostricegrown?

A.China.B.Bangladesh.C.India.D.Vietnam.

(3)Fromthemapweknowthatthefivecountriesareallin__.

A.Europe.B.Africa.C.America.D.Asia.

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇閱讀材料主要介紹了世界水稻種植的國家和產(chǎn)量。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)riceisoneofthemostimportantfoodcropsintheworld.水稻是世

界上最重要的糧食作物。故選B。

(2)看圖識圖題。根據(jù)柱形圖可知中國的水稻產(chǎn)量最高超過200000000,其次是印度，

再次印度尼西亞。故選A。

(3)看圖識圖題。根據(jù)柱形圖可知世界五大水稻生產(chǎn)國是：中國，印度，印度尼西亞，

孟加拉和越南。它們都是亞洲國家。故選D。

【點(diǎn)評】此題考查閱讀理解。先觀察圖片，理解圖片信息。然后分析問題，帶著問題仔細(xì)

觀察圖片信息，找出問題正確答案。

2.閱讀理解

Amanoncevisitedatemplethatwasstillbeingbuilt.Hesawasculptormakingasculpture

(雕塑).Ashewatchedthemanworkonthesculpture,henoticedthattherewasasimilar

sculpturelyingnearby.

Hefeltverystrangeandaskedthesculptor,"Whyareyoumakingtwosamesculptures?Doyou

needtwotoputindifferentplaces?"

"No,"themansaidwithoutlookingup,"Weneedonlyone,butthefirstonebecamedamaged

beforeIcouldfinishit,soI'mmakinganewone."

Thevisitorpickedupthedamagedsculptureandexaminedit.Buthecouldn'tfindanything

wrongwithit.

"Whereisthedamage?"heasked.

"Thereisascratch(擦痕)onthesculpture'snose."thesculptorsaidwhilecontinuinghis

work.

Themanthenasked,"Whereareyougoingtoplacethesculpture?"

Thesculptorrepliedthatitwouldbeplacedona20-foot-highplatform(平臺)."Ifthe

sculptureisupthathigh,whoisgoingtonoticethatthereisascratchonthenose?"theman

asked.

Thesculptorstoppedhiswork,lookedupatthemanandsaid,"Iwillknowit".

Thesculptorchosetosticktoahighstandardofexcellenceinhiswork.Evenifotherpeople

didn'tnoticeit,itmatteredtohimthathisworkshouldbeofthebestquality.Thisisanattitude

weshouldallworkhardtokeep.

(1)Whydidthevisitorfeelstrangeatfirst?

A.Becausehecouldtakeoneofthesculptures.

B.Becausethesculptorwasmakingtwosamesculptures.

C.Becausehethoughtthesculptorneededtwosculptures.

(2)Theunderlinedword"damaged"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto"__

A.brokenB.fallen倒下的C.beaten被打敗的；被打了的

(3)Whatwaswrongwiththefirstsculpture'snose?

A.Itwastoobig.B.Therewasascratchonit.C.Therewasnothingwrongwithit.

(4)Wherewouldthesculpturebeplaced?

A.Outsidethetemple.B.Atthesculptor'shome.C.Ona20-foot-highplatform.

(5)Fromthestory,weknowthat__.

A.thesculptorwasveryseriousabouthiswork

B.thesculptoralwaysmadetwosculptures

C.thesculptordidn'tmindthedamage

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)B

(4)C

(5)A

【解析】【分析】主要講了一個態(tài)度嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)牡袼苷咭驗(yàn)榈袼鼙亲由嫌袆澓郏栽俅蔚袼?/p>

了一個一模一樣的，盡管他人看不出瑕疵。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Hefeltverystrangeandaskedthesculptor,Whyareyou

makingtwosamesculptures他覺得很奇怪，于是問雕塑家，你為什么要做兩件相同的雕

塑？可知因?yàn)榈袼芗易隽?個一樣的雕塑，故選Bo

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段Thereisascratchonthesculpture'snose."thesculptorsaid

whilecontinuinghiswork"在雕塑的鼻子上有劃痕。“雕塑家在繼續(xù)工作時說道，可知此處是

講第一個在我完成之前就損壞了，damage意思是破壞、損壞，與broken意思相近，故選

Ao

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thereisascratchonthesculpture'snose."thesculptorsaidwhile

continuinghiswork”在雕塑的鼻子上有劃痕?！钡袼芗以诶^續(xù)工作時說道，可知是鼻子上有

劃痕，故選B。

(4)內(nèi)容理解題。根據(jù)Thesculptorrepliedthatitwouldbeplacedona20-foot-high

platform,可知雕塑將被放置在一個20英尺高的平臺上，故選C。

(5)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thesculptorchosetosticktoahighstandardofexcellenceinhis

work.Evenifotherpeopledidn'tnoticeit,itmatteredtohimthathisworkshouldbeofthebest

quality雕塑家選擇在工作中堅(jiān)持高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即使其他人沒有注意到這一點(diǎn)，對他來說，他的

工作質(zhì)量最好也很重要，可知雕塑家認(rèn)真地做好自己的本職工作，故選A。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。

3.閱讀理解

Notlongago,mydaughter'sshoeswerescratched(戈U損)bysomeone'sknife.Itookthe

shoestotheshoemakertogetthemrepaired.Helookedatthemandsaidtome,"Ifyoutrustme,

Iwilladdmorescratchesonbothoftheshoes."

Iwassurprisedandaskedwhy.Heexplained,"Asiftheopeningsweremadeonpurposefora

specialstyle".Ididn'tfullyunderstandhim,butIdecidedtoleavetheshoesthere.

TwodayslaterIdroppedbyfromworktofetchtheshoes.AtthefirstsightIfoundtherewere

indeedfiveorsixmorescratchesoneachshoe,butalltheopeningswerepatched(打補(bǔ)丁)by

redsoftleather(皮革).Theylookedspecial.Icouldn'thelpmakingcompliments(贊揚(yáng))on

theshoemaker'sskills.

Anothertime,therewasalargeopeningonthebackofmywife'ssister'swhitecoat.Mywife

tookitover;checkedcarefully,andthensaid,"Letmetakeithomeandmendit."

Threedayslater;seeingthecoatagain,Iwasshocked:thebigopeningwastakenplacebya

beautifulflowerandittookonawonderfullook.Igavemypraise,"It'sjustasbeautifulasapiece

ofart!"

Perfectionisimpossibletoachieveineverything,andsoishuman'slife,whichwillappearin

theformofinjury,disabilityordisease.Sinceyoucan'tchangeawound(傷口)，youshouldnot

expectpeople'spitybyexposingthewound,whichshowsnothingmeaningful.Allyoucandoand

havetodoistomakeupthewoundbypatchesandtryyourbesttogrowthemostbeautiful

floweronthewound,andthatisthemeaningoflife.

(1)Howdidthewriterfeelabouttheshoemaker'swork?

A.Satisfied.B.Moved.C.Magic.D.Angry.

(2)Theword"exposing"inthelastparagraphistheclosestinmeaningto"__

A.appearingB.showingC.seeingD.feeling

(3)Itcanbeinferred(推斷)fromthispassagethat_.

A.theshoemakerdidn'tknowhowtomakeshoes

B.theshoemakerfooledthewriteronpurpose

C.thewriter'swifewasgoodatmendingcoats

D.patchesarecommoninourclothes

(4)Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AWonderfulWife.B.TheScratchesShoes.

C.AKindofPerfection.D.ThePatchesofLife.

【答案】(1)A

(2)B

(3)C

(4)D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要通過講述鞋匠修補(bǔ)被刮的鞋子和作者的妻子縫補(bǔ)破

舊的襯衫兩個例子來說明，補(bǔ)丁是不可避免的，生活中的補(bǔ)丁更是不可避免的，我們要學(xué)

會給傷口打補(bǔ)丁，尋找自己獨(dú)特的美。

(1)推理判斷題,根據(jù)第三段最后一句Icouldn'thelpmakingcompliments(贊揚(yáng))onthe

shoemaker'sskills.我忍不住贊美鞋匠的技能?？赏茢喑鲎髡邔π车墓ぷ鞲械綕M意，故選

A。

(2)詞義猜測題，根據(jù)Sinceyoucan'tchangeawound(傷口),youshouldnotexpect

people'spitybyexposingthewound.這一句可知既然你改變不了傷口，你不應(yīng)該通過暴露

你的傷口來期望人們的同情，可猜測出exposing"暴露"和showing"展示"的意思接近，故選

B。

(3)推理判斷題，根基文章第五和第六段的描述，可推斷出作者的妻子很擅長縫補(bǔ)衣

服，故選C。

(4)標(biāo)題判斷題，通讀全文可知本文主要通過講述鞋匠修補(bǔ)被刮的鞋子和作者的妻子縫

補(bǔ)破舊的襯衫兩個例子來說明，補(bǔ)丁是不可避免的，生活中的補(bǔ)丁更是不可避免的，我們

要學(xué)會給傷口打補(bǔ)丁，尋找自己獨(dú)特的美。D項(xiàng)生活的補(bǔ)丁符合題意，故選D。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解題，本文涉及詞義猜測題、推理判斷題、標(biāo)題判斷題?？碱}型，詞

義猜測題要抓住上下文，善于利用連接詞、代詞及詞性、同義詞、反義詞等進(jìn)行判斷選

擇；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；標(biāo)題判斷題要遵循"精、準(zhǔn)、全"正確地

選取能包含文章的主要內(nèi)容及作者要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)0

4.閱讀理解

"Agedbetween18and40years?

Canyouwork8hoursadaytohelpsortparcels(分揀包裹)fromlate

stoJanuarytotheendofFebruary?

expressl

\Payrates

7:00am—6:00pm￥12/hour

6:00pm—7:00am￥15/hour

Ifyouarecarefulandcanworkwellwithothers,pleasejoinus.

Formoreinformation,call400-889-5543.

(1)IfWangQiangworksfrom9:00amto5pm,howmuchcanhegetaday?

A.￥60B.￥75C.￥96D.￥120

(2)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Peopleworkingatnightgetmoremoney.

B.Anypersonunder45canapplyforthejob.

C.PeoplehavetostarttoworkattheendofFebruary.

D.ThejobistogetparcelstoStoExpress.

(3)Thematerialmaybefroma.

A.bookB.noticeC.maganizeD.newspaper

【答案】(1)c

(2)A

(3)D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：這是申通快遞招聘廣告，年齡，工作時間及報(bào)酬。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)廣告中7:00am—6:00pm￥1沙hour可知從上午9點(diǎn)到下午5點(diǎn)，

共八個小時，每小時12美元，一天能掙96美元，故選C。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)7:00am-6:00pm￥口hour從上午7點(diǎn)到下午6點(diǎn)每小時12美

元；6:00pm—7:00am￥15/hour從下午6點(diǎn)到早晨7點(diǎn)每小時15美元，通過對比可知晚

上工作掙錢更多，故選A。

(3)推理判斷題，這是一則廣告，所以這個材料可能登在報(bào)紙上，故選D。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，本文是一則廣告，主要涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題，在文中找到答案的依

據(jù)。

5.閱讀理解

ForSchultz,a77-year-oldman,thisisachanceofalifetime.Schultzispartofagroupofaround

50GermanswhoareonabusjourneyalongtheancientSilkRoad.

Speakingofhisjourney,hesays,"IhavebeendeeplyinterestedintheSilkRoadsinceIwasa

child,butnowIfinallyhaveachancetoexperienceit."

Thetwo-monthbusjourneywilltakethegroupthroughGermany,Russia,andother4

Europeancountries.TheywillthenenterChinafromthecountry'swesternpart.Itwillbean

unforgettablememoryforthem.

Nearlyhalfofthe13,000-kilometertripwillbeinsideChina.FromXinjianginthewestto

Shanghaiintheeast,theGermanvisitorswillseemorethan20Chinesecities."Wehave

managedthetripoftheSilkRoadforaround10years.Anincreasingnumberofpeople,notonly

fromGerman-speakingcountries,havebeenjoiningus,"saysLiuGuoqiangfromChinaTours.

Almost26millionforeignerstraveledtoChinain2015,andabout5millionofthemwerefrom

Europe.Beijing,Xi'an,ShanghaiandtheYangtzeRiveraretraditionalChinesetraveldestinations

forEuropeantourists.Speakingofwherehewantstogo,Schultzsays,"Comparedwithmodern

cities,thecultureinwesternChinaattracts(吸弓I)memore."

AsShiXiang,headoftheChinaTours,says,"Beinganewbrandtoattractforeignvisitors,the

SilkRoadisgoodforpeopletoknowmoreaboutChina,especiallythenorthwesternpartofthe

country."

(ChinaDaily)

(1)Howwillthegroupofaround50Germanstakethetour?

A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bybus.D.Bysubway.

(2)AccordingtoLiuGuoqiang,howlonghasChinaToursmanagedthetrip?

A.For26months.B.Foraround10years.C.For2months.D.Forabout20years.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"destinations"meaninChinese?

A.標(biāo)志B.道路C.品牌D.目的地

(4)Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.SilkRoad:Afashionablewaytobuysilk

B.SilkRoad:AnoldbrandtoattractChinese

C.SilkRoad:AnewwaytolearnaboutChina

D.SilkRoad:Abetterchancetoseemoderncities

【答案】(1)c

(2)B

(3)D

(4)C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹一群德國人通過乘坐巴士沿著古老的絲綢之路

到中國旅行，歷經(jīng)兩個月，行程13,000公里，途徑20多個中國的城市，增進(jìn)了對中國文

化了解。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Schultzispartofagroupofaround50Germanswhoare

onabusjourneyalongtheancientSilkRoad.理解可知，這個旅游團(tuán)乘坐巴士沿著中國的絲綢

之路旅行，故選C。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句WehavemanagedthetripoftheSilkRoadforaround10

years.理解可知，這次巴士旅行已經(jīng)計(jì)劃了十年，故選B。

(3)詞義推測題。根據(jù)文中的語句Beijing,Xi'an,ShanghaiandtheYangtzeRiverare

traditionalChinesetraveldestinationsforEuropeantourists.以及Speakingofwherehewantsto

g。,可知，他們在談?wù)撓胍サ牡胤?，由此推測北京，西安，上海以及長江都是中國傳統(tǒng)的

旅行目的地，故選D。

(4)標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了人們通過絲綢之路了解中國。故選C。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題，詞義推斷題，推理判斷題和主旨題等?？碱}

型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題，詞義推斷題以及判斷題都需要通

讀全文，了解大意之后找出正確選項(xiàng)。

6.閱讀理解

Fionalikestolistentomusic.Shelikestolistentoclassicalmusic.Nowsheislisteningto

Beethoven*sSymphony(交響曲)No.5.Themusicisaboutfateknockingonthedoor.Fateis

theunseenpoweroflife.Fatechangesourlives.Fatedesignsourlives.Fionalikesthismusic.She

feelsthepowerofmusic.

Suddenly,somebodyknocksonherdoor.Shegoestothedoorandopensit.Thereisamanat

thedoor.Themanisold.Hehasgreyhairandagreybeard(胡須).Shedoesn'tknowwhothe

personis.Themansaysheisherfather.Sheclosesthedoorinfrontoftheman.Shestaysatthe

doorandthinks.Shehasafather.Butheisdead.Shedoesn'tknowthemanatthedoor.She

doesn'tunderstandwhyhesaysheisherfather.Shewantstocallthepolice.Justthenshecan

seeaphotounderthedoor.Themanisgivingheraphoto.Shelooksatthephoto.Shecansee

herselfwithamanshedoesn'tknow.Itisherbecauseshetookmanyphotoswhenshewasa

younggirl.Isthemanwhoisstandinginfrontofherdoorherfather?Shemustfindtheanswer.

Sheopensthedoor.Sheasksthemanwhetherheislyingornot.Themantellsherheistelling

thetruth.Sheinviteshimforacupofcoffee.Theysitdownanddrinkcoffee.Theystarttalking

aboutlife.Hetellshereverythingthatheknows.Shelistens.Sometimessheissurprised.

Sometimesshecries.Sometimesshelaughs.TheyarelisteningtoBeethoven.Thistimeitisnot

fate,butherfatherwhoisknockingonthedoor.

(1)WhatkindofmusicdoesFionalike?

A.Folkmusic.B.Popmusic.C.Rockandroll.D.Classicalmusic.

(2)WhydoesFionaopenthedooragain?

A.Becausethemangivesheraphotoofherandherfather.

B.Becausesherealizesthemanstandingoutsideisherfather.

C.Becauseshewantstoknowwhetherthemanisherfather.

D.Becauseshewantstolistentotheman'sstories.

(3)HowdoesFionafeelduringthetalkwiththeman?

A.Surprised.B.Sad.C.Happy.D.A,B&C

(4)Wherecanyoufindthispassage?

A.Inamusicbook.B.Inastorybook.C.Inasportsbook.D.Inasciencebook.

【答案】(1)D

(2)C

(3)D

(4)B

【解析】【分析】大意:本文講述主人公菲奧娜在聽貝多芬的第五首歌的時候，她聽到門外

有敲門聲，她打開門卻意外地有人叫她為女兒，她感到很吃驚，爸爸明明已故，但是此時

的這個所謂〃爸爸〃的男人又似曾相識，打開門后兩人談了許多往事，往事讓菲奧娜有時吃

驚，有時哭泣，有時微笑，最后他們一起聽貝多芬的歌曲，最好父女相認(rèn)。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Shelikestolistentoclassicalmusic.可知,她喜歡聽古典音樂,故選D。

(2)名田節(jié)題。根據(jù)Isthemanwhoisstandinginfrontofherdoorherfather?Shemustfind

theanswer.可知，因?yàn)樗胫朗欠襁@個男人是她爸爸，故選C。

(3)iffl節(jié)題。根據(jù)Sometimessheissurprised.Sometimesshecries.Sometimesshelaughs.可

知，她有時開心有時傷心有時吃驚，故選D。

(4)推斷題。本文講述菲奧娜和父親相認(rèn)的故事，可知這篇文章應(yīng)來自故事書，故選B。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解能力，細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題要從文中

尋找答案；推斷題需要根據(jù)上下文，推斷出需要的信息。

7.閱讀理解

Haveyounoticedyourlifebecomingalittleeasier?Now,whenyougotoacertainshopping

mall,youcanenjoyitsfreeWi-Fithere.Whenyouwanttotakeataxi,youcanbookonewith

yourphone.Infact,allthesecanbeseenasthebasicpartsofasmartcity.

TheideaofasmartcitywasbroughtupbyUScompanyIBMin2010.Generally,asmartcityisa

citythatusesdigitaltechnologiessuchastheInternettoimprovecityplanning,savemoneyand

resources,andmakeourlifeconvenient.Howsmartcanacitybe?Herearegreatexamplesthat

wecanlearnfrom.

In2009,DubuquebecamethefirstsmartcityintheUS.Thecityusedsmartwatermetersto

taketheplaceoftraditionalwatermetens.Theycandetect(探測)waterwasteandleakage

(泄漏)andsenddatatoletthehouseownerknow.Thesamesystemisusedforothercity

resourceslikeelectricityandnaturalgas.Inthisway,peopleknowhowtheyusetheirresources

andaregladtohelpreducewaste.

SantanderinSpainalsogivesusalookatthefuture.Ifpeoplepointaphonetowardanearby

busstop,thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatservethestopaswellastheirarrival

times.ThegovernmentorganizedaresearchteamandprovidedanApp(應(yīng)用程序)that

collectsdataonalmosteverything:light,temperature,andthemovementsofcarsandpeople.

OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovidesimmediateinformationonspecialoffers.

(1)Theunderlinedword"convenient"isclosestinmeaningto"

A.usefulB.normalC.suitableD.easy

(2)Comparedwithtraditionalwatermeters,smartwatermetersdobetterin.

A.cleaningwaterB.supplyingwaterC.savingwaterD.producingwater

(3)TheexampleofSantandershowstheuseofsmartsystemsinaspects(方面)EXCEPT

A.businessB.healthcareC.trafficcontrollingD.publictransportation

(4)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Digitaltechnologieshelpimprovecityplanning.

B.Smartcitieswillmakeourfuturelifebetterandsmarter.

C.SmartcitiesareverycommoninbothDubuqueandSantander.

D.SpainandtheUStaketheleadingpositioninbuildingsmartcities.

【答案】(1)D

(2)C

(3)B

(4)B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要對智能城市進(jìn)行了基本介紹，又通過迪比克和桑坦

德的例子介紹了智能城市為生活所帶來的便捷。

(1)猜測詞句題。由語句Generally,asmallcityisacitythatusesdigitaltechnologiessuchas

theInternettoimprovecityplanning,savemoneyandresources可知,總的來說，小城市就是

使用數(shù)碼科技例如互聯(lián)網(wǎng)去提高城市計(jì)劃，節(jié)省金錢和資源。由此可推知，節(jié)省金錢、能

源，可以使我們的生活更加輕松便捷。easy意為“輕松的"，符合題意。useful意為"有用

的"，normal意為“普通的"，suitable意為"適合的"，均不符合題意。故正確答案為D。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中語句Thisway,peopleknowtheyusetheirresourcesandaregladto

helpreducewaste可知，通過這種方式，人們就可以知道他們使用的資源并愿意減少資源

的浪費(fèi)。由此可知，智能水表可以在節(jié)約水資源方面做的比傳統(tǒng)水表更好。savewater意

為"節(jié)約水資源”，符合題意。故正確答案為C。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項(xiàng)，由第四段第四句OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovides

immediateinformationonspecialoffers可知，在超市旁邊打開這個應(yīng)用程序，可以馬上推送

特價(jià)商品的信息。由此可推知，智能系統(tǒng)在商業(yè)(business)中有所應(yīng)用。B項(xiàng)，health

care意為"健康管理"，文章沒有提及。C項(xiàng)，由第四段第二句Ifpeoplepointaphonetoward

anearbybusstop,thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatseverthestopaswellastheir

arrivaltimes可知，如果人們用手機(jī)指向一個附近的公交車站，手機(jī)就會馬上展示出所有的

會在這站停的公交車路線。由此可推知，智能系統(tǒng)在交通控制(trafficcontrolling)方面有

所應(yīng)用。D項(xiàng)，由第四段第二句Ifpeoplepointaphonetowardanearbybusstop,thephone

immediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatseverthestopaswellastheirarrivaltimes可知，如果人們

用手機(jī)指向一個附近的公交車站，手機(jī)就會馬上展示出所有的會在這站停的公交車路線。

由此可推知，智能系統(tǒng)在公共交通(publictransportation)方面有所應(yīng)用。故正確答案為

Bo

(4)主旨?xì)w納題。A項(xiàng)，意為"電子科技幫助提升了城市規(guī)劃"，只在第一段中有所提及。

故A項(xiàng)錯誤。B項(xiàng)，意為"智能城市使我們未來的生活更好更智能”，文章主要對智能城市

進(jìn)行了基本介紹，又通過迪比克和桑坦德的例子介紹了智能城市為生活所帶來的便捷。故

B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)，意為"智能城市在迪比克和桑坦德非常普遍"，文章第三段和第四段主要介

紹了智能應(yīng)用在兩座城市中的應(yīng)用，并沒有提到普及型?故C項(xiàng)錯誤。D項(xiàng)，意為"西班牙

和美國在建設(shè)智能城市方面處于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位”，文章提到美國的迪比克是第一個智能城市，西

班牙也采用了智能城市，但是并沒有提到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。故D項(xiàng)錯誤。故正確答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意

從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了

解大意之后找出中心思想。

8.閱讀理解

Manyscientistsfindthatcolorscanchangepeople'sfeelings.It'sveryinteresting.Somecolors

canmakepeoplefeelrelaxed,andsomecolorscanmakepeoplefeelnervous.Now,thiskindof

knowledgeisbeingusedinmanyplaces.Forexample,schoolwallsarealwayspaintedgreen

becausegreenmakesstudentsfeelrelaxed.Itisalsogoodforthestudents'eyes.Somebooksare

alsogreenorlightblueforthesamereason.Restaurantownersnotonlyhavetoknowhowto

makefood,butalsohavetoknowhowtomakemoney.Herearesomethingsthey'velearned

fromscientificstudies.Thecolorredmakespeoplehungry.Manyfastfoodrestaurantshavered

furnitureorwalls.Softcolorslikepinkandlightbluemakepeoplefeelrelaxed,sotheyspend

moretimeeating.Loudmusicmaybeniceatfirst,butitsoonmakespeoplewanttoleave.Hard

seatsalsomakecustomerswanttoeatquicklyandleave.Manyrestaurants,especiallyfastfood

restaurants,usethisknowledgetomakecustomerseatfaster.

(1)Howdoesthecolorgreenmakethestudentsfeel?

A.Hungry.B.Nervous.C.Angry.D.Relaxed.

(2)Whichcolorisn'tmentionedinthispassage?

A.Green.B.White.C.Lightblue.D.Red.

(3)Whatdomanyfastfoodrestaurantsdo?

@Playloudmusic.②Playsoftmusic.

(3)Havehardseats.④Painttheirwallsred.

A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.

②③④

(4)What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ColorandRestaurantB.UseColortoMakeMoney

C.ColorandScienceD.UseColortoChangeFeelings

【答案】(1)D

(2)B

(3)B

(4)D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：這篇文章講述的是顏色可以改變?nèi)藗兊母杏X，不同的顏色給

人們不同的感覺，顏色現(xiàn)在被使用于各種場合。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Forexample,schoolwallsarealwayspaintedgreenbecause

greenmakesstudentsfeelrelaxed.學(xué)校墻面粉刷成綠色，能夠使學(xué)生很放松。故選D

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，文章中提到了綠色，紅色，粉色，淺藍(lán)，但是沒有提

到白色。故選B。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章可知，快餐店的老板他們會把墻面粉刷成紅色，把音樂放的

很大，使用硬質(zhì)椅子。這樣人們就會吃飯吃的很快。而輕音樂會讓人們放松，吃飯花費(fèi)更

多的時間。故選B。

(4)標(biāo)題推斷題。這篇文章主要講的是顏色可以改變?nèi)藗兊母杏X，不同的顏色給人們產(chǎn)

生不同的感覺。故選D。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題等常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住

關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出主題句。

9.閱讀理解

Whenyouentermyhomeforthefirsttime,youwillalwaysbeimpressedwithasmalland

whiteenvelope(信封).Noname,noaddress.IthashungonourChristmastreeforabout10

years.

ItallbeganbecausemyhusbandMikehatedChristmas.Hedidn'thatethetruemeaningof

Christmas,butthecommercial(商業(yè)的)wayofit,spendingtoomuchontheusualChristmas

gifts,suchasrushingintoastoretobuyatieforUncleHarry.

Knowinghefeltthisway,Idecidednottobuytheusualgifts,suchasshirtsandsweaters.I

reachedforsomethingspecialforMike.Theideacameinanunusualway.

OursonKevin,12,waswrestling(摔跤)attheschool.BeforeChristmastherewasamatch

againstateamhelpedbyacitychurch,mostlypoorkids.Asthematchbegan,Iwassurprisedto

seetheotherteamwrestlingonlywearingtheoldclothesbecausetheycouldn'taffordthe

wrestlinguniforms,whileourboysintheirblueandgolduniforms.Ofcourse,weendedupwith

beatingthem.

Mike,seatedbesideme,shookhisheadsadly,"Iwishjustoneofthemcouldhavewon.Infact,

theycouldiftheyhadworntheuniforms.Theyhavetalentforwrestling,butlosinglikethiscould

taketheheartri^htoutofthem.”

Mikelovedkids-allkidsandheknewthem,havingtrainedkidsfootballandbaseball.Atthat

time,Ithoughtoftheideaforthegift.

Thatafternoon,Iwenttoastoreandboughtsomewrestlinguniformsandsentthemtothe

citychurchforthekidswithoutleavingmyname.

OnChristmasEve,Iputtheenvelopeonthetree,thenoteinsidetellingMikewhatIhaddone

andtellinghimthatthiswashisgiftfromme.HissmilewasthegreatestthingaboutChristmas

thatyearandthenextyears.

Yousee,welostMikenow.ButeveryChristmasEveIwouldputanenvelopeonthetree,andin

themorning,threemorejoinedit.Eachofourchildrenhadsecretlyputanenvelopeonthetree

fortheirdad.

Mike'sspirit,liketheChristmasspirit,willalwaysbewithus.

(1)MikehatedChristmasbecausehe.

A.dislikedreceivingthesamegiftseveryyear

B.didn'tlikepeoplespendingtoomuchmoneyongifts

C.didn'tunderstandthetruemeaningofChristmas

D.hatedrushingintoastoretobuyatieforUncleHarry

(2)Wecaninfer(推斷)fromthepassagethatthewriterisa(n).

A.braveandoutgoingmanB.lovingandpatientman

C.strictandseriouswomanD.understandingandkindwoman

(3)ThesentenceunderlinedinParagraph5means.

A.theydidn'thavetalentbecausetheylostthematch

B.theywouldn'taccepttheresultbecauseoftheoldclothes

C.theymightloseheartaftertheywerebadlybeateninthisway

D.theytriedtocheerthemselvesupeveniftheyfailedinthematch

(4)Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat.

A.thewritersendsgiftstochildreneveryChristmas

B.thechildrennowprefernewtoystotheenvelope

C.thewhiteenvelopewasagiftfromthepoorkids

D.Mike'sspiritwillhaveastronginfluenceonhischildrenforever

【答案】(1)D

(2)B

(3)C

(4)D

【解析】【分析】本文介紹了包在信封了的圣誕節(jié)的秘密。

(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Hedidn'thatethetruemeaningofChristmas,butthecommercial(商業(yè)

的)wayofit,spendingtoomuchontheusualChristmasgifts,suchasrushingintoastoreto

buyatieforUncleHarry可知Mike不喜歡圣誕節(jié)是因?yàn)椴幌矚g沖進(jìn)商店給哈里叔叔買領(lǐng)

帶，故選D。

(2)推理題。根據(jù)Iwenttoastoreandboughtsomewrestlinguniformsandsentthemtothe

citychurchforthekidswithoutleavingmyname.和...willalwaysbewithus可知作者是有愛心

有耐心的人，故選B。

(3)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Theyhavetalentforwrestling,butlosinglikethiscouldtaketheheart

rightoutofthem他們有摔跤的天賦,但是這樣的失敗會讓他們失去信心，可知butlosing

likethiscouldtaketheheartrightoutofthem的意思是他們可能會因?yàn)檫@樣被打得很厲害而

失去信心，故選Co

(4)推理題。根據(jù)Mike'sspirit,liketheChristmasspirit,willalwaysbewithus.可知邁克的精

神將永遠(yuǎn)影響他的孩子們，故選D。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測題3種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要

注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)

上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。

10.閱讀理解

ATheDragonBoatFestivalisafolkfestivalwhichhasahistoryofmorethantwothousand

years.ItisalsonamedChongwuFestival.Therearemanyactivitiesontheday.

Dragonboatrace

Thedragonboatraceisanimportantcompetitionduringthefestival.Peoplehelddragonboat

racesintherivertorememberthepoet,QuYuan.Now,thedragonboatraceisatraditional

activityforChinesepeople.

Wear