人教版9年級(jí)英語(yǔ)unit9定語(yǔ)從句專題學(xué)生版

定語(yǔ)從句一．定義：在復(fù)合從句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)：（）Thisisthebook{that}Iintroducedtoyou.（）（）定語(yǔ)從句：修飾名詞或代詞的句子。先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞。二．關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞稱為關(guān)系詞（包括“關(guān)系代詞”“關(guān)系副詞”）。關(guān)系代詞在從句中代表先行詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等；關(guān)系副詞代表先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系詞所修飾的先行詞在從句中所作的成分關(guān)系代詞who人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whom人賓語(yǔ)which物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)that人、物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whose/hu:z/人的、物的定語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)why原因名詞原因狀語(yǔ)注意：關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略(但是介詞后不能省，即“介賓;介詞+whom/which”不能?。aveyouseenthebook（that/which）Igaveyouyesterday？考點(diǎn)二：主謂一致Ifoundabookwhich_____(be)quiteinteresting.Thepenandthebookthat_______(be)onthedeskbelongtoTom.Heisusinghisnewsmartphonewhichhe_______(buy)yesterday.Lindalikesthesongverymuchwhich_____(sound)relaxing.Arethereanystudentswho______(be)toBeijingbefore.Idislikethecitywherehe_____(go)tocollegenextyear.Sheisoneofthestudentswho_____(like)playingthepiano.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____(like)playingthepiano.注意：“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；若是“theonly/very/right+oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。考點(diǎn)三：特殊情況“theway”在定語(yǔ)從句中作__________時(shí)的三種引導(dǎo)方式Idon’tagreetheway____________youtoldus.Idon’tliketheway_______________youspeaktoyourmother.Theway____________heworkedouttheproblemisverysimple.That/This/It+be+theadj.最高級(jí)+n.+(that)從句（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Thisisthemostdangeroussituation______Ihaveevermet.Pandasarethecutestanimals_______Ihaveseen.Themostinterestingmuseum______I’veverbeentoistheAmericanputerMuseum.That/This/It+be+thefirst/second/third/...+time+(that)從句（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Itisthefirsttime______IhavevisitedChina注意：只用that的情況（1）當(dāng)先行詞是all,much,little,few,anything,nothing,none等不定代詞，或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)I’minterestedineverythingthatisaboutbasketball.IwanttoreadalltheworksthatwerewrittenbyLuXun.我想把魯迅的作品全讀完。（2）當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thelast,thevery,theright,thesame等詞修飾時(shí)Talkingwastheonlythingthatinterestedher.聊天是她唯一感興趣的事。（3）當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一個(gè)通過(guò)考試的人。（4）當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)Theoldestmanthatsitsinthemiddleismygrandfather.坐在中間最老的人是我的祖父。（5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)Shetookphotosofthepeopleandthethingsthatshewasinterestedin.她把她感興趣的人和物全拍攝了下來(lái)。（6）當(dāng)主句是以who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)時(shí)（避免重復(fù)）Whoisthepersonthatisstandingbythedoor?站在門旁邊的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？（7）當(dāng)主句以here/there開(kāi)頭，且先行詞指物時(shí)Hereistheschoolbagthatyouwanttobuy.指物只用which的情況關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí)，介詞+which；（介詞鎖定）Theworldinwhichweliveissobeautiful.先行詞本身為that/those時(shí);（避免重復(fù)）What’sthatwhichwasputinthebasket?Whatarethosewhichweretakenawayjustnow?非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中用which。Shebecameahomelesswomanovernight,whichmakesmesosad.指人只用who的情況（1）先行詞為指人的不定代詞，如：one;ones;anyone;noone;those等；Thosewhohavenotgotyourtextbooksstandup.（2）therebe句型中先行詞指人。ThereisamanwhoiscalledLiHua.（3）分隔式定語(yǔ)從句中（先行詞后有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語(yǔ)）。Iwasoneofthepersonsinmyofficewhowereinvited.（4）一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)已經(jīng)用that引導(dǎo)，另一個(gè)用who。Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeinthewritingpetitionismydeskmatewhostudiesveryhard.限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語(yǔ)從句:對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行修飾，限制范圍，去掉它主句意思往往不明確，主從句不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，去掉了也不會(huì)影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。翻譯時(shí)常譯成并列的分句（單獨(dú)翻譯成一個(gè)句子）。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能用that/why引導(dǎo)。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個(gè)月買的。（非限制性）2）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞，對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾，用which，引導(dǎo)，這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。Hedoesn’tseemtounderstandme,whichmakesmeupset.他似乎沒(méi)抓住我的意思，這使我沮喪。練習(xí)題一、單項(xiàng)填空。()1.Doyoulikefilms________makeyouexcited?A.that B.what C.who D.it()2.Thewoman_______issinginginthehallisourteacher.A.what B.which C.who D.whom()3.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers________IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.that D.which()4.Look!Theboy________nameisSimonisplayingsoccerwithhisfriends.A.Who B.whoseC.Which D.whom()5.All________theyhavedoneisgoodforus.A.what B.whichC.why D.that按要求完成下列句子。Thebuildingisapostoffice.Itstandsnearthebank.(改為同義句）Thebuilding________________nearthebank________apostoffice.ThemanteachesusEnglish.HeesfromAmerica.(合并成一個(gè)含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）Theman________teachesusEnglish________________America.Theboywithabookinhishandismybrother.(改為復(fù)合句）Theboy________________abookinhishandismybrother.三、把下列句子合并成含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句1.Theboycametoseemeyesterday;heisTom’sbrother.__________________________________________________________2.ThegirlisfromEngland;hermotherisanEnglishteacher.__________________________________________________________3.Youmettheboyhereyesterday;heismybrother.__________________________________________________________4.Thehouseisourphysicslab;itsdoorisgreen.__________________________________________________________5.Iknowtheboy;yougaveabooktohim.__________________________________________________________四、用正確的關(guān)系詞填空。1.AronRalstonisanAmericanman_____isinterestedinmountainclimbing.2.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituation_______youcannotseemtogetoutof.3.Wehavetomakeadecision______couldmeanlifeordeath.4.Aron’sarmwascaughtundera360kilorock_______fellonhim.5.OliverTwistisaboutaboy______goesouttoseaandfindsanisland.6.TomSawyerisaboutaboy______livesintheUnitedKingdom.7.I’vebroughtmanythings______Icanuse.8.Sallylooksatthemanybooks______shehasn’treadyet.9.Ilearnedaboutinventions______ledtocolormovies.10.Singaporeisaplace_______youwillneverforget.11.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethings______wenolongeruse.12.Hishometownistheplace______holdsallhisbestmemories.13.ZhongWeiwillnowbeabletoopenanonlineshop____sellsdeliciousfoodfromhishometown.14.Thestoryisaboutanemperor______lovedclothes.15.Youcanalsogivethemawaytokidsorpeople_____needthem.16.Iwanttobuyahouse_______windowsfacethesea.17.Mikeisamanon____youcandepend.18.Therearesomeoldbooksandtoys______youshouldpartwith.19.Peopledon’tliketomakefriendsw