山東省臨沂市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末考試模擬試題含解析

PAGE25-山東省臨沂市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末考試模擬試題（含解析）（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）留意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.$19.15B.$9.18C.$9.15.答案是C。1.Whatkindofsportsdidthemanlikeverymuch?A.Football.B.Tennis.C.Basketball.2.HowwillthemangotoHongKongfromShanghai?A.Byair.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inalaboratory.B.Inahospital.C.Inalawyer'soffice.4.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hewasaskedtogobackhome.B.Hecaughtabadcolddaysago.C.Hegavethebugtohisworkmatesintheoffice.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasn'tgotthechancetoperform.B.Hehasn'tmuchtimetopractice.C.Heissureofwinningthecontest.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀調(diào)遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howwastherainlastmonth?A.Ithadbeenrainingforhalfamonth.B.Itrainedheavilyandwashedawaythesoil.C.Therainfallwashalfthemonthlyaverage.7.Whatistheseasonnow?A.Autumn.B.Summer.C.Spring.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewalkingshoes?A.They'resoldwithapairofsocks.B.They'resoftbecauseofthematerial.C.They'retooloosewithouttheinnersole.9.Whatisthemanunsatisfiedwith?A.Theshoespolish.B.Theoriginalshoelaces.C.Thecoloroftheshoes.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodowhileheisdialing?A.Makeashoppinglist.B.Arrangetheplacefortheparty.CFindsomefunthingsfortheparty.11.Whowon'tcometotheparty?A.David.B.Jane.C.David'sgirlfriend.12.Whatwillthemando?A.Callthoseboysoncemore.B.GotovisitDavid'sgirlfriend.C.Goshoppingwiththewoman.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheman?A.Aninventor.B.Aprofessor.C.Areporter.14.WhoisHermioneGrangerbasedon?A.Thewoman.B.Oneofthewoman'sbestfriends.C.Thewoman'sfavoriteteacher.15.Whatwasbeyondthewoman'sexpectation?A.ThepublicationoftheHarryPotterbooks.B.ThepopularityoftheHarryPotterbooks.C.TheinspirationfortheHarryPotterbooks16.Howdifferentwillthewoman'sfuturebooksonHarryPotterprobablybe?A.Ratherexciting.B.Morerealistic.C.Ratherscary聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?AAvisittoArabs.B.ThebusinessinArabcountries.C.TheArabcustoms.18.WhatisanunpleasantbehaviorforArabs?A.Talkingbusinessimmediately.B.Havingrefreshmentsbeforetalking.C.Discussingbusinessinfrontofstrangers.19.Whatshouldpeopledowhenameetingisinterrupted?A.Stoptalkingandleave.B.Pretendnottohearandgoon.C.Letsomeoneknowyourdispleasure.20.WhydoArabsrarelysay"No"directly?A.Theyconsideritimpolitetoaguest.B.TheythinkitisdisrespectfultoGod.C.Theywanttohavelotsoftimetoconsider.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A1.TrueCarTopdealerscompeteforyourbusinessbyofferinglowerprices.TrueCarspendsalotofmoneyandresourcesonmakingsuretheentirecarrentingexperienceissimpleandstraightforward.Ifyou’reinthemarketforanewcar,givethissiteatryfirst.TrueCar’snetworkchecksmanyofthepricesinyourareaandgetsyouthebestpriceforthecaryou’relookingfor.2.CarvoyItoffersmorecontrolbyallowingyouto“buildyourcar”andselectyourrentalplan.The“buildyourcar”optionisoneofthebetteroptionsforthoselookingtoaddonfeaturestotheircar.Ifyou’relookingforcarswithoptionslikeasunroofornavigation(導(dǎo)航),it’sCarvoythatmakesitveryeasytogetstartedwiththeprocess.3.CarsDirectTheyhavealargecollectionofnewandusedcars,andalsoprovideresourcesforcarcomparisons.Inthebusinessformanyyears,theyareoneofthefirstonlinecaroutlets.Theyhaveastaffthatcanusuallyhelpyouifyougivethemacall.TheirphonesupportisverygoodandtheyaremostlylocatedintheUnitedStates.4.CarRentItdeliversyourrentalcartothedoor,whichisactuallyahugesellingpoint.Manypeopledon’tliketogotoadealershiporevendrivesomewheretopickupacar.Imaginerentingacarandhavingitdeliveredrighttoyourdoorstep,nodrivingnecessary!5.CostcoAutoItoffersmember-onlysavings,manycarselectionsandaneasysign-upprocess.ThedealsthroughCostcoaregreatandunique.ManytimestheyhavedealswithGeneralMotorscarslikeChevrolet.Therearealotofdealstobedone,buttheonethingthatCostcodoesnotdoisnegotiatetheprice.1.What’sthesellingpointofTrueCar?A.Itsmostreasonablepricesforcars.B.Thediversityofitsusedcars.C.Itsdeliveryservicetoyourdoor.D.Thespecialofferstoitsmembers.2.WhatisthespecialservicethatCarvoyprovides?A.Youcanhaveotherfunctionsaddedtoyourcar.B.Youcanrentacarmoreeasilythanelsewhere.C.Youcandesignthewholecarbyyourself.D.Youcanhavebetteroperationoveryourcar.3.Ifyouareagoodbargainer,it’swisetoavoiddealingwith_______.A.CarsDirect B.CarvoyC.CarRent D.CostcoAuto【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】本文屬于應(yīng)用文，介紹五個(gè)汽車網(wǎng)站?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段TrueCar’snetworkchecksmanyofthepricesinyourareaandgetsyouthebestpriceforthecaryou’relookingfor.可知，該網(wǎng)站檢查了客戶所在地區(qū)多家汽車店的價(jià)格，為你找尋的車供應(yīng)最好的價(jià)格，可知，該網(wǎng)站供應(yīng)合理的汽車價(jià)格，故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)所在部分The“buildyourcar”optionisoneofthebetteroptionsforthoselookingtoaddonfeaturestotheircar.可知，該服務(wù)可以為車輛增加一些功能，故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Therearealotofdealstobedone,buttheonethingthatCostcodoesnotdoisnegotiatetheprice.可知，Costco不會(huì)討價(jià)還價(jià)，故不適用于那些擅長砍價(jià)人，故選D。BHaveyoueverthoughtofquittingyourjobwhenyoufeelexhausted?Maybemostofyouwouldsay“yes”.Afteraparticularlybusyperiodatwork,IdecidedtogetawayfromitallbygoingonahikeinthemountainsinsouthernFrance.BeforeIleft,Ireadaninterestingstoryinamagazine.Itread,“Once,whileIwasridingonacrowdedbus,themansittingnexttomethrewhiscellphoneoutofthewindowwhenhisphonerang.Iwassurprised.Helookedatme,shrugged(聳聳肩)andlookedaway.Ihadnoideawhetheritwashisorstolenorwhetherheevenknewwhatacellphonewasornot,butheclearlywantedtobefreeofit,becauseitclearlytroubledhim.”Billionsofpeopleacrosstheworldusecellphones.Thoughcellphonesareawonderfulwayforcommunication,theyoftendotheexactopposite.Usingcellphonescanincreasestresswithinfamiliesandfriends.SowhenIrecentlyreturnedhome,Igotridofmycellphone.NowIgooutsidewithouttakingmyphonewithme.I’venoticedthingsinmyneighborhoodInevernoticedbefore,suchasgardens.I’vemetnewpeople,startedconversationswithneighborsIdidn’tspeaktobeforeandtalkedwithsomeofmyfriendsfacetofaceinsteadofchattingoverthephone.Insteadofkeepingmeofffromtheworld,stoppingusingmycellphonehashelpedmegetevenclosertomyfamilyandfriends.4.Accordingtothestory,themanonthebusthrewawayhiscellphonebecause.A.itdidn’tworkproperly B.itwasstolenfromsomeoneelseC.hedidn’tlikethephone’sstyle D.hedidn’twanttobebotheredbyit5.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatcellphones.A.aretooexpensiveformanypeopleB.areofnousetotheauthorC.canalsogetpeopleintotroubleD.canmakelifemoreinteresting6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A.Hewantstoownagardennow.B.Healwayschattedwithhisneighbors.C.Heusedtotakehiscellphonewhengoingoutside.D.Heoncethrewawayhiscellphone.7Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.tellusnottoletcellphonescontrolourlivesB.encourageotherstohikewithhiminFranceC.sharehisexperiencesinFrancewithusD.teachushowtogetalongwithneighbors【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇爭論文。本文主要講了雖然手機(jī)是一種很好的溝通方式，但它們往往適得其反。運(yùn)用手機(jī)會(huì)增加家庭和摯友之間的壓力。停止運(yùn)用手機(jī)，不但沒有讓人們遠(yuǎn)離這個(gè)世界，反而讓人們與家人和摯友更加親近?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句Ihadnoideawhetheritwashisorstolenorwhetherheevenknewwhatacellphonewasornot,butheclearlywantedtobefreeofit,becauseitclearlytroubledhim.（我不知道這是他的還是偷的，甚至不知道他是否知道手機(jī)是什么，但他明顯想擺脫它，因?yàn)樗黠@困擾著他。）由此可知，公共汽車上的那個(gè)男士不想被手機(jī)打攪，所以把它扔了。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題?？v觀全文，特殊是第三段Thoughcellphonesareawonderfulwayforcommunication,theyoftendotheexactopposite.Usingcellphonescanincreasestresswithinfamiliesandfriends.（雖然手機(jī)是一種很好的溝通方式，但它們往往適得其反。運(yùn)用手機(jī)會(huì)增加家庭和摯友之間的壓力。）由此推斷出，手機(jī)也能使人陷入逆境。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一、二句SowhenIrecentlyreturnedhome,Igotridofmycellphone.NowIgooutsidewithouttakingmyphonewithme.（所以當(dāng)我最近回到家的時(shí)候，我扔掉了我的手機(jī)。現(xiàn)在我出門不帶手機(jī)。）可知，作者過去外出常常帶手機(jī)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段Insteadofkeepingmeofffromtheworld,stoppingusingmycellphonehashelpedmegetevenclosertomyfamilyandfriends.（停止運(yùn)用手機(jī)不但沒有讓我遠(yuǎn)離這個(gè)世界，反而讓我與家人和摯友更加親近。）可知，本文的目的是告知我們不要讓手機(jī)限制了我們的生活。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理推斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出肯定的推理推斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理推斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是依據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理推斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等標(biāo)記性詞語。這種題型主要包括細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)推斷題、看法觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處推斷題和揣測(cè)想象推斷題。【小題4】A目的意圖題。依據(jù)文章最終一段Insteadofkeepingmeofffromtheworld,stoppingusingmycellphonehashelpedmegetevenclosertomyfamilyandfriends.可知本文的目的是告知我們不要讓手機(jī)限制了我們的生活。故選A。CTheoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Herearesomeexamples.Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmsout,theyfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronautthelookofafunnyballet（芭蕾）dancer.“I’maninsideguy,”MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation.“Iliketobewrappedup.”O(jiān)nthestation,theordinarybecomesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastronautshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.Withnogravity,it’sjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicrocomputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbondioxideyouexhale（呼氣）hasatendencytoformaninvisible（隱形的）cloudaroundyourhead.Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflights,describeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyourseat.“Yourinnerearthinksyou’refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying－that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick.“Withinacoupleofdaystrulyterribledaysforsome－astronauts’brainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass’That’swhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration（NASA）putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy.NASAisworriedabouttwothings:recoverytimeonceastronautsreturnhome,and,moreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars’8.Whatisthemajorchallengetoastronautswhentheysleepinspace?A.Decidingonapropersleepposition.B.Choosingacomfortablesleepingbag.C.Seekingawaytofallasleepquickly.D.Findingarighttimetogotosleep.9.Theastronautswillsufferfromacarbon-dioxideheadachewhen.A.theycirclearoundontheirbikesB.theyusemicrocomputerswithoutastopC.theyexerciseinoneplaceforalongtimeD.theywatchamoviewhilepedaling10.Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecause.A.theirsensesstopworkingB.theyhavetostandupstraightC.theyfloatoutoftheirseatsunexpectedlyD.theirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages11.OneofNASA’smajorconcernsaboutastronautsis.A.howmuchexercisetheydoonthestationB.howtheycanremainhealthyforlonginspaceC.whethertheycanrecoverafterreturninghomeD.whethertheyareabletogobacktothestation【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】試題分析：這是一篇說明文。本文通過舉例說明白太空生活的奇異：在太空睡覺時(shí)，對(duì)宇航員來說主要的挑戰(zhàn)在于恰當(dāng)?shù)乃咦藨B(tài)；宇航員在一個(gè)地方運(yùn)動(dòng)久了會(huì)出現(xiàn)碳毒性頭痛；宇航員的大腦接收到?jīng)_突的信息時(shí)會(huì)感到惡心。最終告知我們美國國家宇航局對(duì)宇航員主要的擔(dān)憂是宇航員回家后的修養(yǎng)期和如何在太空許久地保持健康。【8題詳解】A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一、二句“Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.”可知在太空睡覺時(shí)，對(duì)宇航員來說主要的挑戰(zhàn)在于恰當(dāng)?shù)乃咦藨B(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.…Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache”可知宇航員在一個(gè)地方運(yùn)動(dòng)久了會(huì)出現(xiàn)碳毒性頭痛。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Yourinnerearthinksyou’refailing.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying-that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick.”可知宇航員在大腦接收到?jīng)_突的信息時(shí)會(huì)感到惡心。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)第一、二句“Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy…NASAisworriedabouttwothings:…and,moreimportantly,howmaintainstrengthandfitness…”可知美國國家宇航局對(duì)宇航員主要的擔(dān)憂之一是如何在太空許久地保持健康。故選B項(xiàng)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】說明文閱讀DAsInternetusersbecomemoredependentontheInternettostoreinformation,arepeoplerememberless?Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation,whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory,yourbrain?ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.Inarecentstudy,ProfessorBetsySparrowconductedsomeexperiments.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowtheInternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment,theygavepeople40unimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecondgroupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later,thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersgavepeoplefactstoremember,andtoldthemwheretofindtheinformationontheInternet.Theinformationwasinaspecificcomputerfolder(文件夾).Surprisingly,peoplelaterrememberthefolderlocation(位置)betterthanthefacts.WhenpeopleusetheInternet,theydonotremembertheinformation.Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled“transactivememory(交互記憶)”AccordingtoSparrow,wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead,computerusersaredevelopingstrongertransactivememories;thatis,peoplearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothattheyareabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn’tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.12.Thepassagebeginswithtwoquestionsto________.A.introducethemaintopic B.showtheauthor’sattitudeC.describehowtousetheInternet D.explainhowtostoreinformation13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefirstexperiment?A.Sparrow’steamtypedtheinformationintoacomputer.B.Thetwogroupsrememberedtheinformationequallywell.C.Thefirstgroupdidnottrytoremembertheformation.D.Thesecondgroupdidnotunderstandtheinformation.14.Intransactivememory,people________.A.keeptheinformationinmindB.changethequantityofinformationC.organizeinformationlikeacomputerD.rememberhowtofindtheinformation15.WhatistheeffectoftheInternetaccordingtoSparrow'sresearch?A.Weareusingmemorydifferently.B.Wearebecomingmoreintelligent.C.Wehavepoorermemoriesthanbefore.D.Weneedabetterwaytoaccessinformation.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】本文是爭論文。文章主要講的是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)給人類的記憶帶來的影響。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)運(yùn)用者越來越依靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來儲(chǔ)存信息，人們這樣做是否會(huì)丟失記憶事物的實(shí)力呢？專家懷疑互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可能正在變更人們的記憶內(nèi)容和方式?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.”專家們想知道，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是否正在變更我們的記憶，以及如何變更我們的記憶？這是本文的中心話題。因此推斷，作者運(yùn)用兩個(gè)問句是為了引出要探討的話題。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.”可知第一組沒有試著記住信息。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled"transactivememory(交互記憶)"”可知，在交互記憶里，人們記得怎樣找到信息。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging”可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)人們的記憶產(chǎn)生的影響是它變更了我們運(yùn)用記憶力的方式。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyDoWeGetAngry?Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering（觸發(fā)）events,personalitytraits（特征）,andourassessmentofsituations.___16___Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore._____17_____Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone’spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.____18____Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.___19___Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消極的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.___20___However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.A20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章分析了導(dǎo)致人們生氣的三個(gè)緣由并指出如何防止生氣爆發(fā)?！?6題詳解】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理實(shí)力。上一句提到導(dǎo)致人們生氣的三個(gè)主要緣由：triggering（觸發(fā)）events，personalitytraits（特征），ourassessmentofsituations，下面的幾段具體分析了這三個(gè)緣由與生氣的關(guān)系。故該句應(yīng)當(dāng)起承上啟下的作用，故F選項(xiàng)（假如我們情愿用批判性的目光來評(píng)估自己的話，那么了解這些緣由將會(huì)限制我們的生氣。）承上啟下，故選F?！?7題詳解】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理實(shí)力。該空前面兩句提到引發(fā)生氣的事務(wù)許多，例如：堵車，截止日期接近，身體難受等。下一句提到：某件事會(huì)激發(fā)一個(gè)人的怒氣，但其他人卻不會(huì)為此而生氣的緣由是由于個(gè)人的歷史和心理特征。該空承上啟下，應(yīng)當(dāng)提到某件事會(huì)使某些人生氣，但不會(huì)使別人生氣這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，故G選項(xiàng)（人們對(duì)這些事情的反應(yīng)不一樣，這就導(dǎo)致使一個(gè)人生氣的事情可能會(huì)讓另一個(gè)人生氣，也可能不會(huì)讓另一個(gè)人生氣。）承上啟下，故選G?！?8題詳解】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理實(shí)力。上一句提到：每個(gè)人都有自己的心里不平衡的地方。那些比較好強(qiáng)，氣量比較小的人更簡單生氣。下一句提到：而且，有時(shí)候，pre-anger并不肯定是一種長久的狀態(tài)，而是一種觸發(fā)事務(wù)發(fā)生前的短暫狀態(tài)。該空承上啟下，既要提到上一句中的那些性格特征，又要提到下一句中的pre-anger，故Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.（擁有這些特性特征意味著生氣之前的狀態(tài)，生氣就在你的大腦背景中。）承上啟下，故選E?！?9題詳解】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理實(shí)力。下一句提到：有時(shí)候，甚至常規(guī)性的事務(wù)也會(huì)變成pre-anger或憤怒的來源。有時(shí)候?qū)@些狀況的無知和負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)會(huì)產(chǎn)生生氣。該空位于段首，引出下文，故A選項(xiàng)（我們的對(duì)狀況的看法和看法也會(huì)在我們內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生生氣。）是本段的主題句，概括全段內(nèi)容，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理實(shí)力。下一句提到：但是生氣很簡單轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楸┝?，所以最好了解一下生氣的緣由來阻擋它的存在。該句和上一句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合剩余選項(xiàng)可知，D選項(xiàng)（生氣是一種特殊劇烈的感情，或許人們認(rèn)為他們有理由生氣。）和下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。點(diǎn)睛：七選五解題策略之一：詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和同反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，及正確選項(xiàng)和空格前后句子有相同的詞或同反義詞相互呼應(yīng)。抓住這些復(fù)現(xiàn)線索，題目自然迎刃而解。在第一小題中，空前的themainreasons和G選項(xiàng)中的thesereasons屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。其次小題空前文提到的trigger，G選項(xiàng)中的trigger，和空后一句中的trigger也屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIenteredBerkeley,Ihopedtoearnascholarship.HavingbeenaStraightAstudent,IbelievedIcould___21___toughsubjectsandreallylearnsomething.OnesuchcoursewasWorldLiteraturegivenbyProfessorJayne.Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashe___22___inclass.WhenItookthefirstexamofmybestsubjectEnglish,Iwas___23___tofinda77,Cplus,onmytestpaper.IwenttoProfessorJayne,wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained___24___.Idecidedtotryharder,andIreadthebooksmorecarefully,butgotanother77again.I___25___withProfessorJayne.Again,helistenedpatientlybutwouldn’tchangehis___26___.Onemoretestbeforethefinalexam.Onemorechancetoimprovemygrade.SoIredoubledmyeffortand,forthefirsttime___27___themeaningoftheword“thorough”.Butmyeffortdidnogoodandeverything___28___asbefore.Thelasthurdle(障礙)wasthefinal.Nomatterwhat___29___Igot,itwouldn’tcancelthreeCpluses.Imightaswellkissthe___30___goodbye.Istoppedworkinghard.IfeltIknewthecoursematerialaswellasIeverwould.Thenightbeforethefinal,Ieven___31___myselftoamovie.ThenextdayIdecidedforonceI’dhave___32___withatest.AWeeklater,IwassurprisedtofindIgotanA.IhurriedintoProfessorJayne’soffice.He___33___tobeexpectingme,“IfIgaveyoutheAsyou___34___,youwouldn’tcontinuetoworkhard.”Istaredathim___35___thathisanalysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect.Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:Aplus.ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship.IalwaysrememberedprofessorJayne’slesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence.21.A.take B.discuss C.cover D.get22.A.sought B.presented C.exchanged D.obtained23.A.shocked B.worried C.scared D.anxious24.A.unchanged B.unpleasant C.unfriendly D.unmoved25.A.quarreled B.reasoned C.bargained D.chatted26.A.attitude B.mind C.plan D.view27.A.memorized B.considered C.accepted D.learned28.A.stayed B.went C.worked D.changed29.A.grade B.answer C.lesson D.comment30.A.scholarship B.course C.degree D.subject31.A.helped B.favored C.treated D.relaxed32.A.fun B.luck C.problems D.tricks33.A.happened B.proved C.pretended D.seemed34.A.valued B.imagined C.expected D.welcomed35.A.remembering B.guessing C.supposing D.realizing【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.B26.B27.D28.B29.A30.A31.C32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過敘述自己在Jayne教授所教科目下，努力爭取A級(jí)并獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的故事告知我們：不管做什么事，自身的努力不行或缺，任何人都有泄氣的時(shí)候，但只有通過不斷努力，給自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)，才能不斷進(jìn)步?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)優(yōu)等生，我信任我可以選修一些困難的科目，并真正學(xué)到一些東西。A.take學(xué)習(xí)，讀，修（課程）；B.discuss探討；C.cover覆蓋，涉及；D.get得到。由下文的subjects可推斷，此處表示選修一些課程，學(xué)習(xí)一門課程，修一門課程，習(xí)慣上都用take。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我特別喜愛他在課堂上提出的一些觀點(diǎn)。A.sought尋求；B.presented提出；C.exchanged交換；D.obtained獲得。依據(jù)空格后的“inclass和theideas”可推斷，此處指的是老師在課堂上所提出的觀點(diǎn)思想，是我特別喜愛的，因此作者選修了這門課程，用presentideas。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我參與第一次考試時(shí)，我震驚地發(fā)覺我的試卷上只有77分，一個(gè)C+。A.shocked震驚的；B.worried擔(dān)憂的；C.scared膽怯 的；D.anxious著急的。第一段講我對(duì)自己信念滿滿，可其次段來個(gè)大轉(zhuǎn)折，第一次考試后，意外地發(fā)覺竟然只得了77分，所以是shocked特別驚訝，而worried擔(dān)憂，scared膽怯 ，anxious著急，都不符合人物心理感受。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我去找杰恩教授，他聽了我的論點(diǎn)，但結(jié)果沒有變更。?A.unchanged不變更的；B.unpleasant不快樂的；C.unfriendly不友好的；D.unmoved不為所動(dòng)。依據(jù)“butremained”可知，老師沒有變更給我的分?jǐn)?shù)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我又一次和杰恩教授理論。A.quarreled爭吵；B.reasoned爭論，推理；C.bargained討價(jià)還價(jià)；D.chatted閑談。我再次遭受77分，于是再次去找老師理論，reasonwithsb.與某人講道理,勸服某人。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他又一次耐性地聽著，但就是不愿變更辦法。A.attitude看法；B.mind辦法；C.plan安排；D.view觀點(diǎn)。這里，老師聽完之后，再次麻木不仁，他沒有變更他的...，attitude迷惑性最大，留意，這里探討的還是分?jǐn)?shù)能不能更改的事，而changeone'smind是英語中一個(gè)比較常見的搭配，意為“變更一個(gè)人的想法或確定”，相對(duì)于看法，改分?jǐn)?shù)的事更多是關(guān)于變更確定的。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是我加倍努力，第一次懂得了“徹底”這個(gè)詞的含義。?A.memorized記憶；B.considered考慮；C.accepted接受；D.learned學(xué)習(xí)，得知。這一次，我明顯是舍命學(xué)習(xí)，那么是真的第一次了解到啥叫“徹底”了。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我的努力沒有奏效，一切都像以前一樣。A.stayed停留，保持；B.went進(jìn)行；C.worked工作；D.changed變更。依據(jù)“myeffortswerenogood”可知我的努力結(jié)果不好，跟以前一樣，沒有變更。everythinggoeswell，一切都很順當(dāng)，這里是一切都像從前一樣，用go就很合理了，故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管我得多少分，都不能取消三個(gè)C+。A.grade分?jǐn)?shù)；B.answer答案；C.lesson課程；Dment評(píng)論。依據(jù)后文“threeC-pluses”可知此處指的是分?jǐn)?shù)。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我還是跟獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金說再見吧。A.scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；B.course課程；C.degree學(xué)位；D.subject科目。依據(jù)文章第一段“toearnascholarship”和最終一段“Ireceivedmyscholarship”可知，這里是我以為自己拿不到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金了。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和固定搭配，句意：在期末考試的前一天晚上，我甚至請(qǐng)自己去看了電影。?A.helped幫助；B.favored贊同；C.treated對(duì)待；D.relaxed放松。treatsb.to+飯/消遣活動(dòng)，是固定搭配，意為“請(qǐng)某人吃飯/消遣等”。Ieventreatedmyselftoamovie表示考前很放松，自己掏錢去看電影。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其次天，我確定快樂地考一次試。A.fun樂趣；B.luck運(yùn)氣；C.problems問題；D.tricks陰謀，花招。依據(jù)前文考前請(qǐng)自己看電影，可知這里指“樂趣”。發(fā)覺這時(shí)我是很放松的，甚至考試的時(shí)候，確定把考試當(dāng)作一種fun樂趣，而與luck運(yùn)氣，problems問題，trick把戲技巧，沒有關(guān)系。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他似乎在等我。A.happened發(fā)生；B.proved證明；C.pretended假裝；D.seemed似乎，似乎。happento碰巧；意外，proveto證明，pretendto假裝，seemto似乎，似乎，依據(jù)語境可知，一周后，驚喜地發(fā)覺自己盡然得了A，跑去找老師，發(fā)覺老師似乎早料到我會(huì)來，所以在等。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“假如我給了你所期望的A，你就不會(huì)接著努力學(xué)習(xí)了?！?A.valued珍惜；B.imagined想象；C.expected期盼；D.welcomed歡迎。依據(jù)下文“youwouldn’tcontinuetoworkhard”并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，老師說，假如我原來給了你所期望的成果A，那么你就不會(huì)這么努力付出了。所以是expect期盼期望，其他的都不通。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我盯著他，意識(shí)到他的分析和策略是正確的。A.remembering記?。籅.guessing揣測(cè)；C.supposing猜想；D.realizing意識(shí)到；理解；領(lǐng)悟。下文“hisanalysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect.”是我領(lǐng)悟的，意識(shí)到的東西。此處表示我看著他，這時(shí)才真正明白了他的專心。故選D。其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）Weuseflowersasmessengers,tosaysomethingwemighthavetroublesaying____36____(direct)ourselves.Overtimeflowershavecometosymbolizethemostpowerfulhumanexperiences:beauty,

love,

hope,

andrebirth.Sweet

flowers

alonecan

say____37____onefearsexpressing.

We’velistedsomeofthemostfamous

flowers____38____haveaspecialsignificance.InMaoZedong’spoemOde

to

PlumBlossom(《詠梅》),

theplumblossomwasused____39____(praise)greatsoldierswhosacrificedtheirlivesforabetterlifeforChinesepeople.___40___greatChinesepoetLiBaifromtheTangDynastyoncecomparedYangYuhuan’sbeautifulface

to

bloomingpeonies(牡丹).FloweringinMay,

peonies’largepetalsandstrongcolorsarelinked

to

prosperity(勝利)and____41____(rich)intraditionalChineseculture.Theorchid(蘭花)iswellknownforitsdelicatesmell.Beautifularticlesan