新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第8章 第01講 直線的方程 精練（學(xué)生版）

第01講直線的方程(精練）A夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)B能力提升C綜合素養(yǎng)A夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)一、單選題1．已知直線SKIPIF1<0的傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0，且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0軸上的截距為SKIPIF1<0，則直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為（）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<02．直線SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0軸上的截距為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．已知SKIPIF1<0的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的高CD所在的直線方程是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<04．若直線l的方程是SKIPIF1<0，則（

）A．直線經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，斜率為SKIPIF1<0；B．直線經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，斜率為SKIPIF1<0；C．直線經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，斜率為SKIPIF1<0；D．直線經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，斜率為1.5．已知SKIPIF1<0為非零實(shí)數(shù)，且滿足SKIPIF1<0，則一次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象一定經(jīng)過(guò)第（

）象限．A．一 B．二 C．三 D．四6．無(wú)論SKIPIF1<0取何值，直線SKIPIF1<0恒過(guò)定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，則點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<07．設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，若直線ax+y+2=0與線段AB有交點(diǎn)，則a的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<08．已知直線SKIPIF1<0恒過(guò)定點(diǎn)A，點(diǎn)A在直線SKIPIF1<0上，其中m、n均為正數(shù)，則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為（

）A．4 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．8 D．SKIPIF1<0二、多選題9．下列說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤的是（

）A．平面直角坐標(biāo)系內(nèi)的任意一條直線都存在傾斜角和斜率B．點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0C．直線SKIPIF1<0與兩坐標(biāo)軸圍成的三角形的面積是2D．經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且在x軸和y軸上截距都相等的直線方程為SKIPIF1<010．已知直線SKIPIF1<0，動(dòng)直線SKIPIF1<0，則下列結(jié)論正確的是（

）A．不存在SKIPIF1<0，使得SKIPIF1<0的傾斜角為90° B．對(duì)任意的SKIPIF1<0，直線SKIPIF1<0恒過(guò)定點(diǎn)C．對(duì)任意的SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0都不重合 D．對(duì)任意的SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0都有公共點(diǎn)三、填空題11．已知直線l被兩條直線SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0截得的線段的中點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0，則直線l的一般式方程為______．12．在平面直角坐標(biāo)系SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)，經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線分別與SKIPIF1<0軸、SKIPIF1<0軸的正半軸交于SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)，則SKIPIF1<0面積最小值為______．四、解答題13．已知直角坐標(biāo)平面SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)的兩點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0.(1)求線段SKIPIF1<0的中垂線所在直線的方程；(2)一束光線從點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0射向SKIPIF1<0軸，反射后的光線過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，求反射光線所在的直線方程.14．已知直線SKIPIF1<0過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.(1)若直線SKIPIF1<0在兩坐標(biāo)軸上的截距相等，求直線SKIPIF1<0的方程；(2)若直線SKIPIF1<0與x，y軸分別交于A，B兩點(diǎn)且斜率為負(fù)，O為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)，求SKIPIF1<0的最小值.B能力提升1．若關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0，且SKIPIF1<0，則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值為______.2．經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作直線SKIPIF1<0，若直線SKIPIF1<0與連接SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)的線段總有公共點(diǎn)，則直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為________．3．已知SKIPIF1<0，動(dòng)直線SKIPIF1<0：SKIPIF1<0過(guò)定點(diǎn)A，動(dòng)直線SKIPIF1<0：SKIPIF1<0過(guò)定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，若直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0相交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0異于點(diǎn)A，SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0周長(zhǎng)的最大值為___________.4．已知點(diǎn)A（2，-1），B（3，m），若SKIPIF1<0，則直線AB的傾斜角的取值范圍為__________．5．設(shè)SKIPIF1<0，過(guò)定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的動(dòng)直線SKIPIF1<0和過(guò)定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的動(dòng)直線SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的最大值______.C綜合素養(yǎng)1．設(shè)直線l的方程為SKIPIF1<0(1)求證：不論a為何值，直線l必過(guò)一定點(diǎn)P；(2)若直線l分別與x軸正半軸，y軸正半軸交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0面積為12時(shí)，求SKIPIF1<0的周長(zhǎng)；2．已知直線SKIPIF1<0.(1)當(dāng)m取任何值時(shí)，直線l是否過(guò)定點(diǎn)，若過(guò)定點(diǎn)，求出定點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)；(2)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0，且直線l與兩坐標(biāo)軸分別交于A?B，求SKIPIF1<0