歷年托福閱讀考試真題復(fù)習(xí)

歷年托福閱讀考試真題復(fù)習(xí)

歷年托福閱讀考試真題復(fù)習(xí)

沒有一個(gè)高校，是比擁有我們從未使用過的力量的‘大自我和人

類意志與理智所制造的現(xiàn)實(shí)，更能包羅萬象的了。以下是我為大家搜

尋整理的歷年托福閱讀考試真題復(fù)習(xí)，期望能給大家?guī)韼兔?

Themostthoroughlystudiedcasesofdeceptionstrategies

employedbyground-nestingbirdsinvolveplovers,smallbirds

thattypicallynestonbeachesorinopenfields,theirnests

merelyscrapesinthesandorearth.Ploversalsohavean

effectiverepertoireoftricksfordistractingpotentialnest

predatorsfromtheirexposedanddefenselesseggsorchicks.

Theever-watchfulplovercandetectapossiblethreatat

aconsiderabledistance.Whenshedoes,thenestingbirdmoves

inconspicuouslyoffthenesttoaspotwellawayfromeggsor

chicks.Atthispointshemayuseoneofseveralploys.One

techniqueinvolvesfirstmovingquietlytowardanapproaching

animalandthensettingoffnoisilythroughthegrassorbrush

inalow,crouchingrunawayfromthenest,whileemitting

rodentlikesqueaks.Theeffectmimicsascurryingmouseorvole,

andthebehaviorrivetstheattentionofthetypeofpredators

thatwouldalsobeinterestedineggsandchicks.

Anotherdeceptionbeginswithquietmovementtoanexposed

andvisiblelocationwellawayfromthenest.Oncethere,the

birdpretendstoincubateabrood.Whenthepredatorapproaches,

千里之行，始于足下。

theparentflees,leavingthefalsenesttobesearched.The

directioninwhichtheploverescapesissuchthatifthe

predatorchoosestofollow,itwillbeledstillfurtheraway

fromthetruenest.

Theploversmostfamousstratagemisthebroken-wing

display,actuallyacontinuumofinjury-mimickingbehaviors

spanningtherangefromslightdisabi1itytonear-complete

helplessness.Oneorbothwingsareheldinanabnormalposition,

suggestinginjury.Thebirdappearstobeattemptingescape

alonganirregularroutethatindicatespanic.Inthemost

extremeversionofthedisplay,thebirdflapsonewinginan

apparentattempttotaketotheair,flopsoverhelplessly,

strugglesbacktoitsfeet,runsawayashortdistance,

seeminglyattemptsoncemoretotakeoff,flopsoveragainas

theuselesswingfailstoprovideanylift,andsoon.Few

predatorsfailtopursuesuchobviouslyvulnerableprey.

Needlesstosay,eachshortrunbetweenflightattemptsis

directedawayfromthenest.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)Thenest-buildingtechniquesofplovers

(B)Howpredatorssearchforplovers

(C)Thestrategiesusedbyploverstodeceivepredators

(D)Whyploversarevulnerabletopredators

2.Thewordmerelyinfine3isclosestinmeaningto

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often

(B)only

(C)usually

(D)atfirst

3.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageabout

plovers?

(A)Theireggsandchicksaredifficulttofind.

(B)Theyaregenerallydefenselesswhenawayfromtheir

nests.

(C)Theyareslowtoreactindangeroussituations.

(D)Theirnestsareonthesurfaceoftheground.

4.Thewordemittingin1ine10isclosestinmeaningto

(A)bringing

(B)attracting

(C)producing

(D)minimizing

千里之行，始于足下。

5.Inthedeceptiontechniquedescribedinparagraph2,the

plovertriesto

(A)stayclosetohernest

(B)attractthepredatorsattention

(C)warnotherploversofdanger

(D)frightentheapproachingpredator

6.Thewordspanninginline19isclosestinmeaningto

(A)covering

(B)selecting

(C)developing

(D)explaining

7.Accordingtoparagraph4,whichofthefollowingaspects

oftheploversbehaviorgivestheappearancethatitis

frightened?

(A)Abnormalbodyposition

(B)Irregularescaperoute

(C)Unnaturalwingmovement

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(D)Unusualamountoftimeawayfromthenest

8.Thewordpursueinline25isclosestinmeaningto

(A)catch

(B)notice

(C)defend

(D)chase

9.Accordingtothepassage,afemaleploverutilizesall

ofthefollowingdeceptiontechniquesEXCEPT

(A)appearingtobeinjured

(B)soundinglikeanotheranimal

(C)pretendingtosearchforprey

(D)pretendingtositonhereggs

10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganization

ofthepassage?

(A)Adescriptionofthesequenceofstepsinvolvedin

ploversnestbuilding

(B)Ageneralizationaboutploverbehaviorfollowedby

specificexamples

千里之行，始于足下。

(C)Acomparisonandcontrastofth