廣東省廣州市普通2025屆高三英語綜合測試試題一含解析

PAGE24-廣東省廣州市一般2025屆高三英語綜合測試試題（一）（含解析）本試卷共10頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。留意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和考生號、試室號、座位號填寫在答題卡上，并用2B鉛筆在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置填涂考生號及試卷類型（B）。因聽力另考，試卷從其次部分的“閱讀理解”起先，試題序號從“21”起先。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案信息點涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。寫在本試卷上無效。3.回答非選擇題時，必需用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必需寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)運用鉛筆和涂改液。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ByWENQIANGABritishMuseumWhentheBritishMuseumopenedin1759itwasthefirstofitskindintheworld:theonlynationalmuseumopentothepublic.Itwas–andstillis–freetovisit.Thedisplaysareorganisedbylocationandtimeperiod:AncientIran,Greece,Chinafrom5000BConwards,RomanBritainandsoon.Overwhelmed?Followafreeeye-openertouronyoursmartphoneorbookontotheAroundtheWorldin90Minutesguidedtour.NationalGalleryYoucan’tmissthisartisticinstitutioninTrafalgarSquare.Thereyoucanseesomeoftheworld’sfinestworksofartforfree.Foundedin1824todisplayacollectionofjust36paintings,todaytheNationalGalleryishometoover2,000worksfromartistssuchasdaVinci,vanGoghandPicasso.TheNationalGalleryhostsfreeafter-workeventsforadults.Soifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutthesefamousartworksoveraglassofwine,comealong.ScienceMuseumOneofLondon'sfavoritehands-onmuseums,theScienceMuseumfeaturessevenfloorsofentertainingandeducationalexhibits,includingtheApollo10Spaceship!Ifyou'regoingwithlittleones,headtoPatternPodorTheGarden,wherechildrencandirectlyexplorebasicscientificprincipleswithsoundandwater.CartoonMuseumThishighlyentertainingLondontouristattractioncoversthehistoryanddevelopmentofBritishcartoonfromthe18thcenturytothepresentday.Seehowartistsportrayedimportanteventsandthegreatandgoodoverthecenturies.It’sgreatvalueatonly?7.00forentry.1.Whichmuseumprovidesafreedigitalguide?A.BritishMuseum.B.NationalGallery.C.ScienceMuseum.D.CartoonMuseum.2.HowistheScienceMuseumdifferentfromtheotherthree?A.Itistheonlyonewhereentryisfree.B.Itoffersfreeeventsafterregularworkinghours.C.Itallowsvisitorstocarryoutsimpleexperiments.D.ItisthemuseumwiththelongesthistoryinLondon.3.Wherewouldyoumostlikelyfindthispassage?A.InaBritishschoolbook.B.OnaLondonstreetmap.C.InaLondontourismguidebook.D.OntheBritishMuseumEntranceBoard.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了倫敦的四個博物館。【1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Thedisplaysareorganisedbylocationandtimeperiod:AncientIran,Greece,Chinafrom5000BConwards,RomanBritainandsoon.Overwhelmed?Followafreeeye-openertouronyoursmartphoneorbookontotheAroundtheWorldin90Minutesguidedtour”可知，在BritishMuseum，展覽按地點和時間支配:古代伊朗、希臘、公元前5000年起的中國、羅馬時期的英國等等。假如你感到不知所措，那么，你可以在您的智能手機上進行一場讓你大開眼界的免費之旅。由此可知，BritishMuseum供應(yīng)免費的數(shù)字向?qū)А９蔬xA。【2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Ifyou'regoingwithlittleones,headtoPatternPodorTheGarden,wherechildrencandirectlyexplorebasicscientificprincipleswithsoundandwater”可知，假如你和小孩子一起去，去PatternPodorTheGarden，在那里孩子們可以干脆用聲音和水探究基本的科學(xué)原理。C選項（游客們可以做一些簡潔的試驗）表達此意。其余幾個博物館均未提到這一點。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。文章介紹了四個倫敦聞名的博物館。游客們依據(jù)這些介紹去參觀了解這些博物館。由此可知，該文章有可能出現(xiàn)在倫敦旅游指南上。故選C?！军c睛】細心審題，干脆就題找答案。解答此類試題時，不必通篇細看原文，而應(yīng)實行“帶著問題找答案”的方法，先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語（題眼），然后以此為線索，運用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中找尋與此問題相關(guān)的：段落、語句，細致品嘗，比照比較，確定答案。例如第1題，可以干脆依據(jù)題干中的“free”將信息干脆鎖定到第一段。BAdrianaputdowntheknife,steppedbackandlookedatherfinishedpainting.Shewasusuallyherownworstcritic,buttodayAdrianawaspleasedwithwhatshesaw.Sunsetwasherbestworkyet!Notthatherclassmateswouldagree.Theirreactiontoherabstractartwasalways“What’sthatsupposedtobe?”or“Artistsusebrushestopaint,notknives,stringandcloth.”Still,shedidn’tcare.Adrianapaintedtopleaseherself,notothers.WhensheshowedtheworktoMr.Marcus,hermiddleschoolartteacher,thenetday,heshookhisheadandsaidsternly,“PleaseAdriana,I’vehadenoughofthis.”AnyonehearingthiscommentanditstonewouldnaturallythinkMr.Marcuswascriticizingherwork,butitwashisfrustrationspeaking.HelovedAdriana’spaintingsandhadrepeatedlybeggedhertoshowthempublicly.Shealwaysrefused.Ashermiddleschoolgraduationapproached,however,Adrianabeganworryingaboutuniversity.Herparentswouldcoverherstudyfees,butAdrianaplannedtopayforheruniversitybooks,artsuppliesandaccommodationherself.So,thistime,whenMr.Marcusmadethesuggestion,Adrianaagreed.AdisbelievinggrinappearedonMr.Marcus’sface.Thefollowingday,aftercheckingthenewspapersandvisitingseverallocalrealestateoffices,AdrianaandMr.Marcuswanderedaroundthetownlookingforasuitablelocation.Finally,though,theycouldnotfindanythingwithintheirpricerange.Attheday’send,thepairenteredasmallcoffeeshoptorest.Mr.MarcuscouldseethedisappointmentonAdriana’sfaceand,asawomancametotaketheirorder,said,“Don'tworry.We’llfindsomewheretoshowyourart.”O(jiān)nhearingthis,thewomansaid,“Didyousayart?Youknowweshowlocalartists’worksrighthereinthecafé,”pointingtothepaintingshangingonthewalls.“Bringafewofyourpiecesaroundtomorrowformetolookat.I’mSusanbytheway,theowner.”AfterthankingSusanforheroffer,AdrianaandMr.Marcusleftthecafeinamazement.ThenextmorningAdrianabroughtalongSunsetandMr.MarcusthetwopaintingsofAdriana’she’dpurchasedearlierthatyear.Susanstudiedthepaintingsinsilence,concentratinghardoneachone.Afterwhatfeltlikealifetime,sheturnedtoAdrianaandsaid,“I’dbehonouredtohangtheseinmycafé.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutAdrianafromthefirstparagraph?A.Shewasveryindependentinherthinking.B.Shewasnotverypopularwithherclassmates.C.Shewaseasilyaffectedbyotherpeople’sopinions.D.Shewasveryconfidentinherownartisticabilities.5.WhatwasMr.Marcus’sopinionofAdriana’spaintings?A.Stronglycritical.B.Verypositive.C.Somewhatfrustrating.D.Alittleconfusing.6.WhydidAdrianafinallyagreetoshowherartwork?A.Herhighschoolgraduationwasgettingnearer.B.ShefeltguiltyabouttroublingMr.Marcus.C.Herparentswereindesperateneedofmoney.D.Shewantedtohelpsupportherselfduringuniversity.7.Adrianafinallyfoundaplacetoshowherartworkmainlybecauseof________.A.friendlyencouragementB.strongdeterminationC.carefulplanningD.goodluck【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。Adriana想展出自己的作品，但是找不到合適的地方。最終她無意中遇到一位咖啡店店主，店主同意在她的店里展出Adriana的作品。4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“…Notthatherclassmateswouldagree.Theirreactiontoherabstractartwasalways“What’sthatsupposedtobe?”or“Artistsusebrushestopaint,notknives,stringandcloth.”Still,shedidn’tcare.Adrianapaintedtopleaseherself,notothers”可知，Adriana的同學(xué)們不能理解她的抽象藝術(shù)。但是，Adriana并不在乎。Adriana畫畫是為了取悅自己，而不是為了取悅別人。由此推知，她有自己的獨立的思想，并不在乎別人的看法。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“HelovedAdriana’spaintingsandhadrepeatedlybeggedhertoshowthempublicly”可知，Mr.Marcus喜愛Adriana的畫作，曾多次懇求她公開展示。因此，他對于Adriana的作品持確定的看法。故選B?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Adrianaplannedtopayforheruniversitybooks,artsuppliesandaccommodationherself.So,thistime,whenMr.Marcusmadethesuggestion,Adrianaagreed”可知，Adriana支配自己支付她的高校書籍，藝術(shù)用品和住宿的費用。所以，這一次，當(dāng)Mr.Marcus提出建議時，Adriana同意了。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終兩段可知，Adriana和Mr.Marcus在多方找尋無果的狀況下，在一家咖啡店談及此事時，店主聽到了他們的交談，然后店主讓他們把作品拿過來看看。最終，店主同意Adrian將作品在她的店內(nèi)展出。這一切都是一種巧合。由此可知，Adriana是由于好運才找到展出作品的地方的。故選D?！军c睛】依據(jù)事實細微環(huán)節(jié)，推斷合理信息。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，作出確定推斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字依據(jù)的推理，也不能依據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說，要做到推斷有據(jù)，推論有理，忠實原文。切忌用自己的觀點代替作者的本意，切忌片面思索，得出片面結(jié)論。例如其次題，考生依據(jù)其次段中的“Mr.Marcus喜愛Adriana的畫作，曾多次懇求她公開展示”干脆推斷出Mr.Marcus對Adriana的畫作的看法。CAswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftencomesup.MannedbasesontheMoonorMarsforexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturaldesiretoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotoextendhumanity'spresenceonapermanentoratleastsemi-permanentbasis.Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoonforexample,acolonymustbeself-sustainingandprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,harshenvironmentoutside.Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertimethereisalsothepossibilityofmodifyingthesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco-existingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming-adjustingMars’atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth-like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge-scalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits.Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.WhatifMarsislifeless?Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We’vealreadydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheircurrentnaturalstate,wecanlearnsomuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciate(hedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformingthemtosuitourownambitions.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AIstherelifeonMars?B.CanweadapttoMars?C.ShouldweterraformMars?DAreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?9.WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?A.Ensurethatit'snotharmed.B.NegotiatewiththeMartians.C.Changetheunpopulatedregions.D.Assesstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indigenous”inparagraph3mean?A.Complex. B.Native.C.Foreign. D.Intelligent.11.Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?A.Byreferringtoothers'research.B.Byevaluatingdifferentplanets.C.Byjustifyingthebenefitsofterraforming.D.Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇爭論文。文章論述了人類是否應(yīng)當(dāng)移民火星，在火星上大規(guī)模建立定居點這個問題?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。第一、二段提出問題：我們應(yīng)當(dāng)調(diào)整火星的大氣和環(huán)境，使它更像地球嗎?其次段提出：首先要弄清晰火星上是否有原生生命，假如有，那么在火星上建立大規(guī)模人類定居點應(yīng)當(dāng)是完全禁止的。第三段提出：假如火星沒有生命，也要盡可能地愛護原始的、獨特的外星環(huán)境。不能為了自己的野心而損害火星。綜上，文章主要回答了這個問題：人類是否應(yīng)當(dāng)移民火星，在火星上大規(guī)模建立定居點。故選C?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“l(fā)ivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist”可知，假如火星上存在任何原生棲息地，生活在火星上就不應(yīng)當(dāng)以犧牲它們?yōu)榇鷥r。即：要保證火星生物不受損害。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中“OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone”可知，該段第一句提出問題：火星上是否有原生生命，假如有，是否應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能地愛護?然后下文回答，假如火星上存在任何原生棲息地，生活在火星上就不應(yīng)當(dāng)以犧牲它們?yōu)榇鷥r。由此推知，該畫線詞所表達的意思應(yīng)為：假如火星是任何土著生命的家園，那么地球改造應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個不存在的問題：這根本不應(yīng)當(dāng)做。因此，畫線詞的意思應(yīng)為“native”。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。第一、二段提出問題：我們應(yīng)當(dāng)調(diào)整火星的大氣和環(huán)境，使它更像地球嗎?其次段提出：首先要弄清晰火星上是否有原生生命，假如有，那么在火星上建立大規(guī)模人類定居點應(yīng)當(dāng)是完全禁止的。第三段提出：假如火星沒有生命，也要盡可能地愛護原始的、獨特的外星環(huán)境。不能為了自己的野心而損害火星。因此，本文主要通過論述來闡明一個觀點：無論是否在火星上建立人類定居點，我們都不應(yīng)當(dāng)破壞火星的原始環(huán)境。其余選項，A（提到別人的探討）；B（評估不同的星球）；C（證明改造的好處）均未提到。故選D?！军c睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如爭論文中找尋表達作者觀點看法的詞句，記敘文找尋概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。例如第1題，考生通過概括每段的主要意思，然后總結(jié)概括出文章的主旨大意。DAfter400years,WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)isstillwidelycelebratedasagreatcrafteroflanguageandplaywright(劇作家).Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofdramaticwritingtodiein1616,andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastingimpactontheatre.Whilelessknownworldwide,TangXianzuisrightlyconsideredChina’sgreatestplaywrightandishighlyadmiredinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan,JiangxiProvince,andworkedasagovernmentofficialuntil,in1598andaged49,heretiredtofocusonwriting.UnlikeShakespeare'slargebodyofplaysandpoems,Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin,ADreamunderaSouthernBough,DreamofHandanandThePeonyPavilion-widelyconsideredtobehismasterpiece.Inthelatterthree,muchofthestoryistoldthroughdreamsequences.Tangusedthesescenestoexplorehumanemotionsinwaysthatchallengedthefeudalsystemofhistime.ItisasimilardreamstructurethatwefindinShakespeare^AMidsummerNight'sDream.TanglivedtowardstheendoftheMingDynasty(1368-1644)and,similarlytoShakespeare,hislastingsuccesswaspartlyduetothegrowthoftheatreasanartisticpracticeduringhislifetime.AsinShakespeare'sEngland,itbecamehugelypopularinChina,withpublictheatresopeningindifferentcitiesandtravelingperformancegroupsbecomingcommon.Theatricalaudiencesstartedtopopulateopenpublicspaces,andtheatreasapopularformofentertainmentfounditsplaceoutsidepalaces.However,unlikeinShakespeare’sEngland,therewashardlyanymixingoftherichwithcommonersattheatricalevents.Duringthistime,thewayinwhichplay-textswereenjoyed,spreadandperformedalsochanged.Initially,Chinesedramashadanemphasisonpoeticlanguageandweredistributedinbookform,tobereadlikenovels.Theywereseldom,ifever,performed.However,fromthemid-16thcentury,kunquopera,aformofmusicaldrama,spreadfromsouthernChinatobecomeasymbolofChineseculture.WhileTangandShakespearelivedaworldawayfromeachother,theyshareincommonthehumanityoftheirdrama,theirheroicfigures,theirloveforlanguage,alastingpopularity—andtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.12.WhydoesthewriterrefertoShakespearethroughoutthisarticleaboutTang?A.Tocomparethewritingstylesofthewriters.B.ToemphasizeTang’simportanceinliterature.C.Toassesstheachievementsofthesetwogreatwriters.D.ToexaminethedifferentinfluencesofTangandShakespeare.13.WhatdistinguishesThePurpleHairpinfromTang’sotherplays?A.Itdoesnotrelyheavilyondreamscenes.B.Itiswidelyconsideredtobehisbestwork.C.Itwastheonlyplaytobepubliclyperformed.D.ItchallengedthefeudalsystemofancientChina.14.WhatcharacteristicwassharedbybothEnglishandChinesetheatreduringTang’slifetime?A.Musicandpoetrywerepresentinmostperformances.B.Thepopularityofpublictheatricalperformancesgrewrapidly.C.Differentsocialclassesoftenattendedthesameperformances.D.Mostplayswerewrittentobereadasnovelsratherthanperformed.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Tang’splaysweresuperiortohispoems.B.TangismorewidelyreadthanShakespeare.C.TangisthebestplaywrightinChinesehistory.D.TangandShakespeareknewofeachothersworks.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了湯顯祖的作品特點和時代意義?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。第一句提到：威廉·莎士比亞是世界語言大師和劇作家。其次句一轉(zhuǎn)折，提到：他并不是唯一一個在1616年去世的戲劇大師，他也確定不是唯一一個對戲劇產(chǎn)生深遠影響的作家。接著文章就提出湯顯祖。下文中，不斷地將莎士比亞和湯顯祖比照，以此凸顯湯顯祖的藝術(shù)成就和作用。故選B。13題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin,ADreamunderaSouthernBough,DreamofHandanandThePeonyPavilion-widelyconsideredtobehismasterpiece.Inthelatterthree,muchofthestoryistoldthroughdreamsequences”可知，除去thePurpleHairpin，其余三部戲劇均是通過夢境來講解并描述的。只有thePurpleHairpin不是這樣。故選A?！?4題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“AsinShakespeare'sEngland,itbecamehugelypopularinChina,withpublictheatresopeningindifferentcitiesandtravelingperformancegroupsbecomingcommon.Theatricalaudiencesstartedtopopulateopenpublicspaces,andtheatreasapopularformofentertainmentfounditsplaceoutsidepalaces”可知，就像在莎士比亞的英國，它在中國特別受歡迎，在不同的城市開設(shè)了公共劇院，旅游表演團體也變得普遍起來。戲劇觀眾起先聚集在開放的公共場所，劇院作為一種流行的消遣形式在宮殿之外找到了自己的位置。B選項（公眾戲劇表演快速普及）表達此意。故選B?！?5題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“TangXianzuisrightlyconsideredChina’sgreatestplaywrightandishighlyadmiredinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions”可知，湯顯祖被認為是中國最宏大的劇作家，在中國有著悠久的文學(xué)和戲劇傳統(tǒng)。故選C。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Upintheair—ahistoryofballooningThefirstkindofairtransportationwastheballoon.Peopletraveledbyballoononehundredyearsbeforetherewereplanesorjetaircraft.Thoseearlydaysofballooningwereexciting,buttheywerealsorisky.___16___However,thedangerdidnotstoptheballoonists.ThefirstrealballoonflightwasinFrancein1783.TwoFrenchbrothersmadeaballoon.___17___Hotairislighterthancoldair,soitgoesup.Thehotairballoonwentup1,000feetinthesky.___18___Theybuiltafireundertheballoontomaketheairhot.Thismadetheballoonstayupintheairforafewhours.Buttheirballoonwastiedtotheground.Soitcouldnotgoanywhere.Soonballooniststriedlongerflights.In1785,anAmericanandaFrenchmanflewovertheEnglishChannel.TheyleftEnglandonacold,clearJanuaryday.Halfwayacross,theirballoonbegantodroptowardthewater.Theythrewoutsomeequipmentandfoodtomaketheballoonlighter.Theballooncontinuedtofall,sotheythrewoutalmosteverythinginthebasket-evensomeoftheirclothes.___19___Duringthenineteenthcentury,ballooningbecameapopularsportandballoonswerealsousedbyscientiststostudytheairandbyarmiesinwartime.Aftertheairplanewasinvented,however,interestinballoonsdecreaseddramatically.Butsomepeopletodaystillliketogoupinballoons.___20___What’smore,theyhaveawonderfulviewoftheworldbelow.A.Theyfilledaverylargepaperbagwithhotair.B.Highupintheballoonbasket,theyfindquiet.C.Sometimestheballoonsfellsuddenlyandsometimestheyburned.D.Backthen,fewpeopleunderstoodhowtheywereabletoflysofar.E.Finally,afteraboutthreehours,theylandedinFrance,coldbutsafe.F.Balloonracesanddisplaysremainpopularallovertheworldtothisveryday.G.Laterthatsameyear,twootherFrenchmenascendedinabasketunderaballoon.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.E20.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了熱氣球發(fā)展的歷史過程?！?6題詳解】空前提到：早期的熱氣球是令人興奮的，但也有風(fēng)險。該空承接上文，且和空后一句（危急并沒有阻擋氣球駕駛員）構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此，該空應(yīng)當(dāng)仍舊提到熱氣球的危急。C選項（有時氣球會突然掉下來，有時會燃燒起來）符合語境。故選C。17題詳解】前一句提到：兩個法國兄弟做了一個氣球。該空承接上文，應(yīng)當(dāng)介紹兩兄弟做氣球的相關(guān)信息。A選項（他們在一個很大的紙袋里裝滿了熱空氣）符合語境。故選A?！?8題詳解】下一句提到：他們在氣球下面生了一堆火，使空氣變熱。該空位于句首，結(jié)合空后一句中的they可知，該空接著介紹熱氣球的發(fā)展，且空處應(yīng)當(dāng)提到表示人的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。結(jié)合選項，G選項（同年晚些時候，另外兩名法國人乘坐一個氣球下的籃子升了上去）符合語境。故選G?！?9題詳解】該段敘述的是1875年，一位法國人和美國人乘坐熱氣球橫跨英吉利海峽的過程?？涨疤岬?，走到一半的時候，熱氣球起先下降，他們不得不將熱氣球上的東西扔掉。該空承接上文，E選項（最終，大約三個小時后，他們在法國著陸了，雖然很冷，但很平安）符合語境。故選E?！?0題詳解】空前提到：今日有些人仍舊喜愛乘氣球上去?？蘸蟮膚hat’smore介紹的人們乘坐熱氣球的緣由。該空和空后并列，應(yīng)當(dāng)分析這些人喜愛乘坐氣球的緣由。B選項（在氣球籃里，他們找到了寧靜）符合語境。故選B。第三部分：英語學(xué)問運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Aspecialdelightformanybookloversistoopenacovertofindamapsecretedinside.Itisfilledwiththedetailsoflandabouttobe___21___.Awriter’smaphintsatafullyimaginedworld.Atthebeginningofabook,it’sapromiseofwhatistocome.Inthemiddle,it’saguidethroughthefictionalenvironment.Andattheend,amapisa___22___ofalltheplacesthe___23___hastakenyouto.Anewbook,TheWriter’sMap,containsdozensof___24___maps.Someweredrawnby___25___,whileothersweremadebyartiststo___26___placesthatwritershave___27___intheirstories.“Allmapsareproductsofhuman___28___,”sayHuwLewis-Jones,thebook’seditor.“Forsomewriters,makingamapisabsolutely___29___toshapingandtellingtheirtale.”Thebookfeaturesessaysbyauthorsandmapmakers,manyofwhom___30___TreasureIsland,anovelaboutamagicaltreasurehunting___31___onthehighseas.Itcontainsoneofthemostwell-known___32___inliterature.Theauthorfirstsketchedthemapin1881forhisstepson.AredX___33___theplacewherethetreasurewas___34___.The___35___ofTreasureIslandinspiredotherwritersto___36___mapsintheirownstories.Thisisanexperience___37___sharedbymap-lovingwriters.Forsomewriters,mapmakingisa___38___waytopullthemselvesintotheirownwork.“Ialways___39___mywayintostories,”writesAbiElphinstone,authoroftheDreamsnatcherbooks.“Ibegineverystorybydrawingamapbecauseitisonlywhenmy___40___startmovingfromplacetoplacethataplotunfolds.”21.A.occupied B.sold C.measured D.discovered22.A.reminder B.model C.classification D.possibility23.A.secret B.guide C.story D.land24.A.dated B.original C.International D.official25.A.writers B.explorers C.painters D.editors26.A.search B.remember C.illustrate D.suggest27.A.decided B.located C.recognized D.created28.A.evolution B.imagination C.nature D.history29.A.new B.central C.secure D.unnecessary30.A.envy B.copy C.mention D.criticize31.A.adventure B.job C.report D.tradition32.A.essays B.ideas C.tales D.maps33.A.marks B.predicts C.covers D.divides34.A.displayed B.buried C.lost D.stolen35.A.ending B.meaning C.cover D.success36.A.study B.compare C.include D.promote37.A.randomly B.unwillingly C.commonly D.theoretically38.A.challenging B.practical C.unique D.complicated39.A.draw B.make C.trick D.lose40.A.feet B.words C.memories D.characters【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.B30.C31.A32.D33.A34.B35.D36.C37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。很多作家在自己的小說中畫入了地圖。地圖的運用引領(lǐng)讀者了解故事情節(jié)。文章以《金銀島》、AbiElphinstone為例，闡述了地圖在小說中起的作用?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它充溢了即將被發(fā)覺的土地的細微環(huán)節(jié)。A.occupied占據(jù)；B.sold賣；C.measured測量，衡量；D.discovered發(fā)覺。前一句提到人們剛剛打開封皮。那么，這幅地圖描繪的是讀者將要發(fā)覺的那片土地的細微環(huán)節(jié)。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，地圖會提示你這個故事帶你到過的全部地方。A.reminder提示的人/物；B.model模型，榜樣；C.classification分類，類別；D.possibility可能性。在一本書的末尾，再看地圖，這就會讓讀者想起這個故事帶你去過的全部地方。即：地圖是一個“提示物”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，地圖會提示你這個故事帶你到過的全部地方。A.secret隱私；B.guide向?qū)?，?dǎo)游；C.story故事；D.land陸地。依據(jù)前一句中的“thefictionalenvironment”可知，在一本書的末尾，再看地圖，這就會讓讀者想起這本書里敘述的“故事”帶你去過的全部地方。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一本名為《作家的地圖》的新書包含了數(shù)十幅原創(chuàng)地圖。A.dated陳舊的，過時的；B.original原創(chuàng)的，最初的；C.International國際的；D.official正式的，正式的。依據(jù)后面的“Someweredrawnby___5___,whileothersweremadebyartiststo___6___placesthatwritershave___7___intheirstories”可知，這些地圖是原創(chuàng)的。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有些是作家畫的，有些是藝術(shù)家畫的，用來說明作家在他們的故事中創(chuàng)建的地方。A.writers作家，作者；B.explorers探究者；C.painters畫家；D.editors編輯。依據(jù)前面的“TheWriter’sMap”可知，里面一些地圖是由作者畫的。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有些是作家畫的，有些是藝術(shù)家畫的，用來說明作家在他們的故事中創(chuàng)建的地方。A.search搜尋；B.remember記住，記起；C.illustrate說明，闡明；D.suggest表明，建議。制作地圖的目的就是為了說明故事里的那些地方。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有些是作家畫的，有些是藝術(shù)家畫的，用來說明作家在他們的故事中創(chuàng)建的地方。A.decided確定；B.located使坐落于……；C.recognized認出；D.created創(chuàng)建。書里的地方都是作者在故事中創(chuàng)建出來的。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：全部的地圖都是人類想象力的產(chǎn)物。A.evolution演化，進化；B.imagination想象；C.nature大自然；D.history歷史。人們的想象力導(dǎo)致了地圖的產(chǎn)生。故選B。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對一些作家來說，繪制地圖確定是塑造和講解并描述故事的核心。A.new新的；B.central中心的；C.secure平安的；D.unnecessary沒有必要的。依據(jù)下一句“Thebookfeaturesessaysbyauthorsandmapmakers”可知，這本書以作者和地圖制作者的文章為特色。由此推知，繪制地圖對于一些作家來說是塑造和講解并描述故事的中心。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書的特色是作者和地圖制作者的文章，其中很多人提到了《金銀島》，這是一部關(guān)于在公海上找尋奇妙寶藏的冒險故事的小說。A.envy嫉妒，艷羨；B.copy復(fù)制，抄寫；C.mention提及；D.criticize指責(zé)。很多作者和地圖制作者都提到到了《金銀島》這部小說。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書的特色是作者和地圖制作者的文章，其中很多人提到了《金銀島》，這是一部關(guān)于在公海上找尋奇妙寶藏的冒險故事的小說。A.adventure冒險；B.job工作；C.report報告，報道；D.tradition傳統(tǒng)。依據(jù)“amagicaltreasurehunting”可知，這本小說是一部關(guān)于在公海上找尋奇妙寶藏的冒險故事的小說。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它包含了文學(xué)中最聞名的地圖之一。A.essays散文；B.ideas想法，辦法；C.tales故事，傳聞；D.maps地圖。依據(jù)下一句“Theauthorfirstsketchedthemapin1881forhisstepson”可知，這本書中包含了文學(xué)中最聞名的地圖之一。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個紅色的X標(biāo)記寶藏埋藏的地方。A.marks標(biāo)記著；B.predicts預(yù)料；C.covers覆蓋；D.divides劃分。一個紅色的X標(biāo)記寶藏埋藏的地方。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個紅色的X標(biāo)記寶藏埋藏的地方。A.displayed顯示；B.buried安葬；C.lost失去；D.stolen偷。依據(jù)上文可知，這本小說是尋寶小說，因此，紅色的X標(biāo)記寶藏埋藏的地方。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：《金銀島》的勝利促使其他作家在自己的故事中加入地圖。A.ending結(jié)束，結(jié)尾；B.meaning意義，意思；C.cover封面，封皮；D.success勝利。依據(jù)后面很多作家受其啟發(fā)在自己的故事中加入地圖可以推知，這本小說特別勝利。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：《金銀島》的勝利促使其他作家在自己的故事中加入地圖。A.study學(xué)習(xí)；B.compare比較；C.include使成為……的一部分，包括；D.promote促進。依據(jù)下文中的“Ibegineverystorybydrawingamap”可知，很多作家都將地圖加入自己的故事中，使之成為其中的一部分。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這是酷愛地圖的作家們共同的經(jīng)驗。A.randomly隨意地；B.unwillingly不樂意地；C.commonly一般地，通常地；D.theoretically理論地。依據(jù)前一句可知，很多作家通常都將地圖列為自己小說的一部分。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于一些作家來說，制作地圖是一種切實可行的方法，可以讓他們?nèi)硇耐度氲阶约旱墓ぷ髦腥ァ.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；B.practical實際的，切實可行的；C.unique獨一無二的；D.complicated困難的。依據(jù)“topullthemselvesintotheirownwork”可知，制作地圖可以讓他們?nèi)硇耐度氲阶约旱墓ぷ髦腥?，由此推知，這是一種切實可行的方法。故選B。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是把我的路畫到故事中去。A.draw畫；B.make制造；C.trick欺瞞；D.lose失去。依據(jù)下一句中的“Ibegineverystorybydrawingamap”可知，AbiElphinstone把地圖畫進自己的故事中，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我以繪制地圖起先每一個故事，因為只有當(dāng)我的角色起先從一個地方移動到另一個地方時，情節(jié)才會綻開。A.feet腳；B.words詞；C.memories記憶力；D.characters角色，品質(zhì)，特點。故事情節(jié)的綻開是隨著故事里角色的移動綻開的。故選D。其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OlympicandParalympicmedalsfortheTokyo2024Gameswillbemadefromrecycledmobilephonesdonatedbythepublic.Olympichostcitieshave___41___(tradition)obtainedthemetalfromminingfirms.ButJapan,___42___lacksitsownmineralresources,iskeenontakingthethemeofasustainablefutureastep___43___(far).“AprojectwhichallowsthepeopleofJapan___44___(participate)increatingthemedalsisreallygood,andhelpsraisetheenvironmentalawarenessofourcitizens,”saidTokyo2024sports___45___(direct)KojiMurofushi.“___46___theresourcesofoureartharelimited,weneedtorecyclemoreandavoidwaste.Thisprogramissettinganexample”Collectionboxeshavebeenplacedinlocalofficesandtelecomstoresandtheywillremainthereuntilthemetalrequired___47___(collect).Membersoftheorganizingcommitteeputforwardtheidea___48___governmentofficialsandcompaniesearlierthisyearandwontheirsupport.Asaresult,themedalshangingaroundOlympicwinners’neckswillcarryevenmoremeaningthanusual.People’spersonalmemories,once___49___(store)intheirsmartphonesandotherhandhelddevices,willtaketheroundshapeofanOlympicmedal,oneofthemostprecious____50____(prize)insport.【答案】41.traditionally42.which43.further44.toparticipate45.director46.As/Because/Since47.iscollected/hasbeencollected48.to49.stored50.prizes【解析】這是一篇新聞報道類文章。2024年東京奧運會和殘奧會的獎牌將由公眾捐贈的回收手機制成?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：奧運會主辦城市通常從礦業(yè)公司獲得金屬。該空修飾動詞o