中考英語二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)專題10動詞的時態(tài)課件53張

20222022年中考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)全國通用版專題十動詞的時態(tài)知識導(dǎo)圖語法突破精講精練目錄content01.02.Part01.知識導(dǎo)圖Part02.語法突破精講精練一般現(xiàn)在時1.一般現(xiàn)在時的用法謂語動詞形式用法例句be（am/is/are）;動詞原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式（do/does）表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作。Ioftengotoschoolatseven.我經(jīng)常在七點鐘去上學(xué)。表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。Itistwelveo'clocknow.現(xiàn)在12點了。表示主語具備的性格、能力、特征等。Helookslikehisfather.他看起來像他爸爸。謂語動詞形式用法例句be（am/is/are）;動詞原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式（do/does）表示客觀事實和普遍真理。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽東升西落。在時間、條件狀語從句中，代替一般將來時。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow，Iwillleave.如果明天不下雨,我將離開。go，come，leave，arrive等動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。ThetraintoBeijingleavesat5：30.開往北京的火車5：30離開。時間標志always，usually，often，sometimes，everyday/year/week，onSunday，twiceaweek...2.動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則1.(2021·賀州)Thedishdoesn'tlooknice,butittastesverydelicious.2.(2021·杭州)Whenapersonvisitsaforeigncountry,itisimportanttoknowhowtoaskforhelppolitely.3.(2021·包頭)Differentareashavedifferentcoloredsoil（土壤）.Thecolorofsoildepends(depend)onmanythings.學(xué)以致用4.Yesterdaytheteachertoldustheearthgoes（go)aroundthesun.5.About300to1,000red-crownedcranesfly(fly)toYanchengNatureReserveeveryyeartospendthewinter.6.(2021·百色)Ourteachersalwaysencourage（鼓勵）ustoshareourfeelingsafterreading.學(xué)以致用一般過去時謂語形式用法例句動詞的過去式（did）表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Imethiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上遇見他了。表示過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為，常和often,always等頻度副詞連用。Heoftenwenttoschoolbybuslastterm.上學(xué)期他經(jīng)常乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。時間標志yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastnight/week/year,amomentago,justnow,then,in2000,whenhewasveryyoung..“usedto+動詞原形”表示過去的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)。如：Mumusedtotellusstories.媽媽過去常給我們講故事。要點提醒2.動詞過去式、過去分詞的變化規(guī)則1.(2021·河池)ThesingingofbirdswokemeuponthefirstmorningwhenIwasintown.2.(2021·杭州)WhileIwaswatchingTV,thedoorbellrang.3.(2021·包頭)Shelockedthefrontdoorandwentoutside.(lock)學(xué)以致用4.(2021·南通改編)—Iweighed(weigh)myselfyesterday,andI'mmuchlighterthanbefore.—Really?Areyouonadiet?5.(2021·梧州)IwantedtosayhellotohimbutIforgot（忘記）hisname.6.(2021·廣安)Chinesescientistssent（發(fā)送）aspaceshiptotheplanetMarstotakephotosinJuly2020.學(xué)以致用7.(2021·遂寧)Finallytheyunderstood（理解）themeaningoflifeaftertheaccidentlastyear.8.(2021·日照)Theboypromised(承諾)hewouldn'tbelateforschoolanymore.學(xué)以致用一般將來時begoingto與will的區(qū)別1.begoingto指已計劃好的事或思考過的意圖、打算，will表示未事先思考或未計劃而臨時做出的決定。如：I'mgoingtoseehimtomorrow.我打算明天去看他。（事先經(jīng)過思考）I'llanswerthedoor.我去開門。（未經(jīng)事先考慮）要點提醒2.begoingto可表示客觀跡象表明馬上要發(fā)生的事，而will則表明說話者的主觀意愿。如：Lookattheclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看看這些云，暴風(fēng)雨就要來了。（客觀跡象表明要發(fā)生）Ihopeitwillbewarmtomorrow.我希望明天會暖和起來。（主觀意愿）3.在含有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句的主句中，一般用will，不用begoingto。如：Iwillcomeifitdoesn'train.如果不下雨的話，我就來。1.Therewillbe/isgoingtobe（be）aconcertinourschoolnextSaturday.2.Iftheycanarriveby9：00a.m.，wewillhave（have）ameeting.3.(2021·無錫)Comeon!Goahead,oryouwillregret(regret)itfortherestofyourlife.4.—DidyoucallJenny？學(xué)以致用4.—DidyoucallJenny？—Ohno，Iforgot.Iwillcall（call）herrightaway.5.(2020·南通改編)Boysandgirls,joininthesummercamp,andyouwilldevelop(develop)somebasiclifeskills.6.(2020·大慶)MymumhopesthatIwillbe(be)happyandhealthyinthefuture.7.(2020·黔南改編)Hurryup,Harry.Ourfriendswillarrive(arrive)inhalfanhour.8.(2020·無錫)Don'tworry.HoboisasmartdogandI'msurehewillcome(come)backsoon.9.(2020·揚州)這個暑假你打算做什么?(漢譯英)Whatdoyouplan/areyougoingtodothissummerholiday?四、現(xiàn)在進行時1.現(xiàn)在進行時的用法謂語形式用法例句am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）表示說話時正在進行的動作。TheyarewatchingTVnow.他們正在看電視。表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作（常與thesedays等連用）。Thesedayswe'reworkingonthefarm.這些天我們在農(nóng)場干活。謂語形式用法例句am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）與always,forever等詞連用表示贊揚、厭惡或不滿等情感。Aliceisalwaysthinkingofothers.艾麗斯總是想著別人。表示位置移動的動詞，如come,go,leave,arrive等常用現(xiàn)在進行時表示最近即將發(fā)生的動作。I'mcoming.我這就來。Weareleavingtomorrow.我們明天將離開。時間標志now,Look！,Listen！,atthe/thismoment...2.動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則1.(2021·泰州)Look!Thechildrenarecircling(circle)arobot,talkingaboutsciencedevelopment.2.(2021·南通改編)—Excuseme,whereisMr.Wu?—Heiswaiting(wait)fortheforeignstudentsattheschoolgate.學(xué)以致用3.(2021·紹興改編)Thechildiscrying(cry)overthere.What'swrongwithhim?4.(2021·連云港改編)—WhatarePaulandBobdoingthesedays?—Theyarecarrying(carry)outasurveyofafter-schoolactivities.學(xué)以致用5.—Haveyoufoundanyusefulclues(線索),sir?—Weareworking(work)onit.There'snothingmuchIcansayatthemoment.6.(2021·廣安)Listen!Someoneissinging（唱歌）inthenextdoor.7.(2021·大連)我正在列一張購物清單。媽媽，你想買點什么?

I'mmakingashoppinglist.Whatwouldyouliketobuy,Mum?學(xué)以致用五、過去進行時1.(2021·盤錦)WhenIcamebackhome,Momwaswatering（water）thegarden.2.(2021·常州)—Iwenttoyourhouseafterworkyesterdaybutyouwerenotin.—Oh，Iwaswalking（walk）mydogoutside.3.(2021·無錫)—Didn'tyouseetheredlight?—Sorry,sir.Iwaschecking(check)themapanddidn'tnoticeit.學(xué)以致用4.(2021·南通改編)—Icalledyouyesterdayevening,butyoudidn'tanswerme.—Sorry,Iwasreplying(reply)tomypenfriendfarinMoscow.5.(2021·連云港改編)—Whyweren'tyouintheroomat10o'clockthismorning,Betty?—Oh,Iwaschatting(chat)withmygrandmainthegarden.6.(2021·丹東)我們正在閑逛，這時開始下大雨。

Wewerehangingoutwhenitbegantorainheavily．學(xué)以致用現(xiàn)在完成時謂語形式用法例句have/has+過去分詞表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Ihaveseenthefilmalready.我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。（造成的影響/結(jié)果是已知電影內(nèi)容）表示過去開始的動作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在乃至將來（謂語常用延續(xù)性動詞，與sofar,since/for...連用）。Ihavestudiedintheschoolsince2009.自從2009年我就在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。時間標志already,just,yet,sofar,uptonow,ever,sincethen,in/duringthepast...years,“since+過去時間點”,“since+一般過去時從句”,“for+時間段”...1.have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto與have/hasbeenin（考點講解詳見P120考點1）2.延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞英語中的動詞按動作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長短可分為延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞兩種，非延續(xù)性動詞也可稱為短暫性動詞或瞬間動詞。在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，有時要將非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞，這樣才能和時間段連用。轉(zhuǎn)換方法如下：要點提醒（1）將短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為“be+形容詞或副詞”。請看下表：begin/start→beongothere→betherecomeback→bebackcomehere→behereopen→beopenclose→becloseddie→bedeadmarry/getmarried→bemarriedfinish/end→beovergotobed→beinbedleave→beawayreturn→bebackgetout→beoutfallasleep→beasleepwakeup→beawakefallill→beillarrive/reach/getto→bein/atjoin→bein/beamemberof如：這間商店開門6小時了。Theshophasopenedfor6hours.(×)Theshophasbeenopenfor6hours.(√)（2）有的短暫性動詞可以轉(zhuǎn)換為意思相同的延續(xù)性動詞。請看下表：borrow→keep(借）become→be(成為）buy→have/own(買）catch/getacold→haveacold(感冒）gettoknow→know(認識）gotosleep→sleep(睡覺）puton→wear(穿）receive→have(收到）如：這本書我借了一個月了。Ihaveborrowedthebookforonemonth.(×)Ihavekeptthebookforonemonth.(√)3.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)某一動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用；一般過去時只表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：Iboughtaticketyesterday.我昨天買了一張票。(強調(diào)我昨天做的一件事是買票)Ihavealreadyboughtaticket.我已經(jīng)買了一張票。(強調(diào)我已經(jīng)有票了,無須再惦記票的事了)1.(2021·百色)Huaweihasgot(get)thehighestlevelin5GfieldinChina,evenintheworld.2.(2021·常州)Chinahaswon（win）lotsofhighpraisesinceweturnedthesandintoforests.3.Thefilmfestivalhaslasted(last)foraweek.Youwillhaveonemoreweektoenjoyfilmsforfree.學(xué)以致用4.Thisnovelisveryinteresting.Mybrotherhasread(read)itthreetimes.5.(2021·無錫)Theworldhasn'tfaced(notface)suchabigchallengesinceWorldWarⅡ.6.(2021·樂山)“SkyEye”haschanged（改變）from“China'seye”to“theworld'sey