河南省信陽(yáng)市淮濱縣多校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省信陽(yáng)市淮濱縣多校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Readingsomecomments.B.Makingareservationonline.C.CookingIndianfoodfordinner.2.Wherehasthewomanfoundherkeys?A.Onthetable.B.Onthebarcounter.C.Inherpocket.3.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofLinda’sspeech?A.Boring.B.Justso-so.C.Great.4.WhatistherelationshipbetweenAlexandSarah?A.Brotherandsister.B.Husbandandwife.C.Employerandemployee.5.Whattimedoesthemeetingbegin?A.At6:00.B.At6:10.C.At6:20.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatmadethewomanfailtovisitthewebsite?A.TheWi-finetworkfailure.B.Theanti-virussoftware.C.Thewrongpassword.7.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Shereadheremails.B.Shesetupapassword.C.Shewatchedaprogramonline.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sellingbooks.B.Hostingaprogram.C.Doingasurvey.9.Whatkindofbooksdoesthemanlikebest?A.Historicalnovels.B.Adventurestories.C.Biographies.10.Howdidthemangetmostofhisbooks?A.Fromsomebookfairs.B.Fromonlinebookstores.C.Fromphysicalbookshops.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至14題。11.Whatistheannouncementmainlyabout?A.After-schoolprograms.B.Weatherconditions.C.Schedulechanges.12.Wherewillthespecialactivitybusleave?A.Outsidethemainoffice.B.Fromtheeastparkinglot.C.Fromthewestparkinglot.13.Whatshouldaparentdoifhepicksuphischild?A.Signouthischild.B.Waitattheactivitycenter.C.Phonetheteacher.14.Whoarethelisteners?A.Teachers.B.Students.C.Parents.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.WhyisMomdisappointed?A.Dominicperformsbadlyatschool.B.Dominicintendsnottobecomeadoctor.C.Dominicfailstobeadmittedtoahighschool.16.WhatdoesDominicdesiretodo?A.Makeinstruments.B.Playonstage.C.Createsongs.17.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsDominic’sdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Unconcerned.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydidthewoman’shusbandgotoPhilippines?A.Toprovidehelp.B.Togivelectures.C.Todobusiness.19.Howmanydayswillthewoman’shusbandstayinPhilippines?A.14days.B.16days.C.18days.20.WhatarethePhilippinessufferingfromnow?A.Anearthquake.B.Floods.C.Aterribledisease.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWehavedevelopedanamazingnewtoolforanyonetryingtolearnEnglishastheirsecondlanguage—LBEL.ItiscommittedtohelpingincreaseyourEnglishlisteningskills,thushelpingyoumastertheEnglishlanguageinasystematicmanner.LBELcomespre-packedwithover1,500differenttopicsthatyoucanlistentoandpracticealongwithatyourownpace.Withawidevarietyofarticlescoveringmassivescenarios(情景)aboutalmostalltheaspectsofthedailylives,Englishlisteningpracticehasneverbeeneasier.ButyouwillsoonfindtheresultsofEnglishlisteningpracticeeffectivelyaffectyourEnglishlisteningandevenspeakingskills.Allthearticlesthatcomewiththeapparecategorized.Itmeansthatyoucanpracticealongwithatyourownlevelandpace.YoucaneasilystartyourlisteningEnglishpracticefromthelevelyou’recomfortablein,orworkyourwaystraightthroughthemoreadvancedlevelarticlesandconversations.LBELalsocomeswithabuilt-intranslator,whichhelpsyouunderstandthelessonsmoreeasilyandwithmoreclarity.Simplyselectyourlanguageofpreference,andallthearticleswillalsobeshowninthatlanguagetohelpyoubetterunderstandwhatthesentencesmean,effectivelyincreasingyourEnglishlisteningandconversationskills.LBEListheultimatetoolforanyonelookingforhelpinincreasingtheirEnglishlisteningskills.Simplydownloadtheapponyourdevicerightaway,andstartincreasingyourlisteningskillsfromanywhere,anytimeyouwant.1.Whoistheappmainlyintendedfor?A.Thosewhoareweakinlisteningskills.B.Thosewhoareskilledinwritingarticles.C.Thosewhoareseekingfunwaystolearn.D.Thosewhoareexpectingtobeatranslator.2.Howdoestheappsortitsarticles?A.Bydifferenttopics.B.Bydifficultylevels.C.Bythelengthofthearticles.D.Bythespeakers’speakingspeed.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Anappreview.C.Acontestentry. D.Anadvertisement.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了LBEL這一應(yīng)用軟件的功能和作用。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“ItiscommittedtohelpingincreaseyourEnglishlisteningskills,thushelpingyoumastertheEnglishlanguageinasystematicmanner.(它致力于幫助提高你的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力能力，從而幫助你系統(tǒng)地掌握英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言)”可知，這個(gè)應(yīng)用軟件是為那些聽(tīng)力能力薄弱的人準(zhǔn)備的。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Allthearticlesthatcomewiththeapparecategorized.Itmeansthatyoucanpracticealongwithatyourownlevelandpace.(該應(yīng)用程序附帶的所有文章都進(jìn)行了分類。這意味著你可以在你自己的水平和節(jié)奏上一起練習(xí))”可知，此款軟件可以讓你按照自己的水平進(jìn)行練習(xí)，所以是通過(guò)難度級(jí)別劃分文章的，故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Simplydownloadtheapponyourdevicerightaway,andstartincreasingyourlisteningskillsfromanywhere,anytimeyouwant.(只需立即在你的設(shè)備上下載該應(yīng)用程序，并開(kāi)始在你想要的任何地方提高你的聽(tīng)力技能)”可知，這是一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的廣告。故選D。BSkiinghasbeenaroundsinceearlycivilization,evidencedbya5,000-year-oldrockcarvingrepresentingmenonskishuntingdeerinNorway,andthediscoveryofaskidatingbackto6000B.C.foundinVis,Russia.Historiansdebatewhereskiingfirstgotitsstart,though;somearguethatitwasinAltay,China,in8000B.C.Modernskiing,however,candatebacktotheScandinavians,whomainlyusedskisasameansoftravelorforotherpracticalpurposes,particularlytheIndigenousSámipeopleinNorway,Finland,andSweden,writesRaymondFlowerinTheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinterSports.Norsemyths(挪威神話)evendescribedUll,awintergod,onskiswithcurvedtipsandincludedotherstoriesofheroesandgoddessesskiingdownmountains.Someofthefirstofficialcompetitionsbeganaround1850inNorway,withthefirstrecordedraceinSwedenheldoutsideStockholmin1879.SkiingbecameahouseholdwordwiththepublicationofthepopularbookofferingathrillingaccountofNorwegianexplorerFridtjofNansen’sdifficultandhistoricjourneyonskisacrossGreenlandin1888.ThesportspreadtotheSwissAlps,whereitwasenjoyedlargelybyBritishvacationers,beforeclubspoppeduparoundtheworldinthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Variationsofthesportdevelopedovertheyears,suchastheslalomrace(障礙滑雪),downhilljumping,andmountaineering.TheBritisharelargelycreditedwithtransformingskiingfromitsScandinavianrootsintothehighlycompetitivesportitisnow.In1921,theydevelopedrulesthatbecamewidelyacceptedandadjustedtheslalomracetoincludeflaggatestotesttheskillofskiers’turns.SkiingthenexplodedinpopularityafterWorldWarII,whenskiresorts(勝地)graduallydevelopedtoreceivesingle-dayskiersaswellasthosetakinglongervacations.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutRaymondFlower?A.Hewroteaboutskiing. B.Heinventedskiing.C.HerecordedNorsemyths. D.Hewasgoodatrockcarving.5.Whydidskiingbecomeawell-knownwordinthelate1800’s?A.Someofficialcompetitionswereheld. B.TheBritishspreaditallovertheworld.C.Itwaswritteninthetextbookonhistory. D.Anadventurebookaboutskiingcameout.6.Whocontributedmostinchangingskiingtoamorecompetitivesport?A.TheSwiss. B.TheBritish. C.TheNorse. D.TheFinn.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDidSkiingDevelopinNorway? B.WhyDidPeopleKillTimebySkiing?C.WhatAreSkiingAdventuresAllAbout? D.WhatAretheAncientOriginsofSkiing?〖答案〗4.A5.D6.B7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了滑雪這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的起源及其發(fā)展歷程?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Modernskiing,however,candatebacktotheScandinavians,whomainlyusedskisasameansoftravelorforotherpracticalpurposes,particularlytheIndigenousSámipeopleinNorway,Finland,andSweden,writesRaymondFlowerinTheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinterSports.(然而，雷蒙德·弗勞爾在《滑雪和其他冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)史》中寫道，現(xiàn)代滑雪可以追溯到斯堪的納維亞人，他們主要將滑雪板作為旅行工具或其他實(shí)用目的，尤其是挪威、芬蘭和瑞典的土著薩米人)”可知，雷蒙德·弗勞爾寫了一篇關(guān)于滑雪的書。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“SkiingbecameahouseholdwordwiththepublicationofthepopularbookofferingathrillingaccountofNorwegianexplorerFridtjofNansen’sdifficultandhistoricjourneyonskisacrossGreenlandin1888.(隨著一本暢銷書的出版，滑雪成了家喻戶曉的話題，這本書講述了挪威探險(xiǎn)家弗里德·喬夫·南森在1888年穿越格陵蘭島滑雪的艱難歷史旅程)”可知，滑雪在19世紀(jì)末成為一個(gè)眾所周知的詞，是由于一本關(guān)于滑雪的冒險(xiǎn)書籍出版了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheBritisharelargelycreditedwithtransformingskiingfromitsScandinavianrootsintothehighlycompetitivesportitisnow.(在很大程度上，英國(guó)人將滑雪從斯堪的納維亞起源轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在的高度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，英國(guó)人在將滑雪變成更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的運(yùn)動(dòng)方面做出了最大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Skiinghasbeenaroundsinceearlycivilization,evidencedbya5,000-year-oldrockcarvingrepresentingmenonskishuntingdeerinNorway,andthediscoveryofaskidatingbackto6000B.C.foundinVis,Russia.Historiansdebatewhereskiingfirstgotitsstart,though;somearguethatitwasinAltay,China,in8000B.C.(滑雪從早期文明開(kāi)始就存在了，有5000年歷史的代表著挪威人在滑雪板上獵鹿的石雕證明，并且在俄羅斯的維斯發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以追溯到公元前6000年的滑雪板。不過(guò)歷史學(xué)家們爭(zhēng)論滑雪是從哪里最早開(kāi)始的；有人認(rèn)為它是在公元前8000年在中國(guó)的阿勒泰)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要探索了滑雪這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的起源，所以“滑雪的古老起源是什么？”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。CIfyouliveinaregionwherewinterweatherisaregularrisk,youarelikelyusedtopouringsaltonyoursidewalks.Buthowdoesitwork?Andhowmuchsaltdohumanspourontoourplanet’ssurface?Thesecondquestioniseasiertoanswer:alot.Saltdoesn’tdirectlymeltice,nordoesitmakesnowsimplydisappear.Insteaditmakeswaterlesslikelytofreezeinaphenomenoncalledfreezingpointdepression.Inthecaseofsimplerocksalt,whichisarawer,lesspureversionoftablesalt,eachmolecule(分子)splitsintosmallerelements.Normally,whenwaterfreezesintoice,itsmoleculeslineuptoformastable,orderlystructure.Saltinterruptstheprocess,however,andtemperaturesmustdroplowertoovercomethatinterruptionandforfreezingtooccur.Butifsaltneedstointeractwithliquidwater,howdoesitdoanythingwhentemperaturesarestubbornlybelowfreezing,andwatershouldalreadybeintheformofice?That’swherecarshelpcleartheirownwaybycreatingfrictionand,inturn,heat.Thefrictionallowsfortheicethathasalreadyfrozentomeltalittlebit,makingitunlikelytofreeze.Beyondrocksalt’sabilitytoclearicystreets,itcanalsobedestructive.Chlorideions(氯離子)cancausewearandtearonvehiclesandfacilities.IncreasingchloridedensitiesinNorthAmericanlakescouldbegintoupsetlocalecologyanddegradesourcesofdrinkingwater.Manylocalgovernmentsarelookingforalternativestorocksalt.Othersaltssuchasmagnesiumchlorideandcalciumchlorideworkinthesamewayasrocksalt,andthey’reperhapsevenmoreefficient.Someexperimentsaretestingotherice-preventingsolutions,includingthosethatcontainsugarsinsteadoforinadditiontosalts.Anotherapproachreliesmoreheavilyonsand,whichcanmechanicallymakeroadssafer.Allofthisexperimentationisaimedatensuringpeoplecantravelinanyweathercondition—aHerculeantaskwhenwinterbringsitsworst.8.What’sthepurposeofthefirstsentenceinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Togivesomeevidence.C.Todefinethephenomenon. D.Torevealthemisconception.9.Howdoessaltworktodisturbtheprocessoffreezing?A.Byloweringthetemperature. B.Bymeltingandsplittingitself.C.Bylininguptoformasolidstructure. D.Bystoppingtheformationofthestructure.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“densities”inParagraph4mean?A.Concentrations. B.Weights. C.Qualities. D.Salts.11.What’sthelastparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.Othersaltswon’tdisturblocalecology.B.Effortsarebeingmadetoguaranteesafetravels.C.Manyalternativesareavailabletosolvetheproblem.D.Bitterwintermakeitimpossibletosecureroadsafety.〖答案〗8.D9.D10.A11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人們?cè)诙焱ㄟ^(guò)在路面撒鹽來(lái)緩解雪后因道路結(jié)冰而造成的交通安全問(wèn)題，并就此問(wèn)題所帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題進(jìn)行科普?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Saltdoesn’tdirectlymeltice,nordoesitmakesnowsimplydisappear.”（鹽不會(huì)直接融化冰，也不會(huì)讓雪消失。）以及第二句“Insteaditmakeswaterlesslikelytofreezeinaphenomenoncalledfreezingpointdepression.”（相反，它使水更不容易凍結(jié)，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為冰點(diǎn)降低。）可知，第二段第一句的目的是揭示一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)知，糾正鹽直接使雪和冰融化的錯(cuò)誤想法。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Normally,whenwaterfreezesintoice,itsmoleculeslineuptoformastable,orderlystructure.Saltinterruptstheprocess,however,andtemperaturesmustdroplowertoovercomethatinterruptionandforfreezingtooccur.”（正常情況下，當(dāng)水結(jié)冰時(shí)，它的分子會(huì)排成一行，形成一個(gè)穩(wěn)定有序的結(jié)構(gòu)。然而，鹽會(huì)打斷這一過(guò)程，而溫度必須降得更低，才能克服這種干擾，從而發(fā)生凍結(jié)。）可知，鹽會(huì)干擾水分子在結(jié)冰時(shí)形成穩(wěn)定、有序的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子“IncreasingchloridedensitiesinNorthAmericanlakescouldbegintoupsetlocalecologyanddegradesourcesofdrinkingwater.”（北美湖泊中氯化物densities的增加可能會(huì)擾亂當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)，并使飲用水源退化。）可知，氯離子的濃度增加會(huì)是當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)受到干擾，并使飲用水源退化。所以劃線詞的意思是“濃度”。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段，尤其是“Allofthisexperimentationisaimedatensuringpeoplecantravelinanyweathercondition…”（所有這些試驗(yàn)都是為了確保人們?cè)谌魏翁鞖鈼l件下都能出行。）可知，本段主要闡述地方政府正在努力確保冰雪天氣人們出行安全。故選B項(xiàng)。DAstronautFrankRubialesmadeheadlinesbyspending371daysinspace,farbeyondhisscheduled180days,duetoatechnicalfailure.ThisunexpectedlongerstaybecameanunforgettableexperienceforRubialesanditwasturnedintoagoldenopportunityforresearcherstoexploretheeffectsoflong-termspacetravelonthehumanbody.Althoughspaceexplorationisofimportanceforhumanbeings’development,itbringsaboutuniquebadeffectsonbothphysicalandmentalwell-being.Theabsenceofgravityinspacecancauseastronautstolosemuscleandbonestrength,whichmaycausetheirdisabilities.Tosolvethisproblem,theymustexercisefor150minuteseveryweek.Additionally,spacetraveler’seyescanbeaffectedinthezero-gravityenvironment,facingthedangerofbeingblind.What’sworse,beyondearth’sprotectivelayer,astronautsfacegreaterexposuretostrongsolarradiation,increasingtheriskofserioushealthissues,includingcancer.Astronauts’mentalhealthisalsoatrisk.OnEarth,daylightpatternshelpussleep,butastronautsinspacesee16sunrisesandsunsetseachday.Theunusualpatterndisturbstheirnaturalsleepcyclesandleadstoanxiety.Besides,thelimitedsocialinteractionsandtheconstantobservationbyexpertsonEarthcanresultinstressandloneliness.Therefore,thesefactorsstresstheimportanceofadvancingtechnologyandstrategiestoensureastronauts’healthandwell-beingduringlong-timemissions,suchasspacetravelthatcouldlastuptoyears.TheexperienceanddatagatheredfrommissionslikeRubiales’notonlyhelpprepareformoredistantspaceexplorationsbutalsohaveimprovedapplicationsonEarth.Technologiesthatoncesupportedspaceexplorationarenowincreasingmedicalqualitiesinhospitalsandhelpingrecoveryfromhealthconditions,bridgingthegapbetweenspaceachievementsanddailylife.12.WhathappenedtoRubiales?A.Hestayedlongerinspaceforatechnicalmistake.B.HereturnedtotheEarthontime.C.Heresearchedtheeffectsoflong-termspacetravel.D.Hewasscheduledtospend371daysinspace.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Healthproblemscausedbytheabsenceofgravity.B.Badeffectsonastronauts’physicalhealthinspace.C.Astronauts’badexperiencesinspace.D.Solutionstohealthissuesincludingcancer.14.Whatmaymainlycauseastronauts’anxiety?A.Sunrisesandsunsets. B.Observationbyexperts.C.Lackofsleep. D.Usualdaylightpatterns.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspaceexplorations?A.Disapproving. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Objective.〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了盡管太空探索對(duì)人類發(fā)展具有重要意義，但它也給宇航員的身心健康帶來(lái)了獨(dú)特的負(fù)面影響。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AstronautFrankRubialesmadeheadlinesbyspending371daysinspace,farbeyondhisscheduled180days,duetoatechnicalfailure.(由于技術(shù)故障，宇航員弗蘭克·魯比亞萊斯在太空中度過(guò)了371天，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了他計(jì)劃的180天，成為頭條新聞。)”可知，由于一個(gè)技術(shù)錯(cuò)誤，他在太空停留的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theabsenceofgravityinspacecancauseastronautstolosemuscleandbonestrength,whichmaycausetheirdisabilities.Tosolvethisproblem,theymustexercisefor150minuteseveryweek.Additionally,spacetraveler’seyescanbeaffectedinthezero-gravityenvironment,facingthedangerofbeingblind.What’sworse,beyondearth’sprotectivelayer,astronautsfacegreaterexposuretostrongsolarradiation,increasingtheriskofserioushealthissues,includingcancer.(太空中沒(méi)有重力會(huì)導(dǎo)致宇航員失去肌肉和骨骼力量，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們的殘疾。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，他們必須每周鍛煉150分鐘。此外，太空旅行者的眼睛在零重力環(huán)境下會(huì)受到影響，面臨失明的危險(xiǎn)。更糟糕的是，在地球的保護(hù)層之外，宇航員面臨著更大的太陽(yáng)輻射，增加了患癌癥等嚴(yán)重健康問(wèn)題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，第二段主要講述了在太空中對(duì)宇航員身體健康的不良影響。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theunusualpatterndisturbstheirnaturalsleepcyclesandleadstoanxiety.(這種不尋常的模式擾亂了他們的自然睡眠周期，導(dǎo)致焦慮。)”可知，導(dǎo)致宇航員焦慮的主要原因是睡眠不足。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theabsenceofgravityinspacecancauseastronautstolosemuscleandbonestrength,whichmaycausetheirdisabilities.(太空中沒(méi)有重力會(huì)導(dǎo)致宇航員失去肌肉和骨骼力量，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們的殘疾。)”、文章第三段“Astronauts’mentalhealthisalsoatrisk.(宇航員的心理健康也處于危險(xiǎn)之中。)”和文章最后一段“TheexperienceanddatagatheredfrommissionslikeRubiales’notonlyhelpprepareformoredistantspaceexplorationsbutalsohaveimprovedapplicationsonEarth.(從像Rubiales這樣的任務(wù)中收集的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)不僅有助于為更遙遠(yuǎn)的太空探索做準(zhǔn)備，而且還改善了地球上的應(yīng)用。)”可知，作者在文章中提到了太空探索對(duì)人類發(fā)展的重要性，同時(shí)也指出了太空探索對(duì)人類身體和心理健康可能帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。作者并沒(méi)有表達(dá)出明顯的贊成或反對(duì)的態(tài)度，而是客觀地陳述了太空探索的利弊。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Togetafirst-classdegreeatuniversity,you’llusuallyneedanaverageofaround70percentoraboveoverall.____16____However,itmaybesimplerifyoutakethefollowingtips.Gotoallyourlectures.Whilesomelecturesaremoreinterestingthanothers,makingtheefforttogotothemwilllikelypayoffinthelongterm.____17____Anditmayhelpyouunderstandthecoursematerialinadifferentway.Thelecturermayalsogiveextratipsabouthowtoimproveyourassignment.____18____Knowingwhatyourteacherislookingforfromyourassignmentsisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofproducinggoodwork.Knowingwhatyourworkshouldlooklikemeansthatyoucanapproachyourassignmentwithaclearaimofwhatyou’retryingtoachieve.Todothis,readthemarkingcriteria(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))tofindouthowyourworkisgoingtobeassessed.Talktoyourtutors.Makinganefforttogettoknowyourtutorscanreallybethedifferencebetweengettingafirst-classdegreeandnot.Thereareseveralwaystoarrangetotalktoyourtutors.Youcanstopbytheirofficeandaskforhelporclarificationifyou’restrugglingwithanything.____19____Beorganized.Beingorganizedmeansunderstandingtheassessmentstructure,knowingwhenallthesearedueandknowingtheweightingofeachpieceofwork.____20____Keepingeachofyourassignmentsinspecificfolderswillmeanyoucaneasilyfindtheminthefuture.A.Dotherequiredreading.B.Thismaysounddifficult.C.Knowwhatyourlecturersareexpecting.D.Thiswillmakesureyoudon’tmissadeadline.E.Attendingthemwillimproveyourstudyefficiency.F.Oryoucandropthemanemailorspeaktothemafterclass.G.Ithelpsyouunderstandhowtochangeyourworkforthebetter.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.C19.F20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何在大學(xué)里獲得一等學(xué)位的實(shí)用建議?！?6題詳析】前文“Togetafirst-classdegreeatuniversity,you’llusuallyneedanaverageofaround70percentoraboveoverall.(要在大學(xué)里獲得一等學(xué)位，你通常需要平均達(dá)到70%或更高的分?jǐn)?shù))”介紹在大學(xué)里獲得一等學(xué)位的要求，后文“However,itmaybesimplerifyoutakethefollowingtips.(然而，如果你采納以下建議，事情可能會(huì)更簡(jiǎn)單)”指出有些建議會(huì)讓這件事變得簡(jiǎn)單，因此B項(xiàng)“Thismaysounddifficult.(也許這聽(tīng)起來(lái)是困難的)”承接前文，和后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，其中的This指代前文的anaverageofaround70percentoraboveoverall。故選B。【17題詳析】前文“Whilesomelecturesaremoreinterestingthanothers,makingtheefforttogotothemwilllikelypayoffinthelongterm.(雖然有些講座比其他的更有趣，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，努力去聽(tīng)這些講座可能會(huì)有回報(bào))”建議盡量去聽(tīng)所有講座，后文“Anditmayhelpyouunderstandthecoursematerialinadifferentway.Thelecturermayalsogiveextratipsabouthowtoimproveyourassignment.(它可以幫助你以不同的方式理解課程材料。講師也可能會(huì)就如何改進(jìn)你的作業(yè)給出額外的建議)”解釋這樣做的好處，因此E項(xiàng)“Attendingthemwillimproveyourstudyefficiency.(參加它們能提高你的學(xué)習(xí)效率)”符合語(yǔ)境，同樣是解釋好處，承接前文，和后文是并列關(guān)系，其中的Attendingthem與前文的gotothem呼應(yīng)。故選E。【18題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Knowingwhatyourteacherislookingforfromyourassignmentsisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofproducinggoodwork.Knowingwhatyourworkshouldlooklikemeansthatyoucanapproachyourassignmentwithaclearaimofwhatyou’retryingtoachieve.(知道你的老師想從你的作業(yè)中得到什么是產(chǎn)生好作業(yè)的最重要的方面之一。知道你的工作應(yīng)該是什么樣子意味著你可以帶著一個(gè)明確的目標(biāo)來(lái)完成你的任務(wù))”可知，本段主要指出知道老師所期望的是什么非常重要，空處是段落標(biāo)題，需總結(jié)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段落標(biāo)題一樣使用祈使句的形式，因此C項(xiàng)“Knowwhatyourlecturersareexpecting.(了解你的講師期望什么)”符合語(yǔ)境，契合段落內(nèi)容。故選C?！?9題詳析】前文“Thereareseveralwaystoarrangetotalktoyourtutors.Youcanstopbytheirofficeandaskforhelporclarificationifyou’restrugglingwithanything.(有幾種方法可以安排與你的導(dǎo)師交談。如果你有什么問(wèn)題，你可以去他們的辦公室尋求幫助或解釋)”介紹與導(dǎo)師交談的詳細(xì)方法，因此F項(xiàng)“Oryoucandropthemanemailorspeaktothemafterclass.(或者你可以給他們發(fā)郵件，或者課后跟他們說(shuō)話)”符合語(yǔ)境，同樣是交談的方法，和前一句是選擇關(guān)系，其中的them指代前文的tutors。故選F?！?0題詳析】前文“Beingorganizedmeansunderstandingtheassessmentstructure,knowingwhenallthesearedueandknowingtheweightingofeachpieceofwork.(有條理意味著了解評(píng)估結(jié)構(gòu)，知道所有這些什么時(shí)候完成，知道每項(xiàng)工作的權(quán)重)”解釋有條理的具體含義，因此D項(xiàng)“Thiswillmakesureyoudon’tmissadeadline.(這將確保你不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)截止日期)”解釋這樣做的好處，承接前文。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Inaheartwarmingturnofevents,atwo-year-oldgirlwhohadgonelostinNewberryCountywasfoundsafeandsoundafteracarefulsearch.Theyoungchildhadlastbeen____21____atabout3:00pm,lyingbesidehermother,butwasreported____22____laterintheday.Whatfollowedwasaremarkablechainofeventsthatledtohersafe____23____.Around6:00pm,thesituationtookahopefulturnwhenadeer____24____intheareaheardthecriesofthelostchild.____25____quickly,thehunter____26____anemergencycalltotheNewberryCounty911,reportingthechild’s____27____.NewberryCounty911operatorssprangintoaction,____28____advancedmappingtechnologyto____29____locatethecoordinates(坐標(biāo))providedbythehunter.This_____30_____informationwasthenimmediatelysenttoaSouthCarolinaLawEnforcementDivision(SLED)helicopterandthecounty’sdevotedfirstresponders,whowerealreadyontheirway.Withthelocationdata_____31_____,asearchteamwasquicklysenttothe_____32_____area,situatednearlyamileawayfromthechild’shome.Thehunterandthetwo-year-oldwerefound,safeand_____33_____,inthedenseforest.The_____34_____oftheserespondersfinallyledtoaheartwarming_____35_____.21.A.recognized B.seen C.checked D.saved22.A.safe B.dead C.missing D.sick23.A.rescue B.arrival C.journey D.departure24.A.lover B.raiser C.protector D.hunter25.A.Leaving B.Adapting C.Reacting D.Writing26.A.placed B.forgot C.answered D.presented27.A.progress B.location C.need D.identity28.A.introducing B.providing C.developing D.using29.A.creatively B.mostly C.accurately D.likely30.A.useless B.crucial C.wrong D.cheap31.A.inhand B.inreturn C.insecret D.inorder32.A.parking B.crowded C.playing D.wooded33.A.uneducated B.bored C.unharmed D.confused34.A.purposes B.efforts C.words D.stories35.A.gift B.movie C.tradition D.reunion〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了經(jīng)過(guò)救援人員的努力和仔細(xì)搜尋，一名在紐伯里縣失蹤的兩歲小女孩被發(fā)現(xiàn)安然無(wú)恙，這是一件溫暖人心的事情。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后一次有人看到這個(gè)小女孩是在下午3點(diǎn)左右，躺在她母親的身邊，但當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候報(bào)告失蹤。A.recognized識(shí)別；B.seen看見(jiàn)；C.checked檢查；D.saved拯救。根據(jù)“atwo-year-oldgirlwhohadgonelost”可知，此處指最后一次有人看見(jiàn)小女孩的時(shí)間。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.safe安全的；B.dead死亡的；C.missing丟失的，失蹤的；D.sick生病的。根據(jù)“atwo-year-oldgirlwhohadgonelostinNewberryCountywasfoundsafeandsoundafteracarefulsearch.”可知，小女孩失蹤了。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨后發(fā)生的一系列事件使她安全獲救。A.rescue營(yíng)救；B.arrival到達(dá)；C.journey旅程；D.departure離開(kāi)，出發(fā)。根據(jù)“atwo-year-oldgirlwhohadgonelostinNewberryCountywasfoundsafeandsound”可知，此處表示安全獲救。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：下午6點(diǎn)左右，當(dāng)該地區(qū)的一名獵鹿人聽(tīng)到走失孩子的哭聲時(shí)，情況出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。A.lover愛(ài)好者，愛(ài)人；B.raiser飼養(yǎng)者；C.protector保護(hù)者；D.hunter獵人。根據(jù)“thehunter________anemergencycalltotheNewberryCounty911,”可知，此處是信息詞hunter的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：獵人反應(yīng)迅速，撥打了紐伯里縣911報(bào)警電話，報(bào)告了孩子的位置。A.Leaving離開(kāi)；B.Adapting適應(yīng)；C.Reacting反應(yīng)；D.Writing寫。根據(jù)“whenadeer________intheareaheardthecriesofthelostchild.”可知，聽(tīng)到小孩的哭聲，獵人立刻做出反應(yīng)。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.placed放置，請(qǐng)求；B.forgot忘記；C.answered回答；D.presented出席，呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“anemergencycalltotheNewberryCounty911”可知，獵人撥打了紐伯里縣911報(bào)警電話，placeacall為固定搭配，意為“撥打電話”。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.progress進(jìn)步，進(jìn)程；B.location位置，定位；C.need需要；D.identity身份。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ocatethecoordinates(坐標(biāo))providedbythehunter.”可知，獵人報(bào)告了孩子的位置。故選B。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：紐伯里縣911接線員立即采取行動(dòng)，使用先進(jìn)的測(cè)繪技術(shù)精確定位獵人提供的坐標(biāo)。A.introducing介紹；B.providing提供；C.developing發(fā)展；D.using使用。根據(jù)“advancedmappingtechnology”可知，911接線員立即采取行動(dòng)，使用先進(jìn)的測(cè)繪技術(shù)。故選D。【29題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.creatively創(chuàng)造性地；B.mostly主要地，大部分；C.accurately精確地；D.likely可能地。根據(jù)“advancedmappingtechnology”可知，因?yàn)槭褂昧讼冗M(jìn)的測(cè)繪技術(shù)，所以精確地定位到地點(diǎn)。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一重要信息隨后被立即發(fā)送給南卡羅來(lái)納州執(zhí)法部門(SLED)的直升機(jī)和該縣忠誠(chéng)的第一響應(yīng)者，他們已經(jīng)在路上了。A.useless沒(méi)有用的；B.crucial至關(guān)重要的；C.wrong錯(cuò)誤的；D.cheap便宜的。根據(jù)“l(fā)ocatethecoordinates(坐標(biāo))providedbythehunter.”可知，小女孩的位置是重要信息。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：掌握了位置數(shù)據(jù)，一個(gè)搜索小組很快被派往距離孩子家近一英里的森林地區(qū)。A.inhand在掌握中；B.inreturn作為回報(bào)；C.insecret秘密地；D.inorder按順序。根據(jù)“NewberryCounty911operatorssprangintoaction,________advancedmappingtechnologyto________locatethecoordinates(坐標(biāo))providedbythehunter.”可知，此處表示掌握了位置數(shù)據(jù)。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.parking停車；B.crowded擁擠的；C.playing玩；D.wooded樹木繁茂的。根據(jù)下文“inthedenseforest.”可知，此處指樹木茂密的地區(qū)。故選D。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：獵人和兩歲的孩子在茂密的森林中被發(fā)現(xiàn)，安全無(wú)恙。A.uneducated未受教育的；B.bored感到無(wú)聊的；C.unharmed未受傷的；D.confused感到困惑的。根據(jù)上文“safeandsound”可知，他們沒(méi)有受傷。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些救援人員的努力最終促成了一次溫馨的團(tuán)聚。A.purposes目的；B.efforts努力；C.words單詞；D.stories故事。根據(jù)“Withthelocationdata________,asearchteamwasquicklysenttothe________area,situatednearlyamileawayfromthechild’shome.”可知，救援人員付出了努力。故選B。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.gift禮物；B.movie電影；C.tradition傳統(tǒng)；D.reunion團(tuán)聚。根據(jù)“Inaheartwarmingturnofevents,atwo-year-oldgirlwhohadgonelostinNewberryCountywasfoundsafeandsoundafteracarefulsearch.”可知，小女孩最終與家人團(tuán)聚。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsa