空氣聲隔聲試驗(yàn)

實(shí)驗(yàn)(7)空氣聲隔聲測(cè)量一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康暮鸵罅私馊绾螠p少外界的聲音傳入室內(nèi)，或者室內(nèi)的噪聲傳入鄰室形成干擾。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)加強(qiáng)對(duì)墻體、樓板、和門窗等構(gòu)件的隔聲性能的認(rèn)識(shí)，有利于合理的進(jìn)行隔聲設(shè)計(jì)和施工。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容測(cè)試辦公室圍護(hù)墻的空氣聲隔聲性能。測(cè)試原理根據(jù)建筑聲學(xué)原理，判斷隔墻降低房間噪聲實(shí)際效果的最終指標(biāo)是：隔墻一邊的噪聲發(fā)聲室的聲壓級(jí)與另一邊受聲室的聲壓級(jí)差D（D=Lp1-Lp2）。因此，對(duì)隔墻空氣聲隔絕量的測(cè)試就歸結(jié)為測(cè)量隔墻一邊的噪聲發(fā)聲室與另一邊的受聲室的聲壓級(jí)差。再根據(jù)空氣聲隔聲量一共測(cè)試100-3150Hz的16個(gè)1/3倍頻帶的隔聲量，得到隔聲曲線，并按國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《建筑隔聲評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GB/T50121-2005求得計(jì)權(quán)隔聲Rw。A：受聲室吸聲量（T60：混響時(shí)間，實(shí)驗(yàn)(6)室內(nèi)混響時(shí)間測(cè)定中測(cè)得）LP1：聲源室的平均聲壓級(jí)LP2：受聲室的平均聲壓級(jí)D：聲源室與受聲室平均聲壓級(jí)差D=LP1-LP2四、測(cè)試設(shè)備實(shí)驗(yàn)室（聲源室、受聲室）、噪聲信號(hào)源、濾波器、GZ021-A功率放大器、全指向聲源、JT121聲學(xué)分析儀、HS5671A型噪聲頻譜分析儀、卷尺實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟1、測(cè)試對(duì)象：由于測(cè)試環(huán)境限制，因此選擇墻體兩側(cè)的房間，一為聲源室，另一為受聲室，兩房間中間隔墻為測(cè)試試件。2、按要求布置好聲源和測(cè)點(diǎn)位置，關(guān)閉好門窗，接好儀器設(shè)備。儀器應(yīng)事先做好核對(duì)工作，并作必要的預(yù)熱。3、將傳聲器放在規(guī)定的測(cè)點(diǎn)處，聲源室和受聲室的測(cè)點(diǎn)數(shù)都不少于3個(gè)，每個(gè)測(cè)點(diǎn)布置兩名組員，其中一個(gè)觀察，另一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)記錄數(shù)據(jù)。4、調(diào)整信號(hào)源，發(fā)出100—3150HZ中心頻率的1/3倍頻程的白噪聲。5、測(cè)量并計(jì)算平均聲壓級(jí)Lp1和Lp2，每一個(gè)測(cè)點(diǎn)的每一頻率直接讀取其聲壓級(jí)平均值或讀取幾個(gè)值后再求其平均值。最后再求每一頻率幾個(gè)測(cè)點(diǎn)的平均聲壓級(jí)值，則為該頻率的聲壓級(jí)。6、受聲室吸聲量的測(cè)量，該數(shù)據(jù)已由“實(shí)驗(yàn)(6)室內(nèi)混響時(shí)間測(cè)定”中測(cè)得其混響時(shí)間而算出了。注意事項(xiàng)1、聲源系統(tǒng)應(yīng)穩(wěn)定，在測(cè)量的頻率范圍內(nèi)具有連續(xù)的頻率。2、聲源應(yīng)具有足夠的聲功率，保證受聲室內(nèi)任何一頻帶的聲壓級(jí)比環(huán)境噪聲聲壓級(jí)至少高10dB。3、受聲室的混響時(shí)間不能太長(zhǎng)，最好不大于2s。4、傳聲器放置高度應(yīng)距地面1.5m以上，各測(cè)點(diǎn)之間距離不小于1.5m。5、HS5671A型噪聲頻譜分析儀在測(cè)量之前應(yīng)進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)。6、測(cè)量時(shí)房間的門窗必須關(guān)閉，防止外界的噪音干擾。7、注意分析儀的量程調(diào)整，減少實(shí)驗(yàn)誤差。8.所有測(cè)點(diǎn)距離距離房間邊界或擴(kuò)散體應(yīng)大于0.7m9.測(cè)點(diǎn)位置取3個(gè)點(diǎn)，每個(gè)位置至少測(cè)兩次混響時(shí)間實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)及處理容積V：4.1×5.5×6.9=155.595m2，試件面積S：（2+1.5）×5.5=19.25m2‘收聲室平面示意發(fā)聲室平面示意收聲室平面示意發(fā)聲室平面示意源室聲和收聲室的測(cè)量記錄數(shù)據(jù)頻率（HZ）聲壓級(jí)測(cè)試點(diǎn)Ⅰ測(cè)試點(diǎn)Ⅱ測(cè)試點(diǎn)ⅢLp（平均）123123123100P155.4055.6054.9059.6060.9057.7068.3069.7071.0061.46P218.1018.2018.3023.3022.2024.0035.0034.7033.0025.20125P156.7057.4057.0073.6057.9073.7070.3073.0072.4065.78P219.4020.2021.4029.1030.1028.7041.2042.6041.7030.49160P164.5066.1065.8074.9074.3074.1071.1078.5078.4071.97P233.5033.7033.8034.0033.9035.5047.5046.7047.4038.44200P174.5074.0073.9074.8074.5075.9084.8084.4084.6077.93P239.4039.1039.7042.9043.8043.5050.3051.0050.6044.48250P171.9072.3072.3075.5074.5075.8084.1084.3084.2077.21P235.4035.5032.9043.0036.1038.4045.6045.2045.6039.74315P173.0072.7072.6075.7076.3076.1079.9080.0080.3076.29P227.5027.3027.1033.8033.4034.1045.2038.6038.2033.91400P175.2075.7074.7076.2075.3076.7080.7079.6079.5077.07P226.4031.9028.0033.9035.1032.6033.9035.2034.6032.40500P172.0072.2072.2075.8077.5077.2078.3078.6078.2075.78P228.6029.9032.1032.8033.0034.2033.7033.8033.6032.41630P175.5075.3075.4077.6078.0077.3079.0078.5079.1077.30P230.1031.0030.2036.4035.7036.6035.0032.8034.0033.53800P174.1074.0074.1077.3076.2076.9075.7075.8075.7075.53P229.5029.4030.0038.3032,434.1035.5034.7032.5033.001000P175.4074.3075.2077.2077.4077.2075.3076.7076.6076.14P229.3029.5029.2035.1033.3031.9034.7033.0032.3032.031250P176.6076.2076.6078.4082.4078.3078.3078.1077.8078.08P231.8031.9031.7032.9031.9031.7029.8030.1028.2031.111600P179.9079.8079.7082.5083.4082.7079.9080.1079.4080.82P229.3029.2028.9034.1036.2033.3030.1028.1027.9030.792000P182.4082.6081.9083.2083.8083.7081.1082.1081.7082.50P231.8031.9031.7037.3037.1037.6033.0032.7033.2034.032500P180.5080.4080.6082.0081.8084.1077.6077.7077.4080.23P225.3034.0033.9039.1039.5039.4033.5034.0033.4034.683150P181.4080.9080.8084.3084.4084.8080.4080.8080.7082.06P236.7036.6036.3043.9043.3043.8035.6037.1037.3038.964000P176.5076.3076.5080.2082.0083.0076.0075.9076.1078.06P236.5030.0029.4034.6034.4034.8029.1029.9028.8031.94P1(聲源室)P2(收聲室)實(shí)驗(yàn)記錄和計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)頻率(HZ)T60（s）A(㎡)Lp1（平均）(dB)Lp2（平均）(dB)D(dB)隔聲量R(dB)1002.0812.0461.4625.2036.2638.401251.0623.6365.7830.4935.2935.471600.9825.5671.9738.4433.5235.132000.8130.9377.9344.4833.4634.302500.8130.9377.2139.7437.4734.303150.7832.1276.2933.9142.3834.144000.6439.1477.0732.4044.6733.285000.6041.7575.7832.4143.3733.006300.6041.7577.3033.5343.7733.008000.6240.4075.5333.0042.5333.1410000.6041.7576.1432.0344.1133.0012500.6439.1478.0831.1146.9733.2816000.6836.8480.8230.7950.0333.5420000.6737.3982.5034.0348.4733.4825000.6936.3080.2334.6845.5633.6031500.6936.3082.0638.9643.1033.6040000.6936.3078.0631.9446.1133.60T60：混響時(shí)間A：收聲室吸聲量A=0.161V/T60LP1：聲源室的平均聲壓級(jí)LP2：收聲室的平均聲壓級(jí)D：聲源室與收聲室平均聲壓級(jí)差D=LP1-LP2R：隔聲量R=Lp1—Lp2+10lg(S/A)=D+10lg